CN104184042A - Combined 1.9 mu m wavelength converter of hollow-core photonic crystal fiber and seal cavity - Google Patents

Combined 1.9 mu m wavelength converter of hollow-core photonic crystal fiber and seal cavity Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104184042A
CN104184042A CN201310195310.9A CN201310195310A CN104184042A CN 104184042 A CN104184042 A CN 104184042A CN 201310195310 A CN201310195310 A CN 201310195310A CN 104184042 A CN104184042 A CN 104184042A
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hollow
photonic crystal
annular seal
seal space
crystal fiber
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CN104184042B (en
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叶满萍
郑枭
邹细勇
陈华才
赵春柳
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China Jiliang University
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China Jiliang University
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Abstract

The invention relates to a combined 1.9 mu m wavelength converter of a hollow-core photonic crystal fiber and a seal cavity. The wavelength converter comprises a laser, a polarization controller, a hydrogen steel cylinder, a seal cavity, a hollow-core photonic crystal fiber, a fiber collimator, a lens, a gas outlet, a gas inlet, a gas circulating pump, a planar mirror and a light beam splitter. The wavelength converter is characterized in that, the laser and the polarization controller constitute a light source system, and the seal cavity is arranged at the rear part of the light source system; the seal cavity is connected with the hydrogen steel cylinder provided with a pressure-reducing valve; the hollow-core photonic crystal fiber is arranged in the seal cavity; an incident end plane of the fiber is connected with the fiber collimator; the gas outlet, the gas inlet of the seal cavity are connected with the gas circulating pump; finally the lens, the planar mirror and the light beam splitter are arranged at the rear part of the seal cavity. According to the invention, through the excellent non-linear characteristics and mode transmission characteristics of the hollow-core photonic crystal fiber, and pressure intensity modulation of the hydrogen and fluidity of the hydrogen in the seal cavity, the wavelength converter has the advantages of low threshold and high conversion efficiency.

Description

A kind of hollow-core photonic crystal fiber and annular seal space composite type 1.9 mum wavelength transducers
Technical field
The invention belongs to photoelectron technology field, be specifically related to a kind of hollow-core photonic crystal fiber and annular seal space composite type 1.9 mum wavelength transducers.
Background technology
Wavelength is that the pulsed laser light source of 1.9 μ m is widely used in fields such as laser medicine, laser ranging, electrooptical countermeasures, infrared radar, infrared remote sensing and infrared sensings.In medical treatment, laser lithotripsy utilizes the moisture in cell to make moisture vaporization to the strong absorption of 1.9 μ m laser, transfers its energy to calculus, and then calculus is ground into powder.The laser of 1.9 μ m is very shallow to the penetration depth of tissue, and rubble process is very little to surrounding tissue damage, can reach without wound or Wicresoft's effect.Compare other lithotripsy method, the fail safe of laser lithotripsy is high.High-power 1.9 μ m laser, with its feature that vaporization cutting speed is fast, haemostatic effect good, penetrability is little, have unique advantage to diseases such as treatment hyperplasia of prostates.Militarily, the laser of 1.9 μ m has very strong penetration power to air and smog, can be used for the field such as laser radar and laser ranging.
At present, the pulsed laser light source that obtains 1.9 μ m has many approach, as the KTP optical parametric oscillator of holmium, erbium laser, critical phase matched, the erbium doped fiber laser of semiconductor pumping, LiNbO 3crystal difference frequency and high pressure hydrogen carry out Raman frequency shift etc. to 1064nm wavelength.To adopt stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) to realize Raman frequency shift and realize 1.9 μ m Laser outputs the most practical the simplest method.
SRS is a kind of typical nonlinear optical effect.For gas medium, SRS threshold power generally, more than mW magnitude, utilizes conventional method to realize ten points of difficulties of SRS of gas.Based on the wavelength shifter of SRS effect, traditional method is to use gases at high pressure Raman ponds (raman cell) to carry out, and system bulk is larger, required pump energy is higher, the operating distance of light wave and gas is short, and energy conversion efficiency is not high, generally only has 20%-30%.The invention of hollow-core photonic crystal fiber (HC-PCF), makes realization and the utilization of the nonlinear effect of light and low density gas medium become simple and efficient.HC-PCF has unique hollow structure, can blanketing gas medium in fibre core macropore.Light wave is limited in this macropore fibre core, and with basic mode low-loss transmission, its good basic mode characteristic makes the active area of light and filled media very little.And HC-PCF low-loss transmission characteristic ensured longer effective interaction distance, thereby further strengthen nonlinear effect, the interaction strength of light and gas medium can be strengthened to several orders of magnitude.
Chinese invention patent application " optical fiber type tunable gas Raman laser light source (the application number: 200910144236.1 based on hollow-core photonic crystal fiber; Publication number: CN101764350A) " a kind of tunable gas Raman laser light source is provided, the two ends of inside filling the hollow photon crystal of high pressure hydrogen all connect monomode fiber.After its optical fiber two ends welding, HC-PCF internal pressure is immutable, and conversion efficiency is restricted.This invention is had relatively high expectations to optical fiber fusion welding technology, therefore its cost of manufacture is also higher.
The impact of the variation of having reported pressure in Raman pond in " Relation of pump-beam quality and conversion efficiency in the Raman downward conversion " on Raman energy conversion efficiency.Along with pressure in chamber increases, the energy conversion efficiency of single order stokes light obviously raises.The present invention adopts the scheme of hollow-core photonic crystal fiber and the combination of the adjustable annular seal space of pressure, utilize the good nonlinear effect of HC-PCF and mode transfer characteristic, regulate annular seal space internal pressure by the hydrogen gas cylinder with pressure-reducing valve, gas circulator is taken away the heat of Raman frequency shift process in time, greatly reduce pumping threshold power, improved energy conversion efficiency, the pulse laser of 1064nm to 1.9 μ m the conversion efficiency of pulse laser can reach 35%-45%.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the not high shortcoming of conversion efficiency that the conversion of existing Raman obtains 1.9 μ m LASER Light Source, proposed a kind of the hollow-core photonic crystal fiber annular seal space adjustable with pressure to be combined to a kind of hollow-core photonic crystal fiber of formation and annular seal space composite type 1.9 mum wavelength transducers.
The technical scheme that the present invention takes for technical solution problem is:
A kind of hollow-core photonic crystal fiber and annular seal space composite type 1.9 mum wavelength transducers comprise: laser, Polarization Controller, hydrogen gas cylinder, annular seal space, hollow-core photonic crystal fiber, optical fiber collimator, lens, exhaust outlet, air inlet, gas circulator, plane mirror, beam splitter.
First, hydrogen gas cylinder injects hydrogen and controls its internal pressure to annular seal space, the pump light that laser sends is adjusted its polarization state through Polarization Controller, then enter HC-PCF inside by optical fiber collimator, hydrogen gets up in the effect current downflow of gas circulator, and fully contacts generation stimulated Raman scattering with incident light, and the Wavelength-converting of generation is through the output of lens focus collimation, under the optical path adjusting of plane mirror, obtain 1.9 μ m laser finally by crossing beam splitter light splitting.
Further, described hydrogen gas cylinder is provided with pressure-reducing valve, and on the one hand, hydrogen gas cylinder, to being filled with hydrogen in annular seal space, provides excited Raman medium; On the other hand, by the control of pressure-reducing valve, adjust the pressure of hydrogen in annular seal space.
Further, described laser is 1064nm Nd:YAG nanosecoud pulse laser, and carries attenuator, can change fast incident optical power.
Further, described Polarization Controller can conveniently be adjusted the polarization state of incident light, in order to obtain higher Raman gain, also can be used for measuring the impact of polarization state on wavelength conversion efficiency simultaneously.
Further, what described optical fiber collimator adopted is aspheric surface optical fiber collimator, utilizes its good light collecting light ability, the efficiency that can improve laser coupled and enter HC-PCF, light field guided wave mode with basic mode in sufficiently long HC-PCF transmits, and basic mode loss is very low.
Further, described HC-PCF is fixed on annular seal space inside, and its both ends open facilitates hydrogen to enter photonic crystal fiber hollow core portion.
Further, the exhaust outlet of described gas circulator is close to optical fiber collimator, and air inlet and exhaust ports are in symmetric position, and its effect is the flow hydrogen gas making in HC-PCF, take away so timely the heat of the generation of Raman frequency shift process, thereby improve Raman conversion efficiency.
Further, described HC-PCF, optical fiber collimator, lens are positioned on straight line, and in the middle of optical fiber collimator and HC-PCF, be separated with a bit of distance, exhaust outlet, the air inlet of guaranteeing gas circulator produce positive and negative pressure at the two ends of photonic crystal fiber respectively, are beneficial to like this hydrogen and flow in hollow-core photonic crystal fiber inner loop.
What further, described lens used is achromatic micro objective.
Further, the described HC-PCF that fills hydrogen produces stimulated Raman scattering (SRS), and the frequency formula of its scattered light is ω slqand ω asl+ ω q(wherein ω lfor the exciting light frequency of laser, ω qcorresponding optical phonon frequency during for atom or molecular vibration or rotational energy level change, ω sand ω asbe respectively stokes light and anti-Stokes light frequency).Using hydrogen as Raman medium, be positioned at outside low loss window because its unique filtering characteristic of HC-PCF makes the stokes light that vibrates stokes light and high-order, last outgoing be mainly the single order stokes light being produced by pure rotation stimulated raman scattering.
The advantage that the present invention has is: adjust the polarization state of incident light by Polarization Controller, improved wavelength conversion efficiency; By the light collecting light ability of the aspheric surface collimater raising coupling efficiency that can reduce the wastage; Take away in time the heat of Raman frequency shift process by gas circulator, improved Raman conversion efficiency; Hydrogen gas cylinder with pressure-reducing valve changes annular seal space internal pressure, utilizes the good nonlinear characteristic of HC-PCF and mode transfer characteristic to reduce pumping threshold power, has greatly promoted energy conversion efficiency.Low threshold value makes this system more easily mate use with the laser of different capacity; High energy conversion efficiency is for high power 1.9 μ m laser surgeys provide possibility in medical treatment, and 1.9 μ m high energy lasers have also promoted the development of the military field such as laser radar and laser ranging simultaneously.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of a kind of hollow-core photonic crystal fiber provided by the invention and annular seal space composite type 1.9 mum wavelength transducers;
Fig. 2 is exhaust outlet and the optical fiber collimator position view of annular seal space of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is hollow-core photonic crystal fiber of the present invention and annular seal space (sealed cavity) assembled scheme and conventional Raman pond energy conversion efficiency comparison diagram;
In accompanying drawing, 1. laser, 2. Polarization Controller, 3. hydrogen gas cylinder, 4. annular seal space, 5. hollow-core photonic crystal fiber, 6. optical fiber collimator, 7. lens, 8. exhaust outlet, 9. air inlet, 10. gas circulator, 11. plane mirrors, 12. beam splitters.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiment provided by the invention is described in further detail.
A kind of hollow-core photonic crystal fiber as shown in Figure 1 and annular seal space composite type 1.9 mum wavelength transducers, it comprises that it is the power tunable Nd:YAG nanosecoud pulse laser of 5ns energy lower than 330mJ that laser (1) adopts 1064nm pulsewidth; Polarization Controller (2) uses the polarizer that can adjust arbitrarily polarization state; Optical fiber collimator (6) adopts the aspheric surface optical fiber collimator that focal length is 18mm, and its position faces hollow-core photonic crystal fiber (5); Hydrogen gas cylinder (3) is with pressure-reducing valve, to the hydrogen that is filled with certain pressure intensity in annular seal space (4); Annular seal space (4) is made up of stainless steel, can bear 100atm; Hollow-core photonic crystal fiber (5) core diameter is 10 μ m, and length is 2m; Lens (7) adopt the achromatic micro objective of 20 times.
As shown in Figure 2, annular seal space (4) incidence window place, the exhaust outlet (8) of gas circulator (10) is close to optical fiber collimator (6), the position of same air inlet (9) in outgoing end face and exhaust outlet (8) symmetry, optical fiber collimator (6) faces hollow-core photonic crystal fiber (5) incident end face and a bit of distance of being separated by, and the positive and negative pressure that gas circulator (10) produces at exhaust outlet (8) and air inlet (9) so just can make inner the mobile of hydrogen that produce of hollow-core photonic crystal fiber (5).
As shown in Figure 3, the present invention contrasts the energy conversion efficiency of hollow-core photonic crystal fiber and annular seal space assembled scheme and conventional Raman pond, the required pump energy of conventional Raman pond is very high, and pressure in chamber is adjusted to 50atm, and energy conversion efficiency generally only has 20%-30%.Adopt the scheme of the adjustable annular seal space combination of the good HC-PCF of nonlinear effect and mode transfer characteristic and internal pressure only to need 30atm just energy conversion efficiency can be risen to 35%-45%.
Be described in further detail the technical problem of supporting that hollow-core photonic crystal fiber provided by the invention and annular seal space composite type 1.9 mum wavelength transducers can solve below by the concrete operations principle in the present embodiment and step.
The first step:, make laser can enter smoothly hollow-core photonic crystal fiber (5) by the axle center adjustment of Polarization Controller (2), optical fiber collimator (6), hollow-core photonic crystal fiber (5), lens (7) point-blank.
Second step: first drain the interior air of annular seal space (4) with vacuum pump, re-use hydrogen gas cylinder (3) and inject hydrogen in annular seal space (4), the stable gas pressure in chamber to be sealed (4) is carried out next step operation in the time of 30atm again.
The 3rd step: the 10mJ pulse laser of exporting energy stabilization after 1064nmNd:YAG laser (1) preheating through built-in attenuator adjustment.
The 4th step: in advance Polarization Controller (2) is adjusted to polarization place, λ/4, the laser after laser (1) attenuator is adjusted changes circularly polarized light into through Polarization Controller (2).
The 5th step: aspheric surface optical fiber collimator (6) has optical field distribution adjustment capability flexibly, laser low-loss after aspheric surface optical fiber collimator (6) is coupled in hollow-core photonic crystal fiber (5) to be transmitted with the guided wave mode of basic mode.
The 6th step: in transmitting procedure, gas circulator (10) circulates hollow-core photonic crystal fiber (5) internal hydrogen, take away timely the heat of Raman frequency shift process, laser fully contacts and produces after stimulated Raman scattering with hollow-core photonic crystal fiber (5) internal hydrogen like this, final emergent light comprises single order stokes light, second order of Stokes light and pump light, its wavelength is 1907nm, 9186nm, 1064nm respectively, and wherein stimulated Raman scattering wavelength is taking single order stokes light 1907nm as main.
The 7th step: emergent light, through the output of lens (7) focussed collimated, obtains finally by crossing beam splitter (12) pulse laser that wavelength is 1907nm, and output energy is about 4mJ, and its energy conversion efficiency can reach 40%.

Claims (6)

1. hollow-core photonic crystal fiber and annular seal space composite type 1.9 mum wavelength transducers, comprise laser (1), Polarization Controller (2), hydrogen gas cylinder (3), annular seal space (4), hollow-core photonic crystal fiber (5), optical fiber collimator (6), lens (7), exhaust outlet (8), air inlet (9), gas circulator (10), plane mirror (11), beam splitter (12).It is characterized in that laser (1) and Polarization Controller (2) form light-source system, light-source system rear portion is equipped with annular seal space (4), annular seal space (4) is connected with the hydrogen gas cylinder (3) with pressure-reducing valve, the inner hollow-core photonic crystal fiber (5) of placing of annular seal space (4), the incident end face of optical fiber is connected with optical fiber collimator (6), the exhaust outlet (8) of annular seal space (4), air inlet (9) is connected with gas circulator (10), finally sealed chamber (4) rear positions is equipped with lens (7), plane mirror (11) and beam splitter (12).
2. a kind of hollow-core photonic crystal fiber according to claim 1 and annular seal space composite type 1.9 mum wavelength transducers, is characterized in that: described laser (1) is 1064nm Nd:YAG nanosecoud pulse laser, and carries attenuator.
3. a kind of hollow-core photonic crystal fiber according to claim 1 and annular seal space composite type 1.9 mum wavelength transducers, is characterized in that: described annular seal space (4) adopts stainless steel to make, and can bear 100atm.
4. a kind of hollow-core photonic crystal fiber according to claim 1 and annular seal space composite type 1.9 mum wavelength transducers, it is characterized in that: described hollow-core photonic crystal fiber (5) is placed in annular seal space (4) inside that is full of high pressure hydrogen, and the hollow core portion of photonic crystal fiber is also full of high pressure hydrogen.
5. a kind of hollow-core photonic crystal fiber according to claim 1 and annular seal space composite type 1.9 mum wavelength transducers, is characterized in that: described optical fiber collimator (6) adopts the non-spherical lens of high light collecting light ability.
6. a kind of hollow-core photonic crystal fiber according to claim 1 and annular seal space composite type 1.9 mum wavelength transducers, it is characterized in that: the exhaust outlet (8) of described gas circulator is in the position of annular seal space (4) near optical fiber collimator (6), and air inlet (9) and exhaust outlet (8) are in symmetric position.
CN201310195310.9A 2013-05-22 2013-05-22 A kind of hollow-core photonic crystal fiber and the mum wavelength converter of annular seal space combined type 1.9 Expired - Fee Related CN104184042B (en)

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JP2018518703A (en) * 2015-05-14 2018-07-12 コヒレント, インコーポレイテッド Transmission of polarized laser radiation using hollow core fiber
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CN113557472A (en) * 2019-03-04 2021-10-26 Asml荷兰有限公司 Hollow core photonic crystal fiber based optical component for producing broadband radiation
CN114754800A (en) * 2022-06-15 2022-07-15 中国船舶重工集团公司第七0七研究所 Method and system for assembling hollow microstructure fiber optic gyroscope light path

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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2018518703A (en) * 2015-05-14 2018-07-12 コヒレント, インコーポレイテッド Transmission of polarized laser radiation using hollow core fiber
CN113557472A (en) * 2019-03-04 2021-10-26 Asml荷兰有限公司 Hollow core photonic crystal fiber based optical component for producing broadband radiation
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CN113557472B (en) * 2019-03-04 2023-04-07 Asml荷兰有限公司 Hollow core photonic crystal fiber based optical component for producing broadband radiation
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CN111969399A (en) * 2020-07-22 2020-11-20 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 Pulse self-compression system based on Kagome hollow photonic crystal fiber and coupling adjustment method thereof
CN111969399B (en) * 2020-07-22 2021-09-14 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 Pulse self-compression system based on Kagome hollow photonic crystal fiber and coupling adjustment method thereof
CN114754800A (en) * 2022-06-15 2022-07-15 中国船舶重工集团公司第七0七研究所 Method and system for assembling hollow microstructure fiber optic gyroscope light path
CN114754800B (en) * 2022-06-15 2022-09-06 中国船舶重工集团公司第七0七研究所 Hollow microstructure fiber optic gyroscope light path assembly method and system

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