CN104181104B - Test device and method for measuring binding force between ice and asphalt pavement in multiple angles - Google Patents
Test device and method for measuring binding force between ice and asphalt pavement in multiple angles Download PDFInfo
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- CN104181104B CN104181104B CN201410421663.0A CN201410421663A CN104181104B CN 104181104 B CN104181104 B CN 104181104B CN 201410421663 A CN201410421663 A CN 201410421663A CN 104181104 B CN104181104 B CN 104181104B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a test device and method for measuring a binding force between ice and an asphalt pavement in multiple angles, and aims at solving the problems that the existing device is limited for measuring the direct-pull binding force and cannot measure the binding force between ice and snow and the asphalt pavement in multiple angles, and a method for measuring the binding state between the ice and the pavement under the effect of vehicles cannot be provided. The test device comprises a cylindrical vessel, a hollow trough, a connection assembly, two ring carriers and three supporting rods, wherein the connection assembly comprises a lower connection screw, a lower connection sleeve, an upper connection lug and an upper connection screw; the hollow trough comprises a hollow cylinder and a circular ring; the two ring carriers are respectively an upper ring carrier and a lower ring carrier, and the cylindrical vessel, the hollow trough and the three supporting rods are arranged in the circular ring. The test device and method are used for measuring the binding force between a mixture of the pavement and the ice.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of testing equipment for measuring ice and road surfaces cohesive force and method, be specifically related to a kind of use
Equipment and the test method of the degree that bonds between ice or the slush mixture of asphalt road surface attachment is measured in many loading angles.
Background technology
In cold winter, road snow icing can bring serious harmful effect to the coast is clear and traffic safety, and
Cause great economic loss.In order to ensure the driving safety of road under ice and snow weather, traffic department of various countries explores multiple removing
The method that ice and snow method and multiple suppression road snow freeze slows down the impact that accumulated snow icing brings.Gluing between ice and road surface
Knot power directly affects coefficient of road adhesion, the most directly determines the traffic capacity of ice and snow removing ability and ice-snow road.
During ice and snow weather, driving vehicle, with the interaction on road surface, does not only exist the car pressure to ice and snow road, and
The pull of vacuum produced on rear side of tire, there is also the frictional force between tyre surface and ice and snow, i.e. shearing force, and the power through ice sheet is transmitted
After so that the load action pattern between ice and snow-road surface is for tiltedly cutting or oblique pull, and along with the difference of speed, shearing force size also with
Change, can there is bigger difference with the angle at ice-interface, road in skew shearing force and oblique pulling, this skew shearing force is to ice and snow-road surface
Destroying infection between interface, and tiltedly cut cohesive force between ice and snow-road surface under different angles, it would be highly desirable to simulate and evaluate measurement.
And it is known that during deicing, when ice produces interfacial separation with road surface, the interface between ice and snow and road surface
Destroying due to oblique pull, by literature search, the Chinese invention patent application of Application No. 201010563360.4 discloses one
Planting and measure ice and bituminous paving cohesion test Apparatus and method for, this equipment is only limited to measure vertical pulling cohesive force, in order to more at present
The road surface deicing process of good simulation actual ice and snow weather and evaluate the cohesive force of ice and snow and road surface more accurately, it is achieved multi-angle
Ice and snow-interface, road surface cohesive force test be necessary.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is to be only limited to measure vertical pulling cohesive force for solution existing equipment, it is impossible to many loading angles measure ice and snow and drip
Blue or green road surface cohesive force, and can not cohesive force between multi-angle analogue measurement ice and snow and road surface, solve ground surface material cohesive force
Test problem, and then a kind of multiangular measurement ice and the testing equipment of bituminous paving cohesive force and method are provided.
The present invention solves that the problems referred to above adopt the technical scheme that:
A kind of multiangular measurement ice and the testing equipment of bituminous paving cohesive force of the present invention includes hydrostatic column, hollow
Groove, connecting assembly, two ring torr and three poles；
Connecting assembly includes that bottom connects screw rod, bottom branch sleeve, upper engaging lugs and top and connects screw rod；Described
Groove includes hollow cylinder and the first annulus, and the opening of hollow cylinder connects the first annulus, and hollow cylinder
Circumferential lateral surface flush with the circumferential lateral surface of the first annulus；
Two ring torr are that upper ring torr and lower ring torr, upper ring torr and lower ring torr are circular arc, upper ring torr and lower ring torr respectively
All sides on be respectively machined with axis by N number of screw in the center of circle, N is positive integer, and N >=4, upper ring torr and the docking of lower ring torr
Arrange and constitute second annulus, and the dead in line of the screw of the center of circle symmetric position distribution in upper ring torr and lower ring torr；
Being disposed with hydrostatic column, groove and three poles in described annulus, hydrostatic column coaxially sets with groove
Putting, hydrostatic column is opening down, and the sidewall of hydrostatic column is machined with multiple tapped through hole, hydrostatic column and upper ring torr
Affixed, groove opening upwards, between opening and the opening of the first annulus of hydrostatic column, there is annular gap, groove
Bottom is affixed with lower ring torr by three poles, and the extended line of three poles crosses on the axis being positioned at groove；
It is disposed with upper engaging lugs in the circumferential lateral surface of described upper ring torr and top connects screw rod, the lower end of upper engaging lugs
Being threaded in any one screw in ring torr, the lower end that the upper end of upper engaging lugs is connected screw rod with top is detachable
Connect；
It is disposed with bottom branch sleeve in the circumferential lateral surface of described lower ring torr and bottom connects screw rod, bottom branch sleeve
Threaded upper ends is connected in any one screw in lower ring torr, and the lower end of bottom branch sleeve is connected the upper end of screw rod with bottom
Removably connect, and the axis of upper engaging lugs, the top connection axis of screw rod, the axis of bottom branch sleeve, bottom connection
The axis of screw rod vertical straight radial line with described second annulus respectively overlaps.
A kind of testing equipment analogue measurement ice utilizing above-mentioned a kind of multiangular measurement ice and bituminous paving cohesive force and drip
Between blue or green road surface, the method for cohesive force follows the steps below:
Step one, pavement asphalt mixture is made the cylinder test specimen that the inner chamber with hydrostatic column matches, by four
Individual jackscrew is screwed in the corresponding tapped through hole of hydrostatic column, and cylinder test specimen is fixed in hydrostatic column；
Step 2, the water being used for preparing ice sheet is injected groove in and exceed the upper surface of hollow cylinder, will be fixing
There is the hydrostatic column of cylinder test specimen just to being buckled on groove so that the lower surface of cylinder test specimen is completely immersed in water；
Step 3, the hydrostatic column of step 2 and groove will be completed as freezing case being cooled to preset temperature
Degree, until the water freezing in groove, now, the ice in groove is fully bonded together with cylinder test specimen；
Step 4, complete step 3 after, select the power different load angles to the interface of ice and cylinder test specimen preset,
Installing connecting assembly in N number of screw that upper ring torr is corresponding with lower ring torr and carry out load test respectively, bottom connects screw rod
Lower end be connected with the lower table of MTS fluid pressure type loading system, top connects upper end and the MTS fluid pressure type loading system of screw rod
Upper table connect, by MTS fluid pressure type loading system control ambient temperature be preset temperature, by MTS fluid pressure type load system
System presets loading speed V, and MTS fluid pressure type loading system applies axial compressive force to upper ring torr and lower ring torr, until cylinder
Interface between test specimen and ice face is destroyed, and upper ring torr is separated with lower ring holder structure；
Step 5, ultimate tension or shearing when destroying with cylinder test specimen and ice face and destroy interface grade Comprehensive Assessment
Cohesive force between bituminous paving and ice, ultimate tension when destroying in loading procedure, direct by MTS fluid pressure type loading system
Read；Interface of destroying now is destruction interface when road surface is destroyed therebetween with ice face；Destroy interface grade be divided into excellent,
Good, in, secondary, poor, as shown in table 1:
Table 1 destroys interface grade evaluation index:
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: one, the key technology of the present invention is the arc ring torr of two same sizes, upper and lower ring
Torr collectively constitutes an annulus, calculates through design, circle ring center and ice-compound interface center superposition.After composition annulus, upper ring
The screw of same size is distributed in the center of circle symmetric position of torr and lower ring torr.Ring torr and the part in ring torr are by being vertically connected with
Screw rod connects the screw in the symmetric position of each center of circle and operating board, it is noted herein that, be vertically connected with screw rod connection is
About the screw that the center of circle is symmetrical in two ring torr, corresponding two bolt-center of upper and lower ring torr is straight at same with circle ring center
On line, therefore it is vertically connected with after screw rod is connected with testboard respectively, ice-center, compound interface can be applied vertical axial force；And
Owing to ice-compound interface produces different angles from horizontal plane because screw link position is different, it is achieved that to ice-mixing
There is the stress of different angles at material interface.
Two, the testing equipment of the present invention achieve road surface (Gu) with the different angles pulling force of ice (original state is liquid) or
Shearing is tested, and the advantage that the cohesive force test equipment of the present invention is maximum is, it breaches existing equipment and is only limited to measure vertical pulling
Cohesive force, makes road surface be possibly realized to shearing or tensile test with each of ice, first by the vehicle effect on actual road surface with clear
Snow process is considered, in design and the test result evaluation methodology of assay device, to make evaluation the most reliable.Based on Practical Project
Need, and propose the evaluation index of ice and ground surface material cohesive force, be shown in Table 1.Test method of the present invention is utilized successfully to determine
Longitudinal pulling force and cross shear between asphalt and ice, the test for pavement asphalt material cohesive force proposes brand-new
Feasible method.This equipment predominantly solves road surface ice disaster in engineering reality and develops, and can be used for measuring road asphalt
Cohesive force between compound and ice, and evaluation path from snow-removing effect.
Three, the present invention develops and a kind of can tiltedly cut active force, and thing between ice-road surface under laboratory simulation vehicle effect
The experimental provision of oblique pull active force between ice-road surface under reason deicing active force, it is achieved multi-angle test laboratory ice-asphalt
Interfacial adhesion, sums up a kind of method of the bond state on ice and snow and road surface under measurement for Evaluation vehicle effect according to result of the test,
Measure cohesive force between ice and road surface with quantitative simulation, thus solve the test problem of ground surface material cohesive force, finally in order to
Solve the problem that in engineering reality, road surface ice disaster is evaluated.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is upper ring torr or the main TV structure signal of lower ring torr of the present invention
Figure, Fig. 3 is the left view of Fig. 2, and Fig. 4 is the top view of Fig. 2, and Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of lower coupling pole, and Fig. 6 is the master of groove
TV structure schematic diagram, Fig. 7 is the top view of Fig. 6, and Fig. 8 is the main TV structure schematic diagram of upper engaging lugs, and Fig. 9 is the side-looking of Fig. 8
Figure, Figure 10 is the main TV structure schematic diagram of hydrostatic column, and Figure 11 is the top view of Figure 10, and Figure 12 is the master that top connects screw rod
TV structure schematic diagram, Figure 13 is the side view of Figure 12, and Figure 14 is the overall structure schematic diagram of bottom branch sleeve, and Figure 15 is to comprise
Have the cohesive force test system test workflow block diagram of cohesive force experimental facilities of the present invention, Figure 16 be asphalt with
Ultimate tension between ice is with the variation diagram of ambient temperature, and Figure 17 is that the destruction interface grade between asphalt and ice is with ring
The variation diagram of border temperature, Figure 18 is the variation diagram with loading angle of the ultimate tension between asphalt and ice, and Figure 19 is broken
Bad interface grade is excellent structural representation, and Figure 20 is that to destroy interface grade be good structural representation, and Figure 21 is to destroy interface
Grade be in structural representation, Figure 22 is to destroy the structural representation that interface grade is time, and Figure 23 is to destroy interface grade to be
The structural representation of difference, Figure 24 is to utilize the loading systems such as MTS to carry out test to read road surface (compound) with ice face therebetween
Cohesive force result display figure, Figure 25 is the material object that in cohesion test of the present invention, connecting assembly is arranged on the 6th screw
Photo schematic diagram, Figure 26 is the photo in kind signal that in cohesion test of the present invention, connecting assembly is arranged on the 5th screw
Figure, Figure 27 is the photo schematic diagram in kind that the connecting assembly in cohesion test of the present invention is arranged on the 4th screw, Figure 28
Being the photo schematic diagram in kind that in cohesion test of the present invention, connecting assembly is arranged on the first screw, Figure 29 is that the present invention glues
The photo schematic diagram in kind that in the test of knot power, connecting assembly is arranged on the second screw, Figure 30 is in cohesion test of the present invention
Connecting assembly is arranged on the photo schematic diagram in kind on the 3rd screw.
Detailed description of the invention
Detailed description of the invention one: combine Fig. 1-Figure 14 explanation, a kind of multiangular measurement ice of present embodiment and asphalt road
The testing equipment of face cohesive force includes hydrostatic column 8, groove 5, connecting assembly, two ring torr and three poles 4；
Connecting assembly includes that bottom connects screw rod 1, bottom branch sleeve 2, upper engaging lugs 9 and top and connects screw rod
10；Described groove 5 includes hollow cylinder 5-1 and the first annulus 5-2, and the opening of hollow cylinder 5-1 connects first
Annulus 5-2, and the circumferential lateral surface of hollow cylinder 5-1 flushes with the circumferential lateral surface of the first annulus 5-2；
Two ring torr are that upper ring torr 31 and lower ring torr 32, upper ring torr 31 and lower ring torr 32 are circular arc, upper ring torr respectively
31 and lower ring torr 32 all sides on be respectively machined with axis by N number of screw 3 in the center of circle, N is positive integer, and N >=4, upper ring torr
31 and the docking of lower ring torr 32 arrange and constitute second annulus, and the center of circle symmetric position in upper ring torr 31 and lower ring torr 32 is divided
The dead in line of the screw 3 of cloth；
Being disposed with hydrostatic column 8, groove 5 and three poles 4 in described annulus, hydrostatic column 8 is same with groove 5
Axle is arranged, and hydrostatic column 8 is opening down, and the sidewall of hydrostatic column 8 is machined with multiple tapped through hole 8-1, and cylinder describes
Device 8 is affixed with upper ring torr 31, groove 5 opening upwards, has between opening and the opening of the first annulus 5-2 of hydrostatic column 8
Having annular gap, the bottom of groove 5 is affixed with lower ring torr 32 by three poles 4, and the extended line of three poles 4 crosses and is positioned at
On the axis of groove 5；
It is disposed with upper engaging lugs 9 in the circumferential lateral surface of described upper ring torr 31 and top connects screw rod 10, upper engaging lugs 9
Any one screw 3 of being threaded in ring torr 31 of lower end in, the upper end of upper engaging lugs 9 is connected screw rod with top
The lower end of 10 removably connects；
It is disposed with bottom branch sleeve 2 in the circumferential lateral surface of described lower ring torr 32 and bottom connects screw rod 1, bottom adapter sleeve
The threaded upper ends of cylinder 2 is connected in any one screw 3 in lower ring torr 32, and the lower end of bottom branch sleeve 2 is connected with bottom
The upper end of screw rod 1 removably connects, and the axis of upper engaging lugs 9, top the connection axis of screw rod 10, bottom branch sleeve 2
Axis, bottom connects the axis vertical straight radial line with described second annulus respectively of screw rod 1 and overlaps.
The upper ring torr of present embodiment is identical with the structure of lower ring torr.
Detailed description of the invention two: combining Fig. 1-4 explanation, upper ring torr 31 and the lower ring torr 32 of present embodiment are rustless steel
Ring torr.Being arranged such, intensity is big, meets the needs of actual tests.Other is identical with detailed description of the invention one.
Detailed description of the invention three: combining Fig. 1-4 explanation, the upper ring torr 31 of present embodiment and the central angle of lower ring torr 32 are equal
It it is 175 °.Being arranged such, the arc length of ring torr is long, and intensity is big.Other is identical with detailed description of the invention one or two.
Detailed description of the invention four: combine Fig. 1 explanation, each in the upper ring torr 31 of present embodiment or all sides of lower ring torr 32
Being machined with six screws 3, six screws are the first screw 3-1, the second screw 3-2, the 3rd screw 3-3, the 4th screw 3-respectively
4, the 5th screw 3-5 and the 6th screw 3-6；Angle between axis and the horizontal end face of hydrostatic column 8 of the first screw 3-1
Being 30 °, the angle between axis and the axis of the second screw 3-2 of the first screw 3-1 is 30 °, the axis of the second screw 3-2 with
Angle between the axis of the 3rd screw 3-3 is 30 °, between axis and the horizontal end face of hydrostatic column 8 of the 3rd screw 3-3
Angle be 90 °, the angle between axis and the axis of the 4th screw 3-4 of the 3rd screw 3-3 is 45 °, the 4th screw 3-4's
Angle between the axis of axis and the 5th screw 3-5 is 30 °, the axis of the 5th screw 3-5 and the axis of the 6th screw 3-6 it
Between angle be 15 °, the angle between axis and the horizontal end face of hydrostatic column 8 of the 6th screw 3-6 is 0 °.This embodiment party
Formula is when the axis vertical of hydrostatic column axis and groove on the basis of (connecting assembly is arranged on the 3rd screw), with
Hydrostatic column axis axis is as vertical coordinate, the two-dimensional coordinate that plane is abscissa at the horizontal end face place of hydrostatic column
System.It is 115mm that the upper ring torr of present embodiment or lower ring torr can be made external diameter, and internal diameter is 100mm, upper ring torr and the week of lower ring torr
Being machined with the screw of M16 on side, during installation, in the same plane, and identical numbering screw is same for upper ring torr and lower ring torr
On bar straight line, ideally by the center at ice making interface.According to the default loading angle to ice-asphalt interface
The screw of alterable up-down structure connects, and only need to ensure that the numbering being vertically connected with the ring torr screw that structure connects is identical.Its
It is identical with detailed description of the invention three.
Detailed description of the invention five: combine Fig. 1, Figure 10-Figure 11 explanation, described in present embodiment, hydrostatic column 8 is by cast iron
Make.It is 68mm that the hydrostatic column of present embodiment can make whole height, and external diameter is the hollow cylinder of 108mm, hollow
Height is 48mm, and interior diameter is 102mm, and it welds mutually with upper ring torr, time initial, and the center of hydrostatic column and upper ring torr
The center of the 3rd screw is corresponding, and it is the screw thread of M6 that hydrostatic column sidewall has been uniformly distributed away from vessel port 10mm four specifications
Through hole, when tightening fixing asphalt marshal piece or Marshall standard specimen for M6 jackscrew.Other is real with concrete
Execute mode one, two or four identical.
Detailed description of the invention six: combining Fig. 1 explanation, the upper end of the upper engaging lugs 9 of present embodiment is connected spiral shell with top
The lower end of bar 10 is hinged.Being arranged such, for solving axial tension problem, hinged mode connects, and can meet at small model
Carrying out small adjustment of displacement in enclosing, so that testing equipment reduces shearing as far as possible when stress, testing equipment of the present invention can
Load to be fixed in MTS loading system.Make device can be in axial tension state all the time, to reduce experimental error, and
And easy to connect reliably.Other is identical with detailed description of the invention five.
Detailed description of the invention seven: combining Fig. 1 explanation, the lower end of the bottom branch sleeve 2 of present embodiment is connected with bottom
The threaded upper ends of screw rod 1 connects.Be arranged such, easy to connect reliably.One, two, four or six are identical with detailed description of the invention for other.
Detailed description of the invention eight: combine Fig. 1-Figure 30 explanation, utilizes an above-mentioned multiangular measurement ice to bond with bituminous paving
Between testing equipment analogue measurement ice and the bituminous paving of power, the method for cohesive force follows the steps below:
Step one, pavement asphalt mixture is made the cylinder test specimen 6 that the inner chamber with hydrostatic column 8 matches, will
Four jackscrews 7 are screwed in the corresponding tapped through hole 8-1 of hydrostatic column 8, and cylinder test specimen 6 is fixed on hydrostatic column 8
In；
Step 2, the water being used for preparing ice sheet is injected groove 5 in and exceed the upper surface of hollow cylinder 5-1, will
It is fixed with the hydrostatic column 8 of cylinder test specimen 6 just to being buckled on groove 5 so that the lower surface of cylinder test specimen 6 soaks completely
Enter in water；
Step 3, the hydrostatic column 8 and groove 5 that complete step 2 are placed in freezing case be cooled to preset temperature
Degree, until the water freezing in groove 5, now, the ice in groove 5 is fully bonded together with cylinder test specimen 6；
Step 4, complete step 3 after, select the power preset that the different of the interface of ice and cylinder test specimen 6 are loaded angles
Degree, installs connecting assembly in N number of screw 3 that upper ring torr 31 and lower ring torr 32 are corresponding and carries out load test, bottom respectively
The lower end connecting screw rod 1 is connected with the lower table of MTS fluid pressure type loading system, and top connects upper end and the MTS liquid of screw rod 10
The upper table of pressure type loading system connects, MTS fluid pressure type loading system controlling ambient temperature is preset temperature, passes through MTS
Fluid pressure type loading system presets loading speed V, and upper ring torr 31 and lower ring torr 32 are applied axially by MTS fluid pressure type loading system
Pressure, until the interface between cylinder test specimen 6 and ice face is destroyed, upper ring torr 31 is separated with lower ring torr 32 structure；
Step 5, ultimate tension or shearing when destroying with ice face with cylinder test specimen 6 and destroy interface grade and comprehensively comment
Determine the cohesive force between bituminous paving and ice, ultimate tension when destroying in loading procedure is straight by MTS fluid pressure type loading system
Connect reading；Interface of destroying now is destruction interface when road surface is destroyed therebetween with ice face；Destroy interface grade to be divided into
Excellent, good, in, secondary, poor, as shown in table 1:
Table 1 destroys interface grade evaluation index:
Destroying interface ranking score the highest, interface when illustrative material is destroyed with ice is the best.
The dynamic load of test executes lotus and data acquisition equipment uses MTS material test system, controls environment with temperature control system
Temperature, (preset temperature is temperature during refrigeration) guarantees that the ice in groove 5 does not melts.Temperature control system is MTS special configuration
Concentrating low-temperature receiver, temperature control is at 0 DEG C～-30 DEG C, and control accuracy is ± 0.1 DEG C, and its workflow is shown in Figure 15.
In a practical situation, icy on road after, under the effect of the imposed loads such as wheel load, the Bing Huiyu road of road surfaces
Face separates, power required during separation and the exposing rate and can directly affect the serviceability on road surface of road surface after separating, therefore adopts
It is a kind of feasible method by the cohesive force of maximum pull when destroying and destruction interface Grade evaluation material.
Destroy interface grade evaluation index schematic diagram to determine by Figure 19～Figure 23.
Ice stress destroying under the action of traffic loading such as driving.When interface grade is excellent, because compound is whole
It is exposed, so what the traffic activities such as driving is affected almost without；When interface grade is for difference, compound is covered by ice completely
Lid, so having a significant impact traffic activities such as drivings；When interface grade be good, in, secondary time, on driving impact between above-mentioned
Between two kinds of situations.
When Vehicle Load is on ice face, or during with the method deicing such as artificial, mechanical, ice receives external force load
Effect, the pulling force between ice and road surface is the least, and under same external force load action, ice film the most easily comes off, and in other words, removes
Identical ice, the external force load of needs is the least.
In sum, use described test equipment, and maximum pull when using destruction and destroy interface grade and comprehensively comment
The cohesive force of valency material is a kind of feasible method.
In present embodiment, the power recorded under different loading speeds is different, and loading speed is the biggest, records power the biggest, adds
Carry speed the least, record power the least, during test, preset a loading speed, make the speed such as mould substructure move down, until ice with
Compound separates, and the maximum pull during this is the surface of fracture of the cohesive force between ice and compound, ice and compound
It is destruction interface now.The destruction interface that the ultimate tension of relatively different groups is corresponding with ultimate tension, comprehensively analyzes road surface
Deicing effect.
Operation principle
Pavement asphalt mixing material is made into the height cylinder test specimen equal to 63.5mm, a diameter of 100mm and (rotates pressure
Preparation method prepares asphalt marshal piece or compacting process prepares Marshall standard specimen, wherein, utilizes gyratory compaction legal system
Standby specimen test best results), and by the power that laterallys secure of jackscrew, cylinder test specimen is fixed in hydrostatic column；When
When temperature is higher than the freezing point of water, water is in liquid, places water in groove, it is ensured that the upper surface of water is slightly above groove
The upper surface of hollow cylinder, is buckled on substructure just by the superstructure being fixed with ground surface material (cylinder test specimen),
And wipe unnecessary water with dry cloth, make ground surface material surface just contact with the water surface；Will be equipped with the two-part structure up and down of solid-liquid
It is horizontally placed in freezing case, after certain time, connects screw rod by top and bottom connects screw rod and is fixed in MTS etc.
In loading system, and control ambient temperature.Under certain loading speed, equipment is applied an axial tension by loading system,
Until compound-ice interfacial failure, up-down structure separates, and the ultimate tension during this, directly can be read by MTS loading system
Going out, destruction interface now is destruction interface during two kinds of material damages.
Test proves
One, experimental condition
The bituminous concrete that test uses asphalt concrete and interpolation to store salt additives is then adopted as solid material, water
Use general tap water, test temperature use-5 DEG C ,-10 DEG C ,-20 DEG C of three temperature (i.e. control ambient temperature be-5 DEG C ,-10
DEG C ,-20 DEG C), the central angle of upper ring torr 31 and lower ring torr 32 is 175 °.
With (connecting assembly is arranged on the 3rd screw) during the axis vertical of hydrostatic column axis and groove as base
Standard, hydrostatic column axis axis is as vertical coordinate, the two dimension that plane is abscissa at the horizontal end face place of hydrostatic column
Carry out cohesion test on the basis of coordinate system, use 0 ° of staight scissors (connecting assembly is arranged on the 6th screw, as shown in figure 25),
(connecting assembly is arranged on the 5th screw, and as shown in figure 26), 45 ° of oblique pulls (connect molectron and be arranged in the 4th screw for 15 ° of oblique pulls
On, as shown in figure 27), (connecting assembly is arranged on the first screw, as shown in figure 28), 60 ° of oblique pull (connection groups for 30 ° of oblique pulls
Component is arranged on the second screw, and (connecting assembly is arranged on the 3rd screw as shown in figure 29) and 90 ° of vertical pullings, such as Figure 30 institute
Show) these 6 kinds of loading angles (can also do 15 ° tiltedly cut, 45 ° tiltedly cut, 30 ° tiltedly cut or 60 ° tiltedly cut), use constant speed load, load
Speed V is that 0.3333mm/s tests.
2, interpretation of result
Result of the test is as shown in Figure 16, Figure 17, Figure 18: as shown in Figure 16, along with the rising of temperature, ground surface material and ice it
Between ultimate tension increase, but under equal conditions, the pulling force added between the compound and the ice that store salt additives is less than general
Logical asphalt, illustrates that storing salt additives can reduce the cohesive force between material and ice.
As shown in Figure 17, along with the rising of temperature, the destruction interface grade between ground surface material and ice is deteriorated, and on an equal basis
Under the conditions of, the ultimate tension added between the compound and the ice that store salt additives to be significantly better than common asphalt, says
Bright storage salt additives can well destroy the cohesive force between compound and ice.
As shown in Figure 18, along with the change of loading angle, the ultimate tension between ground surface material and ice produces change,
45 ° when tiltedly cutting stress, the power required for interfacial failure is minimum, illustrate to be easiest to the ice and snow shovel on road surface at this approximate angle
Remove.Also explanation loading angle has impact largely to the cohesive force between compound and ice, and change loading angle is permissible
More comprehensively intuitively and effectively evaluate the cohesive force between compound and ice.
Also known that by Figure 18, when vehicle is on the similar frost road surface of laboratory simulation to travel, if giving road surface
Shearing force more than 0.015Mpa time, road surface there will be from snow-removing effect, and ice and snow can depart from road surface under vehicle effect, it is easy to
Ice and snow is cleared up.
Consider the ultimate tension between material and ice and destroy interface, it can be seen that upon a drop in temperature, mixing
Cohesive force between material and ice strengthens, under the conditions of equal external force, it more difficult to remove the ice on road surface, traffic causes bigger shadow
Ring；Under identical temperature conditions, store salt additives and significantly reduce the cohesive force between compound and ice so that outside equal
Under the conditions of power, compared to common compound, it is easier to remove the ice on road surface, effectively reduce the calamity that ice and snow brings to traffic
Evil；At the same temperature, when changing the loading angle at different compounds and ice interface, suitable angle is selected to be more conducive to road surface
The raising of deicing efficiency.
Claims (6)
1. a multiangular measurement ice and the testing equipment of bituminous paving cohesive force, it is characterised in that: it includes hydrostatic column
(8), groove (5), connecting assembly, two ring torr and three poles (4)；
Connecting assembly includes that bottom connects screw rod (1), bottom branch sleeve (2), upper engaging lugs (9) and top and connects screw rod
(10)；Described groove (5) includes hollow cylinder (5-1) and the first annulus (5-2), the opening of hollow cylinder (5-1)
Connect and have the first annulus (5-2), and the circumferential lateral surface of hollow cylinder (5-1) flushes with the circumferential lateral surface of the first annulus (5-2)；
Two ring torr are upper ring torr (31) and lower ring torr (32) respectively, and upper ring torr (31) and lower ring torr (32) are circular arc, on
Respectively being machined with the axis N number of screw (3) by the center of circle on all sides of ring torr (31) and lower ring torr (32), N is positive integer, and N
>=4, upper ring torr (31) and lower ring torr (32) docking arrange and also constitute second annulus, and upper ring torr (31) and lower ring torr (32)
On the dead in line of screw (3) of center of circle symmetric position distribution；
Being disposed with hydrostatic column (8), groove (5) and three poles (4) in described annulus, hydrostatic column (8) is with hollow
Groove (5) is coaxially disposed, and hydrostatic column (8) is opening down, and the sidewall of hydrostatic column (8) is machined with multiple tapped through hole
(8-1), hydrostatic column (8) is affixed with upper ring torr (31), groove (5) opening upwards, the opening of hydrostatic column (8) and
Having annular gap between the opening of one annulus (5-2), the bottom of groove (5) is by three poles (4) and lower ring torr (32)
Affixed, the extended line of three poles (4) crosses on the axis being positioned at groove (5)；
Being disposed with upper engaging lugs (9) in the circumferential lateral surface of described upper ring torr (31) and top connects screw rod (10), top connects
The lower end of ear (9) is threaded in any one screw (3) in ring torr (31) Nei, and the upper end of upper engaging lugs (9) is with upper
Portion connects the lower end of screw rod (10) and removably connects；
Being disposed with bottom branch sleeve (2) in the circumferential lateral surface of described lower ring torr (32) and bottom connects screw rod (1), bottom connects
The threaded upper ends of sleeve (2) is connected to any one screw (3) on lower ring torr (32) Nei, the lower end of bottom branch sleeve (2)
The upper end being connected screw rod (1) with bottom removably connects, and the axis of upper engaging lugs (9), the axle on top connection screw rod (10)
Line, the axis of bottom branch sleeve (2), bottom connect the axis of screw rod (1) respectively with the vertical straight radial line of described second annulus
Overlap；
Described hydrostatic column (8) is made of cast iron；The upper end of upper engaging lugs (9) is connected the lower end hinge of screw rod (10) with top
Connect.
A kind of multiangular measurement ice the most according to claim 1 and the testing equipment of bituminous paving cohesive force, its feature exists
In: upper ring torr (31) and lower ring torr (32) are stainless steel ring torr.
A kind of multiangular measurement ice the most according to claim 1 and 2 and the testing equipment of bituminous paving cohesive force, its feature
It is: the central angle of upper ring torr (31) and lower ring torr (32) is 175 °.
A kind of multiangular measurement ice the most according to claim 3 and the testing equipment of bituminous paving cohesive force, its feature exists
In: being respectively machined with six screws (3) on all sides of upper ring torr (31) or lower ring torr (32), six screws are the first screw respectively
(3-1), the second screw (3-2), the 3rd screw (3-3), the 4th screw (3-4), the 5th screw (3-5) and the 6th screw (3-6)；
Angle between axis and the horizontal end face of hydrostatic column (8) of the first screw (3-1) is 30 °, the axle of the first screw (3-1)
Angle between the axis of line and the second screw (3-2) is 30 °, the axis of the second screw (3-2) and the axle of the 3rd screw (3-3)
Angle between line is 30 °, and the angle between axis and the horizontal end face of hydrostatic column (8) of the 3rd screw (3-3) is
90 °, the angle between axis and the axis of the 4th screw (3-4) of the 3rd screw (3-3) is 45 °, the axle of the 4th screw (3-4)
Angle between the axis of line and the 5th screw (3-5) is 30 °, the axis of the 5th screw (3-5) and the axle of the 6th screw (3-6)
Angle between line is 15 °, and the angle between axis and the horizontal end face of hydrostatic column (8) of the 6th screw (3-6) is 0 °.
5., according to the testing equipment of a kind of multiangular measurement ice described in claim 1,2 or 4 Yu bituminous paving cohesive force, it is special
Levy and be: the lower end of bottom branch sleeve (2) is connected the threaded upper ends of screw rod (1) and connects with bottom.
6. utilize a kind of multiangular measurement ice described in claim 1 or 2 any one claim and bituminous paving cohesive force
Testing equipment analogue measurement ice and bituminous paving between the method for cohesive force, it is characterised in that: the method is according to following step
Suddenly carry out:
Step one, pavement asphalt mixture is made the cylinder test specimen (6) matched with the inner chamber of hydrostatic column (8), will
Four jackscrews (7) are screwed in the corresponding tapped through hole (8-1) of hydrostatic column (8), and cylinder test specimen (6) is fixed on cylinder
In describing device (8)；
Step 2, the water being used for preparing ice sheet is injected groove (5) in and exceed the upper surface of hollow cylinder (5-1), will
It is fixed with the hydrostatic column (8) of cylinder test specimen (6) just to being buckled on groove (5) so that the following table of cylinder test specimen (6)
Face is completely immersed in water；
Step 3, the hydrostatic column (8) and groove (5) that complete step 2 are placed in freezing case be cooled to preset temperature
Degree, until the water freezing in groove (5), now, the ice in groove (5) is fully bonded together with cylinder test specimen (6)；
Step 4, complete step 3 after, select preset power to ice and the different load angles at the interface of cylinder test specimen (6),
Connecting assembly is installed in N number of screw (3) that upper ring torr (31) and lower ring torr (32) are corresponding and carries out load test respectively, under
Portion connect screw rod (1) lower end is connected with the lower table of MTS fluid pressure type loading system, top connection screw rod (10) upper end and
The upper table of MTS fluid pressure type loading system connects, MTS fluid pressure type loading system controlling ambient temperature is preset temperature, logical
Crossing MTS fluid pressure type loading system and preset loading speed V, MTS fluid pressure type loading system is to upper ring torr (31) and lower ring torr
(32) axial compressive force is applied, until the interface between cylinder test specimen (6) and ice face is destroyed, upper ring torr (31) and lower ring torr
(32) structure is separately；
Step 5, with cylinder test specimen (6) with ice face destroy time ultimate tension or shearing and destroy interface grade Comprehensive Assessment
Cohesive force between bituminous paving and ice, ultimate tension when destroying in loading procedure, direct by MTS fluid pressure type loading system
Read；Interface of destroying now is destruction interface when road surface is destroyed therebetween with ice face；Destroy interface grade to be divided into
Excellent, good, in, secondary, poor, as shown in table 1:
Table 1 destroys interface grade evaluation index:
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| CN105277485B (en) * | 2015-09-24 | 2017-08-25 | 空气动力学国家重点实验室 | It is a kind of to determine ice and the device of object plane cohesive force |
| CN106248574A (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2016-12-21 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of Portable type ice Bituminous Pavement cohesive force sensing equipment and method |
| CN107389524B (en) * | 2017-07-18 | 2019-10-25 | 河海大学 | Asphalt hates the test device and method of ice performance |
| CN108507942B (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2020-12-01 | 长安大学 | Device and method for testing asphalt cohesion and adhesion |
| CN110006822A (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2019-07-12 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of ice-road interfacial adhesion multi-angle, in-situ testing device |
| CN110441231B (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2024-09-24 | 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 | Test device and test method for measuring performance of composite material |
| CN110779866A (en) * | 2019-11-12 | 2020-02-11 | 黑龙江省水利科学研究院 | Test device and method for measuring bonding force between bolt and ice |
| CN111896381B (en) * | 2020-08-12 | 2022-04-29 | 北京市政路桥建材集团有限公司 | Anti-icing performance evaluation method for anti-icing asphalt mixture |
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