CN104201691A - Method and system for controlling reactive power optimization - Google Patents
Method and system for controlling reactive power optimization Download PDFInfo
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- CN104201691A CN104201691A CN201410383572.2A CN201410383572A CN104201691A CN 104201691 A CN104201691 A CN 104201691A CN 201410383572 A CN201410383572 A CN 201410383572A CN 104201691 A CN104201691 A CN 104201691A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method and a system for controlling reactive power optimization, wherein a reactive power on-site balance in an area range which is as small as possible is realized; a model is constructed to minimize reactive power transmission of each branch in the area; self-adaptive selection, and coordinate and cooperative execution for control modes are carried out; the upper limit values and the lower limit values of two variables, that is an actually-measured voltage and a reactive power are set, so as to realize nine-zone diagram control. On the basis of the method and the system disclosed by the invention, a regional power grid meets corresponding optimal control targets that safe, high-quality, economic and multi-control-target decomposition coordination for a power system is realized, the safety, stability and qualification of the reactive voltage of the power grid are realized, and reactive power distribution meets layer-dividing and zone-dividing balance to the greatest extent on the basis of the previous two targets, so as to reduce grid losses.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to intelligent grid field, particularly a kind of power-less optimized controlling method and system.
Background technology
Along with electrical network scale expands gradually, some basic functions have increased maintenance work and monitoring difficulty gradually.Existing dispatching patcher operation monitoring function has very large limitation, and one of them performance is idle work optimization control (AVC) aspect.
Analyze from electric power system tide physical significance, system frequency is to weigh unique index of electric power system active balance, is that the whole network is unified.Comparatively speaking, power system reactive power balance influence system voltage quality, but busbar voltage monitoring point quantity is many and dispersion, voltage power-less control appliance quantity are large, is distributed in the electrical network of different levels, has the feature of Decentralized Autonomous.The power system reactive power trend of Optimal State distributes should meet level high lower leaf partition balancing principle, that is:
1) possesses sufficient reactive power source, the level high that power system operation is being allowed;
2) accomplish each electric pressure Reactive Power Balance as far as possible, avoid High-Voltage Network to carry reactive power excessive, be beneficial to and improve transmitted power factor;
3) the idle distance of should not growing is carried, each electric pressure network internal is idle even in-situ balancing of subregion as far as possible, reduce via net loss, it is worth emphasizing that, this principle also shows, it is far from being enough that voltage power-less control only makes the idle balance that reaches in total amount, must make balance preferably be met on the spot or in as far as possible little scope;
4) locality of reactive balance and dispersed determined AVC control must take layering and zoning spatially decoupled control program, and also carry out in time decoupling zero, AVC is controlled can cooperation be carried out in order, avoids controlling producing voltage power-less fluctuation or vibrating.
But, existing AVC strategy is difficult to meet above-mentioned requirements, Shortcomings all aspect intelligent, advanced, security reliability, these deficiencies have not only limited actual effect and the technical development of technology support system operation, and have a certain distance for meeting the needs that electrical network further develops.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of power-less optimized controlling method and system, can be in conjunction with electrical network feature, improving AVC historical events preserves and AVC statistical report form automatic generation function, and solution AVC is in the problem of actual motion, the further optimal control of Optimal Reactive Power voltage, improves the quality of power supply, reduces the wastage, alleviate monitor staff's pressure regulation labour intensity, meet level high lower leaf partition balancing principle.
In order to achieve the above object, a technical scheme of the present invention is to provide a kind of power-less optimized controlling method, by each plant stand in area power grid, and the combination being formed by several adjacent plant stands, be divided into respectively corresponding region, the reactive apparatus in region is controlled;
Build corresponding model, meet limit value with busbar voltage, critical point power factor is qualified is constraints, asks for the minimum value of following target function, and the idle transmission of every branch road in each region is minimized:
min∑(PR+QX)/U
Wherein, R is line resistance, and X is line reactance, and P is for carrying active power, and Q is for carrying reactive power, and U is busbar voltage.
Alternatively, in the time that the first area at single plant stand place cannot meet idle in-situ balancing, the reactive apparatus in the second area at the combination place being formed by this plant stand and adjacent plant stand thereof is controlled, so that second area meets idle in-situ balancing.
Alternatively, the switching of regional inner capacitor is controlled, adjusted increase or the minimizing of idle injection on load side bus; Voltage up-down to load tap changer in each region is controlled, and adjusts the reactive power flow of this transformer branch road.
Alternatively, carry out region voltage control, the reactive apparatus of region hinge plant stand is controlled, carry out bus colony voltage levvl in correcting area;
Or, carry out voltage control on the spot, control on the spot reactive apparatus by each plant stand in region and respond change in voltage on the spot;
Or, carry out the idle control in region, to generator reactive exert oneself, capacitor switching, load tap changer lifting coordinate to control, so that the whole network voltage levvl is the highest, line reactive power is minimum, network loss reduces.
Alternatively, be the transformer station in region, set actual measurement voltage and these two variablees of reactive power upper lower limit value separately, voltage and idle plane are divided into nine controlled areas, to the wherein corresponding control of adjustment implementation of capacitor and main transformer voltage gear;
Wherein, idle upper lower limit value arranges by following any one pattern, comprises:
Carry out power factor method, convert out idle upper lower limit value by power factor limit value and current active power;
Carry out capacitance Commutation Law, set the certain coefficient that allows Dao Songben transformer station maximum capacitor capacity, and set the certain coefficient that allows to absorb at most this transformer station maximum capacitor capacity, as idle upper lower limit value;
Be fixed reactive limit value method, artificially set a pair of fixing idle upper lower limit value;
Carry out automatic back-and-forth method, preferentially adopt power factor method, automatically switch to capacitance Commutation Law in the light hours, automatically select idle upper lower limit value by meritorious lower bound threshold value.
Alternatively, for Over High-Limit Voltage and without merits and demerits mend the first controlled area, first cut capacitor, after transformer gear falls;
For the second controlled area of Over High-Limit Voltage only, transformer gear first falls, after cut capacitor;
For Over High-Limit Voltage and idle owe mend the 3rd controlled area, transformer gear first falls, after cut capacitor;
For qualified and idle the 4th controlled area of owing benefit of voltage, only throw capacitor;
Get over lower limit and idle the 5th controlled area of owing benefit for voltage, first throw capacitor, the rear transformer gear that rises;
For the 6th controlled area that only voltage is got over lower limit, first throw capacitor, the rear transformer gear that rises;
The 7th controlled area of getting over lower limit and mending without merits and demerits for voltage, first rises transformer gear, rear throwing capacitor;
For voltage the 8th controlled area qualified and that mend without merits and demerits, only cut capacitor;
For all qualified the 9th controlled areas of idle, voltage, do not need to adjust.
Another technical scheme of the present invention is to provide a kind of idle work optimization control system, wherein comprises:
Control unit, is used for realizing above-mentioned any one power-less optimized controlling method; On any non-server node of EMS system, configure described control unit and form AVC main frame;
Described AVC main frame, from the server of the SCADA system that signal connects with it, obtains the real time data of reactive apparatus in electrical network Nei Ge transformer station, for control unit analytical calculation;
Described AVC main frame, according to the analysis result of control unit, sends the control measure to reactive apparatus to operation center's work station that signal connects with it.
Alternatively, between the platform of described control unit and described SCADA system and EMS system, carry out data interaction by Remote Control Interface unit, meeting under the prerequisite of overhaul of the equipments or attribute for subsequent use or control cycle or action frequency restriction requirement, realize the remote control control to capacitor or load tap changer.
Alternatively, described idle work optimization control system, with main transformer or capacitor or bus or plant stand, or the event of this idle work optimization control system own, trigger the locking to corresponding reactive apparatus.
Alternatively, described idle work optimization set-up of control system has statistical query instrument, adds up and provide the inquiry of following data:
Action frequency, tripping number of times to main transformer and capacitor, be controlled to power and carry out action frequency statistics and inquiry;
Average voltage and qualification rate are carried out to busbar voltage statistics and inquiry;
Power factor mean value and qualification rate are carried out to main transformer power rate statistics and inquiry.
Compared with prior art, power-less optimized controlling method of the present invention and system, its advantage is:
Make area power grid meet corresponding optimal control target based on the present invention: to realize power system security, high-quality, economic multi-control object decomposition coordination, the safety and stability of reaching electric network reactive-load voltage is the primary target of controlling, secondly ensure that voltage is qualified, on the above two basis, make reactive power distribution meet hierarchical and regional balance, to reduce network loss as far as possible.
Based on reactive voltage locality and Chinese graded dispatching system, AVC uses for reference ripe grading control thought, large scale electric network is carried out to space-time decoupling zero the gradational coordination control of layering and zoning.Ground adjusts AVC system that powernet is dynamically divided into several electrical control regions, by maincenter busbar voltage in control area and interconnection trend, make that busbar voltage is qualified, line reactive power distributes and meets hierarchical and regional balance as far as possible, reaches the object that reduces network loss.
To adjust two-stage electrical network (to be generally 220kV main transformer) at critical point with economizing and carry out decoupling zero, utilize and economize ground tune AVC Coordinated Control, regulation and control critical point processed, ground reactive power exchange meets to economize adjusts real-time idle instruction or power factor performance assessment criteria, realize electric power system and send out the coordination up and down of the idle resource of the transmission & distribution overall situation, make full use of, fully excavate the control potentiality of idle resource in overall electrical network.
AVC system of the present invention, based on integrated design system, realizes data seamless and is connected, and is beneficial to the convenient effectively safety measure of considering enough; Network modelling and Verification complete and only need safeguard set of parameter automatically, share man-machine interface with EMS system, reduce maintenance workload; Reduce the transmission link of control command, ensure fluency and the reliability of control procedure; Based on reliable and stable, safe UNIX operating system, reduce grid unsafe factor; AVC system can be installed in EMS on the arbitrary node except server, convenient expansion, flexible configuration.
The greatly convenient statistics aspect the qualification rates such as action frequency, voltage, power rate of statistical function that the present invention is based on QT graphical interfaces, is used compared with aspect, and friendly man-machine interface is provided.The reactive limit value parameter model providing, can arrange flexibly, meets the demand that different plant stands are different.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of power-less optimized controlling method Zhong Jiu district figure of the present invention control;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of idle work optimization control system of the present invention.
Embodiment
In power-less optimized controlling method of the present invention, mainly comprise following aspect: area power grid region is divided, and realizes the idle in-situ balancing in as far as possible little regional extent; Build model so that in region the idle transmission of every branch road minimize; Adaptively selected, the cooperation of control model are carried out; Actual measurement voltage and idle two variable upper lower limit values are set, carry out nine district figure controls.
In S1, the present invention, according to the locality of reactive balance and dispersiveness, to the reactive layered subregion control of regional line voltage, make automatically to control spatially decoupling zero, and support the nested division of adaptive region.AVC layering and zoning algorithm is, changes according to network topology real-time tracking mode, centered by 220kV load-center substation, whole electrical network is divided into the very weak regional power grid of reactive voltage electrical couplings degree.To each regional power grid, idle taking " the nested balance in region " mode, pays the utmost attention to transformer station's in-situ balancing, considers if desired idle refluence and regional balance.
Particularly, the Minimum Area in the present invention after subregion is a plant stand, and maximum region is the whole network.For Optimal Reactive Power poised state, requirement must in as far as possible little region, (for example some plant stands b) make idle in-situ balancing in scope in AVC control, if this region is idle, in-situ balancing cannot be met, this regional extent is expanded to adjacent plant stand (regions of for example ab two stations or bc two station compositions), in this enlarged area, make the idle in-situ balancing that obtains; If still can not meet, continue to expand to the region (for example region of abc tri-station compositions) of the more plant stands that comprise mutual vicinity.
In S2, the present invention, build model with Grading And Zoning voltage control mode, realize and ensure quality of voltage, reduce idle transmission also and then the target of reduction network loss.The target that AVC controls is not directly pursued loss minimization, but reduces the idle transmission of every branch road in region, to this, is the minimum value of asking for target function by described model representation:
min∑(PR+QX)/U
Wherein, R is line resistance, and X is line reactance, and P is for carrying active power, and Q is for carrying reactive power, and U is busbar voltage; For making target function minimum, should make Q=0, U is near the upper limit;
Constraints: voltage meets limit value constraint, and critical point is idle or power factor is qualified.
Control variables: area power grid controllable device is capacitor and load tap changer.Capacitor and load tap changer are discrete variable, regulate every day number of times limited.The former injects idle to system, the latter can change reactive power distribution.
Known based on real-time sensitivity analysis, the throwing of control capacitor/cut, can control the idle injection of load side bus in electric power system (being considered as PQ bus), and the each PQ node voltage of the whole network is changed; If increasing (as dropped into capacitor), idle injection will make all load bus voltage of the whole network raise, the wherein voltage influence maximum to idle increment decanting point.Control on-load transformer tap changer and will change this transformer branch road reactive power flow, voltage rising side will absorb idle more, and the corresponding opposite side voltage that will make decreases.
Trend calculate in can adopt perturbation method to calculate the sensitivity between each state variable and control variables, can with formula calculate sensitivity compare.Perturbation method is exactly particularly to calculate one by one scanning is thrown/cut to capacitor, transformer lifting/lowering is scanned and is calculated, and form sensitivity two dimension factor table, is convenient to optimize and analyzes and expert knowledge library use.
Sensitivity two dimension factor table is as follows:
Known according to economic principle of differential pressure, calculate and have following formula for Branch Power Flow
Transmission losses: Δ P=R*P
2/ U2+R*Q
2/ U
2
Line drop: Δ U ≈ (P*R+Q*X)/U
Analyzing above-mentioned formula can draw: U is larger, and Q is less, and transmission losses and line drop are less, and when Q=0, circuit is idle, and branch is positioned at mid point just, and now Δ U is called economic pressure reduction.Economic principle of differential pressure is the quantificational expression of reactive layered partition balancing principle limiting condition under level high.
S3, the present invention are spatially decoupled and mix under the overall control scheme prerequisite of control time decoupling zero in layering and zoning, consider the time resolution characteristics of various control appliances, build various control pattern, various control models are adaptively selected according to the idle state virtual condition of line voltage, cooperation is carried out, and realize the expection control target that ensures quality of voltage and critical point power factor, reduces the idle transmission of circuit based on control model.The present invention builds different AVC control models on spatially decoupled basis, layering and zoning, and each control model is pressed response cycle decoupling zero in time.
In the present invention, mainly based on following three kinds of control models, different control models adopt corresponding control strategy:
One, region voltage control
Region colony voltage levvl is subject to region hinge plant stand reactive apparatus control effect, is the result of region entirety reactive balance.Determine region hinge plant stand in conjunction with sensitivity analysis division nested with adaptive region in real time.When reactive power distribution in region reasonable, but in region, voltage is generally when higher (low), regulate hinge plant stand reactive apparatus, can regulate number of times with the least possible control appliance, make in maximum magnitude voltage qualified or improve colony's voltage levvl, avoid in region many main transformers to regulate simultaneously simultaneously and caused vibration, the voltage-controlled optimization in feasible region.Preferably, carry out region voltage control tens of seconds, control area hinge plant stand voltage power-less equipment, bus colony voltage levvl in correction or optimization region.
Two, voltage control on the spot
From real-time sensitivity analysis, reactive apparatus control can be proofreaied and correct local voltage out-of-limit the soonest, most effectively on the spot.In plant stand, transformer and capacitor An Jiu district figure general principle are controlled at times.Voltage limit value is definite according to inverse regulation voltage rule, and peak period, lower voltage limit was higher, and low-valley interval upper voltage limit is on the low side, realizes inverse regulation voltage.Preferably, carry out voltage correction control tens of seconds, mainly control on the spot reactive apparatus by each plant stand and respond fast change in voltage on the spot.
Three, the idle control in region
When line voltage is qualified and after higher operation level, by reactive layered subregion even the optimization principles of in-situ balancing check that whether circuit idle transmission reasonable, calculate and determine that switching reactive compensator idlely on circuit flows, reduces line loss and regulate relevant voltage-target to reduce as far as possible by Real-time Power Flow sensitivity analysis.Preferably, carry out the idle control in region 5 minutes-15 minutes, comprehensive coordinate control generator reactive is exerted oneself, capacitive reactance device switching, load tap changer lifting, makes that the whole network voltage levvl is high as far as possible, line reactive power is minimum, reduce network loss.
Region is idle, and control also further comprises:
1) the idle benefit (deficiency) of owing in region, flow to region idle time bigger than normal, according to Real-time Power Flow sensitivity analysis, fall and damage the best plant stand of benefit and start to find and can drop into reactive apparatus from this regional compensation, make reactive power flow meet partition balancing in as far as possible little region, idle mobile minimum on circuit;
2) (having more than needed) mended without merits and demerits in region, while making the idle refluence in region, if this region does not allow idle refluence, according to Real-time Power Flow sensitivity analysis, start to find from the sensitiveest plant stand of this region excision capacitor correction reactive power constraints and can excise reactive apparatus, eliminate reactive power constraints.
Idle the exerting oneself of the reactive power compensators such as capacitor is non-continually varying, due to reasons such as load or burden without work variation and condenser capacity configurations, idlely in actual motion can not meet on the spot completely or hierarchical and regional balance, ensureing under the idle prerequisite not flowing backwards in critical point, region idle can sending between the each plant stand of electrical network in region.
Drop into or excision reactive apparatus may make voltage out-of-limit time, consider control combination action, adjust in advance main transformer separately as dropped into capacitor time, make to control rear voltage still in acceptability limit, but reduced the idle transmission of circuit.
In the present invention, automatically select control model according to the idle spatial distribution state of line voltage, control model priority is " region voltage control " > " voltage correction control " > " control that region is idle ".For example adopt " region voltage control ", Quick high group bulk voltage level when the low voltage of region; Under out-of-limit state, adopt " voltage correction control ", ensure that node voltage is qualified; When the whole network voltage is qualified, consider economical operation, adopt " control that region is idle ".
In S4, the present invention, control model construction method is followed reactive layered partition balancing optimization principles under level high, combines plant stand nine district's figure control principles distinct simple, reliable and region reactive balance the whole network harmony is good, the advantage that can realize global optimization.Coordination between control model preferentially ensures voltage and power factor constraint, and system losses are taken second place.Consider control action order problem by mode prioritization level and response cycle, avoid controlling toning or vibration.
Described nine district figure methods, according to substation operation mode, the control strategy forming to survey voltage and idle two variablees, instructs the adjustment of capacitor and main shift, ensures that voltage is qualified, reactive balance.The judgement of its logic is fixed voltage based on providing and idle upper lower limit value, and voltage and idle plane are divided into nine controlled areas as shown in Figure 1, takes different control strategies according to different operation areas.
Table 1 nine district figure method control strategies
| Sequence number | Regional location | State | Policy description |
| 1 | Region 1 | Over High-Limit Voltage, mends without merits and demerits | Preferentially cut electric capacity, after the position that lowers category |
| 2 | Region 2 | Over High-Limit Voltage | The position that preferentially lowers category, after cut electric capacity |
| 3 | Region 3 | Over High-Limit Voltage, idle owing mended | The position that preferentially lowers category, after cut electric capacity |
| 4 | Region 4 | Voltage is qualified, and idle owing mended | Throw electric capacity |
| 5 | Region 5 | Voltage is got over lower limit, and idle owing mended | The preferential electric capacity of throwing, after the position that upgrades |
| 6 | Region 6 | Voltage is got over lower limit | The preferential electric capacity of throwing, after the position that upgrades |
| 7 | Region 7 | Voltage is got over lower limit, mends without merits and demerits | The position that preferentially upgrades, rear throwing electric capacity |
| 8 | Region 8 | Voltage is qualified, mends without merits and demerits | Cut electric capacity |
| 9 | Region 9 | Qualified | Without strategy |
In the present invention, for adapting to the demand of the idle control of different plant stands, idle control parameter being carried out to flexible configuration, take station as unit, can reactive limit value be set by following four kinds of patterns:
Table 2 reactive limit value pattern
In the present invention, AVC design mixes control structure, make closed-loop control in time the idle state automatic synchronization of floating voltage carry out in order.If for example AVC detects voltage out-of-limit, form discrete event and drive and control, thereby formation control instruction give Remote Control Interface and carry out, guidance command acts on the electrical network of continuous operation, electrical network fill order form after new steady-state load flow distributes, can eliminate out-of-limit.Now the whole network voltage is qualified, starts region idle work optimization control, and reactive apparatus regulates and adopts sequence switching, in each cycle, only allows a switching action, ensures that so discrete control command acts on after electrical network, and electrical network forms new steady-state distribution trend if having time.In next cycle, AVC selects control model according to new flow state automatic decision, thereby progressively forces into optimization running status and can avoid controlling toning.
As shown in Figure 2, idle work optimization control system of the present invention, the control unit that contains above-mentioned AVC control strategy is configured on any non-server node of EMS system (EMS), form AVC main frame, and be its configuration secondary node (AVC standby host) stand-by heat each other, other node possesses function of browse as client, can be used as monitor management and views and emulates demonstration.AVC main frame divides level signal to be connected with AVC standby host with operation center's work station (double screen), SCADA (data acquisition and supervisor control) server.
AVC control strategy can be realized the unified control in multioperation center, and realizes information layered, operation sub-control.Configure the control unit of main AVC control strategy, need only on server, move, and unrestricted in multioperation center physically.An operation center can be considered a Physical Extents, but the responsible plant stand group of this operation center is often inconsistent by the plant stand group who carries out electrical partitioning centered by 220kV or 110kV plant stand with AVC system, and Physical Extents and electrical partitioning are inconsistent.AVC system configuration, in main website of control centre end, is first carried out electrical partitioning the analytical calculation of " soft " to electrical network, then adjusting measure is sent to the operation center of each Physical Extents.Operation center's work station is as the addressable AVC server of client, its visit information as AVC control measure, throw move back operation etc. only to this operation center under plant stand relevant, all the other power plant and substation's informations are screened and shield.
AVC control system of the present invention and SCADA/EMS system have unified support programs platform, as application and the integrated design of EMS platform of EMS system, obtain control model from PAS network modelling, obtain real-time data collection and carry out on-line analysis and calculating from SCADA, on-load voltage regulating device and reactive-load compensation equipment to electrical network Nei Ge electric substation are concentrated supervision, unified management and On-line Control, carry out network communication, data exchange, figure and device resource are shared, keep figure, the whole network consistency such as operation of power networks parameter, realize the operation of the whole network reactive Voltage Optimum Control loop,
Between AVC system and SCADA/EMS platform, by Remote Control Interface unit, carry out data seamless linking, reduce guidance command transmission link and grid unsafe factor, ensure automatically to control reliability, take into account automatic control fluency again.This Remote Control Interface unit is reliable for ensureing remote control security, adopts strictly screening, authentication mechanism, only allows capacitor switch or sub-connecting switch of transformer to carry out a distant place and automatically regulates, and other put whole lockings.For the unsuccessful sub-connecting switch of transformer of continuous several times remote control and capacitor, think its remote control down going channel fault, this equipment is done to automatic blocking processing.For capacitor switch, if only remote control is preset unsuccessful, again reinitialize immediately.
In AVC system of the present invention, the records such as plant stand, voltage monitoring point (bus), control appliance (capacitor, transformer) are defined by database model.When operation, AVC system is according to SCADA remote signalling information, change according to network topology real-time tracking power system operating mode, include but not limited to identify transformer whether paired running, identify annexation between any plant stand and carry out the nested division of adaptive region, realize dynamic partition verification, prevent the subregion mistake causing because of disconnecting link positional fault or other factors.
AVC system of the present invention is directly carried out remote control to voltage power-less control appliance.For supporting major network voltage, the in the situation that of 220kV major network brownout, AVC system not only locking regulates 220kV main transformer tap, and for 110 and 35kV transformer station drop into capacitor as far as possible, forbid raising tap, idle from major network absorption, prevent from causing major network voltage collapse.
AVC system reads correlating markings from SCADA, determines controlled device current state electrical control attribute, carries out corresponding control: for example, and to repair apparatus automatic blocking; For example,, to warm standby On-line Control, to cold standby equipment automatic blocking.
In addition, AVC system need to consider that control command cycle and equipment control cycle comprehensively determine whether order issues, and prevent from controlling toning or too frequent: for example, main shift equipment control cycle is at least 2 minutes; After capacitor excision, used device control cycle is 5 minutes.The day action frequency limit value that also needs to consider equipment, automatic blocking equipment in the time reaching limit value, prevents from controlling number of times and frequently equipment is caused to damage.
For preventing circulation, AVC system replaces adjusting for transformer arranged side by side, makes transformer arranged side by side in same no-load voltage ratio, and operation sequencing can be set according to transformer capacity and content of operation.During for the main transformer paired running of gear Type-Inconsistencies, manually set gear corresponding states arranged side by side and operation sequencing, automatically adjust and make two main transformer gears arranged side by side consistent (being that no-load voltage ratio arranged side by side is consistent).Main transformer paired running, non-on-load voltage regulation of main transformer or locking, do not adjust side by side, avoids causing gear arranged side by side inconsistent.When the not partition running of 10kV bus, stand-by heat transformer gear is carried out to uniting and adjustment, while making changes of operating modes main transformer need paired running, its gear arranged side by side is consistent; Consider the restriction of limit gear, when gear be raised to the most high-grade when still needing to upgrade or dropping to deep low gear and still need to lower category, automatic blocking gear and change switched capacitor into.When capacitor is regulated, be unkitted the capacitor group arranged side by side of establishing current limiting reactor and do not allow switching simultaneously, and generally allow switching simultaneously, can manually arrange as required.Capacitor cycle switching side by side.
AVC system of the present invention, adopts Event triggered-catch mechanism.Regulate for transformer gear, for example,, earth pressure release too high in power transformer interior fault, overload, light and heavy gas action, main transformer oil temperature, or when differential protection action, the corresponding main transformer shunting switch of locking; In the time regulating sub-connecting switch of transformer, when once changing, voltage-regulation exceedes 2*step (step refers to that the high-end gear of transformer regulates the low side voltage variety once causing), or regulate a gear change to exceed 2 grades (thering is the transformer gear special processing in dead band separately), arbitrary condition meets and thinks main transformer slide piece, and the concurrent transformer of automatic blocking is anxious stops order.
Or, notch command issue but within the control command cycle gear unchanged or respective bus bars voltage is unchanged, arbitrary condition meets and judges main shift tripping.Double tripping is that double remote control is unsuccessful, automatic blocking main shift.Main transformer shunting switch pressure regulation operation failure when main transformer uniting and adjustment arranged side by side, while making gear arranged side by side inconsistent, can select in order following three kinds for the treatment of measures: to operate unsuccessful main transformer shunting switch send gear inconsistent, adjust gear control command, automatically gear is carried out to simultaneous operation; Or, successful operation shunting switch is recalled to original state, two main transformers of automatic blocking, and photos and sending messages and phonic warning; Or, prompting operations staff artificial treatment.
For capacitor protection action, will carry out " dual locking ", i.e. this capacitor of automatic blocking capacitor switch is put to Reflector, just can release after capacitor overhauls complete, removing Reflector; Capacitor remote control does not become, blocking capacitor of double tripping; In the time of automatic control state, capacitor hand-manipulated is automatic blocking, i.e. manual priority.
During for low-pressure side bus single-phase earthing, send out life excision capacitor automatic blocking bus; Busbar voltage measures while having big difference side by side, automatic blocking bus; Busbar voltage measures when not changing or exceeding specified scope (bad data), automatic blocking bus.
Do not refresh or electric network data unusual fluctuations for whole plant stand electric network data, by automatic blocking.Remote signalling preliminary treatment proposes alarm to suspicious switch tool remote signalling state, if switch tool belongs to factory's station equipment (logicalnot circuit switch tool), automatic blocking plant stand.Automatic blocking when plant stand operating mode exits, remote control remote regulating passage breaks down or platform occurs other fault.
When certain switch tool belongs to interconnection equipment, its status error may cause the whole network network topology and subregion mistake, AVC proceeds to suspended state and sends alarm (information and sound alarm), normal image data and the alarm of processing anomalous event, but do not give an order.Ensure whole AVC security of system.
The present invention is divided into " open loop ", " closed loop " and " supervision " to the control mode of controlled device, and can arrange system, plant stand, monitoring bus, voltage adjusting device classification, its priority is system > plant stand > monitoring bus > voltage adjusting device (main transformer parted hair or capacitor): open loop control, by AVC system, controlled device is carried out to analytical calculation, prompting person on duty operate on it.Closed-loop control, carries out analytical calculation by AVC system to controlled device, and to its control that directly says the word, does not need person on duty to confirm.Monitoring mode, AVC system is only carried out analytical calculation to controlled device, but can be to its control that directly says the word.
AVC control mode can flexible configurations, in plant stand access way, there is very strong flexibility and adaptability, can take open loop or close-loop control mode and obey classification rule is set to each equipment: for new access plant stand, first should be placed in open loop approach operation, optimize or confirm control program by person on duty's manual intervention, accessing again operation with closed ring after stable, correct until this plant stand, reliable.For the plant stand of operation with closed ring, under it, voltage adjusting device can determine open/close control mode according to virtual condition by person on duty.
In AVC system of the present invention, be provided with statistical query instrument, can inquire about:
The action frequency that capacitor switching and main transformer are transferred the files, comprise that artificial and AVC controls number of times, and AVC controls tripping number of times and is controlled to power.Capacitor switch remote signalling displacement and the main shift change events of statistics based on AVC record.
Can inquire about the rate of qualified voltage of different electric pressures.Can be by selecting plant stand inquire about to pay close attention to the rate of qualified voltage situation of plant stand, the electric pressure that also can choose concern at query context is inquired about the rate of qualified voltage of this electric pressure entirety.The voltage limit value of input can be directly installed to be added up.Statistics is based on OPEN3000 platform sampled data, for each electric pressure bus line voltage U ab.
Can inquire about the power factor at main transformer critical point, the upper limit of power factor and lower limit can be set, and statistics is meritorious and sampling data based on main transformer high-pressure side.System of the present invention, supports Query Result to preserve, and file acquiescence saves as .xls form, can use ftp instrument that file is transferred to this locality from work station, directly opens with excel.
In sum, power-less optimized controlling method of the present invention and system, utilize the data base tool of platform, openly provides multiple reactive limit value parameter that model is set, and meets the idle demand of different plant stands, and support the automatic switchover between various patterns.Warning expert control algolithm, further improves and improves transformer station's nine district figure control strategies, increases the control to transformer gear simultaneously, has increased control object, carries out better the coordination control of reactive voltage.Based on QT graphic interface tool, realize abundant AVC statistical query function, comprise the statistical query of number of equipment action, rate of qualified voltage, main transformer power factor etc., support the derivation of form simultaneously.
Although content of the present invention has been done detailed introduction by above preferred embodiment, will be appreciated that above-mentioned description should not be considered to limitation of the present invention.Read after foregoing those skilled in the art, for multiple amendment of the present invention and substitute will be all apparent.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be limited to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. a power-less optimized controlling method, is characterized in that,
By each plant stand in area power grid, and the combination being formed by several adjacent plant stands, be divided into respectively corresponding region, the reactive apparatus in region is controlled;
Build corresponding model, meet limit value with busbar voltage, critical point power factor is qualified is constraints, asks for the minimum value of following target function, and the idle transmission of every branch road in each region is minimized:
Wherein, R is line resistance, and X is line reactance, and P is for carrying active power, and Q is for carrying reactive power, and U is busbar voltage.
2. power-less optimized controlling method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that,
In the time that the first area at single plant stand place cannot meet idle in-situ balancing, the reactive apparatus in the second area at the combination place being formed by this plant stand and adjacent plant stand thereof is controlled, so that second area meets idle in-situ balancing.
3. power-less optimized controlling method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that,
Switching to regional inner capacitor is controlled, and adjusts increase or the minimizing of idle injection on load side bus; Voltage up-down to load tap changer in each region is controlled, and adjusts the reactive power flow of this transformer branch road.
4. power-less optimized controlling method as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, comprises:
Carry out region voltage control, the reactive apparatus of region hinge plant stand is controlled, carry out bus colony voltage levvl in correcting area;
Or, carry out voltage control on the spot, control on the spot reactive apparatus by each plant stand in region and respond change in voltage on the spot;
Or, carry out the idle control in region, to generator reactive exert oneself, capacitor switching, load tap changer lifting coordinate to control, so that the whole network voltage levvl is the highest, line reactive power is minimum, network loss reduces.
5. power-less optimized controlling method as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that,
For the transformer station in region, set actual measurement voltage and these two variablees of reactive power upper lower limit value separately, voltage and idle plane are divided into nine controlled areas, to the wherein corresponding control of adjustment implementation of capacitor and main transformer voltage gear;
Wherein, idle upper lower limit value arranges by following any one pattern, comprises:
Carry out power factor method, convert out idle upper lower limit value by power factor limit value and current active power;
Carry out capacitance Commutation Law, set the certain coefficient that allows Dao Songben transformer station maximum capacitor capacity, and set the certain coefficient that allows to absorb at most this transformer station maximum capacitor capacity, as idle upper lower limit value;
Be fixed reactive limit value method, artificially set a pair of fixing idle upper lower limit value;
Carry out automatic back-and-forth method, preferentially adopt power factor method, automatically switch to capacitance Commutation Law in the light hours, automatically select idle upper lower limit value by meritorious lower bound threshold value.
6. the power-less optimized controlling method of stating as claim 5, is characterized in that, in nine described controlled areas:
For Over High-Limit Voltage and without merits and demerits mend the first controlled area, first cut capacitor, after transformer gear falls;
For the second controlled area of Over High-Limit Voltage only, transformer gear first falls, after cut capacitor;
For Over High-Limit Voltage and idle owe mend the 3rd controlled area, transformer gear first falls, after cut capacitor;
For qualified and idle the 4th controlled area of owing benefit of voltage, only throw capacitor;
Get over lower limit and idle the 5th controlled area of owing benefit for voltage, first throw capacitor, the rear transformer gear that rises;
For the 6th controlled area that only voltage is got over lower limit, first throw capacitor, the rear transformer gear that rises;
The 7th controlled area of getting over lower limit and mending without merits and demerits for voltage, first rises transformer gear, rear throwing capacitor;
For voltage the 8th controlled area qualified and that mend without merits and demerits, only cut capacitor;
For all qualified the 9th controlled areas of idle, voltage, do not need to adjust.
7. an idle work optimization control system, is characterized in that, described idle work optimization control system comprises:
Control unit, is used for realizing as any one power-less optimized controlling method in claim 1 ~ 6; On any non-server node of EMS system, configure described control unit and form AVC main frame;
Described AVC main frame, from the server of the SCADA system that signal connects with it, obtains the real time data of reactive apparatus in electrical network Nei Ge transformer station, for control unit analytical calculation;
Described AVC main frame, according to the analysis result of control unit, sends the control measure to reactive apparatus to operation center's work station that signal connects with it.
8. idle work optimization control system as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that,
Between the platform of described control unit and described SCADA system and EMS system, carry out data interaction by Remote Control Interface unit, meeting under the prerequisite of overhaul of the equipments or attribute for subsequent use or control cycle or action frequency restriction requirement, realize the remote control control to capacitor or load tap changer.
9. idle work optimization control system as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that,
Described idle work optimization control system, with main transformer or capacitor or bus or plant stand, or the event of this idle work optimization control system own, trigger the locking to corresponding reactive apparatus.
10. idle work optimization control system as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that,
Described idle work optimization set-up of control system has statistical query instrument, adds up and provide the inquiry of following data:
Action frequency, tripping number of times to main transformer and capacitor, be controlled to power and carry out action frequency statistics and inquiry;
Average voltage and qualification rate are carried out to busbar voltage statistics and inquiry;
Power factor mean value and qualification rate are carried out to main transformer power rate statistics and inquiry.
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