CN104172200A - Method for increasing content of soluble dietary fibers in apple pomace - Google Patents
Method for increasing content of soluble dietary fibers in apple pomace Download PDFInfo
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- 235000013325 dietary fiber Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 115
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 54
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013517 stratification Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 abstract description 6
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000001814 pectin Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 235000010987 pectin Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229920001277 pectin Polymers 0.000 abstract description 5
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010525 oxidative degradation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 abstract description 2
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002715 modification method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000010980 cellulose Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 229960002163 hydrogen peroxide Drugs 0.000 description 31
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 18
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000012869 ethanol precipitation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000000643 oven drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000000170 cell membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N cholesterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 2
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011953 bioanalysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007385 chemical modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000005911 diet Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000037213 diet Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009144 enzymatic modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002372 labelling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035790 physiological processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000008442 polyphenolic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000013824 polyphenols Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/20—Reducing nutritive value; Dietetic products with reduced nutritive value
- A23L33/21—Addition of substantially indigestible substances, e.g. dietary fibres
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for increasing the content of soluble dietary fibers in apple pomace. The method utilizes the oxidative degradation of hydrogen peroxide in an alkaline condition. The apple pomace to be treated and an alkaline hydrogen peroxide solution with a certain concentration are mixed, the hydrogen peroxide destroys the crosslinking structure of polysaccharides of the cell walls of the apple pomace in the alkaline condition so as to promote the soluble dietary fibers such as pectin and soluble hemicelluloses in the cell walls to be dissolved out, and glucosidic bonds of insoluble macromolecular polymers such as celluloses and insoluble hemicelluloses are broken to generate modification so as to be converted into the soluble dietary fibers. Thus, the content of the soluble dietary fibers of the apple pomace is increased from the original 3.30 percent to 31.51 percent and significantly higher than the content of the soluble dietary fibers of the apple pomace which is treated by using an enzyme treatment method or a general physical modification method at present. The method has the advantages of low cost and simple process, and the content of the soluble dietary fibers is significantly increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to biological technical field, relate in particular to a kind of method that improves soluble dietary fibre content in pomace.
Background technology
Pomace is AJC processing byproduct, and China's annual production is very huge, can reach 3,000,000 tons/year.Most domestic AJC enterprise does not all directly utilize pomace at present, and using it as feed, fertilizer is sold or as garbage disposal, surcharge is extremely low, and easily causes environmental pollution, so the comprehensive utilization of pomace has become a problem demanding prompt solution.In pomace, be rich in various plants nutritional labeling, as pectin, polyphenol, dietary fiber etc., dietary fiber especially, content can reach the more than 60% of dry, is a kind of good dietary fiber source.
Dietary fiber is the seventh-largest nutrients of the mankind, by its dissolubility, can be divided into soluble dietary fiber (soluble dietary fibre, SDF) and insoluble dietary fiber (insoluble dietary fibre, IDF).Research discovery, the content of SDF is a key factor that affects physiological function of diet fiber.Compare with IDF, SDF, more easily by gut flora fermentating metabolism, reduces blood glucose response and plasma cholesterol.The propositions such as U.S. Leitz, SDF accounts for TDF10% just can be called high-quality dietary fiber above.Also have scholar to think, its SDF/IDF ratio of dietary fiber that is suitable as food composition should approach 1: 2.Yet SDF content does not far reach this ratio in pomace, therefore the content by SDF in specific treatment technology means increase pomace has very important theory significance and economic worth.
At present, the method for modifying of dietary fiber mainly contains Physical, chemical method and bioanalysis.Forefathers are by methods such as extrusion technique, superhigh pressure technique, superfine communication technique, soda acid processing, enzymolysis, fermentations, make the glycosidic bond fracture of the indissoluble macromolecule polyalcohols such as cellulose, hemicellulose, change into the small molecular sugar class of Yi Rong, improved the content of SDF.Yet, in current these method of modifying, also there are several relatively distinct issues, physical modification often needs to purchase special instrument and equipment, and chemical modification effect is poor and exist reagent residual, enzyme modification high cost.Therefore still need to set up new method of modifying.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of method that improves soluble dietary fibre content in pomace, utilize hydrogen peroxide to there is oxidative degradation under alkali condition, pending pomace is mixed with certain density alkaline hydrogen peroxide solution, make hydrogen peroxide under alkali condition, destroy the cross-linked structure of pomace cell wall polysaccharides, promote pectin in cell membrane, the soluble dietary fiber strippings such as solubility hemicellulose, and make cellulose, the glycosidic bond fracture of the indissoluble macromolecule polyalcohols such as insolubility hemicellulose, thereby there is modification and be converted into soluble dietary fiber, greatly increase the content of soluble dietary fiber in pomace.
Another object of the present invention is, hydrogen peroxide has discoloration under alkali condition, and alkaline hydrogen peroxide can be bleached the chromophore being combined on pomace dietary fibers, thereby improve, contains the organoleptic quality of enriching dietary fiber pomace.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
Improve a method for soluble dietary fibre content in pomace, wherein,
The alkaline hydrogen peroxide solution that is 1-2% with concentration by pending pomace mixes and heats according to mass ratio 1: 18-22, make soluble dietary fiber stripping and insoluble dietary fiber generation modification obtain pretreatment pomace, heating-up temperature 60-70 ℃ wherein, heat time 1.5-2h;
In addition, further comprising the steps of:
Step 1, with HCl solution, regulate the pH value of gained pretreatment pomace to 6-7, and mixes stratification afterwards with a certain amount of ethanol;
Step 2, taking precipitate dry, pulverize, and have both obtained the modification pomace that soluble dietary fibre content improves.
Preferably, in described raising pomace, in the method for soluble dietary fibre content, the pH value of described alkaline hydrogen peroxide is 10-12.
Preferably, in described raising pomace, in the method for soluble dietary fibre content, the volume ratio of the pomace of pretreatment described in step 1 and ethanol is 1: 3-4.
Preferably, in described raising pomace, in the method for soluble dietary fibre content, ethanol used is 90-100% ethanol.
Preferably, in described raising pomace, in the method for soluble dietary fibre content, the mixed processing time of described pretreatment pomace and ethanol is 1.5-2h.
Preferably, in described raising pomace, in the method for soluble dietary fibre content, in step 2, baking temperature is 60-70 ℃, is dried to pomace moisture not higher than 6%
Preferably, in described raising pomace, in the method for soluble dietary fibre content, in step 2, dried precipitated powder is broken to below 0.45mm, and crosses at least 40 mesh sieves.
Preferably, in described raising pomace, in the method for soluble dietary fibre content, the concentration of described alkaline hydrogen peroxide is that 1.67%, pH value is 11, and described pending pomace and alkaline hydrogen peroxide mixture heating-up temperature are 70 ℃, heat time 2h.
Preferably, in described raising pomace, in the method for soluble dietary fibre content, ethanol used is 95% ethanol, and the mixed processing time of pretreatment pomace and ethanol is 2h, and the volume ratio of pretreatment pomace and ethanol is 1: 4.
The present invention has following beneficial effect: utilize hydrogen peroxide to have oxidative degradation under alkali condition, pending pomace is mixed with certain density alkaline hydrogen peroxide solution, make hydrogen peroxide under alkali condition, destroy the cross-linked structure of pomace cell wall polysaccharides, promote pectin in cell membrane, the soluble dietary fiber strippings such as solubility hemicellulose, and make cellulose, the glycosidic bond fracture of the indissoluble macromolecule polyalcohols such as insolubility hemicellulose, thereby there is modification and be converted into soluble dietary fiber, greatly increase the content of soluble dietary fiber in pomace.Through overtesting, detect, utilize the method for the invention to process after pomace, in pomace, soluble dietary fibre content is 31.51%, the yield of soluble dietary fiber is 22.28%, and soluble dietary fibre content is only 3.30% in undressed pomace, the yield of soluble dietary fiber is lower than 3%, and visible the method for the invention can make soluble dietary fibre content in pomace be greatly enhanced.Not only cost is high to adopt at present enzyme process or general physical modification method to process pomace, and equipment is complicated, and in the pomace after processing soluble dietary fibre content often not higher than 20%, the effect reaching well below the method for the invention.
In addition, because hydrogen peroxide has discoloration under alkali condition, can bleach the chromophore being combined on pomace dietary fibers, thereby improve, contain the organoleptic quality of enriching dietary fiber pomace.Meanwhile, hydrogen peroxide is a kind of oxidant of clean and effective, can be decomposed into oxygen G&W, noresidue.It is low that the present invention has cost, and technique is simple, without advantages such as special installation and noresidues, and is widely used in the comprehensive utilization of garden stuff processing accessory substance.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the method process chart of soluble dietary fibre content in raising pomace of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is that in the present invention, pH value affects schematic diagram to modification pomace dry yield;
Fig. 3 is the affect schematic diagram of pH value on soluble dietary fibre content in modification pomace and soluble dietary fiber yield in the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the affect schematic diagram of hydrogenperoxide steam generator concentration on modification pomace dry yield in the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the affect schematic diagram of hydrogenperoxide steam generator concentration on soluble dietary fibre content in modification pomace and soluble dietary fiber yield in the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the affect schematic diagram for the treatment of temperature on modification pomace dry yield in the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the affect schematic diagram for the treatment of temperature on soluble dietary fibre content in modification pomace and soluble dietary fiber yield in the present invention;
Fig. 8 be in the present invention the processing time modification pomace dry yield is affected to schematic diagram;
Fig. 9 is the affect schematic diagram of processing time on soluble dietary fibre content in modification pomace and soluble dietary fiber yield in the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, 1-9 elaborates to the present invention, after making those of ordinary skills consult this description, can implement according to this.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of method that improves soluble dietary fibre content in pomace, wherein,
The alkaline hydrogen peroxide solution that is 1-2% with concentration by pending pomace mixes and heats according to mass ratio 1: 18-22, make soluble dietary fiber stripping and insoluble dietary fiber generation modification obtain pretreatment pomace, wherein, through verification experimental verification, heating-up temperature 60-70 ℃, optimum is 70 ℃, heat time 1.5-2h, and optimum is 2h.Make the principle that in pomace, Soluble Fiber cellulose content improves be: hydrogen peroxide destroys the cross-linked structure of pomace cell wall polysaccharides under alkali condition, promote in cell membrane the soluble dietary fiber strippings such as pectin, solubility hemicellulose, and the glycosidic bond of the indissoluble macromolecule polyalcohols such as cellulose, insolubility hemicellulose is ruptured, thereby there is modification, be converted into soluble dietary fiber, greatly increase the content of soluble dietary fiber in pomace.
In addition, further comprising the steps of:
Step 1, with HCl solution, regulate the pH value of gained pretreatment pomace to 6-7, and mixes stratification afterwards with a certain amount of ethanol;
Step 2, by filtration, remove supernatant, taking precipitate is pulverized with the drying box machine that dry, pulverize, both the modification pomace that improves of soluble dietary fibre content.
In described raising pomace in the method for soluble dietary fibre content, the pH value of described alkaline hydrogen peroxide is 10-12, can first configure the hydrogenperoxide steam generator of 1-2% concentration, then with sodium hydroxide solution, regulate pH value to 10-12, both must be applicable to alkaline hydrogen peroxide solution of the present invention.The concentration of described alkaline hydrogen peroxide is that 1.67%, pH value is 11, and described pending pomace and alkaline hydrogen peroxide mixture heating-up temperature are 70 ℃, and during heat time 2h, effect is optimum.
In described raising pomace in the method for soluble dietary fibre content, the volume ratio of the pomace of pretreatment described in step 1 and ethanol is 1: 3-4, preferred volume ratio is 1: 4, ethanol used is 90-100% ethanol, preferred 95% ethanol, the mixed processing time of described pretreatment pomace and ethanol is 1.5-2h, preferably 2h.
In described raising pomace, in the method for soluble dietary fibre content, in step 2, baking temperature is 60-70 ℃, preferably 60 ℃, and generally at least 8 hours drying time, make pomace fully dry, be generally dried to pomace moisture not higher than 6%.
In described raising pomace, in the method for soluble dietary fibre content, in step 2, dried precipitated powder is broken to below 0.45mm, and crosses at least 40 mesh sieves.
The present invention determines the impact of differential responses condition on pomace dry yield, soluble dietary fibre content and soluble dietary fiber yield by following test.
(1) impact of pH value on modification pomace dry yield, soluble dietary fibre content and soluble dietary fiber yield, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3.
Compound concentration is 1.67% hydrogenperoxide steam generator, with sodium hydroxide solution, its pH value is adjusted to respectively to 10,10.5,11,11.5,12,12.5.Take a certain amount of pomace, according to 1: 20 mass ratio, add respectively the alkaline hydrogen peroxide solution of each different pH values, and carry out respectively following processing: 60 ℃ of heating water bath 1.5h, take out and be cooled to room temperature, with HCl solution, regulate pH value to 6-7.With 4 times of volumes, 95% ethanol precipitation 2h.Filter, gained filter residue is in 60 ℃ of oven dryings.Pulverize, make modification pomace.
After measured, under alkali condition, along with the rising of hydrogenperoxide steam generator pH value, modification pomace dry yield declines gradually.When pH value is 10-11.5, pomace dry yield declines slower, and when pH value is greater than 11.5, dry yield declines very fast.When pH value is 10-11, soluble dietary fibre content, soluble dietary fiber yield increase very fast, when pH value is greater than 11, soluble dietary fibre content increase is slower, soluble dietary fiber yield tends towards stability, and therefore, selecting pH value is 11 as optimum pH.
(2) impact of hydrogenperoxide steam generator concentration on modification pomace dry yield, soluble dietary fibre content and soluble dietary fiber yield, as shown in Figure 4, Figure 5.
Compound concentration is 0.33%, 1%, 1.67%, 2.33%, 3% and 3.67% hydrogenperoxide steam generator respectively, and with NaOH, pH is adjusted to 11 respectively.Take a certain amount of pomace, according to 1: 20 mass ratio, add respectively alkaline hydrogen peroxide solution, and respectively according to method processing once: 60 ℃ of heating water bath 1.5h, take out and be cooled to room temperature, with HCl solution, regulate pH value to 6-7.With 4 times of volumes, 95% ethanol precipitation 2h.Filter, gained filter residue, in 60 ℃ of oven dryings, is pulverized, and makes modification pomace.
After measured, when hydrogenperoxide steam generator concentration is during at 0.33-3%, along with the increase of hydrogenperoxide steam generator concentration, dry yield is comparatively mild, after concentration is 3%, has downward trend.Soluble dietary fibre content, soluble dietary fiber yield increase along with the increase of hydrogenperoxide steam generator concentration.When hydrogenperoxide steam generator concentration is during at 0.33-1.67%, both increase comparatively fast, and when hydrogenperoxide steam generator concentration is higher than 1.67% time, both increases are slower, therefore, select 1.67% as optium concentration.
(3) impact for the treatment of temperature on modification pomace dry yield, soluble dietary fibre content and soluble dietary fiber yield, as shown in Figure 6, Figure 7.
Compound concentration is 1.67% hydrogenperoxide steam generator, with sodium hydroxide solution, pH value is adjusted to 11.Take a certain amount of pomace, according to 1: 20 mass ratio, add alkaline hydrogen peroxide solution, respectively at 30 ℃, 40 ℃, 50 ℃, 60 ℃, 70 ℃, 80 ℃ heating water bath 1.5h, taking-up is cooled to room temperature, respectively according to method processing once: regulate pH value to 6-7 with HCl solution, with 4 times of volumes, 95% ethanol precipitation 2h.Filter, filter residue, in 60 ℃ of oven dryings, is pulverized, and makes modification pomace.
After measured, along with the rising for the treatment of temperature, pomace dry yield declines gradually, and when treatment temperature is during higher than 70 ℃, dry yield declines very fast.Along with the rising for the treatment of temperature, soluble dietary fibre content rises gradually, when treatment temperature is elevated to 70 ℃, tends towards stability.Soluble dietary fiber yield, along with the rising of temperature raises gradually, reaches the highest at 70 ℃, has subsequently downward trend, therefore, selects 70 ℃ as optimum treatmenting temperature.
(4) impact of processing time on modification pomace dry yield, soluble dietary fibre content and soluble dietary fiber yield, as shown in Figure 8, Figure 9.
Compound concentration is 1.67% hydrogenperoxide steam generator, with sodium hydroxide solution, pH value is adjusted to 11, take a certain amount of pomace, according to 1: 20 mass ratio, add alkaline hydrogen peroxide solution, respectively at 70 ℃ of heating water bath 0.5h, 1h, 1.5h, 2h, 3h, 4h, and respectively according to method processing once: take out and be cooled to room temperature, regulate pH to 6-7 with HCl solution, with 4 times of volumes, 95% ethanol precipitation 2h.Filter, filter residue, in 60 ℃ of oven dryings, is pulverized, and makes modification pomace.
After measured, prolongation along with the processing time, pomace dry yield declines gradually, when the processing time is less than 1h, soluble dietary fibre content and soluble dietary fiber yield almost do not change, when the processing time is 1h-2h, soluble dietary fibre content increases very fast, owing to declining in this one-phase dry yield, so the increase of soluble dietary fiber yield is slower, is greater than 2h when the processing time, soluble dietary fibre content and soluble dietary fiber yield decline gradually, therefore, using 2h as the optimization process time.
The assay method of described pomace dry yield, soluble dietary fibre content and soluble dietary fiber yield is as follows:
(1) assay method of pomace dry yield:
Precision takes 2g pomace sample, adds 40mL alkaline hydrogen peroxide solution.According to processing method of the present invention, make modification pomace, after record is dry, the quality of residue, calculates pomace dry yield, wherein W by dry yield computing formula
1for sample quality; W
2for residue quality, described dry yield computing formula is:
(2) assay method of soluble dietary fibre content:
Adopt the improved non-enzymatic gravimetric method of AOAC.993.21 to measure, precision takes each 0.5g of three duplicate samples in 50mL centrifuge tube, adds 20mL distilled water, in 60 ℃ of water-bath vibration heating 2h.After cooling, the centrifugal 15min of 8000r/min, pours supernatant in 100mL triangular flask into, adds 4 times of volumes, 95% ethanol precipitation 2h.The pickling diatomite that adds about 0.5g in G2 core crucible, 105 ℃ are dried to constant weight.Alcohol-insoluble substance is all transferred to and is filled in diatomaceous crucible, suction filtration.With 15mL78% ethanol, 95% ethanol, acetone, respectively wash residue twice respectively again.105 ℃ of oven dry.Get a sample determination albumen, get another duplicate samples and measure ash content.Protein determination adopts GB 5009.5-2010 method to detect, and ash content adopts GB-5009.4-2010 method to detect.By soluble dietary fibre content computing formula, calculate, wherein R
1, R
2, R
3be respectively three duplicate samples residue quality (mg); S
1, S
2, S
3be respectively three duplicate samples quality (mg); P is protein quality in residue (mg); A is ash content quality (mg) in residue.Described soluble dietary fibre content computing formula is:
Soluble dietary fiber yield is to evaluate the index of modification efficiency, and it is used for pomace dry yield and soluble dietary fibre content after overall merit modification.
Embodiment 1
The preparation of step 1, alkaline hydrogen peroxide, the hydrogenperoxide steam generator that compound concentration is 1.67%, with sodium hydroxide solution, regulating pH value is 11, both alkaline hydrogen peroxide solution required for the present invention.
Step 2, carry out 70 ℃ of heating water baths after pending pomace is mixed according to mass ratio with alkaline hydrogen peroxide solution at 1: 20, heat time 2h, obtains modification pomace.
Step 3, modification pomace is cooled to room temperature, regulates its pH value to 6-7, and mix with 95% ethanol of 4 times of volumes with HCl solution, standing 2h produces precipitation layering.
Step 4, process are filtered and are removed supernatant, gained sediment is pulverized through pulverizer after dry certain hour in 60 ℃ of baking ovens, make the pomace that soluble dietary fibre content improves, through test determination, gained modification pomace dry yield is 70.69%, in modification pomace, soluble dietary fibre content can reach 31.51%, and the yield of soluble dietary fiber is 22.28%.
Although embodiment of the present invention are open as above, but it is not restricted to listed utilization in description and embodiment, it can be applied to various applicable the field of the invention completely, for those skilled in the art, can easily realize other modification, therefore do not deviating under the universal that claim and equivalency range limit, the present invention is not limited to specific details and illustrates here and the legend of describing.
Claims (9)
1. a method that improves soluble dietary fibre content in pomace, is characterized in that,
The alkaline hydrogen peroxide solution that is 1-2% with concentration by pending pomace mixes and heats according to mass ratio 1: 18-22, make soluble dietary fiber stripping and insoluble dietary fiber generation modification obtain pretreatment pomace, heating-up temperature 60-70 ℃ wherein, heat time 1.5-2h;
In addition, further comprising the steps of:
Step 1, with HCl solution, regulate the pH value of gained pretreatment pomace to 6-7, and mixes stratification afterwards with a certain amount of ethanol;
Step 2, taking precipitate dry, pulverize, and obtain the modification pomace that soluble dietary fibre content improves.
2. the method for soluble dietary fibre content in raising pomace as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the pH value of described alkaline hydrogen peroxide is 10-12.
3. the method for soluble dietary fibre content in raising pomace as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, the volume ratio of the pomace of pretreatment described in step 1 and ethanol is 1: 3-4.
4. the method for soluble dietary fibre content in raising pomace as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, ethanol used is 90-100% ethanol.
5. the method for soluble dietary fibre content in raising pomace as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, the mixed processing time of described pretreatment pomace and ethanol is 1.5-2h.
6. the method for soluble dietary fibre content in raising pomace as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, in step 2, baking temperature is 60-70 ℃, is dried to pomace moisture not higher than 6%.
7. the method for soluble dietary fibre content in raising pomace as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that, in step 2, dried precipitated powder is broken to below 0.45mm, and crosses at least 40 mesh sieves.
8. the method for soluble dietary fibre content in raising pomace as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the concentration of described alkaline hydrogen peroxide is that 1.67%, pH value is 11, described pending pomace and alkaline hydrogen peroxide mixture heating-up temperature are 70 ℃, and the heat time is 2h.
9. the method for soluble dietary fibre content in raising pomace as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that, ethanol used is 95% ethanol, and the mixed processing time of pretreatment pomace and ethanol is 2h, and the volume ratio of pretreatment pomace and ethanol is 1: 4.
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| CN105795355A (en) * | 2016-04-07 | 2016-07-27 | 上海交通大学 | Method for increasing content of soluble dietary fiber in black bean peel |
| CN107212424A (en) * | 2016-05-03 | 2017-09-29 | 上海交通大学 | A kind of extracting method of water-soluble barley diet fiber |
| CN106418322A (en) * | 2016-09-22 | 2017-02-22 | 河南科技学院 | Method for increasing content of soluble dietary fibers in apple pomace |
| CN106418322B (en) * | 2016-09-22 | 2019-07-12 | 河南科技学院 | A kind of method of soluble dietary fibre content in raising apple pomace |
| CN109793243A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2019-05-24 | 镇江市丹徒区南山溪园茶叶专业合作社 | A kind of processing method that microwave assisting method extracts apple skin soluble dietary fiber |
| CN110477403A (en) * | 2019-08-22 | 2019-11-22 | 华南理工大学 | A method of citrus fruit fibres are prepared using citrus peels |
| CN111748047A (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2020-10-09 | 河南科技大学 | Preparation method of dioscorea opposita oligosaccharide |
| CN111838682A (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2020-10-30 | 河南科技大学 | Preparation method of soluble mung bean hull dietary fiber |
| CN111748047B (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2022-03-29 | 河南科技大学 | Preparation method of dioscorea opposita oligosaccharide |
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