CN105317431B - A method of for explaining and evaluating horizontal wellbore logging parameter - Google Patents
A method of for explaining and evaluating horizontal wellbore logging parameter Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods for explaining and evaluating horizontal wellbore logging parameter comprising：Stratigraphic model is established using log；The well track of horizontal well is calculated and showed using drilling parameter, and log is carried out by horizontal and vertical projection based on drilling parameter；The stratigraphic model established and seismic profile data are imported in horizontal well；Drilling strata interface is divided by analyzing logging response character, and as constraint, whether analysis logging response character occurs significant change；Adjustment stratigraphic model is matched with practical logging curve；The response characteristic of artifical resistance rate.The present invention uses the horizontal well interpretation and evaluation technology formed based on the forward simulation of double-induction resistance rate, overcomes traditional single straight well interpretive mode defect.It is formed by two-dimensional interpretation method and more meets geologic feature, disclosure satisfy that exploration and development explains new method active demand for horizontal well, reach Optimum Fracturing and select layer purpose.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to oil well logging engineering technology more particularly to a kind of for explaining and evaluate horizontal wellbore logging parameter
Method.
Background technology
Currently, in petroleum drilling technology field, relatively lag behind, still uses straight for the log interpretation technology of horizontal well
The simple means of interpretation of well.It is that horizontal well two dimension is shown some of the staff use two-dimensional interpretation, not from horizontal well
Log response mechanism gets on analysis and evaluation.However, actually the log response of horizontal well is different from straight well, by many factors
It influences, such as well track, reservoir top bottom boundaries, reservoir inter-nal lamellar, instrument investigation depth, local structure etc., these factors
Cause the explanation of horizontal well relative complex.In addition, the means of interpretation only with straight well can not also determine well track and reservoir
The relationship of position and oil and water zonation cannot be satisfied the demand of petroleum works.
In well logging field, it is generally recognized that forward modeling refers to known formation model and apparatus structure parameter, utilizes physical mathematics
Means obtain the process of log response；And important method one of of the inverting as electrolog environmental correction, it is according to specific
The process of the log response inverse stratigraphic model electrical parameter of logger.
Invention content
The present invention in view of the shortcomings of the prior art, proposes a kind of method for explaining and evaluating horizontal wellbore logging parameter,
It includes the following steps：
S101, stratigraphic model is established using the log for leading a well or neighbouring straight well of horizontal well, to be based on straight well
Well log interpretation rule determine the target zone and reference lamina leading a well or close on straight well；
S102, the well track that horizontal well is calculated and showed using drilling parameter will wait solving based on the drilling parameter
The log carry out level for the horizontal well released and vertical projection；
S103, the stratigraphic model established and the seismic profile data being obtained ahead of time are imported in horizontal well, based on determination
Target zone or reference lamina match to adjust the horizontal segment seismic signature of the stratigraphic model and the seismic profile, to meet
The contact relation response characteristic of well track and reservoir；
S104, by analyze offset well or lead a well logging response character mark off the offset well or lead a well brill meet ground
Bed boundary, and as constraint, whether the logging response character for analyzing the horizontal segment occurs significant change, it if it is will hair
The point of raw significant change is identified as the interface key point of the horizontal segment；
S105, the adjustment stratigraphic model are matched with practical logging curve so that the model and actual geology
Feature meets；
The response characteristic of S106, artifical resistance rate, and carry out comparison with the double-induction resistance rate actually measured and judge whether
Unanimously, return to step S105 continues to adjust the stratigraphic model until the double-induction that obtains with actually measure if inconsistent
The consistent artifical resistance rate of resistance rate, and log parameter is explained and evaluated based on the stratigraphic model finally obtained.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the method is further comprising the steps of：
S107, the correction influenced based on bed boundary and investigation depth is carried out on resistivity, to obtain quasi- stratum true resistance
Rate, and water saturation and oil saturation are calculated according to the true resistivity.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the method will also execute following step before executing the step S107
Suddenly：
Judge resistivity response variation whether more than a threshold value；
If it does, then carrying out the response simulation of the resistivity under Anisotropic Condition；
Vertical resistivity value is set, and a resistivity curve is fitted simultaneously with horizontal direction resistivity；
The resistivity value of the resistivity curve and actual measurement is compared；
The result of comparison is if it is inconsistent, adjust the stratigraphic model, if unanimously, showing current stratigraphic model
It is reliable.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the horizontal resistivity leads a well or the straight well that closes on by described
Log parameter obtains, and meets following relationship between the vertical resistivity and the horizontal direction resistivity：
Wherein, Rv and Rh indicates vertical resistivity and horizontal direction resistivity respectively.
According to one embodiment of present invention, water saturation is calculated using following formula：
A is lithology factor related with lithology；M is cementation factor；N is saturation exponent；Rw indicates formation water resistivity；
Por indicates porosity；SWT indicates water saturation；RZT indicates quasi- true formation resistivity.
According to one embodiment of present invention, when executing in step S104, if found respectively according to logging response character
A drilling strata is consistent, and stratigraphic model is significantly different, then chooses the stratum mould according to the earthquake information in the region to integrate
Type.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the log includes gamma ray curve, sound wave curve, resistivity song
Line.
The present invention provides a kind of completely new methods for explaining and evaluating to horizontal wellbore logging.The present invention passes through analysis
The influence factor of horizontal wellbore logging, in conjunction with the log interpretation model for for example leading a well, using leading well resistivity, gamma, density
Etc. data establish bed boundary geological model.It is then introduced into horizontal segment, is carried out based on the resistivity simulation of double inductions
The interactive identification of horizontal segment.Herein on basis, the Analyses of Formation Oil Bearing based on quasi- true formation resistivity is formed, is realized
Well track and reservoir geology and the spatial relationship of petrophysics property, meet the need that horizontal well is explained in exploration and development
It asks.
The present invention uses the horizontal well interpretation and evaluation technology formed based on the forward simulation of double-induction resistance rate, overcomes
Traditional single straight well interpretive mode defect, and the two-dimensional interpretation method formed more meets geologic feature, disclosure satisfy that
Exploration and development explains new method active demand for horizontal well, reaches Optimum Fracturing and selects layer purpose, the method more reliable, accurate
Really.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will be illustrated in the following description, also, partly becomes from specification
It obtains it is clear that understand through the implementation of the invention.The purpose of the present invention and other advantages can be by specification, rights
Specifically noted structure is realized and is obtained in claim and attached drawing.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the stratum established according to one embodiment of present invention using resistivity, gamma and the density of leading a well
The schematic diagram of model；
Fig. 2 is the well track for the horizontal segment established according to one embodiment of present invention；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram for according to one embodiment of present invention being combined the well track that Fig. 2 is established with seismic profile；
Fig. 4 is the chart for the identification for carrying out each key point of horizontal segment according to one embodiment of present invention；
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the relationship between the well track and reservoir space of Fig. 2 according to one embodiment of present invention；
Fig. 6 shows the relationship plate of horizontal resistivity, apparent dip θ and λ；
Fig. 7 schematically shows the response and simulation of the resistivity under Anisotropic Condition；
Fig. 8 schematically shows the result for carrying out oil saturation calculating according to an embodiment of the invention；And
Fig. 9 shows the result explained to certain oil field method using the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, how to be applied to the present invention whereby
Technological means solves technical problem, and the realization process for reaching technique effect can fully understand and implement.It needs to illustrate
As long as not constituting conflict, each embodiment in the present invention and each feature in each embodiment can be combined with each other,
It is formed by technical solution within protection scope of the present invention.
In addition, the method and step of the present invention can be held in the computer system of such as a group of computer-executable instructions
Row, although also, described in the description with certain logical order, it in some cases, can be to be different from this
The sequence at place executes described step.
When being explained to horizontal well according to the present invention, first, in step S101, leading a well or face using horizontal well
The log of nearly straight well establishes stratigraphic model, to be led a well to determine based on the well log interpretation rule of straight well or close on straight well
Target zone and reference lamina.Such as it is established using leading a well or closing on the density curve of straight well, neutron, gamma and resistivity curve
Horizontal direction layer attribute feature (corresponding stratigraphic model), is then based on existing straight well means of interpretation or interpretative rule comes really
Target zone and reference lamina are determined, to the explanation of bound level section.The top and bottom of identified 3 target zones and 1 reference lamina point
Not as shown in six phantom line segments in Fig. 1 (TT targets top, TB targets bottom, MT marks top, MB indicate bottom).In Fig. 1, ILD tables
Show that resistivity value, DEN indicate that density value, GR indicate gamma value.The unit of vertical depth TVD (or depth measurement MD) is rice.The first of Fig. 1
Three curves in quadrant respectively refer to the ILD curves, DEN curves and GR curves of floor projection from top to bottom.In addition, third
Three curves of quadrant are respectively ILD curves, DEN curves and the GR curves of vertical projection from left to right.The back of the body in fourth quadrant
Scape model is the stratigraphic model established based on existing straight well method interpretation, therefore it cannot accurately reflect actual conditions.
Next, in step s 102, the well track of horizontal well is calculated and showed using drilling parameter, it is based on drilling well
The log of horizontal well to be explained is carried out horizontal and vertical projection by parameter.Here the drilling parameter used be hole angle and
Drift azimuth.
As shown in Fig. 2, first is A target spot section deep inductions resistivity, B target spot section deep inductions resistivity, A targets from top to bottom
Induction motor in induction motor, B target spot sections in point section.Second is A target spot section natural gammas, B target spot sections from top to bottom
Natural gamma.
In step s 103, the stratigraphic model established in preceding step and the seismic profile data being obtained ahead of time are imported into water
It is special come the horizontal segment earthquake for adjusting stratigraphic model and seismic profile based on the step S101 target zones determined or reference lamina in horizontal well
Sign matches, to meet the contact relation response characteristic of well track and reservoir.
As shown in figure 3, which show the modes of adjustment.The horizontal segment data of seismic profile is imported such as Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 institutes
In the horizontal well stratigraphic model shown, using the scale (vertical phantom line segments indicate) in such as figure of some manual settings by stratum mould
Each layer in type is aligned with seismic profile.Signified seismic profile reflection of the invention is explained for bound level section
Those of layer general trend.
In figure 3, first is A target spot section natural gammas, B target spot section natural gammas from top to bottom.Second from upper and
It is A target spot section deep induction resistivity down, B target spot section deep induction resistivity, induction motor in A target spot sections incudes in B target spot sections
Resistivity.
Then, it in step S104, marks off the offset well by analyzing offset well or leading the logging response character of a well or leads
The drilling strata interface of eye well, and as constraint, whether the logging response character for analyzing the horizontal segment occurs significant change,
The point that significant change occurs if it is is identified as to the interface key point of the horizontal segment.
In the identification process of horizontal segment interface key point, analyzes offset well first and lead the logging response character of a well, according to
It according to lithology, electrical, physical property and explains the information such as conclusion, marks off the bed boundary for leading that a well or offset well brill are met.Then to divide
The bed boundary gone out is constraint, and the logging response character of analysis level section finds out the key point of the response at different interfaces.Such as from figure
The simple horizontal segment stratigraphic model established shown in 4, which can be seen that horizontal segment drilling strata, two sections, is the storage on top respectively
The mud stone section of interval and lower part.
Key point information is the information in the place that significant change occurs for double inductions, natural gamma and natural potential.This shows
There are certain effect of the interface, represent the variation of different lithology and fluid properties.Well track penetrates into mud stone section by sandstone,
Later, find out that drilling engineering adjusts wellbore but also enters Reservoir Section in time not only.Two sections of curvilinear characteristic is obviously consistent before and after mud stone,
The differentiation at interface is consistent.But the stratigraphic model of actual horizontal segment may be the indicated curve of a, b label in attached drawing 4.
It can be seen in the drawing that logging response character is consistent, drilling strata is consistent, and there are visibly different variations for stratigraphic model.At this
In the case of kind, calmodulin binding domain CaM earthquake information is answered to integrate selection stratigraphic model.
Then execute step S105.In this step, the stratigraphic model that adjustment had previously been established is carried out with practical logging curve
Matching so that the stratigraphic model meets with actual geologic feature.Referring to Fig. 5, on the identification basis of horizontal segment key point,
Stratigraphic model can be adjusted to be matched with actual measurement resistivity, gamma curve, neutron or density curve, it is actual to meet
Matter feature.While adjustment, the feature value between each curve is integrated.
Since resistivity curve is more effective in reflection bed boundary, but it can be influenced again by formation anisotropy.
Therefore, the analysis that further also carry out under Anisotropic Condition is adjusted using resistivity curve.
In step s 106, the response characteristic of artifical resistance rate, and compared with the double-induction resistance rate actually measured
Judge whether unanimously, unanimously then to continue following step, inconsistent, the step S105 for returning to front continues to adjust
It is whole.
While artifical resistance rate responds, the influence of sand laminae, that is, the anisotropic shadow of resistivity are paid attention to
It rings.For example the sandstone of certain well is thin layer, and press from both sides mud stone.In this case, resistivity response changes greatly.Therefore it needs to carry out
The response simulation of resistivity under Anisotropic Condition.Vertical resistivity value size is set, is carried out with horizontal direction resistivity same
When fit a resistivity curve.Then it is compared again with the value of actual measurement, until eligible.The value of horizontal resistivity can be with
It is read by leading a well straight well, vertical resistivity can be by horizontal resistivity and vertical resistivity relationship between the two (such as public affairs
Formula 1) and horizontal resistivity, apparent dip (θ) and the acquisition (as shown in Figure 6) of λ relationship plates.Utilize the vertical resistivity value of different layers
Adjustment, it can be achieved that the resistivity value under Anisotropic Condition forward modeling.The results are shown in Figure 7 for forward modeling.
In step s 107, be based on resistivity influences correction into bed boundary and investigation depth, obtains quasi- stratum true resistance
Rate, and water saturation and oil saturation are calculated according to the true resistivity.
In this step, judge resistivity response variation whether more than a threshold value；If it does, then carrying out anisotropy
Under the conditions of resistivity response simulation；Vertical resistivity value is set, and a resistance is fitted simultaneously with horizontal direction resistivity
Rate curve；The resistivity value of the resistivity curve and actual measurement is compared；The result of comparison is if it is inconsistent, described in adjustment
Stratigraphic model, if unanimously, showing that current stratigraphic model is reliable.
It is the calculating of water saturation below.Using above-mentioned foundation stratigraphic model by resistivity carry out bed boundary or
Say that country rock and investigation depth influence correction, to obtain quasi- true formation resistivity Rzt.Country rock refers at the top of reservoir and bottom
Part, interface refer to the position of top country rock and reservoir contact.Using this value, and the Archie formula (2) of water saturation is combined,
The calculating that can carry out water saturation SWT and oil saturation SWOT, is shown in attached drawing 8.
SWOT=100-SWT (3)
In formula：A be lithology factor related with lithology, generally 0.6~1.5；M is cementation factor, generally 1.5~3；
N is saturation exponent, 1.5~2.2；Rw is formation water resistivity, Ω m；Por is porosity, decimal；SWT indicates aqueous full
And degree, %, SWOT indicate oil saturation, %.
Below by certain by taking certain oilfield horizontal well as an example, as shown in figure 9, establishing the two-dimensional interpretation of horizontal segment by the above method
Section, explanation results are shown.Cause investigation depth higher when wellbore does not drill close to reservoir top bottom interface in this well section
The variation of double-induction resistance rate is apparent, and difference between the two becomes larger, and school is carried out to resistivity stratigraphic model designed by the invention
After just, water saturation secondary calculating result shows that this well water saturation is higher, the result of calculation higher than before, with formation testing knot
Fruit is more consistent, and accumulates oil-producing 13.69t, production water 1410t.
It should be understood that disclosed embodiment of this invention is not limited to specific structure disclosed herein, processing step,
And the equivalent substitute for these features that those of ordinary skill in the related art are understood should be extended to.It is to be further understood that
Term as used herein is used only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and is not intended to limit.
" one embodiment " or " embodiment " mentioned in specification means the special characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments, structure
Or characteristic includes at least one embodiment of the present invention.Therefore, the phrase " reality that specification various places throughout occurs
Apply example " or " embodiment " the same embodiment might not be referred both to.
For convenience, multiple projects, structural unit, component units and/or material as used herein may alternatively appear in common column
In table.However, these lists should be interpreted that each element in the list is respectively identified as independent unique member.Therefore, exist
In the case of not having reverse side explanation, no one of list member, which can be based only upon them and appear in common list, just to be explained
For the practical equivalent of any other member of same list.In addition, herein can also be together with the replacement for each element
Come with reference to various embodiments of the present invention and example.It should be understood that these embodiments, example and replacement are not construed as that
This equivalent, and it is considered as the independent autonomous representative of the present invention.
Although above-mentioned example is used to illustrate principle of the present invention in one or more application, for the technology of this field
For personnel, without departing substantially from the principle of the present invention and thought, hence it is evident that can in form, the details of usage and implementation
It is upper that various modifications may be made and does not have to make the creative labor.Therefore, the present invention is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of method for explaining and evaluating horizontal wellbore logging parameter, which is characterized in that the described method comprises the following steps：
S101, stratigraphic model is established using the log for leading a well or neighbouring straight well of horizontal well, with the survey based on straight well
Well interpretative rule determines the target zone and reference lamina leading a well or close on straight well；
S102, the well track that horizontal well is calculated and showed using drilling parameter, will be to be explained based on the drilling parameter
The log of horizontal well carries out horizontal and vertical projection；
S103, the stratigraphic model established and the seismic profile data being obtained ahead of time are imported in horizontal well, based on determining mesh
Layer or reference lamina match to adjust the horizontal segment seismic signature of the stratigraphic model and the seismic profile, to meet wellbore
The contact relation response characteristic of track and reservoir；
S104, it marks off the offset well by analyzing offset well or leading the logging response character of a well or leads drilling strata circle for well
Face, and as constraint, whether the logging response character for analyzing the horizontal segment occurs significant change, will if it is occur bright
The point of aobvious variation is identified as the interface key point of the horizontal segment；
S105, the adjustment stratigraphic model are matched with practical logging curve so that the model and actual geologic feature
Meet；
The response characteristic of S106, artifical resistance rate, and carry out comparison with the double-induction resistance rate actually measured and judge whether unanimously,
Return to step S105 continues to adjust the stratigraphic model until the double-induction resistance rate that obtains with actually measure if inconsistent
Consistent artifical resistance rate, and log parameter is explained and evaluated based on the stratigraphic model finally obtained.
2. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the method is further comprising the steps of：
S107, the correction influenced based on bed boundary and investigation depth is carried out on resistivity, to obtain quasi- true formation resistivity, and
Water saturation and oil saturation are calculated according to the true resistivity.
3. method as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the method will also be held before executing the step S107
Row following steps：
Judge resistivity response variation whether more than a threshold value；
If it does, then carrying out the response simulation of the resistivity under Anisotropic Condition；
Vertical resistivity value is set, and a resistivity curve is fitted simultaneously with horizontal direction resistivity；
The resistivity value of the resistivity curve and actual measurement is compared；
The result of comparison is if it is inconsistent, adjust the stratigraphic model, if unanimously, showing that current stratigraphic model is can
It leans on.
4. method as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the horizontal resistivity is led a well or described faced by described
The log parameter of nearly straight well obtains, and meets following relationship between the vertical resistivity and the horizontal direction resistivity：
Wherein, Rv and Rh indicates vertical resistivity and horizontal direction resistivity respectively.
5. method as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that calculate water saturation using following formula：
A is lithology factor related with lithology；M is cementation factor；N is saturation exponent；Rw indicates formation water resistivity；Por
Indicate porosity；SWT indicates water saturation；RZTIndicate quasi- true formation resistivity.
6. the method as described in any one of claim 1-5, which is characterized in that when executing in step S104, if according to
It is consistent that logging response character finds each drilling strata, and stratigraphic model is significantly different, then according to the earthquake information in the region come
It is comprehensive to choose the stratigraphic model.
7. the method as described in any one of claim 1-5, which is characterized in that the log includes natural gamma song
Line, sound wave curve, resistivity curve.
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