CN104179531B - A kind of heat to power output mechanism based on open-close manifold type thermodynamic cycle - Google Patents
A kind of heat to power output mechanism based on open-close manifold type thermodynamic cycle Download PDFInfo
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- CN104179531B CN104179531B CN201410356979.6A CN201410356979A CN104179531B CN 104179531 B CN104179531 B CN 104179531B CN 201410356979 A CN201410356979 A CN 201410356979A CN 104179531 B CN104179531 B CN 104179531B
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000001174 ascending Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000001172 regenerating Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000036536 Cave Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019994 cava Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002965 rope Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002207 thermal evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
Abstract
This patent is a kind of heat to power output mechanism based on opening and closing manifold type thermodynamic cycle, belongs to compressed air energy storage and utilizes field.Summary of the invention is mainly directed towards liquefied air energy-storage system, it is proposed that the implementation method of a kind of opening and closing coupled heat circulation, the heat to power output efficiency of liquefied air can be greatly improved, improve the capacity usage ratio of liquid air, improve energy-storage system whole efficiency.Liquefied air gasification endothermic process can produce substantial amounts of " cold ", and cold is the important component part that liquefied air stores energy, what this patent employing cryogenic energy utilization coupled with heat to power output directly utilizes mode, by introducing a compression circulation at conventional heat on the basis of circulating, directly cold is converted into mechanical power, to improve liquefied air energy mechanical power conversion ratio.This system authority can expansion energy and cold energy to liquefied air utilize simultaneously, it is achieved being greatly improved of system authority efficiency.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to compressed air energy storage and utilize field, relating to liquid air energy-storage system
Heat to power output system.
Background technology:
The problem of environmental pollution that the burning of Fossil fuel brings is the most serious.Show as PM2.5 index
Exceeding standard on a large scale, annual haze natural law rises year by year, and CO2 emission constantly increases, everything
Burning with Fossil fuel is inseparable.
Therefore, while combustion of fossil fuel technical research is constantly carried out, the spy of new energy technology
Rope is also significantly advancing.Various countries actively develop the new forms of energy such as wind energy, nuclear energy, solar energy at present.?
The use of China's new forms of energy accounting only 7% in total energy, it is contemplated that be up to 15% at the year two thousand twenty
Regenerative resource, as the important component part of new forms of energy, is technical and the most competing on cost
Strive the new forms of energy form of power, such as wind energy and solar energy.The use of regenerative resource is at total energy at present
In accounting only 1.5%, it is contemplated that be up to 6% at the year two thousand twenty.2011, world's wind-powered electricity generation and photovoltaic
Generating total installation of generating capacity respectively reaches 2.38 hundred million kilowatts and 0.69 hundred million kilowatts.But, wind energy and too
The regenerative resources such as sun energy have intermittent and instable feature, although installed capacity is huge,
But power grid application can not be accessed at present on a large scale.
The large scale storage technology of regenerative resource can solve the problems referred to above, so far, the world
The upper countries such as U.S., moral that only have complete the foundation in a small amount of compressed-air energy storage power station, and its reason is compression
Air energy storage systems needs huge Natural Caves storage compressed air.Therefore, compressed-air energy storage
Technology is the most extensively applied.
Energy storing space demand can be reduced 97% by liquefied air energy storage, compares conventional compression air energy storage
With the advantage that its energy storage density is high, it is adaptable to the large scale storage of regenerative resource, have wide
Application prospect.
Liquefied air energy storage principle: when electrical energy demands supplies less than electrical network, unnecessary electrical energy drive electricity
Machine drives gas liquefaction system, and air enters liquefied air system, becomes low through overcompression and cooling
Temperature liquefied air, stores electric energy with the form of liquefied air；When electrical energy demands supplies more than electrical network,
Use cryopump by after the liquefied air supercharging of low-temperature liquid storage tank, with the air heat-exchange of room temperature, liquefy
Gasifying after air heat absorption, pressure raises and expands against turbine generation, it is achieved the hot merit of liquefied air
Conversion.
Liquefied air gasification endothermic process can produce substantial amounts of " cold ", and cold is liquefied air
Storing the important component part of energy, making full use of of cold is the pass in liquefied air energy storage technology
Key problem.
Presently, there are two kinds of technology paths solving this problem.
A kind of indirect utilization mode based on conventional air piece-rate system, utilizes " cold " by room temperature
Air cools down, and the air containing " cold " imports conventional air piece-rate system, makes industry product
Product liquid nitrogen and liquid oxygen, to improve liquefied air capacity usage ratio.
Another kind be cryogenic energy utilization couple with heat to power output directly utilize mode, by conventional thermal
Introduce a compression circulation on the basis of power circulation, directly cold is converted into mechanical power, to improve
Liquefied air energy-mechanical power conversion ratio.
In sum, the direct target of energy-storage system is output mechanical power thus is converted to electric energy, and
The latter is the mode that a kind of cold directly utilizes, thus has the potentiality improving energy-storage system efficiency.
Therefore, liquefied air heat to power output technology is the key technology that liquefied air energy-storage system is urgently to be resolved hurrily.
Within 1996, Ordonez proposes the electromotor with liquid nitrogen as power first, makes liquid nitrogen absorb heat
Gasification, after gasification, pressure increases, and then as pressure source, liquid nitrogen is driven turbine or piston output
Merit, the complete low-pressure nitrogen that does work is discharged by air vent, as Fig. 1, Ordonez use open type to follow
Ring utilizes the characteristic of liquid nitrogen expanded by heating to realize heat to power output, then analyzes based on open circulation
Energy stored in liquid nitrogen.
Knowlen in 1998 uses enclosed Rankine cycle, using liquid nitrogen as low-temperature receiver in acting working medium pressure
Compression process absorbs the heat of compression, utilizes the liquid nitrogen temperature difference with atmospheric environment to realize cold energy and mechanical power
Conversion, shown that by theory analysis the liquid nitrogen of unit mass can realize heat to power output
300-450kJ/kg, and the potentiality of liquid nitrogen heat to power output are 760kJ/kg, theoretical efficiency is 40%-60%.
Within 1998, Plummer utilizes above-mentioned principle to machined experimental prototype, and records unit mass reality heat
Merit amount of translation be 190kJ/kg, i.e. actual efficiency be 25%.Within 2000, Ordonez uses one to improve
Closed Brayton Power Cycle achieve the raising of theoretical efficiency, obtain unit mass heat to power output amount
482kJ/kg, i.e. theoretical efficiency are 63%.
Cold energy is the ability converting heat energy into mechanical energy that liquid nitrogen has from external world's heat absorption, expands
Can be that pressure rises and the ability of expansion work to external world that has after liquid nitrogen gasification.Two kinds of energy
Character is completely different, to this end, the raw liquefied air that open circulation technology is applied to of Chen Hai in 2007 stores up
Energy system, it is achieved that the conversion of expansion energy-mechanical power, and utilize cold energy to prepare liquefied air, as
The raw material of next energy storage circulation heat to power output.But the preparation circulation of liquefied air can bring cold energy
Loss, thus cause declining to a great extent of heat to power output efficiency.Therefore, a kind of expansion energy is found with cold
The thermodynamic cycle that can couple heat to power output is problem demanding prompt solution.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention:
A kind of heat to power output technology improving liquefied air heat to power output efficiency is proposed.
Advantages of the present invention: directly the cold energy of liquefied air is converted to mechanical energy, improves the utilization of cold energy
Rate.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the heat to power output mechanism principle figure of open-close manifold type thermodynamic cycle
1. two-position three-way valve, 2. work tank, 3. fan, 4. heat exchanger tube, 5. piston cylinder, 6. change
Hot tank, 7. heat exchanger, 8. 2/2-way valve, 9. ascending pipe, 10. pipeline, 11. pipelines
Technical scheme:
It is made up of work tank (2), heat exchange tank (6) and piston cylinder (5), with heat exchange tank (6) even
The pipeline (11) connect is divided into two branch roads, road series connection two-position three-way valve (1) afterwards with work tank (2)
Connecting, another road connects 2/2-way valve (8), the ascending pipe (9) being connected with two-position three-way valve (1)
Inserting in work tank (2) below liquid level, the pipeline (10) being connected with two-position three-way valve (1) is inserted
Enter in work tank (2) more than liquid level, heat exchanger tube of connecting between heat exchange tank (6) with piston cylinder (5)
(4), fan (3) placed outward by heat exchanger tube (4), and heat exchange tank (6) built-in heat exchanger (7) is complete
Become gasification-compression process, expansion process and exhaust process.
Gasification-compression process: two-position three-way valve (1) is in bottom, 2/2-way valve (8) is in
Off-state, piston cylinder (5) is in rise, and the gas in heat exchange tank (6) is compressed, and passes through
Connecting line enters the bottom of work tank (2), compressed gas and liquefied air direct contact heat transfer,
Liquefied air is by thermal evaporation, and work tank (2) pressure rises.
Expansion process: two-position three-way valve (1) is in upper, 2/2-way valve (8) is in disconnection shape
State, piston cylinder (5) is in backhaul, and air and compressed gas that gasification produces mix, and pass through pipeline
Entering heat exchange tank (6), mixed gas is by the heat exchange stream in heat exchanger (7), with heat exchange tank (6)
Body carries out abundant heat exchange, and temperature rises, gas expansion, promotes the piston of piston cylinder (5) externally to do
Merit.
Exhaust process: two-position three-way valve (1) is in bottom, 2/2-way valve (8) is in connected state
State, piston cylinder (5) is in rise, and heat exchange tank (6) liquid level rises, and gas passes through 2/2-way
Valve (8) is discharged, and gas pressure keeps constant, close to atmospheric pressure.
Fan: during piston movement, fan (3) remains starting state, exchanges heat pipe
(4) heat, make heat exchanging fluid temperature stabilization in room temperature, for the heat exchange in heat exchange tank (6)
Process provides stable origin of heat.
Ascending pipe: inserting work tank (2) end is circular, square, the multiple geometry of polygon
Loose structure.
Claims (6)
1. a heat to power output mechanism based on open-close manifold type thermodynamic cycle, it is characterised in that:
It is made up of work tank (2), heat exchange tank (6) and piston cylinder (5), is connected with heat exchange tank (6)
Pipeline (11) is divided into two branch roads, road series connection two-position three-way valve (1) afterwards with work tank (2)
Connecting, another road connects 2/2-way valve (8), the ascending pipe (9) being connected with two-position three-way valve (1)
Inserting in work tank (2) below liquid level, the pipeline (10) being connected with two-position three-way valve (1) is inserted
Enter in work tank (2) more than liquid level, heat exchanger tube of connecting between heat exchange tank (6) with piston cylinder (5)
(4), fan (3) placed outward by heat exchanger tube (4), and heat exchange tank (6) built-in heat exchanger (7) is complete
Become gasification-compression process, expansion process and exhaust process.
2. a kind of based on open-close manifold type thermodynamic cycle the heat to power output machine described in claim 1
Structure, it is characterised in that: two-position three-way valve (1) is in bottom, and 2/2-way valve (8) is in disconnected
Open state, piston cylinder (5) is in rise, and the gas in heat exchange tank (6) is compressed, by even
Adapter road enters the bottom of work tank (2), compressed gas and liquefied air direct contact heat transfer, liquid
Changing air heats gasification, work tank (2) pressure rises.
3. a kind of based on open-close manifold type thermodynamic cycle the heat to power output machine described in claim 1
Structure, it is characterised in that: two-position three-way valve (1) is in upper, and 2/2-way valve (8) is in disconnected
Open state, piston cylinder (5) is in backhaul, and air and compressed gas that gasification produces mix, and pass through
Pipeline enters heat exchange tank (6), and mixed gas is by changing in heat exchanger (7), with heat exchange tank (6)
Hot fluid carries out abundant heat exchange, and temperature rises, gas expansion, promotes the piston pair of piston cylinder (5)
Outer acting.
4. a kind of based on open-close manifold type thermodynamic cycle the heat to power output machine described in claim 1
Structure, it is characterised in that: two-position three-way valve (1) is in bottom, 2/2-way valve (8) company of being in
Logical state, piston cylinder (5) is in rise, and heat exchange tank (6) liquid level rises, and gas passes through two
Two-way valve (8) is discharged, and gas pressure keeps constant, close to atmospheric pressure.
5. a kind of based on open-close manifold type thermodynamic cycle the heat to power output machine described in claim 1
Structure, it is characterised in that: during piston movement, fan (3) remains starting state, right
Heat exchanger tube (4) heats, make heat exchanging fluid temperature stabilization in room temperature, in heat exchange tank (6)
Heat transfer process stable origin of heat is provided.
6. a kind of based on open-close manifold type thermodynamic cycle the heat to power output machine described in claim 1
Structure, it is characterised in that: inserting work tank (2) end is circular, square, the multiple geometric form of polygon
The loose structure of shape.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410356979.6A CN104179531B (en) | 2014-07-25 | A kind of heat to power output mechanism based on open-close manifold type thermodynamic cycle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410356979.6A CN104179531B (en) | 2014-07-25 | A kind of heat to power output mechanism based on open-close manifold type thermodynamic cycle |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104179531A CN104179531A (en) | 2014-12-03 |
| CN104179531B true CN104179531B (en) | 2017-01-04 |
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Granted publication date: 20170104 Termination date: 20190725 |