CN104212436A - 一种用于混合水压裂的压裂液 - Google Patents

一种用于混合水压裂的压裂液 Download PDF

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CN104212436A
CN104212436A CN201310220182.9A CN201310220182A CN104212436A CN 104212436 A CN104212436 A CN 104212436A CN 201310220182 A CN201310220182 A CN 201310220182A CN 104212436 A CN104212436 A CN 104212436A
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mixing water
water pressure
pressure break
fracturing liquid
fracturing
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常彦荣
朱天寿
沈复孝
陆红军
陈宝春
李建山
李楷
白晓虎
常笃
段鹏辉
张同伍
何衡
姬振宁
刘静
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China Petroleum and Natural Gas Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于混合水压裂的压裂液；该压裂液由0.05-0.50%稠化剂、0.02-0.15%悬砂能力增强剂、0.05-0.20%减阻剂、0.30～1.00%粘土稳定剂、0.30～1.00%助排剂、0.05～0.20%杀菌剂和0.01～0.10%破胶剂组成；该压裂液粘度低，流动性好，悬砂能力强，与胍胶压裂液相比，静态沉砂速率降低30%以上，该压裂液在过硫酸铵作用下可彻底破胶，破胶液粘度小于5mPa.s，表面张力小于25mN/m，利于储层保护。

Description

一种用于混合水压裂的压裂液
技术领域
本发明涉及油田油水井增产技术领域，特别涉及一种用于混合水压裂的压裂液。
背景技术
水力压裂是低渗透油气田有效开发的主要措施，近年来由于体积压裂理念的成功运用，国内外就此展开了深入的研究，取得了一系列技术进步，其中混合水压裂技术就是其中一种。该技术主要经历了4个发展历程：上世纪80年代以清水压裂为主；上世纪90年代过渡为滑溜水压裂；本世纪初，发展成为混合水压裂；目前主要采用水平井多段+混合水压裂技术。其中混合水压裂技术主要针对天然裂缝发育、岩石脆性指数高的致密储层，通过采用“大液量、大砂量、高排量、低砂比”及滑溜水与冻胶交替注入，提高裂缝导流能力，开启天然裂缝并进行有效支撑，形成网状缝，扩大泄流体积。
该技术所需要的滑溜水和基液一般采用胍胶进行配制，但是未交联的瓜胶基液携砂能力不够理想，以0.35%胍胶为例，静态沉砂速率达到2.5cm/s以上。另外滑溜水虽然稠化剂浓度低，但所需总量往往是普通压裂工艺的数倍，造成稠化剂用量大，在目前国际胍胶期货价格高涨的环境下，给油田低成本开发增加了额外的材料成本。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种用于混合水压裂的压裂液，用于低渗透油气藏的混合水压裂改造，能够有效地提高砂比，同时降低开发成本。
本发明所述的用于混合水压裂的压裂液，由以下组成按重量100%混合而成：
其中：
稠化剂为海藻胶，用于提高压裂液的粘度，降低滤失量。具体加量根据储层参数确定。
悬砂能力增强剂为可降解纤维，用于在压裂液中形成空间阻碍，降低支撑剂沉降速率，提高压裂液携砂效率，同时能够降低滤失，促进破胶。具体加量根据工程方案参数确定。
减阻剂为聚乙二醇、聚环氧乙烷或聚丙烯酰胺，用于降低基液摩阻，降低高排量下的施工压力。具体加量根据储层物性条件和工程方案参数确定。
粘土稳定剂为氯化钾、氯化钠、氯化铵、二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵、环氧丙基三甲基氯化铵、长庆化工集团生产的COP-1或其他同类产品。根据储层粘土类型和含量选定种类和加量。
助排剂为长庆化工集团生产的CF-5C、CF-5D，或其他同类产品。根据储层状况选定种类和加量。
杀菌剂为戊二醛、十二烷基二甲基氯化铵、长庆化工集团生产的CJSJ-2、CJSJ-3或其他同类产品。根据区域水质和细菌类型选定种类和加量。
破胶剂为过硫酸铵或生物酶破胶剂。
本发明的有益效果：
本发明所述的用于混合水压裂的压裂液，具有粘度低，流动性好，悬砂能力强，与胍胶压裂液相比，静态沉砂速率降低30%以上。该压裂液在过硫酸铵作用下可彻底破胶，破胶液粘度小于5mPa.s，表面张力小于25mN/m，利于储层保护。
具体实施方式
实施例1
配方：
采用长庆油田某井现场水样（水型：Na2SO4，矿化度：715mg/L）做为配液水，按上述配方使用混调器配制压裂液基液1000mL，加料顺序为CJSJ-3、海藻胶、聚乙二醇、可降解纤维、COP-1、CF-5D，倒入烧杯后每5min监测粘度，待粘度值稳定后记录为溶胀时间，接着展开悬砂、破胶和返排性能测试。具体结果如表1，并完成了性能评价，性能指标如表1所示。
结果表明，该压裂液基液具有溶胀迅速、粘度低、携砂能力强的特点，压后破胶迅速彻底，破胶液表界面张力低，完全满足混合水压裂滑溜水的性能指标。
表1体系性能评价结果
评价指标 测试结果 评价指标 测试结果
基液溶胀时间，min 25 基液pH值 8
基液表观粘度，mPa.s 6 静态沉砂速率，cm/s 1.6
破胶时间，min 150 破胶液表观粘度，mPa.s 2.8
破胶液表面张力，mN/m 24.6 破胶液界面张力，mN/m 1.7
实施例2
配方：
采用长庆油田某井现场水样（水型：Na2SO4，矿化度：715mg/L）做为配液水，按上述配方使用混调器配制压裂液基液1000mL，加料顺序为CJSJ-3、海藻胶、聚乙二醇、可降解纤维、COP-1、CF-5D，倒入烧杯后每5min监测粘度，待粘度值稳定后记录为溶胀时间，接着展开悬砂、破胶和返排性能测试。具体结果如表1，并完成了性能评价，性能指标如表2所示。
结果表明，该压裂液基液具有溶胀迅速、粘度低、携砂能力强的特点，压后破胶迅速彻底，破胶液表界面张力低，完全满足混合水压裂携砂液的性能指标。
表2体系性能评价结果
评价指标 测试结果 评价指标 测试结果
基液溶胀时间，min 35 基液pH值 8
基液表观粘度，mPa.s 31.5 静态沉砂速率，cm/s 0.4
破胶时间，min 120 破胶液表观粘度，mPa.s 3.1
破胶液表面张力，mN/m 24.7 破胶液界面张力，mN/m 1.9
实施例3
配方：
采用长庆油田某井现场水样（水型：Na2SO4，矿化度：1013mg/L）做为配液水，按上述配方使用混调器配制压裂液基液1000mL，加料顺序为CJSJ-3、海藻胶、聚乙二醇、可降解纤维、COP-1、CF-5D，倒入烧杯后每5min监测粘度，待粘度值稳定后记录为溶胀时间，接着展开悬砂、破胶和返排性能测试。具体结果如表1，并完成了性能评价，性能指标如表3所示。
结果表明，该压裂液基液具有溶胀迅速、粘度低、携砂能力强的特点，压后破胶迅速彻底，破胶液表界面张力低，完全满足混合水压裂携砂液的性能指标。
表3体系性能评价结果
评价指标 测试结果 评价指标 测试结果
基液溶胀时间，min 40 基液pH值 8
基液表观粘度，mPa.s 36 静态沉砂速率，cm/s 0.3
破胶时间，min 150 破胶液表观粘度，mPa.s 3.1
破胶液表面张力，mN/m 24.9 破胶液界面张力，mN/m 1.8

Claims (8)

1.一种用于混合水压裂的压裂液，其特征在于：由以下组成按重量100%混合而成：
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于混合水压裂的压裂液，其特征在于：稠化剂为海藻胶。
3.根据权利要求1所述的用于混合水压裂的压裂液，其特征在于：悬砂能力增强剂为可降解纤维。
4.根据权利要求1所述的用于混合水压裂的压裂液，其特征在于：减阻剂为聚乙二醇、聚环氧乙烷或聚丙烯酰胺。
5.根据权利要求1所述的用于混合水压裂的压裂液，其特征在于：粘土稳定剂为氯化钾、氯化钠、氯化铵、二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵、环氧丙基三甲基氯化铵、长庆化工集团生产的COP-1或其他同类产品。
6.根据权利要求1所述的混合水压裂用压裂液，其特征在于：助排剂为长庆化工集团生产的CF-5C、CF-5D，或其他同类产品。
7.根据权利要求1所述的用于混合水压裂的压裂液，其特征在于：杀菌剂为戊二醛、十二烷基二甲基氯化铵、长庆化工集团生产的CJSJ-2、CJSJ-3或其他同类产品。
8.根据权利要求1所述的用于混合水压裂的压裂液，其特征在于：破胶剂为过硫酸铵或生物酶破胶剂。
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CN104564007A (zh) * 2014-12-30 2015-04-29 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 非裂缝性致密砂泥岩储层直井缝网压裂工艺
CN104946229A (zh) * 2015-05-29 2015-09-30 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 用于纤维压裂液的复合增效剂及其制备方法与使用方法
CN110295036A (zh) * 2019-06-14 2019-10-01 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 一种中高温致密储层用滑溜水压裂液及其制备方法
CN111378424A (zh) * 2020-03-25 2020-07-07 大庆油田有限责任公司 一种可连续携砂滑溜水体系
US11781062B1 (en) * 2022-05-20 2023-10-10 Southwest Petroleum University Bionics-based efficiently transported and packed proppant and preparation method thereof

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Cited By (6)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104564007A (zh) * 2014-12-30 2015-04-29 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 非裂缝性致密砂泥岩储层直井缝网压裂工艺
CN104564007B (zh) * 2014-12-30 2017-06-23 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 非裂缝性致密砂泥岩储层直井缝网压裂工艺
CN104946229A (zh) * 2015-05-29 2015-09-30 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 用于纤维压裂液的复合增效剂及其制备方法与使用方法
CN110295036A (zh) * 2019-06-14 2019-10-01 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 一种中高温致密储层用滑溜水压裂液及其制备方法
CN111378424A (zh) * 2020-03-25 2020-07-07 大庆油田有限责任公司 一种可连续携砂滑溜水体系
US11781062B1 (en) * 2022-05-20 2023-10-10 Southwest Petroleum University Bionics-based efficiently transported and packed proppant and preparation method thereof

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