CN104198445A - Laser breakdown spectroscopy-based Movable device for detecting soil constituents based on - Google Patents
Laser breakdown spectroscopy-based Movable device for detecting soil constituents based on Download PDFInfo
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- CN104198445A CN104198445A CN201410436368.2A CN201410436368A CN104198445A CN 104198445 A CN104198445 A CN 104198445A CN 201410436368 A CN201410436368 A CN 201410436368A CN 104198445 A CN104198445 A CN 104198445A
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Abstract
The invention provides a laser breakdown spectroscopy-based movable device for detecting soil constituents. The movable device comprises a box body, wherein the lower end of the box body is not closed; a traction device connected with a motor vehicle is arranged at the front end of the box body; a plowshare is mounted at the center of the bottom of the box body through a rotary shaft; traveling wheels are arranged at two ends of the bottom of the box body; a GPS and an industrial personal computer are arranged at the top of the box body; a laser main body, a spectrometer and an argon bottle are arranged inside the box body; an optical collection box is mounted at the rear end of the plowshare; a laser emission end, a convergent lens, a collection lens group and a collection optical fiber end tip are arranged in the optical collection box. The movable device is simple and convenient to operate, can freely move in a field, is applicable to a large area of fields, and has the advantages of short response time, low detection limit, simultaneous multi-element detection and the like; a soil sample does not need to be taken, the whole detection, calculation and recording processes are continuous and free from pollution, and the content distribution situations of the soil constituents and heavy metal elements can be researched simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to soil constituent detection technique field, specifically a kind of mobile device based on laser breakdown spectral detection soil constituent.
Background technology
Soil nutrient refers to and relies on soil to supply with plant essential nutrient element, grasps the space distribution of Soil Nutrients in Farmland, is the precondition that realizes farmland Tree Precise Fertilization.Tree Precise Fertilization is an important component part of precision agriculture, it requires according to soil type and plant classification and output, N, P, K and some trace elements are carried out to scientific formula with organic fertilizer, accomplish to apply fertilizers scientifically, make economic benefit reach maximum, reduce the pollution of agricultural production to environment simultaneously.The detection of content of element methods such as soil N P, K, C are main mainly with chemical method, and the shortcoming such as exist collection, pre-service, the analysis efficiency of sample low, cost is high, real-time is poor can not realize fast, in site measurement.Along with the development of China's precision agriculture, be badly in need of at present a kind of method that real-time in-situ is accurately measured soil nutrient, meet the needs of agriculture Tree Precise Fertilization.
Meanwhile, along with agricultural, industrial expansion, soil pollution is more and more serious, particularly heavy metal pollution.Due to the enrichment in vivo of the heavy metal in soil, influence ecological environment also threatens health by food chain, has people visually heavy metal pollution of soil to be referred to as to " Chemical Time Bomb " both at home and abroad.Due to heavy metal pollution of soil, have the features such as disguise, hysteresis quality, need to just by people, be familiar with through the long period, meanwhile, its pollution is an irreversible process substantially, and contaminated by heavy metals soil needed for 100～200 years just can recover.At present, heavy metal pollution of soil determination method mainly contains atomic absorption spectrum, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrum, inductivity coupled plasma mass spectrometry, high performance liquid chromatography, X-ray fluorescence spectra etc.These analytical approachs still be take spot sampling, lab analysis as main, thereby can not meet the demand that heavy metal contaminants real-time in-situ detects.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of mobile device based on laser breakdown spectral detection soil constituent, this device can be realized real-time, the original position of soil nutrient (total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, total carbon, magnesium, calcium, manganese and boron element) and heavy metal element (copper, zinc, lead, nickel, chromium) content, pollution-free detection.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of mobile device based on laser breakdown spectral detection soil constituent, this device comprises the first casing, described the first casing is the inc casing in lower end, its front end is provided with the draw-gear of junctor motor vehicle, its bottom center is equiped with colter by rotating shaft, its two ends, bottom are equipped with road wheel, and its top is provided with GPS and industrial computer, and its inside is provided with laser bodies and spectrometer; The output terminal of described GPS is connected with the input end of industrial computer, and the output terminal of described industrial computer is connected with the input end of laser bodies, and described laser bodies is connected with spectrometer interactive signal, and described spectrometer is connected with industrial computer interactive signal;
The rear end of described colter is equiped with optically detecting box, in described optically detecting box, be provided with laser instrument transmitting terminal, convergent lens, collecting lens group and collect optic fibre end, described laser instrument transmitting terminal connecting laser main body, the pulse laser of laser instrument transmitting terminal output is applied to pedotheque to be measured surface after convergent lens is assembled, described pedotheque to be measured is excited and forms plasma and launch plasma spectrometry, and described plasma spectrometry is coupled into collection optical fiber and transfers to spectrometer by collecting optic fibre end again after collecting lens group is assembled.
The described mobile device based on laser breakdown spectral detection soil constituent, described the first box house is also provided with argon bottle and control circuit, described control circuit comprises that the control input end of described solenoid valve is connected with the output terminal of industrial computer for controlling the solenoid valve of argon gas flow velocity.
The described mobile device based on laser breakdown spectral detection soil constituent, in described optically detecting box, be also provided with the first window and the second window, described the first window is selected K9 window, is arranged on the rear end of convergent lens, described the second window is selected JGS1 window, is arranged on the front end of collecting lens group.
The described mobile device based on laser breakdown spectral detection soil constituent, described collecting lens group is comprised of two plano-convex quartz lenss, described two plano-convex quartz lenss are installed in optical telescopic sleeve, its convex surface is staggered relatively, its primary optical axis is in vertical direction with 45 degree angles, described optical telescopic sleeve is fixed in optically detecting box by adjustment rack, and described adjustment rack is realized two-dimensional adjustment by spring and thin teeth screw.
The described mobile device based on laser breakdown spectral detection soil constituent, this device also comprises the second casing, described the second casing is the inc casing in rear end, and its two ends, bottom are equipped with road wheel, and its inside is provided with the digital frequency conversion generator into whole mobile device power supply; Described the second casing is connected by soft linked set with the first casing.
The described mobile device based on laser breakdown spectral detection soil constituent, this device also comprises the display that is arranged on the first casing side, the input end of described display is connected with the output terminal of industrial computer.
The described mobile device based on laser breakdown spectral detection soil constituent, described colter is selected ramped shaped V-type colter.
The described mobile device based on laser breakdown spectral detection soil constituent, described laser bodies and spectrometer adopt box-type to fix, and in box body bottom mounting spring and inner placement sponge, carry out vibration damping.
The described mobile device based on laser breakdown spectral detection soil constituent, described argon bottle adopts box-type to fix, and in box body bottom mounting spring and inner placement sponge, carries out vibration damping.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
(1) whole mobile device of the present invention is easy and simple to handle, can move freely in field, and without pedotheque is sampled, whole detection, calculating, recording process serialization, pollution-free, not damage test system, the continuous moving that is applicable to acre detects;
(2) detectability is low, and soil nutritive element can reach 1g/kg, and heavy metal element can reach tens mg/kg, and its response time is short, only need 30 seconds even shorter, can carry out in real time soil, original position, Measurement accuracy;
(3) can to soil nutrient and heavy metal element, measure simultaneously, study the distribution situation of the multiple nutrient of soil and content of beary metal simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the specific embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the partial structurtes schematic diagram of the specific embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the side sectional view of Fig. 2.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, further illustrate the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 1 to 3, a kind of mobile device based on laser breakdown spectral detection soil constituent, comprise inc the first casing 1 in lower end, inc second casing 2 in rear end, be located at draw-gear 3, the display 4 that is located at the first casing 1 side that the first casing 1 front end is connected with motor vehicles, industrial computer 5 and the GPS6 that is located at the first casing 1 top, the first casing 1 and the second casing 2 two ends, bottom are all furnished with road wheel 7, and whole mobile device can freely be walked in field under the traction of motor vehicles.The first casing 1 bottom center is provided with the ramped shaped V-type colter 9 for breaking ground by rotating shaft 8, and the height of ramped shaped V-type colter 9 can change by the position that regulates rotating shaft 8 to insert on shaft hole.Between the first casing 1 and the second casing 2, by soft linked set, be connected.The geography information of the tested field of GPS6 Real-time Collection, for follow-up field fertilising and Heavy Metal Pollution Control provide information, the output terminal of GPS6 is connected with the input end of industrial computer 5 by usb data line.The output terminal of industrial computer 5 connects the input end of display 4.
The first casing 1 inside is placed with laser bodies 18, four-way fiber spectrometer 17, argon bottle 19 and control circuit 20 successively.Laser bodies 18 is connected with industrial computer 5 by RS232 Serial Port Line.Laser bodies 18 is communicated by letter and is realized timing synchronization by COM serial port with four-way fiber spectrometer 17, the output Q-switched signal of laser bodies 18 triggers four-way fiber spectrometer 17 and starts image data, and four-way fiber spectrometer 17 is connected with industrial computer 5 by usb data line.Argon bottle 19 is connected with the solenoid valve of capable of regulating argon gas flow velocity size in control circuit 20, solenoid valve be connected with industrial computer 5 (pedotheque to be measured, under ar gas environment, can improve accuracy of detection).The control software of industrial computer 5 adopts Matlab Programming with Pascal Language, can realize the control to laser bodies 18, four-way fiber spectrometer 17, control circuit 20, completes collection, filtering processing, the matching of spectral line and the foundation of quantitative model etc. of data.Laser bodies 18, four-way fiber spectrometer 17, argon bottle 19 all adopt box-type to fix, and in box body bottom mounting spring, box body is inner, place sponge and carry out vibration damping.
The rear end of ramped shaped V-type colter 9 is provided with optically detecting box 11, and the minimum point of the bottom of optically detecting box 11 and ramped shaped V-type colter 9 is in same level.Laser instrument transmitting terminal 12 is installed in optically detecting box 11, laser instrument transmitting terminal 12 is connected with cable by water pipe with laser bodies 18, laser instrument transmitting terminal 12 adopts rubber blanket to carry out vibration damping, places successively convergent lens 13 and the first window below laser instrument transmitting terminal 12 in light path; At convergent lens 13 right-hand member 60mm places, be provided with the collecting lens group 15 in vertical direction with miter angle (this angle is convenient to processing), the front end of collecting lens group 15 is provided with the second window, collecting lens group 15 is comprised of two plano-convex quartz lenss, the convex surface of two plano-convex quartz lenss is staggered relatively, be arranged in optical telescopic sleeve, optical telescopic sleeve is arranged on and can carries out on the adjustment rack of two-dimensional adjustment, and adjustment rack is arranged in optically detecting box 11 and realizes two-dimensional adjustment by spring and thin teeth screw.
The pulse laser of laser instrument transmitting terminal 12 outputs is applied to pedotheque to be measured surface through the first window after convergent lens 13 is assembled, pedotheque to be measured is excited and forms plasma 14 and launch plasma spectrometry, plasma spectrometry sees through the second window and is converged to minimum hot spot through collecting lens group 15, in the place of spot diameter minimum, place and collect optical fiber 16 terminations, plasma light spectrum signal is coupled into collection optical fiber 16 by collecting optical fiber 16 terminations, four terminations of collecting optical fiber 16 other ends are connected on four-way fiber spectrometer 17, collection optical fiber 16 transfers to four-way fiber spectrometer 17 by plasma light spectrum signal and completes light splitting, 17 minutes light output ends of four-way fiber spectrometer are equipped with ccd detector, then by industrial computer 5, carry out data acquisition and processing (DAP), according to the relation of element spectral line intensity and concentration, complete quantitative measurment.
The first window and the second window are set are the impact on optical system of dust in order to prevent from producing in the whole mobile device course of work, the optical material of convergent lens 13 and the first window is K9, and the optical material of collecting lens group 15 and the second window is JGS1.
A 2kw digital frequency conversion generator 10 of the second casing 2 inner placements, these digital frequency conversion generator 10 output voltages are alternating current 220V, fluctuation is ± 2V, the alternating current of digital frequency conversion generator 10 outputs transfers in the first casing 1 by pull-switch, for whole mobile device power supply, the heat that digital frequency conversion generator 10 sheds is discharged from the rear end of the second casing 2.
Principle of work of the present invention is as follows:
(1) draw-gear 3 is connected with motor vehicles, starts the digital frequency conversion generator 10 in the second casing 2;
(2) regulate ramped shaped V-type colter 9 10～15cm below its front end enters soil;
(3) open the power switch of display 4, industrial computer 5, laser bodies 18, four-way fiber spectrometer 17 and control circuit 20;
(4) open the valve on argon bottle 19, electromagnetic valve for adjusting to argon gas flow velocity is 1m
3/ min, and open GPS6;
(5) working method that four-way fiber spectrometer 17 is set is external trigger pattern, and to integral time, measure number of times, measure average time at every turn, automatically preserve image data etc. and arrange;
(6) laser flash modulation frequency, pulse laser output frequency be set and measure number of times;
(7) whole mobile device moves detection in field.
The above embodiment is only that the preferred embodiment of the present invention is described; not scope of the present invention is limited; design under the prerequisite of spirit not departing from the present invention; various distortion and improvement that those of ordinary skills make technical scheme of the present invention, all should fall in the definite protection domain of claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. the mobile device based on laser breakdown spectral detection soil constituent, it is characterized in that: this device comprises the first casing, described the first casing is the inc casing in lower end, its front end is provided with the draw-gear of junctor motor vehicle, its bottom center is equiped with colter by rotating shaft, its two ends, bottom are equipped with road wheel, and its top is provided with GPS and industrial computer, and its inside is provided with laser bodies and spectrometer; The output terminal of described GPS is connected with the input end of industrial computer, and the output terminal of described industrial computer is connected with the input end of laser bodies, and described laser bodies is connected with spectrometer interactive signal, and described spectrometer is connected with industrial computer interactive signal;
The rear end of described colter is equiped with optically detecting box, in described optically detecting box, be provided with laser instrument transmitting terminal, convergent lens, collecting lens group and collect optic fibre end, described laser instrument transmitting terminal connecting laser main body, the pulse laser of laser instrument transmitting terminal output is applied to pedotheque to be measured surface after convergent lens is assembled, described pedotheque to be measured is excited and forms plasma and launch plasma spectrometry, and described plasma spectrometry is coupled into collection optical fiber and transfers to spectrometer by collecting optic fibre end again after collecting lens group is assembled.
2. the mobile device based on laser breakdown spectral detection soil constituent according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described the first box house is also provided with argon bottle and control circuit, described control circuit comprises that the control input end of described solenoid valve is connected with the output terminal of industrial computer for controlling the solenoid valve of argon gas flow velocity.
3. the mobile device based on laser breakdown spectral detection soil constituent according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described optically detecting box, be also provided with the first window and the second window, described the first window is selected K9 window, be arranged on the rear end of convergent lens, described the second window is selected JGS1 window, is arranged on the front end of collecting lens group.
4. the mobile device based on laser breakdown spectral detection soil constituent according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described collecting lens group is comprised of two plano-convex quartz lenss, described two plano-convex quartz lenss are installed in optical telescopic sleeve, its convex surface is staggered relatively, its primary optical axis is in vertical direction with 45 degree angles, described optical telescopic sleeve is fixed in optically detecting box by adjustment rack, and described adjustment rack is realized two-dimensional adjustment by spring and thin teeth screw.
5. the mobile device based on laser breakdown spectral detection soil constituent according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: this device also comprises the second casing, described the second casing is the inc casing in rear end, its two ends, bottom are equipped with road wheel, and its inside is provided with the digital frequency conversion generator into whole mobile device power supply; Described the second casing is connected by soft linked set with the first casing.
6. the mobile device based on laser breakdown spectral detection soil constituent according to claim 1, is characterized in that: this device also comprises the display that is arranged on the first casing side, and the input end of described display is connected with the output terminal of industrial computer.
7. the mobile device based on laser breakdown spectral detection soil constituent according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described colter is selected ramped shaped V-type colter.
8. the mobile device based on laser breakdown spectral detection soil constituent according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described laser bodies and spectrometer adopt box-type to fix, and in box body bottom mounting spring and inner placement sponge, carries out vibration damping.
9. the mobile device based on laser breakdown spectral detection soil constituent according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described argon bottle adopts box-type to fix, and in box body bottom mounting spring and inner placement sponge, carries out vibration damping.
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Cited By (10)
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| CN104535544A (en) * | 2014-12-29 | 2015-04-22 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Device for detectingheavy metals in soil by utilizing laser-induced breakdown spectrum |
| CN106211894A (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2016-12-14 | 内蒙古民族大学 | Quickly measure intelligence formula fertilizer distributor |
| CN106644962A (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2017-05-10 | 浙江大学 | Vehicle-mounted miniature furrow plough device for continuously testing in-situ rice soil hyper-spectrum outdoors |
| CN108872074A (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2018-11-23 | 北京农业智能装备技术研究中心 | A kind of soil nutrient elements detection system and method |
| RU2691557C1 (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2019-06-14 | Публичное акционерное общество "Татнефть" имени В.Д. Шашина | Quad bike trailer |
| CN110220867A (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2019-09-10 | 云南大学 | A kind of vehicle-mounted mobile steam isotope observation device |
| US10701856B2 (en) | 2016-11-07 | 2020-07-07 | The Climate Corporation | Agricultural implements for soil and vegetation analysis |
| CN111487392A (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2020-08-04 | 广东中苗景观有限公司 | Simple and easy detection technology device of fertilizer nutrient |
| CN117147526A (en) * | 2023-10-31 | 2023-12-01 | 西北师范大学 | Large-area soil pH value rapid detection method |
| CN117491343A (en) * | 2023-12-25 | 2024-02-02 | 北京市农林科学院智能装备技术研究中心 | Soil organic matter detection method, device and system |
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| CN104535544B (en) * | 2014-12-29 | 2018-01-16 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | A kind of device that heavy metal-polluted soil is detected using LIBS |
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| CN110220867A (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2019-09-10 | 云南大学 | A kind of vehicle-mounted mobile steam isotope observation device |
| CN111487392A (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2020-08-04 | 广东中苗景观有限公司 | Simple and easy detection technology device of fertilizer nutrient |
| CN117147526A (en) * | 2023-10-31 | 2023-12-01 | 西北师范大学 | Large-area soil pH value rapid detection method |
| CN117147526B (en) * | 2023-10-31 | 2024-02-06 | 西北师范大学 | Large-area soil pH value rapid detection method |
| CN117491343A (en) * | 2023-12-25 | 2024-02-02 | 北京市农林科学院智能装备技术研究中心 | Soil organic matter detection method, device and system |
| CN117491343B (en) * | 2023-12-25 | 2024-04-16 | 北京市农林科学院智能装备技术研究中心 | Soil organic matter detection method, device and system |
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Application publication date: 20141210 |