A kind of RTC clock power circuit of Digital wireless terminal
Technical field
The present invention relates to specialty wireless communication field, particularly relate to the RTC clock electricity of a kind of Digital wireless terminal
Source circuit.
Background technology
Along with the digitized transition of specialty Wireless Telecom Equipment, substantial amounts of DCTE is commercially
Occur.But dragons and fishes jumbled together for various terminal units, and spread in performance is uneven, especially some details function are done not
People's will to the greatest extent.
Novel pro digital radio communication terminal uses embedded OS platform mostly, uses big
Type high speed polycaryon processor, configures colorful display screen, so being substantially all support RTC (real-time clock) merit
Energy.Especially for hand-held terminal device, the real-time time of display interface is had higher requirement, including time
Clock precision, the RTC clock after main battery power-off is held time.
The flush bonding processor that terminal unit uses typically has built-in independent RTC block, it is provided that independent
Backup battery interface.In circuit design, the button cell of general employing low capacity is to the power supply of RTC block
End power supply, to maintain RTC clock properly functioning and to keep some other to help the important number that processor starts
According to.
Circuit design requirements can provide to RTC block in the case of the main power source normal presence of terminal unit
Stable running voltage causes the device to normally start, and to supplement energy to reserce cell simultaneously, also will be at main electricity
In the case of source disconnects, it is possible to rely solely on reserce cell electric discharge, maintain RTC block the most for a long time
Work.
In the circuit design of terminal unit, the backup battery circuit design easily quilt of real-time clock (RTC)
Ignoring, general simple method for designing is small-sized button cell both positive and negative polarity to be directly articulated in the RTC of processor
Between power interface and ground, or it is the simplest to connect circuit.The RTC clock circuit design simplified can be given
Problem hidden danger served by the quality band of terminal.
Flush bonding processor is internal typically an independent RTC block circuit, independent backup battery port,
Independent reference clock, is not affected by processor reset.RTC block circuit has certain wanting to backup battery
Ask, when overtension or too low all possibilities affect RTC internal operation clock.The backup battery of RTC block
The startup data backup main memory circuit of processor to be given provides power supply, terminal unit start, shutdown, charged
Pond, has bigger ripple without the load current of the power port of RTC block under the conditions of the different loads such as battery
Dynamic, without controlling voltage adaptation scope well, it is easy to cause terminal unit to lose under some extreme condition
Effect, causes read clock abnormal, even results in terminal unit and start unsuccessfully.
Owing to the inner space of hand-held terminal device is typically waited compact, component encapsulation size is had strictly
Limit, mostly select small-sized button cell as the reserce cell of RTC block.Backup to this low capacity
Battery, incorrect or irrational charge and discharge circuit design, the using effect of battery can be had a strong impact on, contracting
Short battery discharge time, causes equipment to shut down for a long time the when of placing or change battery and is easily lost reality
Time clock data, or cause show the low error of timekeeping performance big.Also can shorten the service life of reserce cell,
Cause reserce cell rapid failure, finally make terminal unit that orthochronous cannot be kept completely to show, close every time
Machine or every time replacing main battery time make zero immediately.Under extreme case, during terminal unit start, if standby
Part supply voltage may cause the serious consequence that processor cannot start extremely.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the RTC clock power circuit of a kind of Digital wireless terminal, extend backup
The discharge time of battery, extend the service life of reserce cell, improve system's real-time clock RTC circuit respectively
Plant the reliability under Power Supplies Condition.
It is an object of the invention to be achieved through the following technical solutions.
A kind of RTC clock power circuit of Digital wireless terminal, including: main power source, reserce cell, main electricity
Resource loop, reserce cell charge circuit, reserce cell discharge loop and isolation circuit;
The outfan of described main power source is connected to isolate the input of circuit through main power circuit, the most successively
It is connected to isolate the input of circuit through reserce cell charge circuit, reserce cell, reserce cell discharge loop
End;The outfan of described isolation circuit is connected to the power pins of RTC block;
Described main power circuit, for carrying out decompression transformation to the output voltage of main power source, it is provided that a road is stable
Voltage through isolation circuit power to RTC block;
Described reserce cell charge circuit, for carrying out decompression transformation to the output voltage of main power source, it is provided that one
The stable voltage in road, to reserce cell electric energy supplement, makes reserce cell consistently remain close to full voltage state;Also
For when main power source disconnects to reserce cell reverse isolation;
Described reserce cell discharge loop, after carrying out current limliting and blood pressure lowering to the output of reserce cell, it is provided that
One road voltage is powered to RTC block through isolation circuit;
Described isolation circuit, is used for when described main power circuit has voltage output and reserce cell fully charged,
Cut off reserce cell discharge loop, turn on main power circuit, main power source be that RTC block is powered;Described
When main power circuit does not export, controlling by reserce cell discharge loop is that RTC block is powered, and isolates simultaneously
Cut off the reserce cell reverse leakage current to main power circuit.
Preferably, described main power source includes: main battery and first order power supply LDO;
One end of described first order power supply LDO connects and is connected with main battery, and the other end returns with main power source simultaneously
Road and reserce cell charge circuit connect;
Described first order power supply LDO, for reducing to rated voltage 7.5V of main battery after 3.6V as main
The output voltage of power supply.
Preferably, described main power circuit includes second level power supply LDO, and its input connects described main power source
Outfan, outfan connect the input of isolation circuit, for being dropped by 3.6V by the output voltage of main power source
For supplying RTC block through isolation circuit after 1.2V.
Preferably, described reserce cell charge circuit includes the first isolating diode and the charging current limiter electricity of series connection
Resistance, the described positive pole of the first isolating diode is connected with the outfan of main power source, while charging current limiter resistance with
Reserce cell connects.
The most described first isolating diode is specially Schottky tube.
Preferably, described reserce cell discharge loop includes: electric discharge current limliting dropping resistor, its two ends respectively with
Reserce cell and isolation circuit connect.
Preferably, described isolation circuit includes: the second isolating diode and the 3rd isolating diode;
The described positive pole of the second isolating diode is connected with the outfan of main power circuit, negative pole and RTC block
Power pins connect, the positive pole of described 3rd isolating diode is connected with reserce cell discharge loop, negative pole
It is connected with the power pins of RTC block.
Preferably, described isolation circuit includes: the second isolating diode, N-channel type MOSFET and
Three resistance;
The positive pole of described second isolating diode is connected with reserce cell discharge loop, negative pole and RTC block
Power pins connects;The source electrode of described N-channel type MOSFET is connected with main power circuit, drains and RTC
One end of power pins connection, grid and the 3rd resistance of module connects;The other end of described 3rd resistance with
The outfan of main power source connects.
The present invention compared with prior art, has the beneficial effects that:
The present invention simply uniqueness, low cost, easily implement, the reserce cell that terminal unit is built-in can be extended
Service life, improve system's real-time clock RTC circuit reliability under various Power Supplies Condition.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the RTC clock power circuit principle figure of the present invention;
The RTC clock power circuit diagram that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present invention one;
The RTC clock power circuit diagram that Fig. 3 provides for the embodiment of the present invention two.
Detailed description of the invention
Core concept of the present invention: to the backup battery circuit of one outside of RTC block design in terminal unit,
According to the requirement to power supply of the RTC block circuit hardware, select reasonable circuit form and circuit parameter, control electricity
Pressure excursion, controls the distribution switching of main power source and backup battery, controls rational charge discharge electric current,
Keep the optimum Working of reserce cell, extend the discharge time of reserce cell, extend making of reserce cell
With the life-span, the real-time time display function making terminal unit is more reliable and more stable.
Refer to Fig. 1, as a example by the terminal unit of a kind of OMAP processor using TI, in processor
Embedding real-time clock (RTC) circuit module, RTC block externally provides an independent power pins, is used for
The access of backup battery.The voltage of the power end nominal of RTC block is 1.2V, RTC circuit real work
The voltage change range allowed is at 0.5V-1.3V.If voltage exceeds 1.3V, RTC clock will quit work;
Brownout, the error of RTC clock will strengthen, affect timekeeping performance.
In case, hand-held terminal device main power source uses the Large Copacity rechargeable battery of thousand MAH ranks, is referred to as
Main power source.Reserce cell uses button cell, and capacity is about in 0.1mAh to 1.0mAh scope.
In scheme, the main battery of terminal unit directly provides main power voltage, is not controlled by the on and off switch of equipment,
As long as installing terminal equipment main battery, even if equipment shutdown, the output of main power circuit still can be kept,
Maintenance RTC block works alone.When terminal unit does not installs main battery, also require that and can maintain RTC block
Work alone.
Circuit block diagram in solid box in Fig. 1, circuit is divided into two big current paths:
Path (one): main power circuit, main battery voltage is through decompression transformation, it is provided that the electricity that a road is stable
Pressure supplies directly to RTC block through isolation circuit.
Path (two): reserce cell loop, including the charging and discharging of reserce cell, through current-limiting resistance
Power to RTC block with isolation circuit.
Wherein path (two) reserce cell loop is divided into again before and after charge circuit and discharge loop two sections:
A. first half section is charge circuit, and main battery voltage is through decompression transformation, it is provided that a road burning voltage continues
Reserce cell electric energy supplement is given on ground lentamente, makes reserce cell consistently remain close to full voltage state;This time
Charging current to be made is controlled on road, reserce cell reverse leakage when main power source to be avoided disconnects.
B. the second half section is discharge loop, after reserce cell electric discharge is by current-limiting resistance and blood pressure lowering, to RTC mould
Block circuit is powered.This loop discharge current to be controlled, controls rational pressure drop, and want can be to main electricity simultaneously
Source carries out isolating and switching.
The voltage that the output voltage in path (two) directly exports with main power source in above-mentioned path (), simultaneously
Through isolation circuit switching, a wherein road is selected to power to RTC block.
Main power circuit and reserce cell loop are separate two current paths.
When installing terminal equipment, main battery i.e. main power circuit has output and the fully charged situation of reserce cell
Under, by isolating the selection of circuit, reserce cell discharge loop to be cut off, preferentially use main power circuit,
Powered to RTC block by main battery.
When terminal unit is fitted without main battery i.e. main power source does not export, give reserce cell discharge loop
RTC block is powered.To isolate the cut-out reserce cell reverse leakage current to main power circuit simultaneously.
Main battery to control by adjusting current-limiting resistance parameter according to battery capacity to reserce cell charging current
About 5uA.
Reserce cell discharge current to control at 5uA left according to battery capacity by adjusting current-limiting resistance parameter
Right.
Terminal unit shuts down or is fitted without under the state that main battery does not i.e. have main power source, during reserce cell electric discharge
Between require reach more than 24 hours.
Time showing part is to aid in illustrating a kind of application form, unrelated with this method principle, after not
Describe in detail again.
In order to make the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and reality
Execute example, the present invention is further elaborated.Only should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein
Only in order to explain the present invention, it is not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment one
Detailed circuit such as Fig. 2, wherein, U3 is the flush bonding processor of terminal unit, built-in RTC block
Unit, has independent power interface.X1 is the independent clock of RTC block, generally 32.768KHz.Main
Power supply includes main battery BATT and first order power supply LDO (U1).
U1 is first order voltage-releasing voltage stabilizer, low voltage difference power conversion chip LDO, the specified electricity of main battery
Pressure 7.5V reduces to 3.6V, and as the output voltage of main power source, 1.2V electricity is reduced on a road again to rear class LDO
After pressure, directly feed RTC block;Another road is for charging to reserce cell simultaneously.
U2 is second level voltage-releasing voltage stabilizer, low voltage difference power conversion chip LDO, the 3.6V of main power source output
Reduce to 1.2V again, supply RTC block, it is ensured that the maximum voltage of RTC vdd terminal is less than 1.3V.
D1 is isolating diode, uses the Schottky tube (Shottky barrier diode) that junction voltage is relatively low,
Forward pressure reduction is less, is about 0.1-0.2V according to electric current difference.Reverse for reserce cell charge circuit
Isolation, when terminal be fitted without battery i.e. there is no main power source time, can isolate reserce cell BT1 electric discharge electricity
Stream returns to U1 and U2, it is to avoid produce current leakage.
R1 is the charging current limiter resistance of reserce cell BT1, chooses suitable state modulator charging current and exists
1uA-10uA scope.
R2 is the electric discharge current limliting dropping resistor of reserce cell BT1, chooses suitable state modulator discharge current
In 1uA-10uA scope, control maximum voltage simultaneously and reduce to 1.8V, make the maximum voltage of D2 positive terminal about
For 1.2V.
D2, D3 are isolating diodes, use Schottky tube (the Shottky barrier that forward pressure reduction is less
diode)。
The effect of D2 is switching reserce cell loop, and when installing terminal equipment, main battery i.e. main power source has output
Shi Youxian uses main power source, disconnects reserce cell discharge loop, it is to avoid reserce cell BT1 discharges.
The effect of D3 is, terminal unit is fitted without main battery i.e. main power source does not export when, disconnects
Main power circuit, makes the electric current of RTC vdd terminal will not return U2, it is to avoid produce current leakage.
The 1.2V that main power circuit second level LDO (U2) exports is after D3, and voltage reduces about 0.2V,
The voltage arriving RTC vdd terminal is about 1.0V.
When reserce cell BT1 is full of voltage (3.0V), discharge loop, through resistance R2 current limliting blood pressure lowering, is adjusted
Whole suitable R2 parameter, the maximum voltage controlling to arrive D2 positive terminal is about 1.2V.In actually used,
The discharge voltage of reserce cell is gradually lowered.
Reserce cell discharge loop has three kinds of duties:
If A. terminal unit normal boot-strap, main power circuit has output, because processor starts, and RTC electricity
The power source loads electric current on road can be larger, the pressure drop of diode D3 about 0.2V, arrives the electricity of RTC VDD
Pressure is 1.0V, then diode D2 positive pole negative pole both end voltage is identical, is in cut-off state, and reserce cell discharges
Loop disconnects, and battery will not discharge.Now RTC block is powered by main power circuit.
If B. terminal unit off-mode, main power circuit still has output, but processor is in dormancy
State, the power supply of RTC circuit can be reduced to minimum maintenance electric current, the pressure drop of diode D3 about 0.1V,
The voltage arriving RTC VDD is about 1.1V.Diode D2 cathode voltage is less than cathode voltage, is in and cuts
Only state, reserce cell discharge loop disconnects, and battery will not discharge.Now RTC block is by main power circuit
Power supply.
If C. terminal unit is fitted without battery, main power circuit does not has voltage to export, now D2 because
Forward bias is held on.Now only has reserce cell discharge loop in independent maintenance work.Reserce cell delays
Slow play electricity is through R2 current limliting blood pressure lowering, then after diode D2, arrives RTC vdd terminal supply RTC
Module.In this condition, after electric discharge after a while, the voltage of reserce cell BT1 can be gradually lowered,
Discharge current is also being gradually reduced, and RTC vdd terminal voltage also can follow corresponding reduction.RTC vdd terminal
Before voltage drops to 0.5V, the normal work of RTC block can be maintained always.
Implement two
Detailed circuit such as Fig. 3, wherein, U3 is the flush bonding processor of terminal unit, built-in RTC block
Unit, has independent power interface.X1 is the independent clock of RTC block, generally 32.768KHz.
Main power source includes main battery BATT and first order power supply LDO (U1).
U1 is first order voltage-releasing voltage stabilizer, low voltage difference power conversion chip LDO, the specified electricity of main battery
Pressure 7.5V reduces to 3.6V, and as the output voltage of main power source, 1.2V electricity is reduced on a road again to rear class LDO
After pressure, directly feed RTC block;Another road is for charging to reserce cell simultaneously.
Power conversion chip U2 is second level low voltage difference voltage-releasing voltage stabilizer LDO, the 3.6V of main power source output
Reduce to 1.2V again, supply RTC block, it is ensured that the maximum voltage of RTC vdd terminal is less than 1.3V.
D1 is isolating diode, uses the Schottky tube (Shottky barrier diode) that junction voltage is relatively low,
Forward pressure reduction is less, is about 0.1-0.2V according to electric current difference.Reverse for reserce cell charge circuit
Isolation, when terminal be fitted without battery i.e. there is no main power source time, can isolate reserce cell BT1 electric discharge electricity
Stream returns to U1 and U2, it is to avoid produce current leakage.
R1 is reserce cell BT1 charging current limiter resistance, chooses suitable state modulator charging current and exists
1uA-10uA scope.
R2 is reserce cell BT1 electric discharge current limliting dropping resistor, chooses suitable state modulator discharge current and exists
1uA-10uA scope, controls maximum voltage drop simultaneously and is about 1.8V, makes the maximum voltage of D2 positive terminal be about
1.2V。
D2, Q1, R3 belong to isolation circuit part.
D2 is isolating diode, uses the Schottky tube (Shottky barrier diode) that junction voltage is relatively low,
Forward pressure reduction about 0.1-0.2V.The effect of D2 is switching reserce cell loop, when terminal is mounted with that main battery is i.e.
Main power source preferentially uses main power source when having output, disconnect reserce cell discharge loop, it is to avoid reserce cell BT1
Electric discharge.
Q1 is N-channel type MOSFET, and for the disconnecting switch of main power circuit, metal-oxide-semiconductor has ratio
The conduction property that Schottky tube is more excellent, voltage drop is close to 0, belongs to voltage driven type device, high level
Conducting.When terminal is mounted with battery i.e. main power source has output when, by R3 to the grid of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1
Pole provides a high level, makes Q1 turn on, and the regulated output voltage of LDO (U2) arrives RTC VDD
The voltage of end is the most still 1.2V.
Q1, as the switch of main power circuit, substitutes the function of D3 in case (one) Fig. 2, and it acts on
In terminal be fitted without battery i.e. there is no main power source when, the electric current of RTC vdd terminal can be allowed to return
Return U2, it is to avoid produce current leakage.
When reserce cell BT1 is full of voltage (3.0V), electric discharge is through resistance R2 current limliting blood pressure lowering, and it is suitable to adjust
R2 parameter, control arrive D2 positive terminal maximum voltage be about 1.2V.In actually used, backup electricity
The discharge voltage in pond is gradually lowered.
Reserce cell discharge loop has three kinds of duties:
If A. terminal unit normal boot-strap, main power circuit has output, because processor starts, and RTC electricity
The power source loads electric current on road can be larger, the pressure drop of diode D3 about 0.2V, arrives the electricity of RTC VDD
Pressure is 1.0V, then diode D2 positive pole negative pole both end voltage is identical, is in cut-off state, and reserce cell discharges
Loop disconnects, and battery will not discharge.Now RTC block is powered by main power circuit.
If B. terminal unit off-mode, main power circuit still has output, but processor is in dormancy
State, the power supply of RTC circuit can be reduced to minimum maintenance electric current, the pressure drop of diode D3 about 0.1V,
The voltage arriving RTC VDD is about 1.1V.Diode D2 cathode voltage is less than cathode voltage, is in cut-off
State, reserce cell discharge loop disconnects, and battery will not discharge.Now RTC block is supplied by main power circuit
Electricity.
If C. terminal unit is fitted without battery, main power circuit does not has voltage to export, now D2 because
Forward bias is held on.Now only has reserce cell discharge loop in independent maintenance work.Reserce cell delays
Slow play electricity is through R2 current limliting blood pressure lowering, then after diode D2, arrives RTC vdd terminal supply RTC
Module.In this condition, after electric discharge after a while, the voltage of reserce cell BT1 can be gradually lowered,
Discharge current is also being gradually reduced, and RTC vdd terminal voltage also can follow corresponding reduction.RTC vdd terminal
Before dropping to 0.5V, the normal work of RTC block can be maintained always.
The difference of above-described embodiment two and embodiment one is to isolate circuit part.Wherein,
In embodiment one, D3 uses Schottky diode as isolation element, and circuit is simple, and shortcoming is self
Certain voltage is had to drop.
Using metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 as isolation element in embodiment two, the effect of Q1 is equivalent in embodiment one
D3, be also the isolation as main power circuit and switch.
When installing terminal equipment during battery, provide high level by R3 to the grid of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1
Cut-in voltage, Q1 turns on.Main power source is powered to RTC block;
When terminal unit be fitted without battery i.e. there is no main power source when, metal-oxide-semiconductor can be allowed by R3
Q1 turns off rapidly, makes the electric current of RTC vdd terminal will not return U2, its role is to avoid producing electric current
Leakage, advantageously in extending holding time of reserce cell.
The advantage of embodiment two is that metal-oxide-semiconductor has lower conduction voltage drop than Schottky diode, almost 0,
May insure that in installing terminal equipment under battery start normal operating condition, the voltage of RTC vdd terminal can
To be stably maintained at about 1.2V, provide relatively reliable voltage to RTC block.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all at this
Any amendment, equivalent and the improvement etc. made within bright spirit and principle, should be included in the present invention
Protection domain within.