CN111896381B - Anti-icing performance evaluation method for anti-icing asphalt mixture - Google Patents
Anti-icing performance evaluation method for anti-icing asphalt mixture Download PDFInfo
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- CN111896381B CN111896381B CN202010807456.4A CN202010807456A CN111896381B CN 111896381 B CN111896381 B CN 111896381B CN 202010807456 A CN202010807456 A CN 202010807456A CN 111896381 B CN111896381 B CN 111896381B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/36—Embedding or analogous mounting of samples
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/42—Low-temperature sample treatment, e.g. cryofixation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0017—Tensile
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/006—Crack, flaws, fracture or rupture
- G01N2203/0067—Fracture or rupture
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
- G01N2203/0222—Temperature
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- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an anti-icing performance evaluation method of an anti-icing asphalt mixture, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: (1) forming, rotating and compacting the test piece, forming and drawing the test piece, (2) drawing test, and (3) evaluating the anti-freezing performance. The anti-icing performance evaluation method of the anti-icing asphalt mixture can quantitatively evaluate the anti-icing performance of the anti-icing asphalt mixture, can determine the lowest limit of the applicable temperature of the anti-icing material, and can be used for optimizing different anti-icing materials. The test method is simple, the equipment requirement is not high, the operation process is easy, and the popularization of the test method is facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for evaluating the anti-icing performance of an anti-icing asphalt mixture, in particular to a method capable of evaluating the anti-icing performance and the applicable temperature range of an active snow-melting asphalt pavement material, belonging to the technical field of highway asphalt pavement design.
Background
Road construction and operation are important components of national economy, and have a vital promoting effect on national economy. In the road operation process, two major challenges are faced at present to ensure smooth traffic and safe driving. Especially in large cities with increasingly serious traffic congestion, the service capacity of roads becomes a decisive factor influencing the normal operation of the cities.
Road traffic is greatly influenced by natural environment, especially road icing phenomenon. The normal operation of passenger transport and freight transport in northeast regions, northern inner Mongolia regions and parts of southern mountain regions is influenced for a long time, and great hidden danger is formed for the life and property safety of the masses of people. According to incomplete statistics, the traffic accidents caused by winter freezing in our country all the year round account for about 30% of the traffic accidents all the year round, and the accident rate is 4-5 times of that in normal times. In the ice and snow disaster which occurs in 2008, 23 provinces of road traffic in China are affected, and the direct economic loss is as high as 125 billion yuan. Therefore, the deep research on the interaction relationship between the road surface and the icy road surface has wide and profound scientific research value and engineering significance.
The anti-icing asphalt pavement is characterized in that a snow melting material is doped when the pavement is paved, and the snow is slowly separated out in the long-term use process, so that the function of melting accumulated snow on the road surface is achieved. The snow melting and deicing device has the advantages of being active, efficient, capable of melting ice and snow from bottom to top and the like, can achieve continuous and lasting snow melting and deicing, avoids a series of adverse effects caused by using a large amount of snow melting agents, and improves snow melting and deicing efficiency under the rolling effect of vehicle loads.
At present, most of the evaluation of the anti-icing effect of the anti-icing asphalt mixture at home and abroad is a qualitative evaluation method, and the qualitative evaluation methods are limited by human factors, have large errors and cannot intuitively and accurately evaluate the anti-icing effect. Therefore, a quantitative and intuitive method for accurately and effectively evaluating the anti-icing performance of the anti-icing asphalt mixture is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an anti-icing performance evaluation method for an anti-icing asphalt mixture, which solves the problem of qualitative evaluation of the anti-icing effect of the anti-icing asphalt mixture, and is quantitative, visual, accurate and effective.
The method for evaluating the anti-icing performance of the anti-icing asphalt mixture comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of drawing test piece,
(2) A drawing test detection step;
(3) an evaluation step;
the preparation steps of the drawing test piece are as follows:
(11) mixing the anti-icing asphalt mixture according to a target mixing ratio designed by the project, and forming a rotary compacted asphalt mixture test piece according to a test method of road engineering asphalt and asphalt mixture test regulation T0736-2011;
(12) placing a rotary compacted asphalt mixture test piece in a test cylinder, horizontally placing a drawing die in the center of the end face of the asphalt mixture test piece, and injecting a certain amount of water into the test cylinder, wherein the drawing die comprises a horizontal hollow panel, an upper drawing ring in the vertical direction is fixed at the center of the upper surface of the panel, and a plurality of equal-height cylinders are vertically fixed at the lower surface of the panel; the water level in the test cylinder submerges the panel;
(13) placing the test cylinder in an environment box with the required test temperature for freezing for a certain time, taking out the test cylinder from the environment box, washing the outside of the test cylinder with water, taking out the test cylinder to obtain a drawing test piece when the frozen test piece in the test cylinder falls off, and placing the drawing test piece in the environment box with the required temperature for later use;
the drawing test detection step comprises:
(21) fixing a fixed base at the bottom of the UTM tester, fixing the prepared asphalt mixture part of the drawing test piece on the fixed base downwards, carrying out a drawing test in an environment with required temperature, and recording the maximum damage tensile load value and the damage surface state of the contact surface of the asphalt mixture test piece and the ice block; the fixing base is a cylinder with a bottom, a vertical pull ring is fixed at the outer bottom of the cylinder, a plurality of screw holes are formed in the wall of the cylinder, bolts or screws are fixed in the screw holes, the tops of the bolts or screws are clamped on the peripheral surface of the asphalt mixture at the lower part of the drawing test piece,
the assessing step comprises:
(31) and (3) evaluating the anti-icing performance of different materials: at the same temperature, drawing tests are carried out on the asphalt mixture added with different anti-icing materials, test results are compared, and the anti-icing performance of the materials is judged to be strong or weak, and the smaller the maximum damage tensile load value is, the better the anti-icing performance is; or/and
(32) the applicable temperature range evaluation of the anticoagulation ice of the same material is as follows: and (3) carrying out drawing tests at different temperatures according to a certain temperature gradient, wherein when the maximum breaking tensile load value is basically unchanged, the lower limit of the applicable temperature of the anti-freezing material is reached, and the smaller the lower limit of the temperature is, the better the anti-freezing material is.
The panel in the step (12) is a circular panel with more than 3 circular through holes, and 3-4 equal-height columns are vertically fixed on the lower surface of the panel.
In the step (11), the height of the rotary compacted test piece is 50mm, and the diameter of the test piece is 100 mm.
In the step (12), the test cylinder is a cylinder with the diameter of 105mm +/-2.0 mm and the height of more than 80 mm; the amount of water injected into the test cylinder is 10mm higher than that of the hollow panel of the drawing die.
In the step (13), the test tube is placed in an environmental chamber for freezing for 4 hours.
In the step (21), the drawing rate is 10 mm/min.
The fixed base is provided with at least more than 3 screw holes which are uniformly distributed on the cylinder wall at the same height.
The step (1) is carried out at least 3 times of parallel tests.
The anti-icing test method comprises the steps of preparing an anti-icing asphalt mixture into a standard test piece, icing ice and a drawing die at one end of the asphalt mixture, and judging whether the anti-icing performance of the material is strong or weak according to a maximum damage tensile load value through a drawing test at the same temperature, wherein the smaller the maximum damage tensile load value is, the better the anti-icing performance is; meanwhile, the invention can also determine the lower limit of the applicable temperature of the anti-freezing material through the drawing test of the same material at different temperatures, and the smaller the lower limit value of the temperature is, the better the anti-freezing material is.
The method provided by the invention has the advantages that the measured values are directly compared, and the quantification is visual, accurate and effective. The method is simple, has low equipment requirement and easy operation process, and is beneficial to popularization of the test method.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of a drawing die in the method of the present invention,
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of a drawing die in the method of the present invention,
figure 3 is a schematic front view of a fixing base in the method of the invention,
FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of a mounting base in the method of the present invention,
FIG. 5 is an assembly diagram of the method of the present invention during a test of a drawn test piece.
The various reference numbers in the figures are listed below: the arrow direction is the stress direction, 1-cylinder, 2-drawing die, 3-ice block, 4-asphalt mixture test piece, 5-fixed base, 6-bolt, 7-lower drawing ring, 8-upper drawing ring, 9-through hole, 10-panel and 11-cylinder.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.
The embodiment of the invention provides an anti-icing performance evaluation method of an anti-icing asphalt mixture, which comprises the following steps:
step S1 is to perform the preparation of the drawn test piece,
step S2, drawing test detection is carried out;
step S2 of evaluation;
the preparation and drawing test detection of the test piece by the S1 comprises the following steps:
(S11) mixing the anti-icing asphalt mixture according to a target mixing proportion designed by the project, and forming a rotary compaction test piece according to a test method of road engineering asphalt and asphalt mixture test regulation T0736-2011, wherein the height of the test piece is 50mm, and the diameter of the test piece is 100 mm;
(S12) placing the rotary compacted test piece in a test tube, horizontally placing a drawing die (shown in fig. 1 and 2) at the center of the test piece, injecting a certain amount of water into the test tube,
the drawing die comprises a horizontal circular panel 10 with a through hole 9, an upper drawing ring 8 in the vertical direction is fixed at the center of the upper surface of the panel 10, a plurality of cylinders 11 with equal height are vertically fixed at the lower surface of the panel, the cylinders 11 are supported on the end surface of asphalt concrete, a preset gap is formed between the panel and the end surface, the added water is communicated into a whole through the through hole, and water is injected to enable the water to be 10mm above the panel of the drawing die;
(S13) placing the test tube into an environment box with the required test temperature for freezing for 4h, taking out the test tube from the environment box, washing the outside of the test tube with water, taking out the test piece from the test tube after the frozen ice test piece in the test tube falls off, and placing the test piece into the environment box with the required temperature for standby.
(S21) the fixture base (shown in fig. 3 and 4) is fixed to the bottom of the UTM tester, and the prepared drawn test piece is fixed to the fixture base 5 (shown in fig. 5). The drawing test piece comprises an upper part and a lower part, wherein the lower part is an asphalt mixture test piece 4, the upper part is an ice block 3, and a drawing die 2 is frozen in the ice block 3. And (3) carrying out a drawing test in an environment with required temperature, wherein the drawing speed is 10mm/min, and recording the maximum breaking tensile maximum load value and the breaking surface state of the contact surface of the asphalt mixture test piece 4 and the ice block 3 of the drawing test piece.
The fixing base is a cylinder 1 with a bottom, a lower drawing ring 7 in the vertical direction is fixed at the outer bottom of the cylinder 1, a plurality of screw holes are formed in the wall of the cylinder 1, bolts 6 are fixed in the screw holes, the tops of the bolts 6 are clamped on the peripheral surface of the asphalt mixture test piece 4,
the evaluation of the S3 comprises the following steps:
(S31) evaluation of anti-icing effect of different materials: at the same temperature, carrying out a drawing test on the asphalt mixture added with different anti-icing materials, comparing test results, and judging the anti-icing performance of the materials;
(S32) evaluation of applicable temperature range for anticoagulation of the same material: and (3) carrying out drawing tests at different temperatures according to a certain temperature gradient, and indicating that the lower limit of the applicable temperature of the anti-freezing material is reached when the drawing result is basically unchanged.
The sequence of the step S31 of evaluating the anti-icing effect of different materials and the step S32 of evaluating the anti-icing applicable temperature range of the same material can be interchanged.
Preferably, in the step (S12), the test tube is a cylinder with a diameter of 105mm +/-2.0 mm and a height of more than 80 mm;
the test results are shown in tables 1 and 2.
TABLE 1 test results of anti-icing effect of different anti-icing asphalt mixtures (-5 ℃ C.)
Table 2 anti-icing applicable temperature range test results of anti-icing asphalt mixture added with F1 anti-icing material
As can be seen from Table 1, the anti-icing effect of the asphalt mixture with the added F1 anti-icing material is better than that of the asphalt mixture with the added F2 anti-icing material, and the anti-icing effect of the two materials is better than that of the asphalt mixture without the added anti-icing material under the environment of-5 ℃.
As can be seen from Table 2, the change of the maximum breaking tensile load at-15 ℃ and-20 ℃ of the asphalt mixture added with the F1 anti-icing material is very small, which indicates that the lower limit of the anti-icing applicable temperature of the F1 anti-icing material is-10 ℃. The method can also be used as a graph to obtain an approximate value (located between-15 and-10 ℃), but in practical engineering application, the temperature application range is judged by taking every 5 ℃ as a stage, no obvious effect is achieved at the temperature of-15 ℃, and the lower limit of-10 ℃ is conservatively determined to ensure the reliability of the material.
Various other modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art based on the above-described technical solutions and concepts, and all such modifications and changes should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. An anti-icing performance evaluation method for an anti-icing asphalt mixture comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of drawing test piece,
(2) A drawing test detection step;
(3) an evaluation step;
the preparation steps of the drawing test piece are as follows:
(11) mixing the anti-icing asphalt mixture according to a target mixing ratio designed by the project, and forming a rotary compacted asphalt mixture test piece according to a test method of road engineering asphalt and asphalt mixture test regulation T0736-2011;
(12) placing a rotary compacted asphalt mixture test piece in a test cylinder, horizontally placing a drawing die in the center of the end face of the asphalt mixture test piece, and injecting a certain amount of water into the test cylinder, wherein the drawing die comprises a horizontal hollow panel, an upper drawing ring in the vertical direction is fixed at the center of the upper surface of the panel, and a plurality of equal-height cylinders are vertically fixed at the lower surface of the panel; the water level in the test cylinder submerges the panel;
(13) placing the test cylinder in an environment box with the required test temperature for freezing for a certain time, taking out the test cylinder from the environment box, washing the outside of the test cylinder with water, taking out the test cylinder to obtain a drawing test piece when the frozen test piece in the test cylinder falls off, and placing the drawing test piece in the environment box with the required temperature for later use;
the drawing test detection step comprises:
(21) fixing a fixed base at the bottom of the UTM tester, fixing the prepared asphalt mixture part of the drawing test piece on the fixed base downwards, carrying out a drawing test in an environment with required temperature, and recording the maximum damage tensile load value and the damage surface state of the contact surface of the asphalt mixture test piece and the ice block; the fixing base is a cylinder with a bottom, a vertical pull ring is fixed at the outer bottom of the cylinder, a plurality of screw holes are formed in the wall of the cylinder, bolts or screws are fixed in the screw holes, the tops of the bolts or screws are clamped on the peripheral surface of the asphalt mixture at the lower part of the drawing test piece,
the assessing step comprises:
(31) and (3) evaluating the anti-icing performance of different materials: at the same temperature, drawing tests are carried out on the asphalt mixture added with different anti-icing materials, test results are compared, and the anti-icing performance of the materials is judged to be strong or weak, and the smaller the maximum damage tensile load value is, the better the anti-icing performance is; or/and
(32) the applicable temperature range evaluation of the anticoagulation ice of the same material is as follows: and (3) carrying out drawing tests at different temperatures according to a certain temperature gradient, wherein when the maximum breaking tensile load value is basically unchanged, the lower limit of the applicable temperature of the anti-freezing material is reached, and the smaller the lower limit of the temperature is, the better the anti-freezing material is.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the panel in step (12) is a circular panel having more than 3 circular through holes, and 3-4 equal-height columns are vertically fixed on the lower surface of the panel.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (11), the rotary compacted asphalt mixture test piece has a height of 50mm and a diameter of 100 mm.
4. The method according to claim 2, wherein in the step (12), the test cylinder is a cylinder with a diameter of 105mm ± 2.0mm and a height of more than 80 mm; the amount of water injected into the test cylinder is 10mm higher than that of the hollow panel of the drawing die.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein in step (13), the test tube is placed in an environmental chamber for freezing for 4 h.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (21), the drawing rate is 10 mm/min.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the fixing base has at least 3 screw holes, and the screw holes are uniformly distributed on the cylindrical wall at the same height.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein step (1) is performed at least 3 replicates.
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| CN202010807456.4A CN111896381B (en) | 2020-08-12 | 2020-08-12 | Anti-icing performance evaluation method for anti-icing asphalt mixture |
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| CN202010807456.4A CN111896381B (en) | 2020-08-12 | 2020-08-12 | Anti-icing performance evaluation method for anti-icing asphalt mixture |
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| CN111896381B true CN111896381B (en) | 2022-04-29 |
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| JP5375761B2 (en) * | 2010-07-13 | 2013-12-25 | 福田道路株式会社 | Asphalt mixture for elastic paving |
| CN102087204B (en) * | 2010-11-29 | 2012-07-25 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Test equipment and method for measuring binding power between ice and bituminous pavement |
| CN104181104B (en) * | 2014-08-25 | 2017-01-11 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Test device and method for measuring binding force between ice and asphalt pavement in multiple angles |
| CN104374692A (en) * | 2014-09-23 | 2015-02-25 | 武汉理工大学 | Testing method for adhesion between asphalt concrete and asphalt concrete surface ice layer |
| CN105806778A (en) * | 2016-03-10 | 2016-07-27 | 江苏中路工程技术研究院有限公司 | Method for evaluating snow and ice melting capacity of anti-freezing asphalt mixture |
| CN206891822U (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2018-01-16 | 长安大学 | It is a kind of to be used to measure ice and the icing device of bituminous paving adhesion strength |
| CN107389524B (en) * | 2017-07-18 | 2019-10-25 | 河海大学 | Asphalt hates the test device and method of ice performance |
| CN108931475B (en) * | 2018-05-08 | 2020-10-02 | 山东高速济泰城际公路有限公司 | Method for evaluating ice and snow melting effect of slow-release type active ice and snow melting asphalt pavement |
| CN209656534U (en) * | 2019-03-19 | 2019-11-19 | 长安大学 | A kind of device of the test anticoagulant ice performance of bituminous pavement of simulation dynamic load |
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