CN104181237A - Structural member flaw detection monitoring temperature compensating method and system thereof - Google Patents
Structural member flaw detection monitoring temperature compensating method and system thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a structural member flaw detection monitoring temperature compensating method and a system thereof, and relates to the technical filed of structure quality monitoring. The method is designed to solve the problems of complicate reference signal acquisition and the like of present structural member flaw detection monitoring temperature compensating methods. The structural member flaw detection monitoring temperature compensating method comprises the following steps: determining compensation parameter values by comparing the characteristics of a reference signal at any temperature with the characteristics of a current signal at the any temperature, and moving and deforming reference signal waves according to the compensation parameter values in order to realize the temperature compensation of the current signal. The method and the system can well eliminate the influences of the temperature change on the signal without acquiring a lot of reference signals under many temperatures, save a lot of time and operation cost for the structure quality monitoring, have strong practicality, and have a wide application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of structural health monitoring, in particular to a structural member flaw detection monitoring temperature compensation method and system.
Background
Under cyclic loading and the long-term effects of various extreme environments, damage to critical structures on aircraft and other mechanical equipment may occur, such as corrosion, deformation of metal structures, delamination, debonding of composite structures, and the like. If the damage cannot be found and maintained in time, great potential safety hazard is caused, so that the damage needs to be identified, and the identification method is to monitor a monitored part through a sensor to obtain a current signal and compare the current signal with a reference signal so as to obtain the conditions of the position, the size and the like of the damage.
Since the change of temperature affects the material properties of the structure, the properties of the sensor, the properties of the adhesive layer for bonding the sensor, and the like, when the temperature of the environment where the structure is located changes, the propagation properties of the signal wave, such as the amplitude, the wave speed, and the like, also change. When quantitative damage identification is carried out, a reference line method is often needed for signal analysis, and at this time, a large signal difference is often caused by small changes of wave amplitude and wave velocity, so that the damage identification result is seriously affected, and therefore temperature compensation is needed.
At present, there are many methods for temperature compensation, which basically divide the operating temperature of the structure into tens of small temperature intervals, and compare the current signal at a certain temperature with the reference signal at the corresponding temperature. This type of method has the advantage of being very reliable for any type of structure, but has the disadvantage that it is often cumbersome to acquire reference signals at various temperature intervals. For example, for a large airplane structure, a large temperature control workshop with high control precision is required to reduce the temperature of the structure to minus 50 ℃ or plus 60 ℃, which is difficult to achieve.
In view of the foregoing, there is a need for a temperature compensation method and system that can better eliminate the temperature effect without collecting reference signals of each temperature interval.
Disclosure of Invention
One object of the present invention is to provide a temperature compensation method for flaw detection monitoring of structural members, which can save a lot of time and operation cost for health monitoring of the structures.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a temperature compensation system for flaw detection monitoring of structural members, which can save a lot of time and operation cost for health monitoring of the structure.
To achieve the purpose, on one hand, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a structural member flaw detection monitoring temperature compensation method, the method comprising at least the steps of:
step A, providing a reference signal waveform diagram at a first temperature;
step B, obtaining a current signal oscillogram at a second temperature;
step C, taking a current signal characteristic point of a current signal wave at a second temperature, taking a reference signal characteristic point of a reference signal waveform at a first temperature, wherein the current signal characteristic points respectively correspond to the reference signal characteristic points, and comparing the current signal characteristic points with the reference signal characteristic points to obtain a compensation parameter value;
and D, moving and deforming the reference signal wave at the first temperature according to the compensation parameter values to obtain a reference signal oscillogram at the second temperature.
Furthermore, the reference signal waveform diagram and the current signal waveform diagram both take time as a horizontal axis and amplitude as a vertical axis, and the compensation parameters at least include time compensation parameters and amplitude compensation parameters.
Preferably, the signal characteristic point is a peak and/or a trough of the signal wave and/or an intersection point of the signal wave and the horizontal axis.
Preferably, the time compensation parameter is a characteristic point time difference between the reference signal wave at the first temperature and the reference signal wave at the second temperature.
Preferably, the reference signal at least includes a first reference signal and a second reference signal, and the reference signal is obtained by:
providing a first sensor, a second sensor and a monitored piece;
the first reference signal is a signal excited by the first sensor and directly transmitted to the second sensor;
the second reference signal is a signal that is excited by the first sensor, reflected by the monitored part, and then transmitted to the second sensor.
Preferably, the current signal at least includes a first current signal and a second current signal, and the current signal obtaining method includes:
providing a first sensor, a second sensor and a monitored piece;
the first current signal is a signal which is excited by the first sensor and is directly transmitted to the second sensor;
the second current signal is formed by two parts of signal superposition, one part is the signal which is excited by the first sensor and reflected by the monitored part and then transmitted to the second sensor, and the other part is the signal which is excited by the first sensor and reflected by the damaged part of the monitored part and then transmitted to the second sensor.
Preferably, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
taking characteristic points of a wave crest J1 (J1 t, J1 a) and a wave trough J2 (J2 t, J2 a) of the excitation signal,
taking characteristic point peaks B1 (B1 t, B1 a) and troughs B2 (B2 t, B2 a) of the first reference signal at the first temperature, characteristic point peaks B3 (B3 t, B3 a) and troughs B4 (B4 t, B4 a) of the second reference signal,
taking the characteristic points of the first current signal at the second temperature, namely a peak Ac1 (Ac 1t, Ac1 a) and a trough Ac2 (Ac 2t, Ac2 a),
when the damage part of the monitored part is not on the path of the first sensor and the second sensor, the first reference signal under the second temperature and the first current signal under the second temperature are the same, the second reference signal under the first temperature is waved and shifted to the right by the time compensation parameter delta t2, the waveform of the second reference signal is amplified by the amplitude compensation parameter R3 to obtain a second reference signal under the second temperature,
where Δ t1 is the time difference between the first reference signal at the second temperature and the first reference signal at the first temperature, <math>
<mrow>
<mi>Δt</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mi>Ac</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>B</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<mi>Ac</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>B</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
<mi>t</mi>
</mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
</mfrac>
<mo>,</mo>
</mrow>
</math>
Δ TB1 is the time difference between the first reference signal and the excitation signal at a first temperature,
Δ TB2 is the time difference between the second reference signal and the excitation signal under the first temperature condition,
wherein,
preferably, f (Δ TB1) ═ Δ TB1, and f (Δ TB2) ═ Δ TB 2.
On the other hand, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a structural member flaw detection monitoring temperature compensation system is used for realizing the structural member flaw detection monitoring temperature compensation method, and comprises a signal excitation device, a detection device, a signal acquisition device, a wave signal temperature compensation device and a control panel, wherein the signal excitation device is used for providing an excitation signal; the detection device comprises a wave signal sensor for providing the current signal wave and a temperature sensor for detecting the second temperature; the signal acquisition device is used for acquiring the current signal wave and the second temperature signal and transmitting the current signal wave and the second temperature signal to the wave signal temperature compensation system; a reference signal waveform diagram at the first temperature is prestored in the wave signal temperature compensation device and is used for carrying out temperature compensation on the current signal wave at the second temperature; the control panel comprises a display screen for displaying the temperature compensation result and a control interface for controlling the temperature compensation process.
Preferably, the reference wave signal oscillogram at the first temperature pre-stored in the wave signal temperature compensation device is detected by the detection device in advance, and then is transmitted to the wave signal temperature compensation device after being collected by the signal collection device.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the temperature compensation method and system for flaw detection monitoring of the structural member, provided by the invention, the compensation parameter value is determined by comparing the characteristic points of the reference signal at any temperature and the current signal at any temperature, and then the reference signal wave is moved and deformed according to the compensation parameter value, so that the temperature compensation of the reference signal is realized, the influence of temperature change on the signal can be well eliminated without collecting a large number of reference signals at various temperatures, a large amount of time and operation cost are saved for the health monitoring of the structure, the practicability is strong, and the application prospect is wide.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a flaw detection monitoring of a monitored part according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a waveform of a reference signal at a first temperature and at a second temperature provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph of a current signal waveform at a second temperature provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a structural member flaw detection monitoring temperature compensation system provided by the invention.
In the figure, 1, a first sensor; 2. a second sensor; 3. reinforcing ribs; 4. and (4) a damaged part.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by the specific implementation mode in combination with the attached drawings.
The temperature compensation method for flaw detection monitoring of the structural part at least comprises the following steps:
step A, providing a reference signal waveform diagram at a first temperature;
step B, obtaining a current signal oscillogram at a second temperature;
step C, taking a current signal characteristic point of a current signal wave at a second temperature, taking a reference signal characteristic point of a reference signal waveform at a first temperature, wherein the current signal characteristic points respectively correspond to the reference signal characteristic points, and comparing the current signal characteristic points with the reference signal characteristic points to obtain a compensation parameter value;
and D, moving and deforming the reference signal wave at the first temperature according to the compensation parameter values to obtain a reference signal oscillogram at the second temperature.
The reference signal oscillogram and the current signal oscillogram both take time as a horizontal axis and amplitude as a vertical axis, so the compensation parameters are preferably time compensation parameters and amplitude compensation parameters; the signal characteristic point is not particularly limited, and can be a wave crest and/or a wave trough of the signal wave and/or an intersection point of the signal wave and a transverse axis, and comparison can be conveniently carried out.
The method can well eliminate the influence of temperature change on the signals without acquiring a large number of reference signals at various temperatures, so that a large amount of time and operation cost are saved for the health monitoring of the structure, the practicability is strong, and the method has a wide application prospect.
Aiming at the method, the invention also provides a structural member flaw detection monitoring temperature compensation system which is used for realizing the structural member flaw detection monitoring temperature compensation method. As shown in fig. 4, the temperature compensation system includes a signal excitation device, a detection device, a signal acquisition device, a wave signal temperature compensation device, and a control panel. Wherein, the signal excitation device is used for providing an excitation signal; the detection device comprises a wave signal sensor for providing current signal waves and a temperature sensor for detecting a second temperature; the signal acquisition device is used for acquiring a current signal wave and a second temperature signal and transmitting the current signal wave and the second temperature signal to the wave signal temperature compensation system; the wave signal temperature compensation device is internally pre-stored with a reference signal waveform diagram at a first temperature and used for performing temperature compensation on a current signal wave at a second temperature; the control panel comprises a display screen for displaying the temperature compensation result and a control interface for controlling the temperature compensation process.
The reference signal oscillogram at the first temperature pre-stored in the wave signal temperature compensation device can be detected by the detection device in advance, then is transmitted to the wave signal temperature compensation device after being collected by the signal collection device, and can also be stored in the wave signal temperature compensation device after being measured on other equipment.
The temperature compensation method of the present invention will be specifically described below by taking a structure including reinforcing ribs as an example.
As shown in fig. 1, a first sensor 1 and a second sensor 2 are provided for health monitoring.
The reference signals include at least a first reference signal and a second reference signal. The first reference signal is a signal excited by the first sensor 1 and directly transmitted to the second sensor 2; the second reference signal is a signal that is excited by the first sensor 1, reflected by the rib 3 and then passed to the second sensor 2.
The current signal includes at least a first current signal and a second current signal. The first current signal is a signal excited by the first sensor 1 and directly transmitted to the second sensor 2; the second current signal is formed by superposing two parts of signals, one part is a signal which is excited by the first sensor 1, reflected by the reinforcing rib 3 and then transmitted to the second sensor 2, and the other part is a signal which is excited by the first sensor 1, reflected by the damaged part 4 and then transmitted to the second sensor 2.
Fig. 2 and 3 are waveform diagrams of a reference signal and a current signal. As shown in fig. 2, the wave group in the left ellipse is an excitation signal wave; in the wave group in the middle ellipse, a dot-segment line wave is a first reference signal wave at a first temperature, and a solid line wave is a first reference signal wave at a second temperature; in the wave group in the right ellipse, the dot-band line wave is the second reference signal wave at the first temperature, and the solid line wave is the second reference signal wave at the second temperature. As shown in fig. 3, the left side is the excitation signal wave, the wave group in the middle ellipse is the first current signal wave at the second temperature, and the wave group in the right ellipse is the second current signal wave at the second temperature. Wherein the reference signal waveform at the first temperature and the current reference signal waveform at the second temperature are known, and the purpose is to obtain the reference signal wave at the second temperature, so as to compare the reference signal wave at the second temperature with the current signal wave at the second temperature to obtain the condition of the damaged part.
First, feature points are required to be taken, and in this embodiment, peaks and valleys are taken. Respectively taking characteristic point peaks J1 (J1 t, J1 a) and troughs J2 (J2 t, J2 a) of the excitation signal, taking characteristic point peaks B1 (B1 t, B1 a) and troughs B2 (B2 t, B2 a) of the first reference signal at a first temperature, characteristic point peaks B3 (B3 t, B3 a) and troughs B4 (B4 t, B4 a) of the second reference signal, and taking characteristic point peaks Ac1 (Ac 1t, Ac1 a) and troughs Ac2 (Ac 2t, Ac2 a) of the first current signal at a second temperature. Accordingly, the first reference signal at the second temperature has a characteristic point peak A1 (A1 t, A1 a) and a valley A2 (A2 t, A2 a), and the second reference signal at the second temperature has a characteristic point peak A3(A3t, A3a) and a valley A4 (A4 t, A4 a).
Time compensation: when the damaged portion is not on the path of the first sensor 1 and the second sensor 2, since the acquisition condition and the acquisition manner are the same, the first reference signal at the second temperature and the first current signal at the second temperature are substantially the same, so that only the second reference signal at the second temperature needs to be obtained, and A1t = Ac1t, A1a = Ac1 a; a2t = Ac2t, A2a = Ac2 a.
For the same wave group, i.e. the wave group in the same ellipse in the figure, assuming that the difference of the characteristic point time difference caused by the temperature is the same, the time difference between the first reference signal at the second temperature and the first reference signal at the first temperature
Time difference between second reference signal at second temperature and second reference signal at first temperature
Time difference between first reference signal and excitation signal at first temperature
Time difference between second reference signal and excitation signal under first temperature condition
If the degree of influence of temperature on wave propagation in the monitoring area is the same, then,
thus a time compensation parameter is availableΔ t1, Δ TB2, Δ TB1 can be obtained by calculation. Shifting the second reference signal at the first temperature to the right by the time offset parameter Δ t2 eliminates the temperature-induced time difference change.
When the time difference is obtained, the time difference is not obtained, and each corresponding peak or trough is calculated respectively, that is, the time difference between A3 and B3 is determined according to the time difference between A1 and B1, the time difference between A4 and B4 is determined according to the time difference between A2 and B2, and the time difference can be selected appropriately according to the waveform in specific application.
And (3) amplitude compensation: the amplitude ratio of the first reference signal at the second temperature to the first reference signal at the first temperature can be expressed as
The amplitude ratio of the second reference signal at the second temperature to the second reference signal at the first temperature can be expressed as
Let R1, R3, Δ TB1 and Δ TB2 satisfy the relationship
Amplitude compensation parameters can be obtained
And amplifying the waveform of the translated wave by the proportion of the amplitude compensation parameter R3 to obtain a second reference signal at a second temperature.
The f (x) function in the above formula can be determined by means of experiment, theoretical analysis or numerical simulation. For simplicity, in the case where the required accuracy is not very high, f (x) = x.
It should be noted that the compensation method is only applicable to the case where the damaged portion is not in the path of the sensor, and the damaged portion needs to be processed in another way when the damaged portion is in the path of the sensor.
The technical principle of the present invention is described above in connection with specific embodiments. The description is made for the purpose of illustrating the principles of the invention and should not be construed in any way as limiting the scope of the invention. Based on the explanations herein, those skilled in the art will be able to conceive of other embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort, which would fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A structural member flaw detection monitoring temperature compensation method is characterized by at least comprising the following steps:
step A, providing a reference signal waveform diagram at a first temperature;
step B, obtaining a current signal oscillogram at a second temperature;
step C, taking a current signal characteristic point of a current signal wave at a second temperature, taking a reference signal characteristic point of a reference signal waveform at a first temperature, wherein the current signal characteristic points respectively correspond to the reference signal characteristic points, and comparing the current signal characteristic points with the reference signal characteristic points to obtain a compensation parameter value;
and D, moving and deforming the reference signal wave at the first temperature according to the compensation parameter values to obtain a reference signal oscillogram at the second temperature.
2. The structural member flaw detection monitoring temperature compensation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the reference signal oscillogram and the current signal oscillogram both take time as a horizontal axis and amplitude as a vertical axis, and the compensation parameters at least comprise time compensation parameters and amplitude compensation parameters.
3. The structural member flaw detection monitoring temperature compensation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: the signal characteristic points are wave crests and/or wave troughs of the signal waves and/or intersection points of the signal waves and the transverse axis.
4. The structural member flaw detection monitoring temperature compensation method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: the time compensation parameter is the time difference of characteristic points of the reference signal wave at the first temperature and the reference signal wave at the second temperature.
5. The structural member flaw detection monitoring temperature compensation method according to claim 4,
the reference signal at least comprises a first reference signal and a second reference signal, and the reference signal acquisition method comprises the following steps:
providing a first sensor (1), a second sensor (2) and a monitored piece;
the first reference signal is a signal which is excited by the first sensor (1) and is directly transmitted to the second sensor (2);
the second reference signal is a signal which is excited by the first sensor (1), reflected by the monitored part and then transmitted to the second sensor (2).
6. The structural member flaw detection monitoring temperature compensation method according to claim 5,
the current signal at least comprises a first current signal and a second current signal, and the current signal acquisition method comprises the following steps:
providing a first sensor (1), a second sensor (2) and a monitored piece;
the first current signal is a signal which is excited by the first sensor (1) and is directly transmitted to the second sensor (2);
the second current signal is formed by superposing two parts of signals, one part of the signal is a signal which is excited by the first sensor (1), reflected by the monitored part and then transmitted to the second sensor (2), and the other part of the signal is a signal which is excited by the first sensor (1), reflected by the damaged part (4) of the monitored part and then transmitted to the second sensor (2).
7. The structural member flaw detection monitoring temperature compensation method according to claim 6, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:
taking characteristic points of a wave crest J1 (J1 t, J1 a) and a wave trough J2 (J2 t, J2 a) of the excitation signal,
taking characteristic point peaks B1 (B1 t, B1 a) and troughs B2 (B2 t, B2 a) of the first reference signal at the first temperature, characteristic point peaks B3 (B3 t, B3 a) and troughs B4 (B4 t, B4 a) of the second reference signal,
taking the characteristic points of the first current signal at the second temperature, namely a peak Ac1 (Ac 1t, Ac1 a) and a trough Ac2 (Ac 2t, Ac2 a),
when the damage part (4) of the monitored part is not on the path of the first sensor (1) and the second sensor (2), the first reference signal under the second temperature is the same as the first current signal under the second temperature, the second reference signal under the first temperature is wave-translated to the right by the time compensation parameter delta t2, the wave shape is amplified by the amplitude compensation parameter R3 to obtain the second reference signal under the second temperature,
where Δ t1 is the time difference between the first reference signal at the second temperature and the first reference signal at the first temperature, <math>
<mrow>
<mi>Δt</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mi>Ac</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>B</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<mi>Ac</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>B</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
<mi>t</mi>
</mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
</mfrac>
<mo>,</mo>
</mrow>
</math>
Δ TB1 is the time difference between the first reference signal and the excitation signal at a first temperature,
Δ TB2 is the time difference between the second reference signal and the excitation signal under the first temperature condition
Wherein,
8. the structural member flaw detection monitoring temperature compensation method according to claim 7, characterized in that: f (Δ TB1) ═ Δ TB1, and f (Δ TB2) ═ Δ TB 2.
9. A structural component flaw detection monitoring temperature compensation system for implementing the structural component flaw detection monitoring temperature compensation method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: the temperature compensation system comprises a signal excitation device, a detection device, a signal acquisition device, a wave signal temperature compensation device and a control panel, wherein,
signal excitation means for providing an excitation signal;
a detection device including a wave signal sensor for providing the current signal wave and a temperature sensor for detecting the second temperature;
the signal acquisition device is used for acquiring the current signal wave and the second temperature signal and transmitting the current signal wave and the second temperature signal to the wave signal temperature compensation system;
the wave signal temperature compensation device is internally pre-stored with a reference signal oscillogram at the first temperature and used for carrying out temperature compensation on the current signal wave at the second temperature;
and the control panel comprises a display screen for displaying the temperature compensation result and a control interface for controlling the temperature compensation process.
10. The structural member flaw detection monitoring temperature compensation system of claim 1, wherein: the reference wave signal oscillogram at the first temperature pre-stored in the wave signal temperature compensation device is detected by the detection device in advance, and then is transmitted to the wave signal temperature compensation device after being collected by the signal collection device.
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| JP2022501593A (en) * | 2018-09-19 | 2022-01-06 | ガイディド・ウルトラソニックス・リミテッド | Signal processing |
| JP7515464B2 (en) | 2018-09-19 | 2024-07-12 | ガイディド・ウルトラソニックス・リミテッド | Signal Processing |
| US12117416B2 (en) | 2018-09-19 | 2024-10-15 | Guided Ultrasonics Ltd | Signal processing |
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