CN104201548A - Kerr lens mode locking Ti (Titanium) sapphire laser unit of 488nm laser pumping - Google Patents
Kerr lens mode locking Ti (Titanium) sapphire laser unit of 488nm laser pumping Download PDFInfo
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- CN104201548A CN104201548A CN201410395807.XA CN201410395807A CN104201548A CN 104201548 A CN104201548 A CN 104201548A CN 201410395807 A CN201410395807 A CN 201410395807A CN 104201548 A CN104201548 A CN 104201548A
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Abstract
The invention provides a kerr lens mode locking Ti (Titanium) sapphire laser unit of a 488nm laser pumping. The laser unit is used for outputting the laser of kerr lens mode locking, and comprises a pumping source, a resonant cavity and a Ti sapphire laser crystal, wherein the pumping source is used for providing a pump laser and is an optical fiber laser of which the output wavelength is 488nm; the resonant cavity is defined by a plurality of optical elements, and is used for providing a return optical path, so as to form an oscillating laser in the resonant cavity; the Ti sapphire laser crystal is used as a gain medium and a kerr medium, and is arranged in the resonant cavity. When the pumping source is adopted, the laser unit needs to operate at the lower pumping power to realize the kerr lens mode locking Ti sapphire laser unit, generate a stable mode locking laser pulse of which the pulse width is less than 10fs, and low loss is endowed to the Ti sapphire laser unit. The pumping source is high in reliably and low in requirement of a servo system, the Ti sapphire laser unit is more compact in structure, cheaper in price and lower in noise, therefore, the application of the Ti sapphire laser unit in the fields of science and technology, industry and the like can be greatly promoted.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to laser technique field, particularly relate to a kind of kerr lens mode locking ti sapphire laser of 488nm laser pumping.
Background technology
The people such as Spence in 1991 have realized the kerr lens mode locking of titanium jewel femtosecond oscillator first, its mode locking pulse width is 60fs, since then so far, the Ti∶Sapphire oscillator of ultrashort pulse has passed through long-term development and improvement, and titanium jewel also becomes the middle infrared crystal being most widely used.
Up to the present, had the pumping source of number of different types to be used to attempt pumping titanium jewel:
(1) argon ion laser, as the pumping source of early pumping titanium jewel, have the advantages such as pump power is large, yet lower transformation efficiency has limited its extensive use, from 2000, has just had the relevant report of argon ion laser pumping titanium jewel seldom more afterwards.
(2) all solid state green (light) laser (output wavelength is 532nm or 515nm), as the pumping source of now extensive use, is having larger advantage aspect beam quality, intensity noise and output linewidth.But its complicated servo system causes all solid state green (light) laser cost expensive, and the absorption peak (absworption peak is 488nm) that its output wavelength neither titanium jewel.
(3) the LD laser occurring recently can greatly reduce costs as pumping source, but the aspects such as its beam quality, output wavelength and output linewidth need to optimize.
In addition, the existing pumping source for kerr lens mode locking ti sapphire laser, its power is higher, more than being generally 5W, because power is high, may cause multiple-pulse phenomenon, and then causes the contrast of pulse to reduce, the bad stability of locked mode etc.
The problem such as above-mentioned pumping source is existed to power is high, cost is high when the ti sapphire laser and beam quality is poor, therefore, at present in the urgent need to occurring, a kind ofly can make ti sapphire laser realize to stablize kerr lens mode locking and power is low, cost is low pumping source.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention aims to provide a kind of kerr lens mode locking ti sapphire laser of 488nm laser pumping, and this ti sapphire laser adopts 488nm fiber laser as pumping source, can produce the laser pulse that pulsewidth is less than the stable kerr lens mode locking of 10fs.
In order to address the above problem, according to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of kerr lens mode locking ti sapphire laser of 488nm laser pumping is provided, for exporting the laser of kerr lens mode locking, comprise: for the pumping source of pumping laser is provided, pumping source is that output wavelength is the fiber laser of 488nm; The resonant cavity being limited by a plurality of optical elements, for providing one to come and go light path, to form oscillating laser in resonant cavity; As the Ti doped saphire of gain media and kerr medium, it is arranged in resonant cavity.
Further, the output linewidth≤1MHz of pumping source.
Further, beam quality factor M2≤1.1 of pumping source, power jitter≤1%.
Further, resonant cavity has: be arranged on come and go light path first end place for reflecting the first plane chirped mirror of oscillating laser; Be arranged on second level crossing for part reflection and part transmission oscillating laser at the second end place that comes and goes light path; And be arranged on the first concave surface chirped mirror, the second concave surface chirped mirror and the 3rd plane chirped mirror between the first plane chirped mirror and the second level crossing along coming and going light path; Wherein, the pumping laser that pumping source sends incides on Ti doped saphire after seeing through the first concave surface chirped mirror, the oscillating laser producing incides on the second concave surface chirped mirror, and incides on the first plane chirped mirror after being reflected successively by the second concave surface chirped mirror and the 3rd plane chirped mirror; The first plane chirped mirror returns to the former road of oscillating laser, arrive the first concave surface chirped mirror, and reflexed on the second level crossing by the first concave surface chirped mirror, part oscillating laser is returned resonant cavity by the second flat mirror reflects, and another part oscillating laser sees through the second level crossing output through the laser pulse of kerr lens mode locking.
Further, Ti doped saphire with respect to pumping laser with Brewster's angle setting.
Further, the radius of curvature≤50mm of the first concave surface chirped mirror and the second concave surface chirped mirror.
Further, the first concave surface chirped mirror is coated with the anti-reflection deielectric-coating of pumping laser towards the one side of pumping source; The first concave surface chirped mirror is coated with successively the anti-reflection deielectric-coating of pumping laser and oscillating laser is increased to anti-deielectric-coating towards the one side of resonant cavity.
Further, the second concave surface chirped mirror dorsad the one side of pumping source be coated with the anti-reflection deielectric-coating of pumping laser; The second concave surface chirped mirror is coated with successively the anti-reflection deielectric-coating of pumping laser and oscillating laser is increased to anti-deielectric-coating towards the one side of resonant cavity.
Further, the second level crossing is coated with and at oscillating laser place, exports the deielectric-coating that coupling efficiency is 3% towards the one side in resonant cavity; The the second level crossing dorsad one side in resonant cavity is coated with the anti-reflection deielectric-coating of oscillating laser.
Apply technical scheme of the present invention, when adopting fiber laser that output wavelength is 488nm as pumping source, inventor is surprised to find, only need lower pump power (2W) operation, just can realize ti sapphire laser kerr lens mode locking, and produced the stable mode-locking laser pulse that pulsewidth is less than 10fs, and this pumping source given the ti sapphire laser low-loss of 488nm blue light wavelength pumping simultaneously.
Reason by analysis, may be that good beam quality, intensity noise are low, the advantage of output line width because fiber laser that output wavelength is 488nm combines, and the output wavelength 488nm of the pumping source that improves of the present invention be just near the absworption peak of titanium gem crystal.In addition, it is high that the fiber laser that output wavelength is 488nm has reliability, and servo system is required to low advantage, make titanium jewel femto-second laser structurally compacter, cheaper in price, noise is lower, has greatly promoted ti sapphire laser in the application in the field such as scientific and technological, industrial.
Due to the above-mentioned comprehensive advantage of 488nm fiber laser, especially its output wavelength is near titanium jewel absworption peak, and this pumping source makes the ti sapphire laser of the kerr lens mode locking of the low threshold value of pumping become possibility.Along with the development of fiber laser, we believe that the fiber laser of 488nm will be the optimal selection that replaces existing all solid state laser.
According to the detailed description to the specific embodiment of the invention by reference to the accompanying drawings below, those skilled in the art will understand above-mentioned and other objects, advantage and feature of the present invention more.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Hereinafter in exemplary and nonrestrictive mode, describe specific embodiments more of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.In accompanying drawing, identical Reference numeral has indicated same or similar parts or part.It should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that these accompanying drawings may not draw in proportion.In accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the light channel structure schematic diagram of the kerr lens mode locking laser of a kind of exemplary embodiments according to the present invention;
The pulse width signal of Fig. 2 for recording with intensity autocorrelation function analyzer according to the kerr lens mode locking laser of an embodiment of the present invention; And
The output spectrum signal of Fig. 3 for recording with spectrometer according to the kerr lens mode locking laser of an embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
In order to solve in prior art because pumping source cost is high, pumping operate power is high, the poor ti sapphire laser poor performance causing of beam quality and the low problem of conversion efficiency, the invention provides a kind of kerr lens mode locking ti sapphire laser of 488nm laser pumping, for exporting the laser pulse through kerr lens mode locking.As shown in Figure 1, in an exemplary embodiments of the present invention, ti sapphire laser comprises the pumping source 10 for pumping laser is provided, the resonant cavity 30 being limited by a plurality of optical elements and the Ti doped saphire 20 that is used as gain media and kerr medium.
Wherein, pumping source is that output wavelength is the fiber laser of 488nm.Output wavelength is that the fiber laser of 488nm has that good beam quality, intensity noise are low, the advantage of output line width, and 488nm output wavelength is just near the absworption peak of titanium gem crystal, can produce the stable mode-locking laser pulse that pulsewidth is less than 10fs.A plurality of optical elements be arranged to can with pumping source 10 together with Ti doped saphire 20 with kerr lens mode locking mechanism works.Resonant cavity 30 is for providing one to come and go light path, to form oscillating laser within it.Ti doped saphire 20 as gain media and kerr medium is arranged in resonant cavity 30, and preferably, Ti doped saphire 20 is placed with Brewster's angle with respect to pumping laser, and this modes of emplacement can reduce output optical cavity internal loss,
In a kind of exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the output linewidth of pumping source 10 is less than 1MHz.The pumping source 10 of this range of line width has the advantages such as good beam quality, power stability and reliability height.Preferably, the beam quality factor M2 of pumping source is less than 1.1, and power jitter is less than 1%.Adopt pumping source 10 of the present invention can under lower power, produce the stable mode-locking laser pulse that pulsewidth is less than 10fs, and given the pumping of 488nm blue light wavelength ti sapphire laser low-loss (as test in, the length of laser crystal 20 is 3mm, α 532=7cm
-1the absorptivity of ti sapphire laser pump light up to 92%)
In an exemplary embodiments of the present invention, resonant cavity 30 has the first plane chirped mirror 31, the second level crossing 32 and is arranged on the first concave surface chirped mirror 33, the second concave surface chirped mirror 34 and the 3rd plane chirped mirror 35 between the first plane chirped mirror 31 and the second level crossing 32 along coming and going light path.Wherein, the first end place that the first plane chirped mirror 31 is arranged on round light path is for reflecting oscillating laser.The second level crossing 32, as outgoing mirror, is arranged on the second end place that comes and goes light path, and except having, output is a small amount of to be seen through the effect of light for it, oscillating laser ceaselessly can also be reflected back in resonant cavity 30, for part reflection and part transmission oscillating laser.
As shown in Figure 1, the pumping laser that pumping source 10 sends incides on Ti doped saphire 20 after seeing through the first concave surface chirped mirror 33, the oscillating laser producing through vibration incides on the second concave surface chirped mirror 34, and incides on the first plane chirped mirror 31 after being reflected successively by the second concave surface chirped mirror 34 and the 3rd plane chirped mirror 35.The first plane chirped mirror 31 returns to the former road of oscillating laser, arrive the first concave surface chirped mirror 33, and reflexed on the second level crossing 32 by the first concave surface chirped mirror 33, part oscillating laser is reflected back resonant cavity 30 on the second level crossing 32, and another part oscillating laser sees through the second level crossing 32 outputs through the laser pulse of kerr lens mode locking.
The first concave surface chirped mirror 33 and the second concave surface chirped mirror 34 are relatively arranged on respectively the both sides of Ti doped saphire 20.Preferably, the distance between the first concave surface chirped mirror 33 and the second concave surface chirped mirror 34 is 50～60mm.Adopting chirped mirror is mainly the problem of considering dispersion compensation, the first concave surface chirped mirror 33 and the second all provide-70fs of concave surface chirped mirror 34
2negative dispersion.The first plane chirped mirror 31 and the 3rd plane chirped mirror 35 are used for the normal dispersion that the interior air of compensation resonant cavity 30 and laser crystal are introduced, every provide-50fs of plate plane chirped mirror
2negative dispersion.Pumping laser is after two sides concave surface chirped mirror and two facial plane chirped mirror compensation of dispersion amounts, and the dispersion measure of cavity total is negative value.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the radius of curvature R≤50mm of the first concave surface chirped mirror 33 and the second concave surface chirped mirror 34.Wherein, the big or small major effect of radius of curvature is assembled spot size to laser crystal center, and then affects the power of the kerr-lens effect of crystal.The radius of curvature of two concave surface chirped mirrors is in above-mentioned number range, focal beam spot is little and space is compact, be the chamber type project organization of tight focusing, this structure has guaranteed that oscillating laser is enough little in the center of Ti doped saphire 20, can reduce the with a tight waist size of oscillating laser on titanium gem crystal, laser beam waist on assurance Ti doped saphire 20 and the pattern matching of pump light, increased the power density in chamber, strengthen kerr-lens effect, be conducive to the formation of kerr lens mode locking and the operation of low pump power.Further preferably, the radius of curvature R=50mm of the first concave surface chirped mirror 33 and the second concave surface chirped mirror 34.
In order to strengthen the effect of reflection and transmission, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second level crossing 32 is towards the deielectric-coating that to be coated with at oscillating laser place output coupling efficiency be 3% of the one side in resonant cavity 30, its dorsad the one side in resonant cavity 30 be coated with the anti-reflection deielectric-coating of oscillating laser.It is 0.4% anti-reflection deielectric-coating that the present invention adopts transmitance, main purpose is the transmitance that reduces oscillating laser, oscillating laser can be vibrated at the interior multiple reflections of resonant cavity 30, and then the power density in enhancing resonant cavity 30, the kerr-lens effect that improves laser crystal 20, is conducive to realize kerr lens mode locking.The wavelength of oscillating laser is 670～1050nm.Adopt pumping source of the present invention, when the output rating of the second level crossing 32 is 0.5%, in ti sapphire laser, the minimum of locked mode threshold value can reach 280mW.
The present invention is not particularly limited the shape of Ti doped saphire 20, as long as can meet enough gain lengths (3mm).As being cylinder, cuboid, square etc.In a preferred embodiment, Ti doped saphire 20 is of a size of 3mm * 3mm * 2.9mm.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the first concave surface chirped mirror 33 is coated with the anti-reflection deielectric-coating of pumping laser towards the one side of pumping source 10; The first concave surface chirped mirror 33 is coated with successively the anti-reflection deielectric-coating of pumping laser and oscillating laser is increased to anti-deielectric-coating towards the one side of resonant cavity 30.In like manner, the second concave surface chirped mirror 34 dorsad the one side of pumping source 10 be coated with the anti-reflection deielectric-coating of pumping laser; The second concave surface chirped mirror 34 is coated with successively the anti-reflection deielectric-coating of pumping laser and oscillating laser is increased to anti-deielectric-coating towards the one side of resonant cavity 30.
Below in conjunction with Fig. 1, illustrate the oscillatory process of pumping laser in ti sapphire laser.From fiber laser, send the pumping laser that wavelength is 488nm (power output is 2W), through an optical coupled focusing unit (for the pumping laser from pumping source 10 is focused on to laser crystal), focus on, spot diameter after focusing is about 20 μ m, and focusing length is 50mm.Pumping laser after focusing incides on Ti doped saphire 20 after the first concave surface chirped mirror 33.Laser crystal 20 is α
532=7cm
-1, FOM (Figure of merit, quality factor) >100 Ti:Sapphire (Ti:Sapphire, titanium-doped sapphire are called for short titanium jewel) crystal, specification is 3mm * 3mm * 2.9mm.For fear of cause the bad stability of Output of laser due to heat accumulation, Ti doped saphire 20 is placed on water-cooled copper block with Brewster's angle.The oscillating laser producing incides rear on the second concave surface chirped mirror 34 and is reflected successively by the second concave surface chirped mirror 34 and the 3rd plane chirped mirror 35, incides on the first plane chirped mirror 31 that is positioned at end.The first plane chirped mirror 31 reflection oscillating laser Bing Jiangqiyuan roads are returned, arrive the first concave surface chirped mirror 33, and by the first concave surface chirped mirror 33 reflections, finally incide on the second level crossing 32, see through the laser pulse that the exportable pulsewidth of the second level crossing 32 is less than the stable kerr lens mode locking of 10fs.The first plane chirped mirror 31 and the second level crossing 32 have formed two end mirrors of resonant cavity 30, and the length of whole resonant cavity 30 is 1.01m, and corresponding repetition rate is 148MHz.With abcd matrix, calculating girdling the waist on crystal is 7.6 μ m * 10.5 μ m.
Ti sapphire laser provided by the present invention can obtain the steady and continuous kerr lens mode locking that power output is 150mW.The pulse autocorrelation signal that the intensity autocorrelation function analyzer that Fig. 2 is FR-103MN for employing model records.As can be seen from Figure 2,, under hyperbolic arteries and veins secant type pulse hypothesis, corresponding pulse duration is 8.2fs, visible, adopts ti sapphire laser provided by the present invention can produce the stable mode-locking laser pulse that pulsewidth is less than 10fs.Utilize spectrum that spectrometer records as shown in Figure 3.As can be seen from Figure 3, its centre wavelength is 800nm, and the about 400nm of spectrum overall with calculates through Fourier transform, and this spectral width can support that pulse duration is the mode locking pulse of sub-10fs.
Visible, the present invention has good practicality and operability, compact conformation is small and exquisite, be suitable for duplication of production and assembling, be suitable for mass production, there is the advantages such as cost is low, the unidirectional output of laser, high repetition frequency, the pulse duration of sub-10fs magnitude, low threshold value, can be widely used in the fields such as national defence, industry, medical treatment, scientific research, there is good application prospect and commercial value.
So far, those skilled in the art will recognize that, although detailed, illustrate and described a plurality of exemplary embodiment of the present invention herein, but, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, still can directly determine or derive many other modification or the modification that meets the principle of the invention according to content disclosed by the invention.Therefore, scope of the present invention should be understood and regard as and cover all these other modification or modifications.
Claims (9)
1. a kerr lens mode locking ti sapphire laser for 488nm laser pumping, for exporting the laser of kerr lens mode locking, comprising:
For the pumping source (10) of pumping laser, the fiber laser that described pumping source (10) is 488nm for output wavelength are provided;
The resonant cavity being limited by a plurality of optical elements (30), for providing one to come and go light path, to form oscillating laser in described resonant cavity (30);
As the Ti doped saphire (20) of gain media and kerr medium, it is arranged in described resonant cavity (30).
2. ti sapphire laser according to claim 1, wherein, the output linewidth≤1MHz of described pumping source (10).
3. according to the ti sapphire laser described in any one in claim 1-2, wherein, beam quality factor M2≤1.1 of described pumping source, power jitter≤1%.
4. according to the ti sapphire laser described in any one in claim 1-3, wherein, described resonant cavity (30) has:
Be arranged on described round light path first end place for reflecting the first plane chirped mirror (31) of described oscillating laser;
Be arranged on second level crossing (32) for oscillating laser described in part reflection and part transmission at the second end place of described round light path; And
Along described round light path, be arranged on the first concave surface chirped mirror (33), the second concave surface chirped mirror (34) and the 3rd plane chirped mirror (35) between described the first plane chirped mirror (31) and described the second level crossing (32);
Wherein, the described pumping laser that described pumping source (10) sends incides on described Ti doped saphire (20) after seeing through described the first concave surface chirped mirror (33), it is upper that the described oscillating laser producing incides described the second concave surface chirped mirror (34), and incide on described the first plane chirped mirror (31) after being reflected successively by described the second concave surface chirped mirror (34) and described the 3rd plane chirped mirror (35); Described the first plane chirped mirror (31) returns to the former road of described oscillating laser, arrive described the first concave surface chirped mirror (33), and reflexed on described the second level crossing (32) by described the first concave surface chirped mirror (33), the described oscillating laser of a part is reflected back described resonant cavity (30) by described the second level crossing (32), and oscillating laser sees through described the second level crossing (32) output through the laser pulse of kerr lens mode locking described in another part.
5. according to the ti sapphire laser described in any one in claim 1-4, wherein, described Ti doped saphire (20) with respect to described pumping laser with Brewster's angle setting.
6. according to the ti sapphire laser described in any one in claim 1-5, wherein, the radius of curvature≤50mm of described the first concave surface chirped mirror (33) and described the second concave surface chirped mirror (34).
7. according to the ti sapphire laser described in any one in claim 1-6, wherein,
Described the first concave surface chirped mirror (33) is coated with the anti-reflection deielectric-coating of pumping laser towards the one side of described pumping source (10);
Described the first concave surface chirped mirror (33) is coated with successively the anti-reflection deielectric-coating of pumping laser and oscillating laser is increased to anti-deielectric-coating towards the one side of described resonant cavity (30).
8. according to the ti sapphire laser described in any one in claim 1-7, wherein,
Described the second concave surface chirped mirror (34) the dorsad one side of described pumping source (10) is coated with the anti-reflection deielectric-coating of pumping laser;
Described the second concave surface chirped mirror (34) is coated with successively the anti-reflection deielectric-coating of pumping laser and oscillating laser is increased to anti-deielectric-coating towards the one side of described resonant cavity (30).
9. according to the ti sapphire laser described in any one in claim 1-8, wherein,
Described the second level crossing (32) is coated with and at oscillating laser place, exports the deielectric-coating that coupling efficiency is 3% towards the one side in described resonant cavity (30);
Described the second level crossing (32) the dorsad interior one side of described resonant cavity (30) is coated with the anti-reflection deielectric-coating of oscillating laser.
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| CN115939919A (en) * | 2023-01-30 | 2023-04-07 | 华中科技大学 | Solid laser based on Kerr lens mode locking |
| CN115986558A (en) * | 2023-01-17 | 2023-04-18 | 重庆师范大学 | Ultrafast laser capable of being started automatically |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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Application publication date: 20141210 |