CN104212436A - 一种用于混合水压裂的压裂液 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于混合水压裂的压裂液;该压裂液由0.05-0.50%稠化剂、0.02-0.15%悬砂能力增强剂、0.05-0.20%减阻剂、0.30~1.00%粘土稳定剂、0.30~1.00%助排剂、0.05~0.20%杀菌剂和0.01~0.10%破胶剂组成;该压裂液粘度低,流动性好,悬砂能力强,与胍胶压裂液相比,静态沉砂速率降低30%以上,该压裂液在过硫酸铵作用下可彻底破胶,破胶液粘度小于5mPa.s,表面张力小于25mN/m,利于储层保护。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及油田油水井增产技术领域,特别涉及一种用于混合水压裂的压裂液。
背景技术
水力压裂是低渗透油气田有效开发的主要措施,近年来由于体积压裂理念的成功运用,国内外就此展开了深入的研究,取得了一系列技术进步,其中混合水压裂技术就是其中一种。该技术主要经历了4个发展历程:上世纪80年代以清水压裂为主;上世纪90年代过渡为滑溜水压裂;本世纪初,发展成为混合水压裂;目前主要采用水平井多段+混合水压裂技术。其中混合水压裂技术主要针对天然裂缝发育、岩石脆性指数高的致密储层,通过采用“大液量、大砂量、高排量、低砂比”及滑溜水与冻胶交替注入,提高裂缝导流能力,开启天然裂缝并进行有效支撑,形成网状缝,扩大泄流体积。
该技术所需要的滑溜水和基液一般采用胍胶进行配制,但是未交联的瓜胶基液携砂能力不够理想,以0.35%胍胶为例,静态沉砂速率达到2.5cm/s以上。另外滑溜水虽然稠化剂浓度低,但所需总量往往是普通压裂工艺的数倍,造成稠化剂用量大,在目前国际胍胶期货价格高涨的环境下,给油田低成本开发增加了额外的材料成本。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种用于混合水压裂的压裂液,用于低渗透油气藏的混合水压裂改造,能够有效地提高砂比,同时降低开发成本。
本发明所述的用于混合水压裂的压裂液,由以下组成按重量100%混合而成:
其中:
稠化剂为海藻胶,用于提高压裂液的粘度,降低滤失量。具体加量根据储层参数确定。
悬砂能力增强剂为可降解纤维,用于在压裂液中形成空间阻碍,降低支撑剂沉降速率,提高压裂液携砂效率,同时能够降低滤失,促进破胶。具体加量根据工程方案参数确定。
减阻剂为聚乙二醇、聚环氧乙烷或聚丙烯酰胺,用于降低基液摩阻,降低高排量下的施工压力。具体加量根据储层物性条件和工程方案参数确定。
粘土稳定剂为氯化钾、氯化钠、氯化铵、二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵、环氧丙基三甲基氯化铵、长庆化工集团生产的COP-1或其他同类产品。根据储层粘土类型和含量选定种类和加量。
助排剂为长庆化工集团生产的CF-5C、CF-5D,或其他同类产品。根据储层状况选定种类和加量。
杀菌剂为戊二醛、十二烷基二甲基氯化铵、长庆化工集团生产的CJSJ-2、CJSJ-3或其他同类产品。根据区域水质和细菌类型选定种类和加量。
破胶剂为过硫酸铵或生物酶破胶剂。
本发明的有益效果:
本发明所述的用于混合水压裂的压裂液,具有粘度低,流动性好,悬砂能力强,与胍胶压裂液相比,静态沉砂速率降低30%以上。该压裂液在过硫酸铵作用下可彻底破胶,破胶液粘度小于5mPa.s,表面张力小于25mN/m,利于储层保护。
具体实施方式
实施例1
配方:
采用长庆油田某井现场水样(水型:Na2SO4,矿化度:715mg/L)做为配液水,按上述配方使用混调器配制压裂液基液1000mL,加料顺序为CJSJ-3、海藻胶、聚乙二醇、可降解纤维、COP-1、CF-5D,倒入烧杯后每5min监测粘度,待粘度值稳定后记录为溶胀时间,接着展开悬砂、破胶和返排性能测试。具体结果如表1,并完成了性能评价,性能指标如表1所示。
结果表明,该压裂液基液具有溶胀迅速、粘度低、携砂能力强的特点,压后破胶迅速彻底,破胶液表界面张力低,完全满足混合水压裂滑溜水的性能指标。
表1体系性能评价结果
评价指标 | 测试结果 | 评价指标 | 测试结果 |
基液溶胀时间,min | 25 | 基液pH值 | 8 |
基液表观粘度,mPa.s | 6 | 静态沉砂速率,cm/s | 1.6 |
破胶时间,min | 150 | 破胶液表观粘度,mPa.s | 2.8 |
破胶液表面张力,mN/m | 24.6 | 破胶液界面张力,mN/m | 1.7 |
实施例2
配方:
采用长庆油田某井现场水样(水型:Na2SO4,矿化度:715mg/L)做为配液水,按上述配方使用混调器配制压裂液基液1000mL,加料顺序为CJSJ-3、海藻胶、聚乙二醇、可降解纤维、COP-1、CF-5D,倒入烧杯后每5min监测粘度,待粘度值稳定后记录为溶胀时间,接着展开悬砂、破胶和返排性能测试。具体结果如表1,并完成了性能评价,性能指标如表2所示。
结果表明,该压裂液基液具有溶胀迅速、粘度低、携砂能力强的特点,压后破胶迅速彻底,破胶液表界面张力低,完全满足混合水压裂携砂液的性能指标。
表2体系性能评价结果
评价指标 | 测试结果 | 评价指标 | 测试结果 |
基液溶胀时间,min | 35 | 基液pH值 | 8 |
基液表观粘度,mPa.s | 31.5 | 静态沉砂速率,cm/s | 0.4 |
破胶时间,min | 120 | 破胶液表观粘度,mPa.s | 3.1 |
破胶液表面张力,mN/m | 24.7 | 破胶液界面张力,mN/m | 1.9 |
实施例3
配方:
采用长庆油田某井现场水样(水型:Na2SO4,矿化度:1013mg/L)做为配液水,按上述配方使用混调器配制压裂液基液1000mL,加料顺序为CJSJ-3、海藻胶、聚乙二醇、可降解纤维、COP-1、CF-5D,倒入烧杯后每5min监测粘度,待粘度值稳定后记录为溶胀时间,接着展开悬砂、破胶和返排性能测试。具体结果如表1,并完成了性能评价,性能指标如表3所示。
结果表明,该压裂液基液具有溶胀迅速、粘度低、携砂能力强的特点,压后破胶迅速彻底,破胶液表界面张力低,完全满足混合水压裂携砂液的性能指标。
表3体系性能评价结果
评价指标 | 测试结果 | 评价指标 | 测试结果 |
基液溶胀时间,min | 40 | 基液pH值 | 8 |
基液表观粘度,mPa.s | 36 | 静态沉砂速率,cm/s | 0.3 |
破胶时间,min | 150 | 破胶液表观粘度,mPa.s | 3.1 |
破胶液表面张力,mN/m | 24.9 | 破胶液界面张力,mN/m | 1.8 |
Claims (8)
1.一种用于混合水压裂的压裂液,其特征在于:由以下组成按重量100%混合而成:
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于混合水压裂的压裂液,其特征在于:稠化剂为海藻胶。
3.根据权利要求1所述的用于混合水压裂的压裂液,其特征在于:悬砂能力增强剂为可降解纤维。
4.根据权利要求1所述的用于混合水压裂的压裂液,其特征在于:减阻剂为聚乙二醇、聚环氧乙烷或聚丙烯酰胺。
5.根据权利要求1所述的用于混合水压裂的压裂液,其特征在于:粘土稳定剂为氯化钾、氯化钠、氯化铵、二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵、环氧丙基三甲基氯化铵、长庆化工集团生产的COP-1或其他同类产品。
6.根据权利要求1所述的混合水压裂用压裂液,其特征在于:助排剂为长庆化工集团生产的CF-5C、CF-5D,或其他同类产品。
7.根据权利要求1所述的用于混合水压裂的压裂液,其特征在于:杀菌剂为戊二醛、十二烷基二甲基氯化铵、长庆化工集团生产的CJSJ-2、CJSJ-3或其他同类产品。
8.根据权利要求1所述的用于混合水压裂的压裂液,其特征在于:破胶剂为过硫酸铵或生物酶破胶剂。
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Cited By (5)
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CN104946229A (zh) * | 2015-05-29 | 2015-09-30 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | 用于纤维压裂液的复合增效剂及其制备方法与使用方法 |
CN110295036A (zh) * | 2019-06-14 | 2019-10-01 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | 一种中高温致密储层用滑溜水压裂液及其制备方法 |
CN111378424A (zh) * | 2020-03-25 | 2020-07-07 | 大庆油田有限责任公司 | 一种可连续携砂滑溜水体系 |
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CN104564007A (zh) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-04-29 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | 非裂缝性致密砂泥岩储层直井缝网压裂工艺 |
CN104564007B (zh) * | 2014-12-30 | 2017-06-23 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | 非裂缝性致密砂泥岩储层直井缝网压裂工艺 |
CN104946229A (zh) * | 2015-05-29 | 2015-09-30 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | 用于纤维压裂液的复合增效剂及其制备方法与使用方法 |
CN110295036A (zh) * | 2019-06-14 | 2019-10-01 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | 一种中高温致密储层用滑溜水压裂液及其制备方法 |
CN111378424A (zh) * | 2020-03-25 | 2020-07-07 | 大庆油田有限责任公司 | 一种可连续携砂滑溜水体系 |
US11781062B1 (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2023-10-10 | Southwest Petroleum University | Bionics-based efficiently transported and packed proppant and preparation method thereof |
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