CN104163427B - A kind of method that activated carbon is prepared using fuse salt activation - Google Patents
A kind of method that activated carbon is prepared using fuse salt activation Download PDFInfo
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- CN104163427B CN104163427B CN201410350867.XA CN201410350867A CN104163427B CN 104163427 B CN104163427 B CN 104163427B CN 201410350867 A CN201410350867 A CN 201410350867A CN 104163427 B CN104163427 B CN 104163427B
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- fuse salt
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furan Chemical compound C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000001480 isothermal pyrolysis Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001994 activation Methods 0.000 description 18
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 15
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 10
- HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N furfural Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CO1 HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011257 shell material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000276331 Citrus maxima Species 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000001759 Citrus maxima Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000003133 Elaeis guineensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000001950 Elaeis guineensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000007049 Juglans regia Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009496 Juglans regia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000082204 Phyllostachys viridis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000533293 Sesbania emerus Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007825 activation reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002154 agricultural waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracen-1-ylmethanolate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C[O-])=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003830 anthracite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001754 anti-pyretic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002221 antipyretic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005713 exacerbation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011499 joint compound Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002006 petroleum coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005504 petroleum refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003265 pulping liquor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000020234 walnut Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method that activated carbon is prepared using fuse salt activation, raw material is crushed, drying is put into heating furnace the isothermal pyrolysis under the conditions of certain temperature, coke caused by pyrolysis being passed through is put into fuse salt, isothermal reaction is taken out after certain time, is heated to certain temperature constant temperature activation a period of time under an inert atmosphere.It is cooled to room temperature, gained material is soaked with certain density hydrochloric acid solution, it is washed to neutrality, it is activated carbon by gained material drying, the activated carbon prepared by the present invention utilizes permeability good under fuse salt hot conditions under the premise of high-quality is ensured, reduce conventional method salt caused by early-stage preparations are conciliate in thermal process to waste and volatilize, shorten and prepare time, significantly reduce the production cost of activated carbon, this technology is advantageous to promote the innovation of activated carbon process.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to activated carbon preparation field, is related to a kind of method that activated carbon is prepared using fuse salt activation.
Background of invention
Activated carbon is a kind of carbonaceous material with huge specific surface area and flourishing hole, possesses excellent energy of adsorption
Power, there is the features such as chemical stability is high, adsorption capacity is strong, renewable to be widely used in liquid phase because it possesses in adsorption process
The fields such as absorption, separation, purification and the storage of the energy with gaseous substance.
The preparation method of activated carbon has a variety of, and physical activation method, chemical activation method are broadly divided into according to the property of activator
And physical chemistry activation method.The advantages of physical activation method is that technique is simple, prepares that cost is low, the pollution small later stage to environment without
Need to wash, shortcoming is activation temperature height, and activated carbon quality is not relatively high, and economic value added is low, more commonly used physically activated examination
Agent has vapor, carbon dioxide etc.；The advantages of chemical activation method is that preparation temperature is low with respect to physical activation method, energy requirement phase
To less, the quality of activated carbon is higher, shortcoming be cost height, the pollution to environment is relatively serious, the later stage need washing procedure from
Increase the waste of chemical reagent and secondary pollution to environment to a certain extent, relatively common chemical activation reagent have zinc chloride,
Phosphoric acid, potassium hydroxide, potassium carbonate etc..Activated carbon quality that chemical activation is prepared due to it is high, adsorption capacity is strong therefore wider
It is general to be applied among actual production.
Chinese patent, publication date：On 2 24th, 2010, publication number：CN101654247A application numbers：
200910195690.X patent of invention " preparation method of shaddock peel activated carbon ", propose by the use of various concentrations potassium hydroxide as
Activator simultaneously activates the activated carbon that pomelo peel prepares high-quality under a certain pressure.The method can not avoid activated carbon quality and work
Contradiction between agent dosage, process need a large amount of alkali lye to cause the corrosion of equipment as activator and prepare cost
Greatly improve, and be pyrolyzed after caused by coke need it is polished again with potassium hydroxide admixture activation, process of lapping meeting
Produce dust and problem of environmental pollution be present.
Chinese patent, publication date：On December 16th, 2012, publication number：The application numbers of CN 102249228：
201110158695.2 patent of invention " method that activated carbon is prepared with the pinecone " proposes to be mixed using the pinecone with potassium hydroxide
Activation prepares high quality active carbon.The method raw material is cheap, reduces the production cost of activated carbon, promotes the hair of low-carbon economy
Exhibition, is reasonable from principle, but potassium hydroxide needs static 20-30 hours after being mixed with the raw material pinecone, is answered from actual
With setting out, it is prolonged it is static can not only cause preparation time cycle stretch-out, and man power and material's cost can be increased, and then
The manufacturing cost of activated carbon is set to remain high.
There is chemical reagent to participate in problems being present during activation prepares activated carbon at present, wherein most important core
One of problem：The contradiction of activator quality and activated carbon quality.The amount of chemical reagent is improved in order to improve activated carbon quality, this
The individual generally existing in process for preparing active carbon, above way will certainly cause the exacerbation of raising and the pollution of cost.In activity
There is most to be slatterned because of the volatilization of high temperature in charcoal actual fabrication process in chemical reagent, can not actual participation activation
Process, cause the utilization rate of activating reagent low；Another key problem：Chemical reagent needs after being mixed with raw material and coke
Chemical reagent is allowed to be sufficiently submerged in raw material and coke the regular hour, the cycle that this process can cause activated carbon to prepare prolongs
Long, the covert cost and efficiency that add preparation.It is exactly the bottleneck place for restricting its development that these problems, which exist,.
The content of the invention
, can the invention provides a kind of method that activated carbon is prepared using fuse salt for overcome the deficiencies in the prior art
To prepare activated carbon as raw material using materials such as coal, timber, biomass.On the one hand chemical reagent can effectively be controlled because volatilization
Caused by waste, another aspect preparation process shortening manufacturing cycle, dropped without mix in advance by chemical reagent with raw material and coke
Low activity charcoal production cost.
Raw material is crushed, after drying, the pyrolytic reaction 10-480min under the conditions of 300-800 DEG C, pyrolytic reaction will be passed through and produced
Raw coke is added in fuse salt, is taken out after reacting 0.5-240min under the conditions of 200-1000 DEG C, under an inert atmosphere 400-
1200 DEG C of activation 0.5-10 hours.Product is cooled to room temperature, soaked with hydrochloric acid solution, is washed to neutrality, gained material is dried
It is dry to produce activated carbon.
Raw material：Biomass material (such as：Wood chip, cocoanut shell, charcoal, bamboo, bark, walnut shell, fruit stone, boll hull, rice
Shell, coffee bean stalk, oil palm shell, furfural dregs and spent pulping liquor etc.)；Coal feedstock (such as：Anthracite, lignite, mud coal etc.)；Plastics
Class polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, phenolic resin, furane resins, pollopas, furane resins, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) etc.；Petroleum
(such as：Contain carbon products and waste material in the petroleum refining process such as asphalt, petroleum coke, the oil dregs of fat).
It is preferred that raw material is crushed into 0.5-10mm, constant mass is dried at 80-120 DEG C；Further preferably raw material is broken
2mm is broken to, constant mass is dried at 105 DEG C.
The isothermal pyrolysis at 300-800 DEG C is preferably placed into heating furnace, is further preferably put into heating furnace at 500 DEG C
Isothermal pyrolysis.
It is preferred that isothermal pyrolysis 10-480min, further preferred isothermal pyrolysis 25min.
It is preferred that the coke by pyrolysis is put into 200-1000 DEG C of fuse salt, further preferably by by pyrolysis
Raw material is put into 400 DEG C of fuse salt.
It is preferred that being taken out after isothermal reaction 0.5-240min, taken out after further preferred isothermal reaction 2min.
It is preferred that be heated to 400-1200 DEG C under an inert atmosphere, be further preferably heated under an inert atmosphere 800 DEG C or
900℃。
It is preferred that activating 0.5-10 hours in constant temperature, further preferably 1-2 hours are activated in constant temperature.
The activated carbon prepared by the present invention is under the premise of activated carbon fine quality is ensured, using under fuse salt hot conditions
Good permeability, the salt caused by during antipyretic that reduces conventional method wastes and volatilization.The method, without raw material and work
Change reagent to mix in advance, time is shortened to by the 1-48 hours of conventional method within 30 minutes, significantly reduce and live
Property charcoal production cycle, and then lower production cost, improve production efficiency.This technology is advantageous to promote the leather of activated carbon process
Newly.
Brief description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing is the technological process of the present invention.
Embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with technical scheme, is not intended to limit making for the present invention
Use scope.
Embodiment 1
Using trade waste furfural dregs as raw material：Selection furfural dregs 100g is crushed to 1mmg and quality perseverance is dried at 120 DEG C
It is fixed, the isothermal pyrolysis 25min under the conditions of 400 DEG C is put into heating furnace, coke caused by being pyrolyzed will be passed through and be put into 400 DEG C of meltings
In salt, taken out after isothermal reaction 2min, be heated to 800 DEG C under an inert atmosphere and carry out 600 DEG C of constant temperature activation.It is cooled to room temperature,
With 0.1mol/L hydrochloric acid solution immersion gained material, neutrality is washed to, is activated carbon by gained material drying.
Embodiment 2
Using agricultural wastes corncob as raw material：Selection corncob 100g is crushed to 1mm and quality perseverance is dried at 120 DEG C
It is fixed, the isothermal pyrolysis 25min under the conditions of 350 DEG C is put into heating furnace, coke caused by being pyrolyzed will be passed through and be put into 400 DEG C of meltings
In salt, taken out after isothermal reaction 2min, be heated to 700 DEG C under an inert atmosphere and carry out constant temperature activation 60min.It is cooled to room temperature,
With 0.1mol/L hydrochloric acid solution immersion gained material, neutrality is washed to, is activated carbon by gained material drying.
Embodiment 3
Using coal as raw material：Selection coal 100g is crushed to 2mm and is dried to constant mass at 120 DEG C, is put into heating furnace 500
Isothermal pyrolysis 25min under the conditions of DEG C, will through coke caused by pyrolysis and be put into 400 DEG C of fuse salts, after isothermal reaction 2min
Take out, be heated to 900 DEG C under an inert atmosphere and carry out constant temperature activation 60min.Room temperature is cooled to, with 0.1mol/L hydrochloric acid solution
Immersion gained material, is washed to neutrality, is activated carbon by gained material drying.
Claims (5)
- A kind of 1. method that activated carbon is prepared using fuse salt activation, it is characterised in that step is as follows：Raw material is crushed, after drying, pyrolytic reaction 25min under the conditions of 500 DEG C, will be added to by coke caused by pyrolytic reaction In fuse salt, taken out after reacting 2min under the conditions of 400 DEG C, under an inert atmosphere 400-1200 DEG C of activation 0.5-10 hour；Will production Thing is cooled to room temperature, is soaked with hydrochloric acid solution, is then washed to neutrality, by gained material drying activated carbon；Described raw material is crushed to 0.5-10mm, is biomass material, coal feedstock, igelite, polypropylene, phenolic aldehyde tree One or both of fat, furane resins, pollopas, furane resins, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), petroleum are mixed above.
- 2. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that activate 1- at a temperature of 800 DEG C or 900 DEG C under an inert atmosphere 2 hours.
- 3. method according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that described raw material is crushed to 2mm.
- 4. method according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that dried under the conditions of 80-120 DEG C.
- 5. according to the method for claim 3, it is characterised in that dried under the conditions of 80-120 DEG C.
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| CN201410350867.XA CN104163427B (en) | 2014-07-21 | 2014-07-21 | A kind of method that activated carbon is prepared using fuse salt activation |
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| CN104163427B true CN104163427B (en) | 2018-01-16 |
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| CN105366658A (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2016-03-02 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Method for preparing porous carbon for super capacitor by waste plastic carbonization |
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| CN106865541A (en) * | 2017-02-22 | 2017-06-20 | 李峰 | A kind of Lauxite matrix activated carbon microballoon for coating polyacrylamide and preparation method thereof |
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| CN106865547A (en) * | 2017-04-06 | 2017-06-20 | 合肥工业大学 | A kind of preparation method of plastic biologic activated carbon and its activated carbon of acquisition |
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| CN107492648B (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2019-12-27 | 湖北文理学院 | Cotton-based carbon fiber/MnO/C material, preparation method and application |
| CN107434305B (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2020-10-23 | 福建省农业科学院农业工程技术研究所 | Water purifying agent with defect-rich carbon carrier immobilized microorganisms and preparation method thereof |
| CN109161915B (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2020-07-14 | 东北大学 | Method for preparing activated carbon powder for supercapacitor by utilizing coal based on molten salt |
| CN109530386B (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2020-05-08 | 华中科技大学 | Method for multistage upgrading of mixed organic solid waste based on molten salt |
| CN111232973A (en) * | 2020-03-06 | 2020-06-05 | 安徽马钢化工能源科技有限公司 | Method for preparing coal tar pitch-based activated porous carbon through chloride mixture melting and alkali activation |
| CN111994905A (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2020-11-27 | 五邑大学 | Preparation method of high-performance carbon material |
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