CN104193086A - Device and method for rapid treatment of village and town distributed sewage - Google Patents
Device and method for rapid treatment of village and town distributed sewage Download PDFInfo
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- CN104193086A CN104193086A CN201410361263.5A CN201410361263A CN104193086A CN 104193086 A CN104193086 A CN 104193086A CN 201410361263 A CN201410361263 A CN 201410361263A CN 104193086 A CN104193086 A CN 104193086A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device for rapid treatment of village and town distributed sewage. The device comprises a two-section grille machine, wherein effluent of the grille machine is conducted to a one-stage surface layer turbulent flow screening and filtering device, the effluent of the one-stage surface layer turbulent flow screening and filtering device is conducted to an A2/O compound flow baffle plate soil infiltration system, the effluent of the A2/O compound flow baffle plate soil infiltration system is conducted to a two-stage surface layer turbulent flow screening and filtering device, and the effluent of the two-stage surface layer turbulent flow screening and filtering device is conducted to a cyclone desanding device. The invention also discloses a method for performing rapid treatment on the village and town distributed sewage by using the device.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the device of a kind of villages and small towns collective and distributive type sewage fast processing.
The invention still further relates to the method for utilizing said apparatus to carry out sewage disposal.
Background technology
China villages and small towns Water Environment Status quo China is large agricultural country, and rural area area accounts for 57.59% of the national soil total area, but for various reasons the improvement of Rural Water Pollution is paid little attention to always.Industry and city are almost all thrown in prevention and cure of pollution investment, and rural area environmental protection facility is almost nil.Rural Water Environment situation more and more worsens in recent years, and pollution incident happens occasionally.Its major cause: the pollutent of township and village enterprises's discharge causes water environment pollution; The a large amount of unreasonable use of agricultural chemicals, chemical fertilizer causes pollution of area source; The discharge of wastewater of plant pollutes water surrounding; Sewage recharges and causes water quality deterioration; The random discharge of resident living sewage and waste pollutes water surrounding.The deterioration of Rural Water Environment not only causes the underproduction to grain, and is directly threatening and live in the healthy of vast Rural areas peasant.This has badly influenced ecology, production and living safety and the expanding economy in vast rural area.
Villages and small towns sewage feature and processing requirements:
(1) villages and small towns population is less, distributes wide and disperses, and sewage quality, water yield fluctuation are large, and network of drains is very unsound, and therefore, selected sewage treatment process answers capacity of resisting impact load strong, and individual curing nearby;
(2) villages and small towns economic force is weak, and therefore, sewage disposal should take into full account that cost is low, working cost is few, the technique of less energy-consumption or Non-energy-consumption;
(3) villages and small towns lack sewage disposal professional, and selected technique should be managed simply, easy to maintenance.
Sewage disposal pattern in villages and small towns is in each region development imbalances of China, different villages and small towns difference is larger, the differences such as the Living Style that Rural areas forms for a long time in addition, living habit, should select applicable treatment process according to rural area particular case, its feature should meet the features such as treatment process is simple, construction cost is low, easy and simple to handle.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the device of a kind of villages and small towns collective and distributive type sewage fast processing.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of said apparatus that utilizes villages and small towns collective and distributive type sewage to be carried out to the method for fast processing.
For achieving the above object, the device of villages and small towns provided by the invention collective and distributive type sewage fast processing, it comprises:
Two sections of grid makers, are laid with two sections of screen clothes of wide-meshed screen and fine screen mesh in the framework of grid maker, the sewage of processing through grid maker imports in one-level surface turbulence screen apparatus by topping-up pump;
One-level surface turbulence screen apparatus is divided into upper and lower two parts by porous plate, and porous plate hole is skewed, and quartz sand is laid as sieving filler in porous plate top; The bottom of sieving filler is provided with nanometer aeration head, and sieving filler internal skin is connected with two sections of grid makers by reducing water inlet pipe;
One-level surface turbulence screen apparatus is provided with reducing backwash pipe corresponding to the opposite side below of reducing water inlet pipe, by back flush valves, connects topping-up pump, and the top of reducing backwash pipe is provided with backflash;
Porous plate below is water tank, water tank inwall uniform loading one deck nonmetal doping photocatalyst, water tank bottom is provided with ultraviolet sterilization lamp, and nanometer aeration head is set between the space of ultraviolet sterilization lamp, and water tank remaining space inside is filled with semi-conductor load filler;
The water outlet of the water tank of one-level surface turbulence screen apparatus is by a hydro-pump and A
2/ O combined-flow flap soil oozes system and is connected;
A
2/ O combined-flow flap soil the system of oozing is divided into upper part and lower part, upper part forms upper and lower two treatment zones by analysing plate, upper treatment zone is used pebbles to carry out Anoxic/Aerobic processing and water outlet water guide to sewage, the mixed fillers that lower treatment plot adopts rubble and coarse sand to mix is processed sewage under aerobic environment, and drainage flow direction is horizontal drowned flow; Lower part forms upper and lower two treatment zones by analysing plate, the mixed fillers that upper treatment zone adopts rubble and coarse sand to mix is processed sewage under anaerobic environment, drainage flow direction is horizontal drowned flow, lower treatment plot adopts pebbles to carry out anaerobic treatment and water outlet water guide to sewage, and drainage flow direction is vertical subsurface flow;
A
2the water outlet that/O combined-flow flap soil oozes system connects secondary surface turbulence screen apparatus;
Secondary surface turbulence screen apparatus is divided into upper and lower two parts by porous plate, and porous plate hole is skewed, and porous plate top laying modified manganese sand and natural zeolite molecular sieve mixture are as sieving filler; The bottom of sieving filler is provided with nanometer aeration head, and sieving filler internal skin is by reducing water inlet pipe and A
2the water outlet that/O combined-flow flap soil oozes system connects;
Secondary surface turbulence screen apparatus is provided with reducing backwash pipe corresponding to the opposite side below of reducing water inlet pipe, by back flush valves, connects topping-up pump, and the top of reducing backwash pipe is provided with backflash;
Porous plate below is water tank, water tank inwall uniform loading one deck nonmetal doping photocatalyst, water tank bottom is provided with ultraviolet sterilization lamp, and nanometer aeration head is set between the space of ultraviolet sterilization lamp, and water tank remaining space inside is filled with semi-conductor load filler;
Secondary surface turbulence screen apparatus is positioned at backflash one side and is provided with aeration tube, and aeration tube is provided with a plurality of pore solarization air caps, and pore solarization air cap vertically upward; Above sieving filler, ultrasonic generator is installed;
The water outlet of the water tank of secondary surface turbulence screen apparatus connects cyclone desanding device by hydro-pump, and the top of cyclone desanding device is connected to respectively the reducing backwash pipe of one-level surface turbulence screen apparatus and the reducing backwash pipe of secondary surface turbulence screen apparatus;
The bottom of cyclone desanding device offers mud discharging mouth, top is provided with the motor of stirrer, and the impeller of stirrer is inclined upwardly, and will make in pond sewage for the helical movement during rotation, the larger sand grains of density in sewage is thrown toward the pool wall of cyclone desanding device, in action of gravity, is lowered into sand hopper.
In described device, the wide-meshed screen precision in two sections of grid makers is 21mm, and fine screen mesh precision is 8mm; Wide-meshed screen and fine screen mesh and level are 60 degree angles and lay.
In described device, the sieving filler in one-level surface turbulence screen apparatus is that particle diameter is the macrobead quartz sand of 7-30mm.
In described device, the sieving filler in secondary surface turbulence screen apparatus is that particle diameter is the modified manganese sand of 0.5-1.0mm and the natural zeolite molecular sieve mixture that particle diameter is 1.2-2.0mm.
In described device, water tank inwall equally loaded nonmetal doping photocatalyst is nano-TiO
2powder.
In described device, the semi-conductor load filler that water tank remaining space inside is filled is nano-TiO
2powder loads on the filler that solid netted polypropylene forms.
In described device, one-level surface turbulence screen apparatus is connected nanometer aeration machine respectively separately with the nanometer aeration head in secondary surface turbulence screen apparatus.
In described device, the stirrer rotating speed in cyclone desanding device is 10-30r/min.
The method of villages and small towns provided by the invention collective and distributive type sewage fast processing:
Sewage is tackled the solid granulates in liquid by two sections of screen clothes under action of gravity, and remove continuously the foreign material in fluid, by the water inlet pipe that is embedded in sieving filler top layer, import in one-level surface turbulence screen apparatus and carry out sieving, in water inlet process, utilize the surging force disturbance sieving filler top layer of water inlet cross-flow, form turbulent flow, prevent pollution substance on sieving filler top layer, pile up to current smoothly by forming resistance;
One-level surface turbulence screen apparatus carries out intermittent aeration, and bubble impact sieving filler during aeration, breaks up the pollution substance layer of sieving filling surface and it is floated, and sewage can be filtered through sieving filler smoothly; Filler top right-hand member is provided with aeration tube, and aeration tube is provided with a plurality of pore solarization air caps, and solarization air cap vertically upward, bubble is pushed into the water surface by the pollutent floating, in overflow to backflash, mix and regulate influent quality with water inlet, extend screen apparatus work-ing life and backwash cycle simultaneously;
The sewage of processing through a surface turbulence screen apparatus enters A from bottom
2/ O combined-flow flap soil oozes after system, by A
2the upper treatment zone that/O combined-flow flap soil oozes in upper part of system is used pebbles to carry out Anoxic/Aerobic processing and water outlet water guide to sewage, and lower treatment plot adopts mixed fillers under aerobic environment, sewage to be processed, and drainage flow direction is horizontal drowned flow; Upper treatment zone in lower part is used mixed fillers under anaerobic environment, sewage to be processed, and drainage flow direction is horizontal drowned flow, and lower treatment plot adopts pebbles to carry out anaerobic treatment and water outlet water guide to sewage, and drainage flow direction is vertical subsurface flow;
From A
2/ O combined-flow flap soil oozes the sewage that system bottom enters and carries out preliminary treatment through horizontal drowned flow-vertical water guide, by using flap to extend anoxic-anaerobic part, hard-degraded substance in sewage is decomposed in a large number, and water outlet is imported to A
2/ O combined-flow flap soil oozes the up pond of undercurrent flap, system top, carries out anaerobic-aerobic processing, under the synergy of microorganism-filler-plant, sewage is processed, and decomposes easily biodegradable organics wherein, and removes other pollution substances;
Through A
2the sewage that/O combined-flow flap soil the system of oozing is processed is imported in secondary surface turbulence screen apparatus and is carried out sieving by the water inlet pipe that is embedded in sieving filler top layer, in water inlet process, utilize the surging force disturbance sieving filler top layer of water inlet cross-flow, form turbulent flow, prevent pollution substance on sieving filler top layer, pile up to current smoothly by forming resistance;
Secondary surface turbulence screen apparatus carries out intermittent aeration, and bubble impact sieving filler during aeration, breaks up the pollution substance layer of sieving filling surface and it is floated, and sewage can be filtered through sieving filler smoothly; Filler top right-hand member is provided with aeration tube, and aeration tube is provided with a plurality of pore solarization air caps, and solarization air cap vertically upward, bubble is pushed into the water surface by the pollutent floating, in overflow to backflash, mix and regulate influent quality with water inlet, extend screen apparatus work-ing life and backwash cycle simultaneously;
The nanometer aeration head air inlet of one-level surface turbulence screen apparatus and secondary surface turbulence screen apparatus bottom is O
2, for clean filler; In water tank, the air inlet of nanometer aeration head is O
3, by nanometer aeration, obtain in a large number hydroxyl radical free radical, jointly improve oxidation effectiveness with ultraviolet sterilization lamp, semi-conductor load filler, the water outlet of being wherein rich in hydroxy radical qiao, when device carries out backwash, is washed away sieving filler simultaneously, makes sieving filler obtain clean and regeneration;
The water outlet of secondary surface turbulence screen apparatus imports cyclone desanding device, removes the sand grains in sewage, and sewage is qualified discharge after above-mentioned processing.
In described method, the average irradiation dose of ultraviolet sterilization lamp in one-level surface turbulence screen apparatus and secondary surface turbulence screen apparatus is at 300J/m
2above.
The present invention uses grid maker to filter the large-scale floating matter in sewage, use subsequently surface turbulence screen apparatus to reduce sewage inner suspension thing and colloid, to reduce follow-up soil, ooze the hydraulic load of system, reduce the risk factor of system jams, re-use surface turbulence screen apparatus sewage is carried out to advanced treatment, reduce turbidity of sewage, improve its transparency, make sewage reach discharging standards.Technological operation of the present invention is simple, successful, and capital cost is low, move simple, easy to operate, can to avoid secondary pollution in treating processes generation, lifting sewage effluent quality to recyclable resource reutilization.Wherein in surface turbulence screen apparatus, nano titanium dioxide crystal excites the free negative ion that has oxidizing power under ultra violet lamp as photocatalyst, simultaneously in nanometer aeration process and the energy that excites of ultrasonic wave generating process also can there is and strengthen the generation of free negative ion, reach photocatalysis effect; And free negative ion with and break away from the constraint of covalent linkage after leave room, with nano bubble surface with electric charge produce micro-electrolysis effectiveness simultaneously, can kill intestinal bacteria, streptococcus aureus, virus etc., decompose residual biodegradable organic compounds and toxic substance, lasting security to the sewage degraded that carries out disinfection.Processing aspect for environmental classes hormone (as micro-harmful chemicals such as hormones agricultural chemicals, microbiotic, Dioxins, oestrogenic hormon and synthetic hormones) has very large advantage, can make most organic permineralization or decomposition, when sewage is carried out to sieving processing, its water outlet is purified, sterilized, water outlet reaches national requirements standard preferably.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the apparatus structure schematic diagram of villages and small towns of the present invention collective and distributive type sewage fast processing.
Primary clustering nomenclature in accompanying drawing:
1 wide-meshed screen; 2 two sections of grid makers; 3 fine screen mesh; 4 topping-up pumps; 5 reducing water inlet pipes; 6 sieving fillers; 7 one-level surface turbulence screen apparatus; 8 secondary surface turbulence screen apparatus; 9 reducing backwash pipes; 10 backwash valves; 11 botanical systems; 12 pebbless; 13 flaps; 14 mixed fillers; 15A
2/ O combined-flow flap soil oozes system; 16 motors; 17 cyclone desanding devices; 18 impellers; 19 hydro-pumps; 20 flowing water Valves; 21 ultraviolet sterilization lamps; 22 porous plates; 23 nanometer aeration heads; 24 semi-conductor load fillers; 25 water tanks; 26 nanometer aeration machines; 27 ultrasonic generators; 28 aeration tubes; 29 backflashes.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in detail.It should be noted that, mention in the following description left and right, upper and lower etc. be to be all as the criterion with direction shown in the drawings.
Refer to Fig. 1.
The device of villages and small towns provided by the invention collective and distributive type sewage fast processing, its primary structure comprises:
Two sections of grid makers 2, in the framework of grid maker 2, be laid with wide-meshed screen 1 (if precision is 21mm) and two sections of screen clothes of fine screen mesh 3 (if precision is 8mm), wide-meshed screen 1 and fine screen mesh 3 are 60 degree angles layings in framework and level, sewage passes through thick, thin two sections of screen clothes under action of gravity, tackle the solid granulates in liquid, and remove continuously the solid-liquid separating equipment of foreign material in fluid; The sewage of processing through grid maker 2 imports one-level surface turbulence screen apparatus interior 7 by topping-up pump 4.
One-level surface turbulence screen apparatus 7 is divided into upper and lower two parts by porous plate 22.Porous plate 22 holes are skewed, and one deck sieving filler 6 is laid in porous plate 22 tops, and sieving filler 6 is that particle diameter is the macrobead quartz sand of 7-30mm.The bottom of sieving filler 6 is provided with nanometer aeration head 23, and sieving filler 6 internal skins are connected with two sections of grid makers 2 by reducing water inlet pipe 5.One-level surface turbulence screen apparatus 7 belows of the opposite side corresponding to reducing water inlet pipe 5 are provided with reducing backwash pipe 9, by back flush valves 10, connect topping-up pump 4.Porous plate 22 belows are water tank 25, and water tank 25 inwall uniform loading one deck nonmetal doping photocatalysts are (as nano-TiO
2powder), water tank 25 bottoms are provided with ultraviolet sterilization lamp 21, and nanometer aeration head 23 is set between the space of ultraviolet sterilization lamp 21, and water tank 25 remaining space inside are filled with semi-conductor load filler 24 (as nano-TiO
2powder loads on solid netted polypropylene filler), the present invention is fixed on semi-conductor load filler 24 on carrier, having solved conventional photocatalyst needs the collaborative drawback of using of dispersion agent, has reduced the leakage of catalyzer, has avoided reaction to finish the separating step of rear catalyst.
The water outlet of the water tank 25 of one-level surface turbulence screen apparatus 7 is by hydro-pump 19 and an A
2/ O combined-flow flap soil oozes system 15 and is connected.
A
2/ O combined-flow flap soil oozes system 15 and is divided into upper and lower two parts, upper part is divided into upper and lower two treatment zone A and B by flap 13, upper treatment zone A is used pebbles to carry out Anoxic/Aerobic processing and water outlet water guide to sewage, the mixed fillers 14 that lower treatment plot B adopts rubble and coarse sand to mix is processed sewage under aerobic environment, and drainage flow direction is horizontal drowned flow; Lower part is divided into upper and lower two treatment zones by flap 13 equally, the mixed fillers that upper treatment zone C adopts rubble and coarse sand to mix is processed sewage under anaerobic environment, drainage flow direction is horizontal drowned flow, lower treatment plot D adopts pebbles to carry out anaerobic treatment and water outlet water guide to sewage, and drainage flow direction is vertical subsurface flow.
Sewage is intake from lower tip, through horizontal drowned flow-vertical water guide, carry out preliminary treatment, in treating processes, rationally use flap, anoxic-anaerobic part in prolongation system, decomposes hard-degraded substance in sewage in a large number, by topping-up pump, its water outlet is imported to the up pond of undercurrent flap, top, carry out anaerobic-aerobic processing, under the synergy of microorganism-filler-plant, sewage is processed, decomposed easily biodegradable organics wherein, and remove other pollution substances.
A
2/ O combined-flow flap soil oozes system 15 and connects secondary surface turbulence screen apparatus 8, and secondary surface turbulence screen apparatus 8 is basic identical with structure, the principle of work of one-level surface turbulence screen apparatus 7.Difference is that the sieving filler 6 at secondary surface turbulence screen apparatus 8 is that particle diameter is the modified manganese sand of 0.5-1.0mm and the natural zeolite molecular sieve mixture that particle diameter is 1.2-2.0mm, is the multi-functional mixed fillers that integrates absorption, ion-exchange, coagulation and removal heavy metal.Above sieving filler 6, be positioned at backflash 29 1 sides and be provided with aeration tube 28, aeration tube 28 is provided with a plurality of pore solarization air caps simultaneously, and pore solarization air cap vertically upward; Ultrasonic generator 27 is installed above sieving filler 6.The water outlet of the water tank 25 of secondary surface turbulence screen apparatus 8 connects cyclone desanding device 17 by hydro-pump 19, the bottom of cyclone desanding device 17 offers mud discharging mouth (known technology, not shown in the figures), top is provided with the motor 16 of stirrer, the impeller 18 of stirrer is inclined upwardly, and will make sewage (stirrer rotating speed can be controlled at 10-30r/min) for the helical movement in pond during rotation.Sand grains in sewage is because suffered centrifugal force is different, and the sand grains that relative density is larger is thrown toward the pool wall of cyclone desanding device 17, in action of gravity, is lowered into sand hopper.The top of cyclone desanding device 17 is connected to respectively the reducing backwash pipe 9 of one-level surface turbulence screen apparatus 7 and the reducing backwash pipe 9 of secondary surface turbulence screen apparatus 8.
One-level surface turbulence screen apparatus 7 and secondary surface turbulence screen apparatus 8 are when carrying out sieving, nanometer aeration intermittent aeration in tank, during aeration, tank internal gas pressure increases, air is cut into bubble by porous plate and heaves, impact sieving filler, break up the pollution substance layer of filling surface and it is floated, sewage can be filtered through sieving filler smoothly; Filler top right-hand member is provided with aeration tube, aeration tube is provided with a plurality of pore solarization air caps, solarization air cap vertically upward, bubble is pushed into the water surface by the pollutent floating, and in right side overflow to backflash, mixes and regulates influent quality with water inlet, extend screen apparatus work-ing life and backwash cycle simultaneously, for the lower situation of influent turbidity, even can be without back flushing, constantly operation is purified waste water.
Sieving filler bottom nanometer aeration head air inlet in one-level surface turbulence screen apparatus 7 and secondary surface turbulence screen apparatus 8 is O
2, for clean filler; In water tank, the air inlet of nanometer aeration head is O
3by nanometer aeration, obtain in a large number hydroxyl radical free radical, jointly improve advanced oxidation effect with ultraviolet sterilization lamp and semi-conductor load filler, the water outlet of being wherein rich in hydroxy radical qiao when device carries out backwash simultaneously, wash away sieving filler, accomplish that preferably filler is clean and regenerate.The average irradiation dose of ultraviolet sterilization lamp is at 300J/m
2above.
Use improve-OH of the mode production rate of nanometer aeration, because microbubble has huge quantity, specific surface area, lift velocity slowly, greatly increase gas-to-liquid contact area, duration of contact, be conducive to ozone soluble in water, overcome the shortcoming that ozone is insoluble in water.Microbubble inside has larger pressure and nano bubble while breaking, and interface disappears, and the chemical energy that surrounding environment acutely changes generation impels and produces more hydroxyl radical free radical, strengthens the ability of ozone oxidation decomposing organic matter.
Ozone produces OH under the radiation of UV-light, and ozone is taken away the electronics that titanium-dioxide photo causes electron hole centering, thereby has produced more hydroxyl radical free radical, has accelerated organic degraded, by the strong oxidation of OH, organic pollutant is processed.
The right-hand member of two sections of grid makers is by topping-up pump 4, when working, one-level surface turbulence screen apparatus imports grid maker water outlet, reducing water inlet pipe 5 is embedded in sieving filler 6 top layers, in water inlet process, utilize the surging force disturbance sieving filler top layer of water inlet cross-flow, form turbulent flow, prevent due to smooth the pass through formation resistance of pollution substance in the accumulation of sieving filler top layer and to current.During the work of secondary surface turbulence screen apparatus, import A
2/ O combined-flow flap soil oozes the water inlet of system 15, forms and the state when one-level surface turbulence screen apparatus is worked.
Because the aeration head in I and II surface turbulence screen apparatus all connects a nanometer aeration machine, when I and II surface turbulence screen apparatus carries out back flushing, nanometer aeration head starts aeration, the in the situation that of high-temperature nano aeration, sand grains is carried out to nanometer aeration processing, under the effect of the surging force producing, clean impurity, colloid and epontic microbial film that filler dams in the shearing force of high temperature, the small bubble of nanometer and aeration process.Back flushing is carried out in the water outlet that simultaneously imports cyclone desanding device by topping-up pump, reducing backwash pipe applies a direction power left to sieving filler, and water tank is in water filling process, air on liquid level is pushed by brute force, by porous plate, rise to sieving packing layer, make sieving filler present boiling flow state, after the interior air of water tank is emptying, current continue by the porous plate hole right bank flow at high speed that makes progress, in whole backwash process, reducing backwash in-pipe flow rinses left simultaneously, whole sieving filler forms the turbulent flow of fast turn-around under the surging force of current, phase mutual friction in the counterclockwise micro cyclone that sieving filler forms under the effect of different directions power, the organic pollutant adhering to is removed, be conducive to obtain comparatively pure filler.
The present invention successively adopts three grades of backwashing technologies to carry out back flushing:
One-level back flushing is aeration circulation back flushing, due to the accumulation of pollution substance at filling surface, the space that sewage is difficult to see through between filler is permeated down, in sieving process, carry out back flushing, open aeration tube 28 intermittently starting porous plate top nanometer aeration machine 26, the discontinuous work of nanometer aeration head in water collecting basin, air is upwards heaved from porous plate, be divided into small bubbles, intermittently break up the fine and close crud layer on sieving filler, pollution substance layer is broken into sheet and floats, when the buoyancy of aeration tube and necking pipe water inlet, under the synergy of thrust, produce impeller effect to the right, clean energetically the fine and close pollutent of filler top layer sheet, overflow is to backflash, the pollutent that filler is held back is concentrated outside remover, mix again and process with water inlet, sewage also can continue to permeate down from molecular sieve space, one-level back flushing can extend screen apparatus work-ing life and backwash cycle, for the lower situation of influent turbidity, even can, without back flushing, make device constantly move and purify waste water.
Secondary back flushing is air pulse back flushing, because turbidity of sewage is too high, causes pollution substance at the bulk deposition of filling surface, only depends on one-level backwash step still can not reach the effect that continues sieving.Now stop into water and close the flowing water Valve 20 of I and II surface turbulence screen apparatus, open topping-up pump 4 and backwash valve 10, start porous plate top nanometer aeration machine 26, the water outlet in cyclone desanding device is imported to the reducing water inlet pipe of I and II surface turbulence screen apparatus.Under the effect of pressure of return water, whole air in water tank are subject to crushing failure at high speed, along the pore on porous plate, rise, all under the impact force action of sieving packing layers nanometer aeration head under the impeller effect of ascending air, swivel disturbance and filler, the pollution substance fragmentation of filler space is floated, in the buoyancy of aeration tube and water inlet, impact flow-stopping plate to the right under the synergy of thrust again, overflow to backflash with initially intake and mix, treat water surface fast-descending.After filtering rate is stablized again, close topping-up pump 4, porous plate below nanometer aeration machine 26 and backwash valve 10, open flowing water Valve 20, recover water inlet and proceed sieving processing.
Three grades of back flushinges are the back flushing of aeration turbulent flow, and now I and II back flushing has been not enough to contaminated solution material to the covering of filler, obstructing problem, and sewage must not gather and filtered in a large number.Now stop into water, open topping-up pump 4, backwash valve 10 and flowing water Valve 20, start ultrasonic generator 27 and nanometer aeration machine 26, reverse starting hydro-pump 19, imports in water collecting basin by water outlet in a large number:
(1) water collecting basin inner air rises and stirs along porous plate pore, and filler bottom nanometer aeration head starts aeration, and filler top turbine constantly rotates;
(2) utilize the collaborative cleaning of nanometer aeration techno-shock, oxidation, air supporting and high temperature action, top filler presents turbulence state, carry out random high-speed motion state, filler phase mutual friction under the surging force of current vortex and the shear action of bubble, the organic pollutant adhering on filler can be removed, and obtains comparatively pure filler;
(3) utilize ultrasonic generator in liquid medium, to produce ultrasonic wave, at sieving filling surface, produce cavitation effect, the shockwave forming when cavitation steam bubble breaks in closing course, can produce the surge pressure of thousands of air pressure around at it, act on and on filling surface, destroy viscosity between dirt, and they are dispersed in backwash liquor rapidly, thereby reach the effect of filling surface cleaning.
(4), after air emptying, the water outlet of outlet sump continue to import, the water outlet of being rich in hydroxy radical qiao rinse turbulence state filler particles surface and micropore, peel off pollution substance, filler is regenerated.
(5) and pollution substance under water flow impact pressure and right side aeration tube air supporting effect constantly to floating up to the water surface, from left end influent weir and right-hand member backflash, flow out and initially intake and mix.Through three grades of back flushinges, internal contamination thing is cleaned totally emptying.
Conventional sand filtration is not disturbance layer of sand in filtration procedure, and current are flow through between sand fine gap.Conventionally adopt not disturbance layer of sand, on compacting filler, increase hydraulic pressure, sand, add the means such as grid and improve sand filtration process, allow current flow through between sand fine gap, and pollution substance rests on the top layer of layer of sand.The present invention utilizes necking pipe high-pressure water inlet disturbance filler top layer, prevent smooth the pass through formation resistance of pollution substance accumulation to current, utilize the means modifying devices such as the surging force of advanced oxidation, ultrasonic wave, nanometer aeration, bubble and shearing force simultaneously, utilize the fillers such as molecular sieve, manganese sand to be optimized design, finally use the improvement treating processess such as three grades of back flushinges.This device is good to the rejection effect of the suspended substances such as colloid, fiber, algae, for the lower water quality of turbidity even without back flushing, can complete treating processes, there is removal stink simultaneously, kill the microorganisms such as bacterium, pathogenic bacteria, the effect of the biodegradable organic compoundses such as a small amount of residual surfactant of decomposition difficult degradation, polychlorobiphenyl.
The nano-TiO of carbon doping of the present invention
2the preparation of powder:
Adopt sluggish precipitation and hydrothermal method two step processes to prepare the nano-TiO of carbon doping
2.Take titanium sulfate and urea as forerunner, glucose is carbon source, concrete preparation process is as follows: get 6.48g27 titanium sulfate and 3.24g54 urea (mol ratio of titanium sulfate and urea is 1:2) and be dissolved in deionized water, add appropriate glucose 0.6 to stir, 1:2:0.023 reacts 2h under the condition of 90 ℃ again.Question response finishes rear taking-up reactants dry, is repeatedly washed to neutrality, again dry, obtains the nano-TiO of carbon doping with ball mill grinding
2powder.
Nano-TiO
2powder loads on the method on filler:
Adopt the tridimensional network filler of polypropylene material, by nano-TiO
2powder mixes with deionized water (powder is 1:20 with the mass ratio of water), with ultrasonic echography, become emulsion, clean tridimensional network filler is immersed to the titanate coupling agent mixing with ethanol 1:1, slowly stir for some time, then filler is taken out and puts into TiO
2in emulsion, continue to stir for some time, after taking-up, put into baking oven dry (85 ℃ following) 2h, make loaded with nano TiO
2polypropylene suspension filler, its outward appearance is faint yellow, rete is more even.
Claims (10)
1. a device for villages and small towns collective and distributive type sewage fast processing, it comprises:
Two sections of grid makers, are laid with two sections of screen clothes of wide-meshed screen and fine screen mesh in the framework of grid maker, the sewage of processing through grid maker imports in one-level surface turbulence screen apparatus by topping-up pump;
One-level surface turbulence screen apparatus is divided into upper and lower two parts by porous plate, and porous plate hole is skewed, and quartz sand is laid as sieving filler in porous plate top; The bottom of sieving filler is provided with nanometer aeration head, and sieving filler internal skin is connected with two sections of grid makers by reducing water inlet pipe;
One-level surface turbulence screen apparatus is provided with reducing backwash pipe corresponding to the opposite side below of reducing water inlet pipe, by back flush valves, connects topping-up pump, and the top of reducing backwash pipe is provided with backflash;
Porous plate below is water tank, water tank inwall uniform loading one deck nonmetal doping photocatalyst, water tank bottom is provided with ultraviolet sterilization lamp, and nanometer aeration head is set between the space of ultraviolet sterilization lamp, and water tank remaining space inside is filled with semi-conductor load filler;
The water outlet of the water tank of one-level surface turbulence screen apparatus is by a hydro-pump and A
2/ O combined-flow flap soil oozes system and is connected;
A
2/ O combined-flow flap soil the system of oozing is divided into upper part and lower part, upper part forms upper and lower two treatment zones by analysing plate, upper treatment zone is used pebbles to carry out Anoxic/Aerobic processing and water outlet water guide to sewage, the mixed fillers that lower treatment plot adopts rubble and coarse sand to mix is processed sewage under aerobic environment, and drainage flow direction is horizontal drowned flow; Lower part forms upper and lower two treatment zones by analysing plate, the mixed fillers that upper treatment zone adopts rubble and coarse sand to mix is processed sewage under anaerobic environment, drainage flow direction is horizontal drowned flow, lower treatment plot adopts pebbles to carry out anaerobic treatment and water outlet water guide to sewage, and drainage flow direction is vertical subsurface flow;
A
2the water outlet that/O combined-flow flap soil oozes system connects secondary surface turbulence screen apparatus;
Secondary surface turbulence screen apparatus is divided into upper and lower two parts by porous plate, and porous plate hole is skewed, and porous plate top laying modified manganese sand and natural zeolite molecular sieve mixture are as sieving filler; The bottom of sieving filler is provided with nanometer aeration head, and sieving filler internal skin is by reducing water inlet pipe and A
2the water outlet that/O combined-flow flap soil oozes system connects;
Secondary surface turbulence screen apparatus is provided with reducing backwash pipe corresponding to the opposite side below of reducing water inlet pipe, by back flush valves, connects topping-up pump, and the top of reducing backwash pipe is provided with backflash;
Porous plate below is water tank, water tank inwall uniform loading one deck nonmetal doping photocatalyst, water tank bottom is provided with ultraviolet sterilization lamp, and nanometer aeration head is set between the space of ultraviolet sterilization lamp, and water tank remaining space inside is filled with semi-conductor load filler;
Secondary surface turbulence screen apparatus is positioned at backflash one side and is provided with aeration tube, and aeration tube is provided with a plurality of pore solarization air caps, and pore solarization air cap vertically upward; Above sieving filler, ultrasonic generator is installed;
The water outlet of the water tank of secondary surface turbulence screen apparatus connects cyclone desanding device by hydro-pump, and the top of cyclone desanding device is connected to respectively the reducing backwash pipe of one-level surface turbulence screen apparatus and the reducing backwash pipe of secondary surface turbulence screen apparatus;
The bottom of cyclone desanding device offers mud discharging mouth, top is provided with the motor of stirrer, and the impeller of stirrer is inclined upwardly, and will make in pond sewage for the helical movement during rotation, the larger sand grains of density in sewage is thrown toward the pool wall of cyclone desanding device, in action of gravity, is lowered into sand hopper.
2. device according to claim 1, wherein, the wide-meshed screen precision in two sections of grid makers is 21mm, fine screen mesh precision is 8mm; Wide-meshed screen and fine screen mesh and level are 60 degree angles and lay.
3. device according to claim 1, wherein, the sieving filler in one-level surface turbulence screen apparatus is that particle diameter is the macrobead quartz sand of 7-30mm.
4. device according to claim 1, wherein, the sieving filler in secondary surface turbulence screen apparatus is that particle diameter is the modified manganese sand of 0.5-1.0mm and the natural zeolite molecular sieve mixture that particle diameter is 1.2-2.0mm.
5. device according to claim 1, wherein, water tank inwall equally loaded nonmetal doping photocatalyst is nano-TiO
2powder.
6. device according to claim 1, wherein, the semi-conductor load filler that water tank remaining space inside is filled is nano-TiO
2powder loads on the filler that solid netted polypropylene forms.
7. device according to claim 1, wherein, one-level surface turbulence screen apparatus is connected nanometer aeration machine respectively separately with the nanometer aeration head in secondary surface turbulence screen apparatus.
8. device according to claim 1, wherein, the stirrer rotating speed in cyclone desanding device is 10-30r/min.
9. the method for a villages and small towns collective and distributive type sewage fast processing:
Sewage is tackled the solid granulates in liquid by two sections of screen clothes under action of gravity, and remove continuously the foreign material in fluid, by the water inlet pipe that is embedded in sieving filler top layer, import in one-level surface turbulence screen apparatus and carry out sieving, in water inlet process, utilize the surging force disturbance sieving filler top layer of water inlet cross-flow, form turbulent flow, prevent pollution substance on sieving filler top layer, pile up to current smoothly by forming resistance;
One-level surface turbulence screen apparatus carries out intermittent aeration, and bubble impact sieving filler during aeration, breaks up the pollution substance layer of sieving filling surface and it is floated, and sewage can be filtered through sieving filler smoothly; Filler top right-hand member is provided with aeration tube, and aeration tube is provided with a plurality of pore solarization air caps, and solarization air cap vertically upward, bubble is pushed into the water surface by the pollutent floating, in overflow to backflash, mix and regulate influent quality with water inlet, extend screen apparatus work-ing life and backwash cycle simultaneously;
The sewage of processing through a surface turbulence screen apparatus enters A from bottom
2/ O combined-flow flap soil oozes after system, by A
2the upper treatment zone that/O combined-flow flap soil oozes in upper part of system is used pebbles to carry out Anoxic/Aerobic processing and water outlet water guide to sewage, and lower treatment plot adopts mixed fillers under aerobic environment, sewage to be processed, and drainage flow direction is horizontal drowned flow; Upper treatment zone in lower part is used mixed fillers under anaerobic environment, sewage to be processed, and drainage flow direction is horizontal drowned flow, and lower treatment plot adopts pebbles to carry out anaerobic treatment and water outlet water guide to sewage, and drainage flow direction is vertical subsurface flow;
From A
2/ O combined-flow flap soil oozes the sewage that system bottom enters and carries out preliminary treatment through horizontal drowned flow-vertical water guide, by using flap to extend anoxic-anaerobic part, hard-degraded substance in sewage is decomposed in a large number, and water outlet is imported to A
2/ O combined-flow flap soil oozes the up pond of undercurrent flap, system top, carries out anaerobic-aerobic processing, under the synergy of microorganism-filler-plant, sewage is processed, and decomposes easily biodegradable organics wherein, and removes other pollution substances;
Through A
2the sewage that/O combined-flow flap soil the system of oozing is processed is imported in secondary surface turbulence screen apparatus and is carried out sieving by the water inlet pipe that is embedded in sieving filler top layer, in water inlet process, utilize the surging force disturbance sieving filler top layer of water inlet cross-flow, form turbulent flow, prevent pollution substance on sieving filler top layer, pile up to current smoothly by forming resistance;
Secondary surface turbulence screen apparatus carries out intermittent aeration, and bubble impact sieving filler during aeration, breaks up the pollution substance layer of sieving filling surface and it is floated, and sewage can be filtered through sieving filler smoothly; Filler top right-hand member is provided with aeration tube, and aeration tube is provided with a plurality of pore solarization air caps, and solarization air cap vertically upward, bubble is pushed into the water surface by the pollutent floating, in overflow to backflash, mix and regulate influent quality with water inlet, extend screen apparatus work-ing life and backwash cycle simultaneously;
The nanometer aeration head air inlet of one-level surface turbulence screen apparatus and secondary surface turbulence screen apparatus bottom is O
2, for clean filler; In water tank, the air inlet of nanometer aeration head is O
3, by nanometer aeration, obtain in a large number hydroxyl radical free radical, jointly improve oxidation effectiveness with ultraviolet sterilization lamp, semi-conductor load filler, the water outlet of being wherein rich in hydroxy radical qiao, when device carries out backwash, is washed away sieving filler simultaneously, makes sieving filler obtain clean and regeneration;
The water outlet of secondary surface turbulence screen apparatus imports cyclone desanding device, removes the sand grains in sewage, and sewage is qualified discharge after above-mentioned processing;
The water outlet of secondary surface turbulence screen apparatus is back to A simultaneously
2/ O combined-flow flap soil oozes system water inlet, regulating water quality stimulating plant process of growth secretion secondary substance.
10. method according to claim 9, wherein, the average irradiation dose of ultraviolet sterilization lamp in one-level surface turbulence screen apparatus and secondary surface turbulence screen apparatus is at 300J/m
2above.
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