CN104179508B - Tunnel descaling machine - Google Patents
Tunnel descaling machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN104179508B CN104179508B CN201410233491.4A CN201410233491A CN104179508B CN 104179508 B CN104179508 B CN 104179508B CN 201410233491 A CN201410233491 A CN 201410233491A CN 104179508 B CN104179508 B CN 104179508B
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Abstract
A kind of tunnel descaling machine, points out the cleaning of loose layer frankly for sinking and blasting rear lane and to get rid of the danger operation.Integrate impact grinding device, vehicle chassis, mechanical arm group, revolving dial and electric, hydraulic control system, adopt diesel powered, full hydraulic drive, machinery, hydraulic drive combine, electrical control and hydraulic pilot are handled, and drive that vehicle chassis drives walking and shoveling thereof, supporting leg lifts, falls; Drive revolving dial turns round; The lifting of driving machine mechanical arm group, flexible, rotate and swing; Handle the broken loose layer of quartering hammer high-frequency percussion impact.The present invention is alternative manually to be carried out tunnel cleaning and gets rid of the danger, adopt do mechanization operation, automaticity is high, and shoveling is powerful, climbing capacity is strong, systemic-function arranges rationally, and operation adjustment is convenient, can reduce labor intensity, improve operation work efficiency, shorten cleaning to get rid of the danger the time, avoid and reduce operating personnel's injures and deaths, for roadway construction safety in production provides powerful guarantee.Be widely used in exploitation of mineral resources and constructing tunnel cleaning is got rid of the danger operation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to mining activities and set of tunneling construction equipment technical field, specifically a kind of roadway construction that is used for tunnels, and after explosion, broken loose layer clears up the special-purpose machinery of operation of getting rid of the danger.
Background technology
Current tunnelling construction basic continuity traditional work pattern.Take blasting method to tunnel, then labor cleaning breaks loose layer, eliminates tunnel landslide potential safety hazard.After tunnelling construction and sinking and blasting, the cleaning of broken loose layer is got rid of the danger, and is work dangerous, the arduousest in tunnelling construction.According to statistics, the cleaning that the security incident of roadway construction 75% occurs in brokenly loose layer is got rid of the danger in operation.Labor cleaning gets rid of the danger, and operation is dangerous greatly, inefficiency, labour intensity are high and operating condition is poor.Along with scientific and technological progress and social development, adopting machinery to carry out cleaning operation of getting rid of the danger becomes inevitable.
Summary of the invention
To get rid of the danger the deficiency of operation for overcoming existing labor cleaning, goal of the invention of the present invention is to provide a kind of tunnel descaling machine, manually carries out tunnel cleaning and gets rid of the danger for substituting, to improve operation work efficiency and roadway construction security reliability.
For achieving the above object, the present invention integrates impact grinding device, vehicle chassis, mechanical arm group, revolving dial and electrical control system and hydraulic control system, and electrical control system and hydraulic control system drive that vehicle chassis drives walking and shoveling thereof, supporting leg lifts, falls; Drive revolving dial turns round; The lifting of driving machine mechanical arm group, flexible, rotate and swing; Handle the broken loose layer of quartering hammer high-frequency percussion impact.
Described vehicle chassis is rubber-tyred chassis, also can be caterpillar chassis; Rubber-tyred vehicle chassis adopts that propons hangs, propons turns to, four-wheel drive, oil pressure wheel hub brake structure, be made up of sole, dynamical system, running gear, steering, brakes and shoveling, supporting leg, drivers' cab;
Dynamical system adopts diesel engine as power source, also external power supply can be adopted and equipped motor, diesel engine is installed on the rear portion of vehicle chassis, oil pump is fixed on diesel engine connecting box, the output shaft of diesel engine is connected with oil pump by shaft coupling, drive operation of oil pump, implement hydraulic-driven and transmission;
Running gear is made up of running motor, transfer case, universal drive shaft, propons, back axle, wheel; Drive running motor, through transfer case, universal drive shaft, propons, the walking of rear bridge driven wheel;
Steering is made up of steering wheel, steering wheel, steering cylinder and propons steering linkage, and steering wheel (valve) controls steering cylinder, and the steering linkage promoting propons controls Vehicular turn;
Brakes is hydraulic brake system, the drum brake in-built by brake pedal, master cylinder, brake piping and wheel forms, trample brake pedal and control master cylinder, brake fluid force feed drives the in-built checking cylinder of wheel to make shoe brake compress brake drum braking;
Sole adopts frame-type welded construction, and propons hangs on sole front portion by front axle support, and back axle is fixed by the rear portion of bolt and sole, propons, is connected through universal drive shaft between back axle with transfer case; Sole front end arranges shoveling and lift thereof, rising and falling of shoveling adopts duplex shoveling oil cylinder parallel drive, and shoveling oil cylinder is arranged symmetrically with, its piston rod head and cylinder barrel afterbody respectively with shoveling and sole hinged, the piston rod of manipulation shoveling oil cylinder stretches out and retracts, and drives shoveling to fall and lift; The both sides, rear portion of sole arrange supporting leg respectively, and top and the sole of supporting leg are fixed; Support oil cylinder cylinder barrel afterbody and piston rod head respectively with sole and supporting leg hinged, drive the piston rod of support oil cylinder stretch out and retract, drive supporting leg falls and lifts.
Drivers' cab is fixedly installed in the side of revolving dial, drivers' cab is with the rotary support synchronous revolving of revolving dial, drivers' cab adopts steel frame construction, driver's chair is installed at the rear portion of drivers' cab, front portion arranges console, console is arranged instrument board, electrical control system and hydraulic control system master cock and handle, pedal is installed on drivers' cab floor.
Described revolving dial is made up of revolving support, rotary support, angling cylinder; Revolving dial is arranged at the middle part of vehicle chassis, be fixedly installed on the landing slab of sole, revolving support inner ring is connected and fixed by the upper mounting plate of bolt and sole, be bolted fixing bottom revolving support outer ring and rotary support, angling cylinder two ends respectively with sole, rotary support base plate hinged; Duplex angling cylinder oppositely links, and push-and-pull rotary support turns round, driving mechanical arm group and the revolution of impact grinding device.
Described mechanical arm group is made up of three grades of suit telescopic arms, hoist cylinder, telescopic oil cylinder, rotary oil cylinder, swing arm, swing arm oil cylinders; Three grades suit telescopic arm rear ends by bearing pin and rotary support upper articulation, front end and rotary oil cylinder flange are joined with bolts, and rotary oil cylinder front end flange dish and swing arm rear portion are fixed, swing arm front end and impact grinding device hinged;
Stretching by built-in flexible hydraulic oil cylinder driving of three grades of suit telescopic arms, two telescopic oil cylinders adopt end to end the connected mode composition telescopic oil cylinder group of anti-dress, oil pipe serial connection, telescopic oil cylinder group is cut with scissors by bearing pin with one-level arm front end and three grades of arm rear ends respectively and is filled, drive telescopic oil cylinder piston rod to stretch, drive three grades to be set with telescopic arm and stretch step by step; Drive hoist cylinder piston rod to stretch, driving mechanical arm group take rear end as rotating shaft, and its front end and rotary oil cylinder, swing arm and impact grinding device are raised and reduce; Driving rotary oil cylinder rotates, and drives swing arm and impact grinding device to rotate; Drive swing arm cylinder piston rod to stretch, drive impact grinding device and crushing hammar drill rod raise and reduce.
Described impact grinding device is made up of with top compressing cylinder quartering hammer and hammer seat; Quartering hammer is flush-mounted in the rail groove of hammer seat clamping plate by the scroll wheel being fixed on hammer body both sides, top compressing cylinder forward bolt piston bar and rear end cylinder barrel respectively with quartering hammer, hammer seat into shape end face of flange hinged, top oil pressuring cylinder piston bar is driven to stretch out, top pressure is formed to quartering hammer, promotes quartering hammer and to roll in rail groove reach; Also can install scroll wheel, the hammer body arranged outside rail groove of quartering hammer inside hammer seat clamping plate, hammer seat is flush-mounted in the outer side track groove of quartering hammer by its scroll wheel.
Described electrical control system and hydraulic control system comprise instrument board, electrical control manipulation and hydraulic control control system; The switch that instrument board, electrical control manipulation and hydraulic control are handled and handle, pedal are installed in drivers' cab, and instrument board, electrical control manipulation and hydraulic control master cock and handle are installed on console, and pedal is installed on floor;
Described electrical control system is made up of storage battery, master switch, generator, indicator lamp, adjuster, starter motor, relay, start stop switch, illuminating lamp, light switch, early-warning lamp, early warning switch and tachometer, water-thermometer, fuel gauge, oil pressure gauge and connection line thereof;
Described hydraulic control system is by oil pump, running motor, steering wheel, steering cylinder, shoveling oil cylinder, support oil cylinder, angling cylinder, hoist cylinder, telescopic oil cylinder, rotary oil cylinder, swing arm oil cylinder, quartering hammer, top compressing cylinder, hydraulic lock, 5-linked multi-way control valve, pilot control treadle valve, overflow valve, radiator fan motor, cleaner, fuel tank, air filter, oil thermometer, oil return cleaner, oil adsorption filter, radiator, pressure meter, pressure-gradient control valve, pilot control handle valve, six multi-way control valves, choke valve, fluid pressure line, joint forms,
Oil pump adopts combination triple gear pump, wherein two main pumps are major loop fuel feeding, drive running motor, steering cylinder, shoveling oil cylinder, support oil cylinder, angling cylinder and hoist cylinder, telescopic oil cylinder, rotary oil cylinder, swing arm oil cylinder, quartering hammer, top compressing cylinder respectively; One auxiliary pump is mainly pilot control loop fuel feeding as pioneer pump, and cleaner is installed in pilot control loop;
Hydraulic control system is provided with overflow valve at each point of oil circuit, and multi-way control valve is provided with the pressure measurement interface measuring working connection pressure;
Vehicle to run drive advance, retreat, braking and shoveling, supporting leg rise and fall and the startup of quartering hammer, stopping, top pressure adopt pedal control; The revolution of revolving dial and the lifting of mechanical arm group, flexible, rotate, swing and adopt the manual control switch on console and lever handle to control;
Shoveling oil cylinder, support oil cylinder are equipped with hydraulic lock; Angling cylinder is equipped with choke valve.Fluid pressure line adopts support and pipe clamp to mount outside mechanical arm.
The present invention compared with prior art, alternatively manually carries out tunnel cleaning and gets rid of the danger, and revolutionizes traditional sinking and blasting rear lane and points out loose layer frankly and clear up the operating type of getting rid of the danger, adopt do mechanization operation, automaticity is high, and shoveling is powerful, climbing capacity is strong, it is reasonable that heat-extraction system function setting is smash in cleaning, and operation adjustment is convenient, can effectively reduce labor intensity, improve operation work efficiency, shorten cleaning to get rid of the danger the time, avoid and reduce operating personnel's injures and deaths, for roadway construction safety in production provides powerful guarantee.Exploitation of mineral resources can be widely used in and constructing tunnel cleaning is got rid of the danger operation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is stereochemical structure simplified schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is structural representation sketch of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the top view of Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is the lateral view of Fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is electrical schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is hydraulic schematic diagram of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3, Figure 4, the present invention adopts diesel engine to be power, full hydraulic drive, adopt machinery, electric, hydraulic pressure integrated technique, integrated impact grinding device 1, vehicle chassis 2, mechanical arm group 3, revolving dial 5 and electrical control system and hydraulic control system 4 are in one.Vehicle chassis 2 is used as the supporting body of complete machine, having walking drive and shoveling, bearing function; Revolving dial 5, as the support of mechanical arm group 3, has left and right revolute function; Mechanical arm group 3 and impact grinding device 4 form Dao Pai mechanism, mechanical arm group 3 have oscilaltion, elastic, rotate in a circumferential direction and swing up and down comprehensive regulatory function, its height, length, angle, side direction, circumference easy to adjust; Impact grinding device 1 have swing up and down, height and angular adjustment and servo-actuated top compression functions, the top compressing cylinder 40 that impact grinding device 1 is special, during quartering hammer 38 can be kept to impact, servo-actuated follow-up all the time holds out against striking point, the normal starting of oscillation of quartering hammer 38 can be ensured, the drill steel of quartering hammer 38 is implemented to impact the high-frequency percussion of broken loose layer, and its fragmentation is come off.
Described vehicle chassis 2 adopts rubber-tyred chassis structure, also can be caterpillar chassis.Rubber-tyred chassis adopts that propons hangs, propons turns to, four-wheel drive, oil pressure wheel hub brake structure.Rubber-tyred chassis is primarily of part compositions such as sole 6, dynamical system, running gear, steering, brakes and shoveling 7, supporting leg 8, drivers' cabs 9.Caterpillar chassis is made up of driving wheel, guide wheel, holder sprocket wheel, crawler belt and strainer.Caterpillar chassis driving wheel is driven by motor, and its braking is hydraulic braking, turns to, is controlled by the asynchronous running of both sides motor.Relative to rubber-tyred chassis complete machine lighter in weight, walking is quick, turns to feature flexibly, and it is firm that caterpillar chassis then has chassis, powerful, frustrates the feature strong with side rollover resistant capability after climbing capacity is strong, anti-.
Dynamical system adopts diesel engine 10 as power source, and external power supply also can be adopted to join motorized power supply mode, can also adopt diesel engine and electric motor dual-power device and dual power source.The advantage of combustion power is that walking driving scope is unrestricted greatly; Shortcoming is pollution emission environment, and fuel cost is higher.The advantage of electrical propulsion unit does not have exhaust emissions, clean environment firendly, and electricity cost is lower; Shortcoming limits by power supply, and want drag cable inconvenience.Diesel engine 10 is installed on the rear portion of vehicle chassis 2, is conducive to complete machine counterweight.Oil pump 11 is fixed on the connecting box of diesel engine 10, and the output shaft of diesel engine 10 is connected with oil pump 11 by shaft coupling, and driving oil pump 11 to work, is hydraulic energy changes mechanical energy, implements hydraulic-driven and transmission.
Running gear is made up of running motor 12, transfer case 13, power transmission shaft 14, propons 15, back axle 16, wheel 17 etc.Driven by running motor 12, through transfer case 13, power transmission shaft 14, propons 15, the inner tooth bag of back axle 16 and power transmission shaft 14 machine driving, drive wheel 17 to walk; Transfer case 13 comprises top gear, neutral, low or first gear, and extension, gear-change operation adopt steel wire gum cover anchoring, and top gear is used for walking fast, is convenient to converting field, and low or first gear is for climbing and shoveling material.Propons 15, back axle 16 adopt engineering vehicle bridge, and tire can adopt real core engineering tire, also can be equipped with general air tyre.
Steering is by steering wheel 18, steering wheel 19(or valve), steering cylinder 20 and propons steering linkage 21 form.Control steering cylinder 20 by steering wheel 19, the steering linkage 21 promoting propons 15 controls Vehicular turn.
Brakes is hydraulic brake system, and the drum brake in-built by brake pedal, master cylinder, brake piping and wheel forms.Control master cylinder by trampling brake pedal, brake fluid force feed drives the in-built checking cylinder of wheel to force shoe brake to compress brake drum and implements braking.
Sole 6 adopts frame-type welded construction.Frame and junction plate adopt Q345 sheet material, to ensure the strength and stiffness of sole 6.In framework, hoofing part mechanism is arranged in space.Propons 15 hangs on the front portion of sole 6 by front axle support 22, and back axle 16 adopts U bolt 23 to fix with the rear portion of sole 6.Propons 15, universal drive shaft 14 between back axle 16 with transfer case 13, is adopted to be connected.
The front end of sole 6 arranges shoveling 7 and lift thereof.During walking, shoveling 7 is lifted, and during close to prune job face, shoveling 7 falls, and the building stones that will be scattered hold together to anterior push shovel collection.When complete machine unwheeling and the row's of smashing institution staff, shoveling 7 falls the front support as chassis and complete machine.Rising and falling of shoveling 7 adopts duplex shoveling oil cylinder 24 parallel drive.Shoveling oil cylinder 24 is arranged symmetrically with, its piston rod head and cylinder barrel afterbody respectively with shoveling 7 and sole 6 hinged.The piston rod of manipulation shoveling oil cylinder 24 stretches out and retracts, and drives shoveling 7 to fall and lift.
The supporting leg 8 that the both sides, rear portion of sole 6 are outwards arranged respectively, open backward.The top of supporting leg 8 and sole 6 are fixed, support oil cylinder 25 cylinder barrel afterbody and piston rod head respectively with sole 6 and supporting leg 8 hinged, supporting leg 8 rises and falls and to be driven by support oil cylinder 25, and the piston rod of support oil cylinder 25 stretches out and retracts, and drive supporting leg falls and lifts.During walking, supporting leg 8 is packed up and is raised, and is convenient to complete machine walking and drives; When unwheeling is smash and cleared reason, supporting leg 8 puts down the rear support as chassis and complete machine.Complete machine is propped and is raised by front support shoveling 7 and rear support supporting leg 8 in the lump, and tire liftoff does not carry.The live load of complete machine deadweight and Dao Pai mechanism is all born by front support and rear support, form firm braced structures, simultaneously the strong point comparatively Tire support time outside move, support more firm and strengthen, can effectively prevent tunnel descaling machine tyre explosion with after frustrate and turn on one's side.
Drivers' cab 9 is fixedly installed in the side of revolving dial 2.Drivers' cab 9 with rotary support 27 synchronous revolving of revolving dial 2, can be convenient to the working condition of observing Dao Pai mechanism and quartering hammer 38.Drivers' cab 9 adopts steel frame construction, provides effective security protection to operator, and height lifting regulates.Driver's chair 29 is installed at drivers' cab 9 rear portion, and front portion arranges console 30.Console 30 is arranged instrument board, electrical control and hydraulic control master cock and handle.For ease of operation, the maneuvering and control switch of mechanical arm group 3 and revolving dial 2 and control crank are arranged on console 30, vehicle to run drive advance, retreat, braking and shoveling, supporting leg 8 rise and fall and the startup of quartering hammer 38, stopping, top pressure controlled pedal are then installed on the floor of drivers' cab 9.
Described revolving dial 5 is made up of revolving support 26, rotary support 27, angling cylinder 28.Revolving dial 5 is arranged at the middle part of vehicle chassis 2, is fixedly installed on the landing slab of sole 6.Revolving support 26 inner ring is connected and fixed by the upper mounting plate of bolt and sole 6, and the bottom of revolving support 26 outer ring and rotary support 27 is bolted fixing.Angling cylinder 28 two ends respectively with the base plate hinged of sole 6 and rotary support 27.Revolving support 26 and angling cylinder 28 form slew gear, and adopt duplex hydraulic oil cylinder driving, duplex angling cylinder 28 oppositely links, and push-and-pull rotary support about 27 turns round, thus driving mechanical arm group 3 and impact grinding device about 1 turn round.
Described mechanical arm group 3 is made up of three grades of suit telescopic arms 31, hoist cylinder 32, telescopic oil cylinder 33, rotary oil cylinder 34, swing arm 35, swing arm oil cylinders 36.The rear end of three grades of suit telescopic arms 31 is by the upper articulation of bearing pin and rotary support 27, and the flange of front end and rotary oil cylinder 34 is joined with bolts.The front end flange dish of rotary oil cylinder 34 and the rear portion of swing arm 35 are fixed, and front end and the impact grinding device 1 of swing arm 35 are hinged.
The flexible of three grades of suit telescopic arms 31 is driven by built-in flexible oil cylinder 33.Two telescopic oil cylinders 33 adopt end to end the connected mode composition telescopic oil cylinder group of anti-dress, oil pipe serial connection.Telescopic oil cylinder group is cut with scissors by bearing pin with the front end of one-level arm 37 and the rear end of three grades of arms respectively and is filled.Drive the piston rod of telescopic oil cylinder 33 to stretch, drive three grades to be set with telescopic arm 31 and stretch step by step.Drive hoist cylinder 32 piston rod to stretch, then driving mechanical arm group 3 take rear end as rotating shaft, and its front end and rotary oil cylinder 34, swing arm 35 and impact grinding device 1 are raised and reduce.Drive rotary oil cylinder 34 to rotate, then drive swing arm 35 and impact grinding device 1 to rotate.Drive swing arm oil cylinder 36 piston rod to stretch, also drive impact grinding device 1 and quartering hammer 38 drill steel are raised and reduced.Regulate for quartering hammer 38 drill steel height, the adjustment of hoist cylinder 32 can be regarded as significantly height coarse adjustment, and the adjustment of swing arm oil cylinder 36 is then for carry out angular adjustment by a small margin, mainly.
Described impact grinding device 1 is made up of with top compressing cylinder 40 quartering hammer 38 and hammer seat 39.Quartering hammer 38 is flush-mounted in the indent U-rail groove 42 of hammer seat 39 clamping plate by the scroll wheel 41 being fixed on hammer body both sides (also can install scroll wheel 41 inside hammer seat 39 clamping plate, the hammer body arranged outside rail groove 42 of quartering hammer 38, hammer seat 39 is flush-mounted in the outer side track groove 42 of quartering hammer 38 by its scroll wheel 41).The forward bolt piston bar of top compressing cylinder 40 and rear end cylinder barrel are hinged with the end face of flange hammering seat 39 into shape with quartering hammer 38 respectively.Top compressing cylinder 40 forms quartering hammer jack unit, and top compressing cylinder 40 piston rod is stretched out, and forms top pressure to quartering hammer 38, promotes quartering hammer 38 and to roll in runner rails reach.For the custom-designed jack unit of impact grinding device, during quartering hammer 38 can be kept to impact, servo-actuated follow-up all the time holds out against striking point, guarantees that quartering hammer 38 normally plays shake, and solving general quartering hammer can not the problem of normal impact.
As shown in Figure 5, Figure 6, described electrical control system and hydraulic control system comprise instrument board, electrical control manipulation and hydraulic control control system.Switch and handle, the pedal of instrument board, electrical control manipulation and hydraulic control control system are installed in drivers' cab.For meeting operating habit and convenient observing and operation, switch and the handle of instrument board, electrical control manipulation and hydraulic control control system are installed on console, and pedal is then installed on floor.
Instrument board mainly comprises diesel engine tachometer, water-thermometer, fuel gauge and oil pressure gauge.Displaying Meter can adopt measures sensing, pointer or digital display technology.Electrical control operation mainly contains master switch 52, start stop switch 58, light switch 60, early warning switch 62.Diesel engine speed regulation adopts speed adjusting lever.Hydraulic control all adopts guide's hydraulic controlled operation.Electrical control and hydraulic control are handled light, nimble.
Electrical control system is made up of storage battery 51, master switch 52, generator 53, indicator lamp 54, adjuster 55, starter motor 56, relay 57, start stop switch 58, illuminating lamp 59, light switch 60, early-warning lamp 61, early warning switch 62 and tachometer 63, water-thermometer 64, fuel gauge 65, oil pressure gauge 66 and connection line thereof.Configuration storage battery 51 is as complete machine power supply, and the electricity for diesel engine starts, and for throwing light on, early warning circuit powers.Illuminating lamp 59 is for the row's of smashing operating illumination, and early-warning lamp 61 is for the row's of smashing work early warning.
Electrical control operating principle is as follows:
1. close master switch 52, power on circuitry, and export 24V direct current, indicator lamp 54 is lighted, for control circuit is powered ready.
2. twist start stop switch 58, starter motor 56 drives diesel engine starting, drives oil pump 11 to start working.Unclamp start stop switch 58, starter motor 56 quits work.
3. press light switch 60, portable lamp circuit ON is energized, and front and back illuminating lamp 59 is lighted.
4. press early warning switch 62, early-warning lamp 61 is glittering warns.
Described hydraulic control system is by oil pump 11, running motor 12, steering wheel 19, steering cylinder 20, shoveling oil cylinder 24, support oil cylinder 25, angling cylinder 28, hoist cylinder 32, telescopic oil cylinder 33, rotary oil cylinder 34, swing arm oil cylinder 36, quartering hammer 38, top compressing cylinder 40, hydraulic lock 71, 5-linked multi-way control valve 72, pilot control treadle valve 73, overflow valve 74, radiator fan motor 75, guide's cleaner 76, fuel tank 77, air filter 78, integral type liquid level oil thermometer 79, oil return Cleaner 80, oil adsorption filter 81, radiator 82, pressure meter 83, pressure-gradient control valve 84, pilot control handle valve 85, six multi-way control valves 86, choke valve 87, fluid pressure line, the compositions such as joint.
Hydraulic system adopts pilot control, manually with break-make and the commutation of pedal pilot valve manipulation 5-linked multi-way control valve 72 and six multi-way control valves 86, thus maneuvering and control travelled by vehicle, turn to, revolution about revolving dial, the oscilaltion of Dao Pai mechanism, elastic, rotate in a circumferential direction, swing up and down, push up the action such as pressure, impact impact.Hydraulic guide control system, handling facility, can alleviate manual control labour intensity.
Hydraulic oil pump 11 adopts combination triple gear pump, wherein two main pumps are major loop fuel feeding, drive running motor 12, steering cylinder 20, shoveling oil cylinder 24, support oil cylinder 25, angling cylinder 28 and hoist cylinder 32, telescopic oil cylinder 33, rotary oil cylinder 34, swing arm oil cylinder 36, quartering hammer 38, top compressing cylinder 40 respectively, one auxiliary pump is mainly pilot control loop fuel feeding as pioneer pump, and cleaner 76 is installed in pilot control loop.
The loop of running motor 12 adopts interflow fuel feeding, running motor 12 adopts stopping brake working mechanism, namely when foot pedal valve returns intermediateness, running motor 12 inlet high pressure oil is cut-off, equalizing valve gets back to meta under spring force, cut off brake off oil circuit, thus make spool depress brake(-holder) block and friction disc brake running motor 12.
Hydraulic system is provided with safety overflow valve 74 at each point of oil circuit, implements overburden unloading; Multi-way control valve 72 is provided with pressure measurement interface, in order to measure working connection pressure.
The arrangement of hydraulic control master cock, handle, pedal is: vehicle to run drives advance, retrogressing, braking and shoveling 7, supporting leg 8 rise and fall and quartering hammer 38 starts, stop, pushing up pressure adopts pedal control; The left and right revolution of revolving dial 5 and the lifting of mechanical arm group 3, flexible, rotate, swing and adopt manual control switch on console 30 and lever handle control.Three guiding manual control valves control angling cylinder 28, hoist cylinder 32, telescopic oil cylinder 33, rotary oil cylinder 34, swing arm oil cylinder 36 and top compressing cylinder 40 respectively.Two single loop pilot control treadle valves 73 control running motor 12(caterpillar chassis respectively then to be needed to adopt double loop foot valve, control the walking of left and right motor) and quartering hammer 38, double loop pilot control treadle valve 73 control shoveling oil cylinder 24, support oil cylinder 25 respectively.Steering cylinder 20 is controlled by steering wheel 18 steering machine 19.
For guaranteeing that shoveling 7 and supporting leg 8 firm supporting are stablized, strick precaution shoveling oil cylinder 24, support oil cylinder 25 Inner let out fault and cause rollover accident, and to shoveling oil cylinder 24, support oil cylinder 25 must equipped hydraulic lock 71.For ease of regulating and limit the speed of gyration of revolving dial 5, must equipped choke valve 87 to angling cylinder 28.For ease of line arrangement and good looking appearance, fluid pressure line employing support and pipe clamp mount the outside in mechanical arm group 3.
Tunnel descaling machine work is divided into walking operating mode, shoveling operating mode and impact grinding three kinds of operating modes.Its duty and manipulation are described as follows:
1. to walk operating mode: under walking operating mode, shoveling 7 is lifted, and Dao Pai mechanism does not work.Revolving dial 5 returns back to center line, and mechanical arm group 3 is retracted, fall, quartering hammer 38 times hooks, and Dao Pai mechanism is rounding state.Now, machine shape is of a size of minimum, is convenient to walking in tunnel and drives.
2. shoveling operating mode: under shoveling operating mode, Dao Pai mechanism does not work, and maintains walking operating mode rounding state.Shoveling 7 is put down, and complete machine is normally walked driving, and shoveling 7 stone that will be scattered holds together to anterior push shovel collection.
3. impact grinding operating mode: under impact grinding operating mode, tunnel descaling machine runs to prune job face to be stopped.Shoveling 7 is lifted and is supported on clitter front or clitter, three grades of suit telescopic arms 31 stretch out, lift, swing arm 35 is put, mechanical arm extends, raises, launches, and impact grinding device 1 raises up, and broken loose layer aimed at by quartering hammer 38, jack unit compresses, quartering hammer 38 starts, and high-frequency percussion impacts, and the fragmentation of loose layer building stones is come off.Under impact grinding operating mode, can according to circumstances, handle revolving dial 5 and mechanical arm group 3 and impact grinding device 1 carry out left and right revolution, elastic, rotate in a circumferential direction, swing up and down, regulate Dao Pai mechanism quartering hammer 38 to aim at and break loose layer.When mechanical arm group 3 is launched completely, complete machine regulates maximum magnitude: the row's of smashing ultimate range 7 meters, the row's of smashing maximum height 7 meters, Breadth Maximum 5 meters, meets 2.2-5.5m
2get rid of the danger construction requirement in tunnel, cross section.
Claims (5)
1. a tunnel descaling machine, it is characterized in that: this descaling machine integrates impact grinding device (1), vehicle chassis (2), mechanical arm group (3), revolving dial (5) and electrical control system and hydraulic control system (4), electrical control system and hydraulic control system (4) drive that vehicle chassis (2) drives walking and shoveling (7) thereof, supporting leg (8) lifts, falls; Drive revolving dial (5) revolution; Driving machine mechanical arm group (3) lifting, flexible, rotate and swing; Handle the broken loose layer of quartering hammer (38) high-frequency percussion impact;
Described impact grinding device (1) by quartering hammer (38) and hammer seat (39) and push up compressing cylinder (40) form; Quartering hammer (38) is flush-mounted in the rail groove (42) of hammer seat (39) clamping plate by the scroll wheel (41) being fixed on hammer body both sides, top compressing cylinder (40) forward bolt piston bar and rear end cylinder barrel respectively with quartering hammer (38), hammer seat (39) into shape end face of flange hinged, top compressing cylinder (40) piston rod is driven to stretch out, top pressure is formed to quartering hammer (38), promotes quartering hammer (38) and to roll in rail groove (42) reach; Also can install scroll wheel (41), the hammer body arranged outside rail groove (42) of quartering hammer (38) inside hammer seat (39) clamping plate, hammer seat (39) is flush-mounted in the outer side track groove (42) of quartering hammer (38) by its scroll wheel (41).
2. tunnel according to claim 1 descaling machine, is characterized in that: described vehicle chassis (2) is rubber-tyred chassis, also can be caterpillar chassis; Rubber-tyred vehicle chassis (2) adopts that propons hangs, propons turns to, four-wheel drive, oil pressure wheel hub brake structure, be made up of sole (6), dynamical system, running gear, steering, brakes and shoveling (7), supporting leg (8), drivers' cab (9);
Dynamical system adopts diesel engine (10) as power source, also external power supply can be adopted and equipped motor, diesel engine (10) is installed on the rear portion of vehicle chassis (2), oil pump (11) is fixed on diesel engine (10) connecting box, the output shaft of diesel engine (10) is connected with oil pump (11) by shaft coupling, drive oil pump (11) work, implement hydraulic-driven and transmission;
Running gear is made up of running motor (12), transfer case (13), universal drive shaft (14), propons (15), back axle (16), wheel (17); Drive running motor (12), drive wheel (17) walking through transfer case (13), universal drive shaft (14), propons (15), back axle (16);
Steering is made up of steering wheel (18), steering wheel (19), steering cylinder (20) and propons steering linkage (21), and steering wheel (19) controls steering cylinder (20), and the steering linkage (21) promoting propons (15) controls Vehicular turn;
Brakes is hydraulic brake system, the drum brake in-built by brake pedal, master cylinder, brake piping and wheel forms, trample brake pedal and control master cylinder, brake fluid force feed drives the in-built checking cylinder of wheel to make shoe brake compress brake drum braking;
Sole (6) adopts frame-type welded construction, it is anterior that propons (15) hangs on sole (6) by front axle support (22), back axle (16) is fixed by the rear portion of bolt (23) and sole (6), propons (15), is connected through universal drive shaft (14) between back axle (16) with transfer case (13); Sole (6) front end arranges shoveling (7) and lift thereof, rising and falling of shoveling (7) adopts duplex shoveling oil cylinder (24) parallel drive, shoveling oil cylinder (24) is arranged symmetrically with, its piston rod head and cylinder barrel afterbody respectively with shoveling (7) and sole (6) hinged, the piston rod of manipulation shoveling oil cylinder (24) stretches out and retracts, and drives shoveling (7) to fall and lift; The both sides, rear portion of sole (6) arrange supporting leg (8) respectively, and the top of supporting leg (8) and sole (6) are fixed; Support oil cylinder (25) cylinder barrel afterbody and piston rod head respectively with sole (6) and supporting leg (8) hinged, drive support oil cylinder (25) piston rod stretch out and retract, drive supporting leg (8) fall and lift;
Drivers' cab (9) is fixedly installed in the side of revolving dial (5), drivers' cab (9) is with rotary support (27) synchronous revolving of revolving dial (5), drivers' cab (9) adopts steel frame construction, driver's chair (29) is installed at the rear portion of drivers' cab (9), front portion arranges console (30), console (30) is arranged instrument board, electrical control system and hydraulic control system master cock and handle, pedal is installed on drivers' cab (9) floor.
3. tunnel according to claim 1 descaling machine, is characterized in that: described revolving dial (5) is made up of revolving support (26), rotary support (27), angling cylinder (28); Revolving dial (5) is arranged at the middle part of vehicle chassis (2), be fixedly installed on the landing slab of sole (6), revolving support (26) inner ring is connected and fixed by the upper mounting plate of bolt and sole (6), revolving support (26) outer ring and rotary support (27) bottom be bolted fixing, angling cylinder (28) two ends respectively with sole (6), rotary support (27) base plate hinged; Duplex angling cylinder (28) oppositely links, and push-and-pull rotary support (27) turns round, driving mechanical arm group (3) and impact grinding device (1) revolution.
4. tunnel according to claim 1 descaling machine, is characterized in that: described mechanical arm group (3) is made up of three grades of suits telescopic arm (31), hoist cylinder (32), telescopic oil cylinder (33), rotary oil cylinder (34), swing arm (35), swing arm oil cylinders (36); Three grades of suit telescopic arm (31) rear ends are by bearing pin and rotary support (27) upper articulation, front end and rotary oil cylinder (34) flange are joined with bolts, rotary oil cylinder (34) front end flange dish and swing arm (35) rear portion are fixed, swing arm (35) front end and impact grinding device (1) hinged;
The flexible of three grades of suits telescopic arm (31) is driven by built-in flexible oil cylinder (33), two telescopic oil cylinders (33) adopt end to end the connected mode composition telescopic oil cylinder group of anti-dress, oil pipe serial connection, telescopic oil cylinder group is cut with scissors by bearing pin with one-level arm (37) front end and three grades of arm rear ends respectively and is filled, drive telescopic oil cylinder (33) piston rod to stretch, drive three grades to be set with telescopic arm (31) and stretch step by step; Drive hoist cylinder (32) piston rod to stretch, driving mechanical arm group (3) take rear end as rotating shaft, and its front end and rotary oil cylinder (34), swing arm (35) and impact grinding device (1) are raised and reduce; Drive rotary oil cylinder (34) to rotate, drive swing arm (35) and impact grinding device (1) to rotate; Drive swing arm oil cylinder (36) piston rod to stretch, drive impact grinding device (1) and quartering hammer (38) drill steel raise and reduce.
5. tunnel according to claim 1 descaling machine, is characterized in that: described electrical control system and hydraulic control system (4) comprise instrument board, electrical control manipulation and hydraulic control control system; The switch that instrument board, electrical control manipulation and hydraulic control are handled and handle, pedal are installed in drivers' cab (9), and instrument board, electrical control manipulation and hydraulic control master cock and handle are installed on console (30), and pedal is installed on floor;
Described electrical control system is made up of storage battery (51), master switch (52), generator (53), indicator lamp (54), adjuster (55), starter motor (56), relay (57), start stop switch (58), illuminating lamp (59), light switch (60), early-warning lamp (61), early warning switch (62) and tachometer (63), water-thermometer (64), fuel gauge (65), oil pressure gauge (66) and connection line thereof;
Described hydraulic control system is by oil pump (11), running motor (12), steering wheel (19), steering cylinder (20), shoveling oil cylinder (24), support oil cylinder (25), angling cylinder (28), hoist cylinder (32), telescopic oil cylinder (33), rotary oil cylinder (34), swing arm oil cylinder (36), quartering hammer (38), top compressing cylinder (40), hydraulic lock (71), 5-linked multi-way control valve (72), pilot control treadle valve (73), overflow valve (74), radiator fan motor (75), cleaner (76), fuel tank (77), air filter (78), oil thermometer (79), oil return cleaner (80), oil adsorption filter (81), radiator (82), pressure meter (83), pressure-gradient control valve (84), pilot control handle valve (85), six multi-way control valves (86), choke valve (87), fluid pressure line, joint forms,
Hydraulic oil pump (11) adopts combination triple gear pump, wherein two main pumps are major loop fuel feeding, drive running motor (12), steering cylinder (20), shoveling oil cylinder (24), support oil cylinder (25), angling cylinder (28) and hoist cylinder (32), telescopic oil cylinder (33), rotary oil cylinder (34), swing arm oil cylinder (36), quartering hammer (38), top compressing cylinder (40) respectively, one auxiliary pump is mainly pilot control loop fuel feeding as pioneer pump, and cleaner (76) is installed in pilot control loop;
Hydraulic control system is provided with overflow valve (74) at each point of oil circuit, and 5-linked multi-way control valve (72), six multi-way control valves (86) are provided with the pressure measurement interface measuring working connection pressure;
Vehicle to run drive advance, retreat, braking and shoveling, supporting leg (8) rise and fall and the startup of quartering hammer (38), stopping, top pressure adopt pedal control; The revolution of revolving dial (5) and the lifting of mechanical arm group (3), flexible, rotate, swing and adopt the manual control switch on console (30) and lever handle to control;
Shoveling oil cylinder (24), support oil cylinder (25) are equipped with hydraulic lock (71); Angling cylinder (28) is equipped with choke valve (87);
Fluid pressure line adopts support and pipe clamp to mount in mechanical arm group (3) outside.
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