CN104181279A - Method for predicting aging failure rule and service life of polymer material under multiple environmental factors - Google Patents
Method for predicting aging failure rule and service life of polymer material under multiple environmental factors Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for predicting the aging failure rule and the service life of a polymer material under multiple environmental factors, belonging to the field of high polymer materials. According to the method, a lifetime characteristic index-aging time curve of the polymer material under an acceleration condition is obtained based on an accelerated aging test under the multiple environmental factors, corresponding aging failure acceleration factors are calculated by virtue of an Arrhenius formula, a reciprocity method and a superposition rule, an aging failure curve in a normal service environment (with multiple aging factors) is extrapolated from the failure curve under the acceleration condition by virtue of the aging failure acceleration factors, and the aging failure rule of the polymer material is predicted. The method has the beneficial effects of short test cycle, good repeatability, simplicity in theoretical derivation and high prediction reliability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the aging law of polymeric material and the Forecasting Methodology in life-span under many environmental factors, belong to polymeric material field.
Background technology
Polymeric material is easy to degrade under long service environment, comprises the processes such as photochemical degradation, oxidative degradation and the hydrolysis independent or while.Such degradation process can cause the significant physics of material or altered chemical structure, finally causes the performance failure of material.Therefore,, along with polymkeric substance, polymer blending and compound substance are more and more applied to the structured material in daily life and industrial circle, it is very necessary that the prediction in its long service life-span becomes.
But, real long service environmental aging test normally consuming time and can expend a large amount of manpower financial capacities, this makes the directly service life test to the polymeric material under normal environment for use become unrealistic.Therefore, growing to the forecast demand of polymkeric substance term of life by the means of accelerated deterioration.Conventionally, the inefficacy of polymeric material can be accelerated by strengthening aging condition.Up to the present, the existing much work based on single factor aging condition intensifying method, is devoted to study the service life prediction that single factors is accelerated.These methods comprise that by raising the single aging actions such as temperature, irradiation, relative humidity or oxygen pressure accelerate the failure behaviour of polymeric material, predict aging law and the burn-out life of material under practical service environment by the failure regularity curve of extrapolating under single accelerated ageing conditions, saving experimental period that can be to a certain degree.
But the accelerated aging test under single factors is degradation process and the mechanism of simulation material entirety under normal many aging actions of environment for use condition completely.And for shortening test period, too single factor condition of strengthening may cause the change of agine mechaism, causes the failure of life prediction.For example, in raising temperature accelerated deterioration process, while utilizing Arrhenius formula that the ageing failure curve of polymeric material under high temperature is extrapolated to normal serviceability temperature, tend to the inconsistent linear deviation phenomenon that occurs Arrhenius curve due to agine mechaism under high temperature and low temperature, cause extrapolating unsuccessfully.Therefore apply single factor strengthening accelerated aging test and carry out life prediction reliability deficiency, in life prediction process, have greater risk.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned deficiency, the invention provides the Forecasting Methodology of the aging law of polymeric material under a kind of many environmental factors, the method test period is short, reproducible, theoretical derivation simply, predicting reliability is high.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
First technical matters that the present invention will solve is to provide the Forecasting Methodology of polymeric material aging law under a kind of many environmental factors, comprises the steps:
A, polymeric material carry out the indoor accelerated deterioration experiment under multifactor aging condition, obtain life characteristics index-digestion time curve of polymeric material, i.e. ageing failure curve; Described life characteristics index is in practical service environment, can reflect polymeric material degree of aging and can be used for the characteristic index of characterize polymers material failure;
B, calculating accelerated deterioration factors A F, AF adopts following formula to calculate:
in formula, X is the aging condition except temperature, and p is the constant relevant with material, E
afor degraded apparent activation energy, R is gas law constant, and T is aging temperature;
C, utilize the b step gained accelerated deterioration factor, step a gained ageing failure curve extrapolation is obtained to the life characteristics index-digestion time curve under long-term practical service environment, thereby realized the prediction of polymeric material aging law under many environmental factors.
In step a, definite mode that polymeric material carries out the multifactor aging condition of indoor accelerated deterioration experiment is:
Polymeric material carries out respectively the indoor accelerated deterioration experiment under every single factor aging condition, thereby determines the responsive aging condition of polymeric material, and the combination of every responsive aging condition is multifactor aging condition; Wherein, the i.e. existence of this aging condition of responsive aging condition directly causes the aging condition of polymeric material life characteristics index with digestion time generation marked change; As for PP material, responsive aging condition refers to temperature, irradiation and oxygen pressure.
In the present invention, responsive aging condition comprises environmental factor, and environmental factor comprises at least one in chemical factor (temperature, irradiation, relative humidity, oxygen pressure, acid rain), physical factor (stress, dust) and biodyne (microorganism).
The life characteristics index of polymeric material described in step a is definite according to the failure mechanism of polymeric material and purposes, and it is highly associated with the polymeric material life-span.
Concrete, the life characteristics index of polymeric material is at least one in apparent property, mechanical property, fire resistance, electrical property, molecular structure, crystalline texture.
More specifically, described apparent property is at least one in yellow colour index, surface gloss or surfaceness; Mechanical property is at least one in breaking elongation, pulling strengrth, Young modulus or breakaway poing stress; Fire resistance is at least one in smoke density, limited oxygen index or ignition temperature; Electrical property is at least one in specific insulation or surface resistivity; Molecular structure is at least one in molecular weight, carbonyl index, contact angle or surface chemistry group content; Crystalline texture is at least one in crystallinity or long period.
Concrete, in the time that polymkeric substance is polypropylene (PP), life characteristics index is at least one in breaking elongation, limited oxygen index, molecular weight, carbonyl index or long period; In the time that polymkeric substance is tygon (PE), life characteristics index is at least one in breaking elongation, specific insulation, limited oxygen index, molecular weight, carbonyl index or long period; In the time that polymkeric substance is polyamide (PA6), life characteristics index is at least one in breaking elongation, molecular weight, carbonyl index or long period; In the time that polymkeric substance is polycarbonate (PC), life characteristics index is at least one in breaking elongation, carbonyl index or molecular weight.
In step b, definite method of the computing formula of speedup factor AF is:
During under the multifactor aging condition of polymeric material, indoor accelerated deterioration is tested, change a certain single factor aging condition, fix other factor aging conditions, determine the quantitative relationship between variation and every single factor aging condition of life characteristics index based on Arrhenius formula, reciprocal rule, based on stack rule, determine the relation of life characteristics index and multifactor aging condition again;
Described Arrhenius formula is k
t=A
texp (E
a/ RT), in formula, k is the degradation rate that polymeric material life characteristics target temperature relies on, A
tfor the pre-exponential factor that temperature relies on, E
afor degraded apparent activation energy, R is gas law constant, and T is aging temperature;
Reciprocal rule k
x=A
x(X)
p, in formula, X is the aging condition except temperature, p is the constant relevant with material, determines p value, k by exponential function matching
xwith A
xfor relying on degradation rate and the pre-exponential factor of this aging condition;
Stack rule k
aLL=k
tk
x=A
aLLexp (E
a/ RT) (X)
p, k in formula
aLLand A
aLLfor degradation rate and the pre-exponential factor of life characteristics index under multifactor aging condition;
Speedup factor
k
aLL1and k
aLL2be respectively the degradation rate of polymeric material under accelerated ageing conditions and regular service condition.
Concrete, when polymeric material is PP, the Forecasting Methodology of its aging law comprises the steps:
1), PP material carries out indoor accelerated deterioration experiment according to the method for GB/T 16422.2-1999, obtains carbonyl index-days of ageing curve of PP, i.e. ageing failure curve;
2), calculate accelerated deterioration factors A F, the calculating of AF employing following formula:
in formula, I is irradiance, and T is aging temperature, and O is oxygen pressure, and p is that 0.5, q is 1, E
afor 49KJ/mol, R is 8.314J mol
-1k
-1;
3), step 1 gained ageing failure curve is multiplied by the step 2 gained accelerated deterioration factor and obtains the carbonyl index-days of ageing curve under long-term practical service environment; Thereby realize the prediction of PP aging law under many environmental factors.
Concrete, when polymeric material is PE, the Forecasting Methodology of its aging law comprises the steps:
1), PE material carries out indoor accelerated deterioration experiment according to the method for GB/T 16422.2-1999, obtains carbonyl index-days of ageing curve of PE, i.e. ageing failure curve;
2), calculate accelerated deterioration factors A F, the calculating of AF employing following formula:
in formula, I is irradiance, and T is aging temperature, and O is oxygen pressure, and p is that 1, q is 1, E
afor 14.3KJ/mol, R is 8.314J mol
-1k
-1;
3), step 1 gained ageing failure curve is multiplied by the step 2 gained accelerated deterioration factor and obtains the carbonyl index-days of ageing curve under long-term practical service environment; Thereby realize the prediction of the aging law of PE under many environmental factors.
Concrete, when polymeric material is PC, the Forecasting Methodology of its aging law comprises the steps:
1), PC material carries out indoor accelerated deterioration experiment according to the method for GB/T 16422.2-1999, obtains carbonyl index-days of ageing curve of PC, i.e. ageing failure curve;
2), calculate accelerated deterioration factors A F, the calculating of AF employing following formula:
in formula, I is irradiance, and T is aging temperature, and [RH] is relative humidity, and p is that 1, q is 2, E
afor 21KJ/mol, R is 8.314J mol
-1k
-1;
3), step 1 gained ageing failure curve is multiplied by the step 2 gained accelerated deterioration factor and obtains the carbonyl index-days of ageing curve under long-term practical service environment; Thereby realize the prediction of the aging law of PC under many environmental factors.
Second technical matters that the present invention will solve is to provide the Forecasting Methodology in polymeric material ageing failure life-span under a kind of many environmental factors, comprises the steps:
A, polymeric material carry out the indoor accelerated deterioration experiment under multifactor aging condition, obtain life characteristics index-digestion time curve of polymeric material, i.e. ageing failure curve; Described life characteristics index is in practical service environment, can reflect polymeric material degree of aging and can be used for the characteristic index of characterize polymers material failure;
B, calculating accelerated deterioration factors A F, AF adopts following formula to calculate:
in formula, X is the aging condition except temperature, and p is the constant relevant with material, E
afor degraded apparent activation energy, R is gas law constant, and T is aging temperature;
C, utilize the b step gained accelerated deterioration factor, step a gained ageing failure curve extrapolation is obtained to the life characteristics index-digestion time curve under long-term practical service environment;
The failure criteria of life characteristics index-digestion time curve conjugated polymer material that d, step c obtain is determined the ageing failure life-span of polymeric material; The failure criteria of polymeric material is determined according to failure mechanism, environment for use and the purposes of polymeric material.
A, the b of the Forecasting Methodology in above-mentioned polymeric material ageing failure life-span, c step are with the Forecasting Methodology of aforementioned polymeric material aging law.
Concrete, under above-mentioned many environmental factors in the Forecasting Methodology in polymeric material ageing failure life-span, definite mode of the polymeric material failure criteria in steps d is: polymeric material uses initial life characteristics desired value to be designated as A, when being reduced to it, A shows that polymeric material lost efficacy 50% time, the burn-out life that when A drops to 50% from initial value to it, required time is polymeric material.
In the present invention, described polymeric material is polymkeric substance, blend polymer or polymer matrix composite.
Described polymkeric substance is at least one in polyolefin, aromatic polyester, aliphatic polyester, polyamide, polystyrene, Polyvinylchloride, polycarbonate.
Described polyolefin is tygon, polypropylene and multipolymer thereof, described aromatic polyester polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene terephthalate, and described polyamide is nylon 6, nylon 66, NYLON610.
Described polymer matrix composite is the compound of at least one and inorganic filler in polyolefin, aromatic polyester, aliphatic polyester, polyamide, polystyrene, Polyvinylchloride, polycarbonate, and wherein inorganic filler is at least one in Nano/micron grade silicon dioxide, carbon black, carbon nano-tube, Graphene, calcium carbonate, mica, talcum powder, clay, glass fibre, glass microballoon, carbon fiber, metal powder or wood powder.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The inventive method is utilized the accelerated aging test under multifactor aging condition, obtain polymeric material ageing failure curve under acceleration environment, calculate corresponding ageing failure speedup factor by Arrhenius formula, reciprocal rule and stack rule, the failure curve that utilizes this speedup factor to will speed up under condition is extrapolated to the ageing failure curve under normal environment for use (many aging actions), and then in conjunction with corresponding criterion, determine the long service life-span of polymeric material.The income approach test period of the present invention is short, reproducible, theoretical derivation simply, and predicting reliability is high.
Brief description of the drawings
The carbonyl index growth curve of Fig. 1 polypropylene under the outdoor unaccelerated aging condition of indoor accelerated deterioration and Hailaer.
Fig. 2 polypropylene is in predicted value and the experiment value comparison of Hailaer carbonyl index growth curve.
The carbonyl index growth curve of Fig. 3 polypropylene under the outdoor unaccelerated aging condition of indoor accelerated deterioration and Guangzhou.
Fig. 4 polypropylene is in predicted value and the experiment value comparison of Guangzhou carbonyl index growth curve.
Embodiment
What below enumerate is some specific embodiment of the present invention, to describe the present invention.It should be noted that the present invention is obviously not limited to following embodiment, can also have many distortion.All distortion that those of ordinary skill in the art can directly derive or associate from content disclosed by the invention, all should be considered to protection scope of the present invention.
The Forecasting Methodology of polymeric material Hailaer outdoor aging failure regularity under embodiment environmental factor more than 1 condition
Polymeric material adopts polypropylene (T30s, Dushanzi petrochemical industry), then further prepares by injection moulding the dumbbell-shaped specimen that meets ASTM extension test standard.
Using xenon lamp aging chamber (CI 3000+, Atlas) is 55 ± 0.5 DEG C to the dumbbell-shaped specimen of preparation in experimental box temperature, and blackboard temperature is 70 ± 0.5 DEG C, and relative humidity is 65 ± 5%, and irradiance is 0.55W/m
2/ nm (340nm place), carries out accelerated deterioration experiment (GB/T 16422.2-1999/ISO4892-2:1994) under the dry condition that adds 18min deionized water Sprayer Circulation of 102min.
Polypropylene tensile bars is carried out to the outdoor aging experiment in Hailaer, polypropylene tensile bars is positioned over to the aging of 45° angle to the south to be exposed to the open air on frame, batten two ends are undertaken exposing (GB/T 3681-2000/ISO877-1994) to the open air without backing by aluminium sheet clamping, the outdoor environment parameter of Hailaer is: height above sea level 647m, 14.4 DEG C of the annual highest temperatures, annual irradiation 4385MJ/m
2, annual oxygen pressure 0.019MPa.
Different digestion time sections sample above-mentioned indoor senile experiment and outdoor experiment, obtain corresponding carbonyl index by infrared test, obtain the carbonyl index growth curve of polypropylene under indoor accelerated deterioration and outdoor unaccelerated aging condition, as shown in Figure 1.
For the polypropylene material in the present embodiment, learn according to PP outdoor aging experiment condition, the critical environments factor (being responsive aging condition) that affects its life characteristics index carbonyl index is temperature, irradiation and oxygen pressure, and the publicity of therefore calculating its speedup factor is
in formula, I is irradiance, and O is oxygen pressure, and parameter p is got 0.5, q and got 1, E
aget 49KJ/mol, R is 8.314J mol
-1k
-1.
Utilize the speedup factor that obtains, can dope the carbonyl growth curve of polypropylene carbon back index in Hailaer, itself and real outdoor carbonyl index growth curve more as shown in Figure 2.Can see by Fig. 2, utilize Forecasting Methodology of the present invention, extrapolate measured value maximum error under predicted value and the outdoor unaccelerated aging condition based on the indoor accelerated deterioration data of polypropylene in 13% left and right, result is more consistent.
Visible, utilize Forecasting Methodology of the present invention, after the acquisition indoor accelerated deterioration data of 30 days, can extrapolate the Hailaer aging law of 901 days under its outdoor unaccelerated aging condition; Compare with real outdoor unaccelerated aging experiment, this method can be predicted the aging law of polymeric material under many environmental factors accurately, and can significantly save experimental period (saving approximately 870 days), reduces experimental cost.And after corresponding criterion, can predicting long-term service life.
The Forecasting Methodology of polymeric material Guangzhou outdoor aging failure regularity under embodiment environmental factor more than 2 condition
Polymeric material adopts polypropylene (T30s, Dushanzi petrochemical industry), then further prepares by injection moulding the dumbbell-shaped specimen that meets ASTM extension test standard.
Using xenon lamp aging chamber (CI 3000+, Atlas) is 55 ± 0.5 DEG C to the dumbbell-shaped specimen of preparation in experimental box temperature, and blackboard temperature is 70 ± 0.5 DEG C, and relative humidity is 65 ± 5%, and irradiance is 0.55W/m
2/ nm (340nm place), carries out accelerated deterioration experiment (GB/T 16422.2-1999/ISO4892-2:1994) under the dry condition that adds 18min deionized water Sprayer Circulation of 102min.
Polypropylene tensile bars is carried out to the outdoor aging experiment in Guangzhou, polypropylene tensile bars is positioned over to the aging of 45° angle to the south and exposes to the open air on frame, batten two ends are undertaken exposing (GB/T 3681-2000/ISO877-1994) to the open air without backing by aluminium sheet clamping.The outdoor environment parameter in Guangzhou is: height above sea level 6.6m, 31.0 DEG C of the annual highest temperatures, annual irradiation 3228MJ/m
2, annual oxygen pressure 0.021MPa.
Different digestion time sections sample above-mentioned indoor senile experiment and outdoor experiment, obtain corresponding carbonyl index by infrared test, obtain the carbonyl index growth curve of polypropylene under indoor accelerated deterioration and outdoor unaccelerated aging condition, obtain respectively the carbonyl index growth curve of polypropylene under indoor accelerated deterioration and outdoor unaccelerated aging condition as shown in Figure 3.
For the polypropylene material in the present embodiment, the critical environments factor that affects its important performance/structure index is temperature, irradiation and oxygen pressure, and the formula that therefore calculates its speedup factor is
in formula, I is irradiance, and O is oxygen pressure, and parameter p gets 0.5, and parameter q is got 1, E
aget 49KJ/mol, R is 8.314J mol
-1k
-1.
Utilize the speedup factor that obtains, can calculate the carbonyl index growth curve of polypropylene important structure index in Guangzhou, with real outdoor carbonyl index growth curve more as shown in Figure 4.Can see by Fig. 4, utilize Forecasting Methodology of the present invention, extrapolate measured value maximum error under predicted value and the outdoor unaccelerated aging condition based on the indoor accelerated deterioration data of polypropylene in 13% left and right, result is more consistent.
Visible, utilize Forecasting Methodology of the present invention, after the acquisition indoor accelerated deterioration data of 30 days, can extrapolate the Guangzhou aging law of 310 days under its outdoor unaccelerated aging condition; Compare with real outdoor unaccelerated aging experiment, this method can significantly be saved experimental period (saving approximately 280 days), reduces experimental cost.And after corresponding criterion, can predicting long-term service life.
Claims (10)
1. more than, the Forecasting Methodology of polymeric material aging law under environmental factor, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
A, polymeric material carry out the indoor accelerated deterioration experiment under multifactor aging condition, obtain life characteristics index-digestion time curve of polymeric material, i.e. ageing failure curve; Described life characteristics index is in practical service environment, can reflect polymeric material degree of aging and can be used for the characteristic index of characterize polymers material failure;
B, calculating accelerated deterioration factors A F, AF adopts following formula to calculate:
in formula, X is the aging condition except temperature, and p is the constant relevant with material, E
afor degraded apparent activation energy, R is gas law constant, and T is aging temperature;
C, utilize the b step gained accelerated deterioration factor, step a gained ageing failure curve extrapolation is obtained to the life characteristics index-digestion time curve under long-term practical service environment, thereby realized the prediction of polymeric material aging law under many environmental factors.
2. the Forecasting Methodology of polymeric material aging law under many environmental factors according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step a, definite mode that polymeric material carries out the multifactor aging condition of indoor accelerated deterioration experiment is:
Polymeric material carries out respectively the indoor accelerated deterioration experiment under every single factor aging condition, thereby determines the responsive aging condition of polymeric material, and the combination of every responsive aging condition is multifactor aging condition; Wherein, the i.e. existence of this aging condition of responsive aging condition directly causes the aging condition of polymeric material life characteristics index with digestion time generation marked change; Preferably, responsive aging condition is chemical factor, physical factor or biodyne; Further, described chemical factor is at least one in temperature, irradiation, relative humidity, oxygen pressure or acid rain; Described physical factor is at least one in stress or dust; Described biodyne is microorganism.
3. the Forecasting Methodology of polymeric material aging law under many environmental factors according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that,
The life characteristics index of polymeric material described in step a is definite according to the failure mechanism of polymeric material and purposes, and it is highly associated with the polymeric material life-span; Preferably, the life characteristics index of polymeric material is at least one in apparent property, mechanical property, fire resistance, electrical property, molecular structure, crystalline texture; Preferred, described apparent property is at least one in yellow colour index, surface gloss or surfaceness; Mechanical property is at least one in breaking elongation, pulling strengrth, Young modulus or breakaway poing stress; Fire resistance is at least one in smoke density, limited oxygen index or ignition temperature; Electrical property is at least one in specific insulation or surface resistivity; Molecular structure is at least one in molecular weight, carbonyl index, contact angle or surface chemistry group content; Crystalline texture is at least one in crystallinity or long period;
Further, in the time that polymkeric substance is polypropylene, life characteristics index is at least one in breaking elongation, limited oxygen index, molecular weight, carbonyl index or long period; In the time that polymkeric substance is tygon, life characteristics index is at least one in breaking elongation, specific insulation, limited oxygen index, molecular weight, carbonyl index or long period; In the time that polymkeric substance is polyamide, life characteristics index is at least one in breaking elongation, molecular weight, carbonyl index or long period; In the time that polymkeric substance is polycarbonate, life characteristics index is at least one in breaking elongation, carbonyl index or molecular weight.
4. according to the Forecasting Methodology of polymeric material aging law under the many environmental factors described in claim 1～3 any one, it is characterized in that, in step b, definite method of the computing formula of speedup factor AF is:
During under the multifactor aging condition of polymeric material, indoor accelerated deterioration is tested, change a certain single factor aging condition, fix other factor aging conditions, determine the quantitative relationship between variation and every single factor aging condition of life characteristics index based on Arrhenius formula, reciprocal rule, based on stack rule, determine the relation of life characteristics index and multifactor aging condition again;
Described Arrhenius formula is k
t=A
texp (E
a/ RT), in formula, k is the degradation rate that polymeric material life characteristics target temperature relies on, A
tfor the pre-exponential factor that temperature relies on, E
afor degraded apparent activation energy, R is gas law constant, and T is aging temperature;
Reciprocal rule k
x=A
x(X)
p, in formula, X is the aging condition except temperature, p is the constant relevant with material, determines p value, k by exponential function matching
xwith A
xfor relying on degradation rate and the pre-exponential factor of this aging condition;
Stack rule k
aLL=k
tk
x=A
aLLexp (E
a/ RT) (X)
p, k in formula
aLLand A
aLLfor degradation rate and the pre-exponential factor of life characteristics index under multifactor aging condition;
Speedup factor
k
aLL1and k
aLL2be respectively the degradation rate of polymeric material under accelerated ageing conditions and regular service condition.
5. according to the Forecasting Methodology of polymeric material aging law under the many environmental factors described in claim 1～4 any one, it is characterized in that, in the time that polymeric material is PP, PE or PC, the Forecasting Methodology of its aging law comprises the steps:
1), PP, PE or PC material carry out indoor accelerated deterioration experiment according to the method for GB/T 16422.2-1999, obtains respectively carbonyl index-days of ageing curve of PP, PE or PC material, i.e. ageing failure curve;
2), calculate accelerated deterioration factors A F:
In the time that polymeric material is PP or PE, AF adopts following formula to calculate:
in formula, I is irradiance, and T is aging temperature, and O is oxygen pressure, and R is 8.314J mol
-1k
-1; In the time that polymeric material is PP, p is that 0.5, q is 1, E
afor 49KJ/mol; In the time that polymeric material is PE, p is that 1, q is 1, E
afor 14.3KJ/mol;
In the time that polymeric material is PC, AF adopts following formula to calculate:
in formula, I is irradiance, and T is aging temperature, and [RH] is relative humidity, and p is that 1, q is 2, E
afor 21KJ/mol, R is 8.314J mol
-1k
-1;
3), step 1 gained ageing failure curve is multiplied by the step 2 gained accelerated deterioration factor and obtains the carbonyl index-days of ageing curve under long-term practical service environment; Thereby realize the prediction of PP aging law under many environmental factors.
6. more than, the Forecasting Methodology in polymeric material ageing failure life-span under environmental factor, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
A, polymeric material carry out the indoor accelerated deterioration experiment under multifactor aging condition, obtain life characteristics index-digestion time curve of polymeric material, i.e. ageing failure curve; Described life characteristics index is in practical service environment, can reflect polymeric material degree of aging and can be used for the characteristic index of characterize polymers material failure;
B, calculating accelerated deterioration factors A F, AF adopts following formula to calculate:
in formula, X is the aging condition except temperature, and p is the constant relevant with material, E
afor degraded apparent activation energy, R is gas law constant, and T is aging temperature;
C, utilize the b step gained accelerated deterioration factor, step a gained ageing failure curve extrapolation is obtained to the life characteristics index-digestion time curve under long-term practical service environment;
The failure criteria of life characteristics index-digestion time curve conjugated polymer material that d, step c obtain is determined the ageing failure life-span of polymeric material; The failure criteria of polymeric material is determined according to failure mechanism, environment for use and the purposes of polymeric material.
7. the Forecasting Methodology in polymeric material ageing failure life-span under many environmental factors according to claim 6, is characterized in that, in step a, definite mode that polymeric material carries out the multifactor aging condition of indoor accelerated deterioration experiment is:
Polymeric material carries out respectively the indoor accelerated deterioration experiment under every single factor aging condition, thereby determines the responsive aging condition of polymeric material, and the combination of every responsive aging condition is multifactor aging condition; Wherein, the i.e. existence of this aging condition of responsive aging condition directly causes the aging condition of polymeric material life characteristics index with digestion time generation marked change.
8. according to the Forecasting Methodology in polymeric material ageing failure life-span under the many environmental factors described in claim 6 or 7, it is characterized in that, the life characteristics index of polymeric material described in step a is definite according to the failure mechanism of polymeric material and purposes, and it is highly associated with the polymeric material life-span; Preferably, the life characteristics index of polymeric material is at least one in apparent property, mechanical property, fire resistance, electrical property, molecular structure, crystalline texture; Preferred, described apparent property is at least one in yellow colour index, surface gloss or surfaceness; Mechanical property is at least one in breaking elongation, pulling strengrth, Young modulus or breakaway poing stress; Fire resistance is at least one in smoke density, limited oxygen index or ignition temperature; Electrical property is at least one in specific insulation or surface resistivity; Molecular structure is at least one in molecular weight, carbonyl index, contact angle or surface chemistry group content; Crystalline texture is at least one in crystallinity or long period.
9. according to the Forecasting Methodology in polymeric material ageing failure life-span under the many environmental factors described in claim 6～8 any one, it is characterized in that, in step b, definite method of the computing formula of speedup factor AF is:
During under the multifactor aging condition of polymeric material, indoor accelerated deterioration is tested, change a certain single factor aging condition, fix other factor aging conditions, determine the quantitative relationship between variation and every single factor aging condition of life characteristics index based on Arrhenius formula, reciprocal rule, based on stack rule, determine the relation of life characteristics index and multifactor aging condition again;
Described Arrhenius formula is k
t=A
texp (E
a/ RT), in formula, k is the degradation rate that polymeric material life characteristics target temperature relies on, A
tfor the pre-exponential factor that temperature relies on, E
afor degraded apparent activation energy, R is gas law constant, and T is aging temperature;
Reciprocal rule k
x=A
x(X)
p, in formula, X is the aging condition except temperature, p is the constant relevant with material, determines p value, k by exponential function matching
xwith A
xfor relying on degradation rate and the pre-exponential factor of this aging condition;
Stack rule k
aLL=k
tk
x=A
aLLexp (E
a/ RT) (X)
p, k in formula
aLLand A
aLLfor degradation rate and the pre-exponential factor of life characteristics index under multifactor aging condition;
Speedup factor
k
aLL1and k
aLL2be respectively the degradation rate of polymeric material under accelerated ageing conditions and regular service condition.
10. according to the Forecasting Methodology in polymeric material ageing failure life-span under the many environmental factors described in claim 6～9 any one, it is characterized in that, definite mode of the polymeric material failure criteria in steps d is: polymeric material uses initial life characteristics desired value to be designated as A, show that when A is reduced to it polymeric material lost efficacy 50% time, A drops to its burn-out life that required time is polymeric material 50% time from initial value.
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Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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| WO2021056751A1 (en) * | 2019-09-25 | 2021-04-01 | 中国电器科学研究院股份有限公司 | Method for predicting service life of polystyrene material by using sun tracking concentration accelerated aging test |
| CN112611703A (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2021-04-06 | 上海浦东路桥(集团)有限公司 | Method for calculating and testing coupling aging acceleration rate of drainage asphalt pavement |
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| CN106872346B (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2019-05-28 | 北京应用气象研究所 | The calculation method of Train surface protective coating ultraviolet light and aging test accelerated factor |
| CN106872346A (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2017-06-20 | 北京应用气象研究所 | Train surface protective coating ultraviolet light and aging tests the computational methods of accelerated factor |
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| CN108469388B (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2020-11-24 | 上海大学 | Prediction method of dynamic storage modulus of high polymer under damp and hot conditions |
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| CN110879197B (en) * | 2019-10-17 | 2022-05-20 | 中国电器科学研究院股份有限公司 | Automobile exterior material artificial accelerated photo-thermal aging equivalent irradiation amount calculation method based on ultraviolet irradiation and sample surface temperature |
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| CN111474109B (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2023-05-26 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Test method for predicting service life of thermoplastic plastic in oil-gas environment |
| CN112611703A (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2021-04-06 | 上海浦东路桥(集团)有限公司 | Method for calculating and testing coupling aging acceleration rate of drainage asphalt pavement |
| CN112611703B (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2023-12-01 | 上海浦东路桥(集团)有限公司 | Drainage asphalt pavement coupling aging acceleration rate calculation and aging experiment method |
| CN114112881A (en) * | 2021-11-15 | 2022-03-01 | 四川大学 | Method for evaluating micro-plastic generation time of plastic product under action of multiple environmental factors |
| CN114112881B (en) * | 2021-11-15 | 2023-04-21 | 四川大学 | Method for evaluating generation time of plastic product microplastic under action of multiple environmental factors |
| CN113901677A (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2022-01-07 | 中国电器科学研究院股份有限公司 | Highlight powder coating service life prediction method based on surface gloss change |
| CN113901677B (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2022-03-25 | 中国电器科学研究院股份有限公司 | Highlight powder coating service life prediction method based on surface gloss change |
| CN116878857A (en) * | 2023-09-07 | 2023-10-13 | 中国船舶集团有限公司第七一九研究所 | Accelerated life test method and system for marine medium-temperature rubber flexible connecting pipe |
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