CN104199410B - A kind of bridge structural health monitoring versatility acquisition control system - Google Patents
A kind of bridge structural health monitoring versatility acquisition control system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of bridge structural health monitoring versatility acquisition control system.Including collecting device, data acquisition module, data processing module, data evaluation module, data disaply moudle and data storage and control module；Beneficial effects of the present invention have：Data acquisition universal structure, difference communication protocol are abstracted unified interface, sensor-based system acquisition strategies, resource allocation policy, the reliable control strategy based on sensing objects and combination sensor-based system failure, the more grade accident harvesting policies of multi-parameter, the data storage and management strategy based on relational database, remote system control and renewal etc..
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to bridge technology field, is related to a kind of bridge structural health monitoring versatility acquisition control system.
Background technology
The large foundations such as bridge building is the fast-developing material guarantee of Chinese national economy, once natural calamity occurs
Or all by the consequence of bringing on a disaster property of the country and people some bridge collapse accidents especially occurred in recent years for structure aging,
Even more cause economic loss and casualties difficult to the appraisal.
So-called bridge health monitoring refers to the lossless sensing technology using scene with security evaluation, by being rung including bridge structure
Structural system specificity analysis including answering, reach monitoring of structures damage or the purpose degenerated, and pacified according to the data of monitoring
It is complete to assess.The process of bridge health monitoring includes：Bridge power is obtained by a series of timing of sensors and STATIC RESPONSE measures
Value, the characterization factor sensitive to damage is extracted from these measured values, and statistical analysis is carried out to these characterization factors, so as to obtain
Obtain the current health status of structure.For long-term health monitoring, what system obtained be on structure in its running environment it is old
Change and the real time information for the expectation function change for degenerating caused.
Problem present in data acquisition software system is specific as follows：
1st, general sex chromosome mosaicism, in order to accurate evaluation bridge health status, it is necessary to accurately obtain bridge state change,
Such as：The deformation of bridge vertical direction, the deformation of Sarasota horizontal direction, the displacement at expansion joint, the change of beam body stress etc., and
The state of environment, such as temperature, humidity, wind direction.In order to obtain the change of these states, it is necessary to arrange variety classes and quantity
Numerous sensors and corresponding Acquisition Instrument, such as amount of deflection sensor, strain transducer, telescopic displacement sensor, TEMP
Device, humidity sensor etc., and corresponding Acquisition Instrument.The bridge of different types of structure, its monitoring index and emphasis respectively have not
Together, as suspension cable bridge needs to pay close attention to Sarasota deformation and the change of suspension cable stress, therefore sensor-based system presence designed for it
Larger difference.Produced because different types of sensor is designed by different producers, so communication protocols used by them
It is different with control protocol, as RS485 communication protocols, RS232 communication protocols, USB communication protocol, TCP/IP communication agreement,
Pci bus, isa bus.The control protocol arranged of each Acquisition Instrument is different simultaneously, the definition to the data of acquisition also it is each not
It is identical.The communication protocol and control protocol that data collecting system is arranged by sensor, obtain corresponding data, therefore data are adopted
Collecting system has strong correlation with sensor-based system.Therefore, there is the sensor-based system of bridge monitoring in the difference of bridge structure
Difference, this difference result in the general sex chromosome mosaicism of bridge health monitoring data acquisition software system.If the problem is not carried out
Effectively solve, it would be desirable to be the data collecting system per bridge block design specialized, it is low that this certainly will cause development efficiency, data
Acquisition system is not general and is difficult to the consequence promoted.
2nd, accident Trapped problems, accident is the maximum threat of bridge security, such as earthquake, high wind, large vessel
Shock to bridge pier etc., if can not find and take measures in time, huge loss will be caused.And there is presently no maturation
Accident decision method and standard, while accident has very big contingency, and this causes the capture of accident
Difficulty is very big.
3rd, integrity problem, for data collecting system in the automatic work of bridge scene unattended duty, its working environment is severe,
Hardware system (main to include collection and control system, sensor-based system) is subjected to the test of high temperature, high humidity, therefore hardware system throughout the year
Various failures, including sporadic failure and permanent fault can be produced with high probability state.Security evaluation requires data acquisition
System reliably continuously works, it is impossible to because hardware system failure misses the data acquisition under the state of emergency, such as earthquake.It is and hard
The failure of part system will have a strong impact on the reliability of data collecting system, and unattended duty is even more that higher want is proposed to reliability
Ask.This generates the contradiction between system high reliability request and high fault rate.Other sensor-based system exposure in the wild, can meet with
Influenceed by factors such as high temperature, high humidity, strong jammings, its working environment very severe, contained in this data that will cause to collect
There are a large amount of interference informations, the aging of Simultaneous sensing system itself can also reduce it and provide the confidence level of data.And bridge security is commented
The foundation estimated is the data that data acquisition software system provides, and the data of mistake can cause the serious consequences of false assessment to occur.
Therefore the contradiction for solving between low confidence packets and quality data requirement is needed.Due to the existing bridge of the data collected
The composition of state change, also there is the presence of interference information, and both are interweaved, therefore the data for how providing high quality will very
It is difficult.Sensor-based system can cause the data reliability of its offer low in severe working environment, and security evaluation is to data matter
Amount requires high, so as to generate the contradiction between quality data requirement and the offer of low confidence packets.Therefore integrity problem
Integrity problem comprising data collecting system reliable operation sex chromosome mosaicism and the data obtained.
4th, software uses hommization problem, and bridge health monitoring with security evaluation is grown up from scientific research project first
, therefore current data acquisition software system is short of very much in terms of software uses hommization, and the software of hommization uses
Interface is the basic demand of business software, is more conducive to the popularization of the technology.
Data acquisition is monitoring structural health conditions and the basic and critical component in security evaluation, due to being tested structure
Exist architectural difference, sensor-based system difference, working environment be severe, security evaluation to factors such as data demand height, cause mesh
There is the problems such as versatility is not high, reliability is not strong, data storage and management validity is not high for preceding data acquisition software.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of bridge structural health monitoring versatility acquisition control system.The present invention wants
The technical problem of solution is：A kind of versatility acquisition control system is provided, long-term acquisition analysis can be carried out to Bridge Structure parameter,
And capture accident influences to caused by bridge structure.In addition, the present invention also provides a kind of collection of bridge structure parameter
Control strategy and information processing mechanism.
To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
Collecting device：Sensor is set to gather monitoring information in the range of bridge monitoring needs；
Data acquisition module, data collecting module collected are installed on bridge key position sensor device information, bridge main
Information is wanted to include：Structure temperature, ambient temperature and humidity, bridge deck bridge tower wind speed and direction, bridge vertical deflection, bridge inclined cable
Power, bridge tower bridge floor GPS 3 D deformations, the vertical oscillation crosswise of bridge, rainfall, gap bridge wagon loaded with out-of-gouge goods video information etc., to data processing
Module provides initial data, while provides sensor status information.Sensor output signal mainly has 485 communication protocols, RS232
Communication protocol, USB communication protocol, TCP/IP communication agreement, pci bus, isa bus etc., data acquisition module use generalization
Interface design, difference communication protocol are abstracted unified interface, reach the durability of functions of modules.
Data processing module, rejected from the data collected caused by environment influence and electromagnetic interference etc.
The data of fake information, it is main to handle the thick value of maximum value, minor swing data, obtain the real information of reflection bridge structure parameter.
Data evaluation module, data are subjected to mathematical statistics, such as maximum, minimum value, average value, variance, normal distribution
Analysis, threshold decision etc., when Monitoring Data exceedes threshold value, then alarmed.
Data disaply moudle：Human-computer interaction interface, data are presented to user in different forms.
Data storage and control module, the various sensor Real-time Monitoring Datas that system is obtained and periodic sampling data,
Raw data base is added directly into, to carry out Accurate Analysis, inquiry and check to data；And with data acquisition module, number
Organically combined according to processing module, data memory module, data disaply moudle, to control data acquisition module, data processing mould
The automatic and stable work of block, data memory module.
Beneficial effects of the present invention have：Data acquisition universal structure, difference communication protocol are abstracted unified interface, sensing system
Acquisition strategies, resource allocation policy, the reliable control strategy based on sensing objects and combination sensor-based system failure, the multi-parameter of uniting are more
Grade accident harvesting policy, the data storage and management strategy based on relational database, remote system control and renewal etc..
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of hardware composition schematic diagram of bridge structural health monitoring versatility acquisition control system of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is present system schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is the flow chart between data acquisition module and hardware device of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is timing acquiring timing diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is collection timing diagram in real time of the invention；
Fig. 6 is triggering collection timing diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is span centre upstream amount of deflection primitive curve of the present invention and sag curve after pretreatment；
Fig. 8 is that moment bridge key section strain curve occurs for earthquake of the present invention.
Embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment one：As shown in figure 1, disclosure sets forth a kind of bridge structural health monitoring versatility acquisition control system
System, by data acquisition module (hardware device corresponds to acquisition terminal), data processing module, (hardware device alignment processing takes the system
Be engaged in device), data storage and control module (hardware device corresponding storage server), (hardware device is corresponding to be commented data evaluation module
Estimate server), the part of data disaply moudle (hardware device corresponds to display terminal) five composition.
Data acquisition module mainly has INV3060 synchronous signal acquisitions instrument, FBG-2000 fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulators, Nprot-
5680 serial servers, LTM-8662 temperature collect modules and ADAM-4060 analogue collection modules.Acquisition terminal is all disposed within
Bridge scene, according to the needs of security evaluation, according to the order of control server, timing or collect in real time and reliablely and stablely all kinds of
The data of sensor, and then by gathered data by fiber optic network real-time Transmission to processing server, and then structural response is gathered,
And the data to collecting are pre-processed and stored, so as to realize, acquisition bridge environmental characteristic and structure are dynamic and static in real time
The real informations such as response；On the one hand these data are shown in display terminal, on the other hand save the data in storage server
Database in.Data interaction principle is as shown in Figure 2 between present system data processing and control module and acquisition terminal.Figure
3 flow between data acquisition module and hardware device.
Interface generality method is introduced in detail below.
According to various sensor types, address information, communications protocol, universalized connection design is carried out, reaches functions of modules
Durability, physical interface is defined as follows：
Its interface is defined as follows：
Parameter declaration：
DataType is data type
ReNum is repeated acquisition number
Port points to channel buffer
NumPort is port number
Addr points to address sensor address number
Addr represent storage the sensor to be gathered address date, form be " 13,12,14,16, -1,20,23,
24 " wherein " -1 " then represent port isolation symbol, represent isolation symbol above address be use same port numbers, port storage
The call number of buffering area is 0 (Port [0]), can similarly be obtained, and the address of isolation symbol below uses another port numbers, in port
The call number of memory buffer is 1 (Port [1]), by that analogy, obtains port index number
NumAddr sensor numbers
NetAddr points to ethernet ip address
Data points to returned data buffering area
State：Buffering area unit correspondingly deposits the state value of sensor.0 is normal, and other is abnormal, specifically
Implication is depending on specific sensor.
--- EJA-110A Yokogawa pressure sensors, the output of Hart buses, it is acquired by SM-100 protocol translation devices,
Interface configures：
1=com15, com30/051,052,053,054,061,062,063,071,072,073,081,082,083；
011,012,013,014,021,022,023,024,031,032,033,034,035,041,042,043,044/6/1
--- LTM8877 temperature sensors, I2C buses export, and are acquired, connect by LTM8662 temperature collect modules
Mouth configuration：
2=com6, com7, com8, com20, com21, com22, com23, com24/030,031,040,041,042；
090,091,0F0,0F1,0F2,0F3；0E0,0E1；000,001,002,010,011；020,021,022,023；050,051,
060,061,070,071,072,073；080,0B1,0C0,0C1,0C2,0C3；080,081/0/1
--- YONNG9101 wind speed wind direction sensors, the output of RS485 buses, carried out by Nport5650 serial servers
Collection, interface configuration：
3=com16, com17, com32/03；04；02/3/1
--- S03 fiber Bragg grating strain sensors, fiber-optic signal output, carried out by FBG-2000 fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulators
Collection, interface configuration：
4=192.168.1 106：10001/1-1,1-2,1-3,1-4,1-5,1-6,2-1,2-2,2-3,2-4,2-5,2-
6,2-7,3-1,3-2,3-3,3-4,3-5,3-6,4-1,4-2,4-3,4-4,4-5,4-6,4-7,5-1,5-2,5-3,5-4,5-
5,5-6,5-7,6-1,6-2,6-3,6-4,6-5,6-6,6-7,7-1,7-2,7-3,7-4,7-5,7-6,7-7,8-1,8-2,8-
3,8-4,8-5,8-6,8-7,8-8/7/1
Embodiment two：It is main to include becoming to reflect that bridge is static in order to meet a variety of drainage patterns of security evaluation requirement
Turn to the drainage pattern of the clocked flip of purpose；Real-time high frequency drainage pattern for the purpose of reflecting bridge dynamic response；With anti-
Reflect interruption continuous acquisition pattern of bridge real-time status change etc..
(1) timing acquiring, to reflect bridge structure static change as target, according to the needs of bridge security assessment, setting
Moment point is gathered, the collection of trigger sensor data is carried out with this.For guarantee variety classes sensor and with species sensor number
According to synchronism, the thinking of software and hardware combining is taken, by technologies such as multithreading, multibus.And in collection, start simultaneously
Various kinds of sensors performs collection.Timing acquiring timing diagram is shown in Fig. 4, wherein T0, and T2 is the timing acquiring moment, alphabetical n, k, and j is represented
Various kinds of sensors is numbered, and color region represents that sensor performs collection, gathers and is gathered successively according to numbering, and blank space represents sensing
Device is idle.
(2) collection in real time, to reflect bridge structure dynamic response and fatigue conditions as target, supervised according to the dynamic of design
Survey object, the data of the round-the-clock respective sensor of collection in real time.Theoretical and experiment all proves that the higher order dynamics characteristic of structure is with tying
The relation of structure damage becomes apparent from, and is more beneficial for the detection and judgement of structural damage.But if lack outside effectively excitation, only
Detection method using environmental excitation dynamic characteristics is impossible to detect the high order of frequency and the vibration shape of structure.In addition, structure is damaged
For wound except may occur suddenly in serious accident or terrible weather, the change of general structure damage is slower.Therefore for
Though dynamic data is gathered in real time, in data storage, using continuous acquisition in one day or several days 30 minutes or short by one again
Scheme (premised on meeting Analysis of Dynamic Characteristics) a bit.Collection timing diagram is shown in Fig. 5 in real time, and wherein color region represents that execution is adopted
Collection.
(3) triggering collection, consider that the frequency in serious accident or adverse circumstances appearance is less, therefore only in acceleration transducer
The sensor that full-bridge is just triggered when perceiving larger vibration is acquired, and now, is carried out using continuity way, the institute of collection
There are data to store.Triggering collection timing diagram is shown in Fig. 6, and wherein red area represents to trigger, and T0, T2 are to be touched by trigger condition
Hair starts to gather moment, alphabetical n, k, and j represents various kinds of sensors numbering, and blue region represents that sensor performs collection, and collection is pressed
Gathered successively according to numbering, blank space represents that sensor is idle.
Assessed and required according to structural parameters type and bridge security, bridge health monitoring system is adopted using as shown in table 1 below
Collection mechanism.
Table 1
| Grab type | Acquisition mode | Triggering collection | Remarks |
| Amount of deflection | It is static | It is | |
| Temperature | It is static | It is | |
| Humiture | It is static | It is | |
| Vibrate (acceleration) | Dynamically | The static collection of superthreshold triggering | |
| Expansion joint displacement | It is static | It is | |
| Tower top offsets (GPS) | It is static | It is | |
| Ship is hit (video) | Dynamically | The static collection of triggering | |
| Wind speed and direction | It is static | It is | |
| Fibre strain | It is static | It is | |
| Overrun vehicle | Dynamically | It is no |
Embodiment three：The pseudo- letter caused by environment influences and be sensor ageing is rejected from the data collected
The preprocessing algorithms of breath, it is main to handle the thick value of maximum value, minor swing data.Its algorithm is as follows：
(1) very big Value Data evaluation algorithm and interpolation algorithm.
The judgement of maximum：The determination methods of maximum are directly to judge whether data are equal to maximum and identify, such as：
1000。
The interpolation of maximum：The data interpolating method of maximum is the direct measuring point data for obtaining adjacent sections, if without value
The value of the measuring point under adjacent sections is then obtained, if still without value, no longer entering row interpolation, (state that marked in state table is 0 different
Often).
(2) thick Value Data evaluation algorithm and interpolation algorithm.
The judgement of thick value：The average value of historical data is taken, fluctuation threshold values (configuration) is read and calculates effective fluctuation range, if
Currency is not in the range of effective fluctuation, then this value is thick value.
The interpolation of thick value：The interpolation method of thick value is historical data (7 days/20 days effective for first obtaining this measuring point
Data), the average value AVR of historical data is calculated, thick value value directly takes AVR average values.
(3) minor swing data evaluation algorithm and interpolation algorithm.
The judgement of minor swing data：The maximum a reference value of historical data is taken, if a reference value of currency is more than history maximum
A reference value, then currency belong to minor swing data.(benchmark value-based algorithm：History value 1- history values 2 take absolute value=a reference value).
The interpolation of minor swing data：The interpolation method of minor swing is the historical data for first obtaining the measuring point (in configuration file
Configuration), maximum a reference value is calculated, judges whether Current data values belong to small filtering process, determination methods：Currency subtracts
One value takes absolute value, and need not be filtered if absolute value is more than a reference value, otherwise need to filter；Interpolation processing, by currency
Plus a value and then divided by 2 (being averaged), average value be reparation value.
Bridge health monitoring system span centre upstream amount of deflection primitive curve Fig. 7 (a) and scratching after data prediction
Write music line as and Fig. 7 (b) it is shown.
Example IV：The present invention have studied accident harvesting policy, solve accident Trapped problems.
Accident is the maximum threat of bridge security, such as shock of earthquake, high wind, large vessel to bridge pier, such as
Fruit can not find and take measures in time, will cause huge loss.And there is presently no the judgement side of the accident of maturation
Method and standard, while accident has very big contingency, this make it that the capture difficulty of accident is very big.
For this present invention research accident capture technique and decision plan, continued by real-time high frequency drainage pattern
Data, and data prediction model is established according to historical data, and set multistage decision threshold value.According to no threshold value, triggering
The control strategy of full-bridge data acquisition occurs for different degrees of accident.
Earthquake occur the moment, structural healthy monitoring system capture crucial section strain curve as shown in figure 8, from monitoring number
Changed according to key position is understood in earthquake, but it is small to change value, Trend Stationary after earthquake, the bridge place of performance times after earthquake
The obvious sign of what structural damage.
Embodiment five：Safeguarded in order to facilitate later stage inspection, present system provides remote control and renewal functional module.The mould
Block is based primarily upon C/S model, and for the system as service end, control terminal is client, and service end supports multiple client simultaneously.Its
Major function is as follows：
(1) system information obtains
Include computer system essential information (CPU, internal memory, disk, process list, registration table etc.), acquisition control system
Information (acquisition state, power supply status, sensor states, data mode, version information etc.).
(2) remote collection
In the case of the acquisition control system free time, static single measuring point, multi-measuring point, all measuring points can continuously be adopted
Collection, high frequency collection is carried out to dynamic measuring point, and pass the data of collection back in real time.
(3) system controls
Comprising the control (switching computer, Process flowchart, file operation, registry operations etc.) to computer system, adopt
Collect control system control (system reboot, acquisition control, power supply etc.).
(4) system update
Version updating upgrading and reduction can be carried out to acquisition control system, also can be to computer system related software and file
It is updated.
Remote control and the basic communication agreement updated are as follows：
Communicate basic format：AAAAAA BB, CC, DD...
Wherein AAAAAA is command recognition code, is 6 integers." BB ", " CC " etc. is parameter information, multiple parameters are with English
Comma is separated, and command recognition code is separated with parameter with English space.
Here is communications command agreement table.
Table 2
It is also an advantage of the present invention that：
1st, unitized sensing equipment acquisition control, unitized Interface design, and can be free according to sensing equipment type
Cut；
2nd, the scheduling of a variety of acquisition control patterns：The control and scheduling of timing acquiring, continuous acquisition, triggering collection；
3rd, accident catches strategy, can obtain and convert the amount in measurement parameter to structure moment when different event occurs
Change scope.
Described above is only the better embodiment to the present invention, not makees any formal limit to the present invention
System, any simple modification that every technical spirit according to the present invention is made to embodiment of above, equivalent variations and modification,
Belong in the range of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (1)
- A kind of 1. bridge structural health monitoring versatility acquisition control system, it is characterised in that：Including collecting device, data acquisition Module, data processing module, data evaluation module, data disaply moudle, data storage and control module；Collecting device：Sensor is set to gather monitoring information in the range of bridge monitoring needs；Data acquisition module：The monitoring information of collecting device collection is collected, including：Structure temperature, ambient temperature and humidity, bridge deck bridge Tower wind speed and direction, bridge vertical deflection, force of bridge inclined cable, bridge tower bridge floor GPS 3 D deformations, the vertical oscillation crosswise of bridge, The information such as rainfall, gap bridge wagon loaded with out-of-gouge goods video, all information are provided to data processing module, while provide sensor states letter Breath, and all initial data are sent to data storage and control module, and shown by data disaply moudle；Data acquisition module is by INV3060 synchronous signal acquisitions instrument, FBG-2000 fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulators, Nprot-5680 serial ports Server, LTM-8662 temperature collect modules and ADAM-4060 analogue collection modules composition；Data processing module：The fake information caused by environment influence and electromagnetic interference etc. is rejected from the data of reception Data, and the data after processing are sent to data storage and control module, and shown by data disaply moudle；Institute State data processing module and mainly handle the thick value of maximum value, minor swing data, obtain the true letter of reflection bridge structure parameter Breath；Data evaluation module：Data are subjected to mathematical statistics, when Monitoring Data exceedes threshold value, then alarmed, and will be assessed As a result data storage and control module are sent to, and is shown by data disaply moudle；The data evaluation module pair Maximum, minimum value, average value, variance, normal distribution analysis, threshold value are judged；Data disaply moudle：Human-computer interaction interface, data are presented to user in different forms, may also display data storage and control The data query result of molding block；Data storage and control module：The various sensor Real-time Monitoring Datas and periodic sampling data that system is obtained, directly Raw data base is added to, to carry out Accurate Analysis, inquiry and check to data；The system has a variety of drainage patterns, includes the drainage pattern of the clocked flip for the purpose of reflecting bridge static change； Real-time high frequency drainage pattern for the purpose of reflecting bridge dynamic response；To reflect that the interruption of bridge real-time status change is continuously adopted Integrated mode；The drainage pattern of the clocked flip, to reflect bridge structure static change as target, according to the need of bridge security assessment Will, setting collection moment point, the collection of trigger sensor data is carried out with this, to ensure variety classes sensor and being passed with species The synchronism of sensor data, the thinking of software and hardware combining is taken, by technologies such as multithreading, multibus, and in collection, together Shi Qidong various kinds of sensors performs collection；The high frequency drainage pattern in real time, to reflect bridge structure dynamic response and fatigue conditions as target, according to design Dynamic monitoring object, the data of the round-the-clock respective sensor of collection in real time；The continuous acquisition pattern, the sensor that full-bridge is just triggered only when acceleration transducer perceives larger vibration are adopted Collection, now, is carried out, all data of collection store using continuity way；From the data collected reject due to environment influence and it is sensor ageing caused by fake information data in advance from Adjustment method, the thick value of processing maximum value, minor swing data.
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| US7103507B2 (en) * | 2004-09-28 | 2006-09-05 | Dimitry Gorinevsky | Structure health monitoring system and method |
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| CN101763053A (en) * | 2008-12-26 | 2010-06-30 | 上海交技发展股份有限公司 | Movable type bridge security detection and analysis management system |
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