CN101259962A - Method for preparing activated carbon special for absorbing gasoline steam - Google Patents
Method for preparing activated carbon special for absorbing gasoline steam Download PDFInfo
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- CN101259962A CN101259962A CNA2007100105785A CN200710010578A CN101259962A CN 101259962 A CN101259962 A CN 101259962A CN A2007100105785 A CNA2007100105785 A CN A2007100105785A CN 200710010578 A CN200710010578 A CN 200710010578A CN 101259962 A CN101259962 A CN 101259962A
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Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method for active carbons exclusively used to adsorb gasoline steams. In the method, the active carbons are prepared by taking hard husks or coals as materials and utilizing the physical-chemical steeping activation method to process carbonizing materials, wherein the steeping fluid is the water solution formed by phosphoric acids and magnesia, the ratio by weight of which is 1:1.5 to 2.5, the iodine sorption value of the active carbons prepared is 800 to 1000mg/g, the adsorption rate of finished gasoline steams is 26 to 45 percent, and the mechanical strength is more than or equal to 95 percent; and materials are made into the products by carbonizing, steeping, drying and activating treatments. The products made by the method possess desirable capabilities of adsorbing and depriving macromolecular pigments and higher mechanical strength than conventional physical carbons, thereby the products are widely used; when the active carbons are used in the adsorption process, the consumption of adsorption carbons and the discharge of sewage can be greatly reduced, thereby greatly alleviating the pollution on water quality and atmosphere caused by the adsorption; because the active carbons is changed to be regenerated and repeatedly used from the prior disposable use, the continuous operation of the adsorption bleaching system is realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of granulated active carbon of usefulness that adsorbs, decolours that is used to, especially for the preparation method of absorbent charcoal special for adsorbing gasoline steam.
Background technology
Automobile becomes urban air first pollution source to the pollution of environment, and automobile is mainly derived from the evaporation of vehicle exhaust and fuel oil-gas to atmospheric pollution, and wherein tail gas pollution accounts for 70%, and the fuel evaporation thing pollutes and accounts for 30%.The U.S. just studies at the end of the sixties and use the charcoal absorption gasoline vapor on automobile, because this activated carbon technology content is higher, starting material made by timber and cost of manufacture is higher, and this special-purpose activated charcoal is domestic whole dependence on import at present, about 8～100,000 yuan/ton per ton of import price.
The applicant discloses " being used for the absorbing gasoline steam preparation method of active carbon " in number of patent application is 200610045780.7 file, this preparation method of active carbon is: the waste wood plant was dried 2～4 hours under 100～200 ℃ of temperature; The oven dry material adds H
3PO
4Under 100～150 ℃ of temperature, soaked 5～8 hours; To soak material adding converter and once activate 2～3 hours, washing oven dry again in 450～600 ℃; To activate material and NaOH and carry out re-activation, material and NaOH be proportioning activation treatment 1～2 hour under 700～800 ℃ of temperature by weight=1: 1.0～3.0; The re-activation material is added chlorohydric acid pickling, be washed to PH6～7 again, dry, be crushed to and need granularity.Though the gac granule strength of this method preparation is better, decolorizing ability and absorption property are still not ideal enough.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the many defectives that exist in above-mentioned gac making and the use, a kind of preparation method who is used for absorbent charcoal special for adsorbing gasoline steam with physical activation method production is provided, make it have excellent adsorption bleaching characteristic, promptly has the ability that removes the macromole pigment more by force, possesses the higher physical strength of physics charcoal again, gac is changed into repeatedly and is used repeated regeneration by disposable use.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: with waste hard shell or coal is raw material, the method that adopts materialization dipping activation method to handle carbonized material makes gac, the aqueous solution that this steeping fluid mainly is made up of phosphoric acid and magnesium oxide, the weight proportion of each component is a phosphoric acid: magnesium oxide=1: 1.5～2.5, obtained activated carbon-iodine adsorptive value is 800～1000mg/g, gasoline product steam adsorption rate is 26～45%, physical strength 〉=95%.With different next definite to the requirement of adsorption bleaching, impregnated catalyst adds total amount and accounts for 10～20% of weight of material the steeping fluid add-on according to different material.The gac that adopts the mixed catalyst steeping fluid to produce, not only absorption property is significantly improved, and its intensity also strengthens greatly.The raw material hard fruit shell is almond shell, coconut husk, peach-pit shell, and coal mainly is hard coal, non-binding property bituminous coal.Particularly apricot shell charcoal and non-adhesive bituminous coal make its adsorption bleaching ability of gac and significantly strengthen.
The present invention finishes by following preparation method:
A) raw material is placed charring furnace in 450～600 ℃ of charings, carbonized material is cooled to room temperature;
B) carbonized material is put into steeping fluid and under room temperature, soaked 5～10hr, will flood carbonized material then and under 400 ± 50 ℃ of temperature, dry;
C) will flood carbonized material and feed superheated vapour activation treatment 8～12hr, will activate material again with 5～10% aqueous hydrochloric acid pickling at 600～900 ℃;
D) the activation material after the pickling is dried 1～2hr under 400 ± 50 ℃ of temperature, and crushing and screening is to the needs granularity.
The adsorption of gac occurs on the interface of sorbent material and adsorbate, mainly carry out in the hole of sorbent material, so the aperture of activated carbon of sorbent and pore volume distribution situation has determined the selection adsorptive power of gac to adsorbate.When usually the gac aperture was with respect to 2-3 times of adsorption molecule diameter, it was the most suitable to adsorb.According to surveying and determination, to the absorption of iodine, the only pore radius of gac is 3-8 (1nm=10); To methylene blue is about 10-14.The reactivation process of gac is very complicated, and micropore is to form development gradually continuously, and along with activatory constantly carries out, micropore is starved the aperture and constantly enlarged, and also has the micropore of new smaller aperture due to generate simultaneously.The present invention is controlled at 800～900 ℃ with activation temperature; In the use of activator, the present invention adopts H
3PO
4And MgO
2With make the mixed catalytic activator, not only reduced activating cost, its adsorption bleaching power also significantly strengthens.Experiment once selected bituminous coal column carbonized material to soak with the catalyst solution of different concns, the dipping carbonized material feeds superheated vapour activation 8～12hr under 850 ± 20 ℃ of temperature, the charcoal absorption decoloring ability that obtains has has all met or exceeded every technical indicator of conventional chemical method and conventional physics method gac.
Product of the present invention and preparation technology compared with prior art have following advantage:
1, product of the present invention not only has the excellent ability that removes the macromole pigment, be that adsorption bleaching characteristic is good, also have the higher physical strength of conventional physics charcoal, therefore had both conventional physics method and the various good technical features of active carbon by chemical method, product application is extensive;
2, gac of the present invention has reached every technical indicator of external like product, can substitute the import gac fully, and gac is become repeatedly and used by disposable use, repeated regeneration, and the adsorption bleaching system can move for a long time continuously;
3, this gac can reduce adsorption bleaching charcoal consumption and sewage discharge significantly in the decoloration process utilization, alleviates the pollution of bringing for water quality, atmosphere because of absorption greatly; The raw material that the conventional chemical method is used is a timber, and is suitable for the physics method so that the raw material sources of the inventive method are extensive, as coal (hard coal, non-binding property bituminous coal), shell (coconut husk, apricot shell, peach-pit shell etc.).
What below provide is the contrast of production technique and product application technical feature:
The contrast of table 1, chemical charcoal and physics method particle charcoal producing technique
| Chemical method | The physics method | |
| Raw material | Wood chip | Shell non-sticky coal charcoal etc. |
| Activator | ZnCl 2 H 3PO 4 | |
| Main activation equipment | Flattening oven | Stepple furnace converter smoldering stove etc. |
| Advantage | The dispersion that yields poorly of less investment mountain area raw material abundance | It is stable that the wide serialization production of raw material sources production process is polluted abortion amount high quality |
| Shortcoming | Equipment falls behind many air of operational path and severe water pollution | Invest big technical requirements height |
Table 2, chemical burgy, physics method particle charcoal and performance technologies index of the present invention and application contrast
Embodiment 1: 100kg raw material apricot shell is put into charring furnace in 500 ± 50 ℃ of charings 2 hours, after being cooled to room temperature carbonized material is put into impregnating autoclave, phosphoric acid, 12kg magnesium oxide with 5kg 85%, add 100kg water and be mixed with steep water solution, the dipping carbonized material (the liquid level standard of steeping fluid is---cross the charcoal layer with submergence and be as the criterion) at room temperature soaked 6～8 hours; Again the carbonized material of dipping is dried down in 400 ± 50 ℃ in stoving oven; Carry hold macerate carbonized material under the condition that feeds superheated vapour, in 800 ± 50 ℃ of activation treatment 8～12hr, will activate material again with 10% aqueous hydrochloric acid pickling, the material after the pickling is dried 1～2hr in 400 ± 50 ℃, is crushed to 20～60 order particles.
Embodiment 2: do to be pressed into column in the tackiness agent adding coal dust with wood tar oil, getting the 100kg compacting expects in charring furnace in 500 ± 50 ℃ of charings 3 hours, after being cooled to room temperature carbonized material is put into impregnating autoclave, phosphoric acid, 10kg magnesium oxide and 100kg water with 5kg85% are mixed with steep water solution, the dipping carbonized material (the liquid level standard of steeping fluid is---cross the charcoal layer with submergence and be as the criterion), at room temperature soaked 6～8 hours; Again the carbonized material of dipping is dried down in 400 ± 50 ℃ in stoving oven; Carry hold macerate carbonized material under the condition that feeds superheated vapour, in 800 ± 50 ℃ of activation treatment 8～12hr, use 10% aqueous hydrochloric acid pickling then, in 400 ± 50 ℃ of oven dry 1～2hr, be crushed to 20～60 order particles again.
The processing parameter experimental data is expressed with tabular form in the embodiment of the invention:
Claims (4)
1. gac that is used for absorbing gasoline steam, it is characterized in that with hard fruit shell or coal be raw material, the method that adopts materialization dipping activation method to handle carbonized material makes gac, the aqueous solution that this steeping fluid mainly is made up of phosphoric acid and magnesium oxide, the weight proportion of each component is a phosphoric acid: magnesium oxide=1: 1.5～2.5, obtained activated carbon-iodine adsorptive value 800～1000mg/g, gasoline product steam adsorption rate is 26～45%, physical strength 〉=95%.
2. according to the described gac that is used for absorbing gasoline steam of claim 1, it is characterized in that impregnated catalyst adds total amount and accounts for 10～20% of weight of material.
3. one kind prepares the described absorbing gasoline steam process of active carbon that is used for of claim 1, it is characterized in that with hard fruit shell or coal be raw material, makes through charing, dipping, oven dry, activation treatment, and this preparation method is:
A) raw material is placed charring furnace in 450～600 ℃ of charings, carbonized material is cooled to room temperature;
B) carbonized material is put into steeping fluid and under room temperature, soaked 5～10hr, will flood carbonized material then and under 400 ± 50 ℃ of temperature, dry;
C) will flood carbonized material and feed superheated vapour activation treatment 8～12hr, will activate material again with 5～10% aqueous hydrochloric acid pickling at 600～900 ℃;
D) the activation material after the pickling is dried 1～2hr under 400 ± 50 ℃ of temperature, and crushing and screening is to the needs granularity.
4. according to the described preparation method of claim 4, it is characterized in that described activation temperature is controlled at 800～900 ℃ and is advisable.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2007100105785A CN101259962A (en) | 2007-03-09 | 2007-03-09 | Method for preparing activated carbon special for absorbing gasoline steam |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2007100105785A CN101259962A (en) | 2007-03-09 | 2007-03-09 | Method for preparing activated carbon special for absorbing gasoline steam |
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| CN101259962A true CN101259962A (en) | 2008-09-10 |
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| CNA2007100105785A Pending CN101259962A (en) | 2007-03-09 | 2007-03-09 | Method for preparing activated carbon special for absorbing gasoline steam |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104163427A (en) * | 2014-07-21 | 2014-11-26 | 大连理工大学 | Method utilizing melt salt activation to prepare active carbon |
| CN107570112A (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2018-01-12 | 成都漆彩之星环保科技有限公司 | Waste gas absorption activated carbon containing gasoline |
-
2007
- 2007-03-09 CN CNA2007100105785A patent/CN101259962A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104163427A (en) * | 2014-07-21 | 2014-11-26 | 大连理工大学 | Method utilizing melt salt activation to prepare active carbon |
| CN104163427B (en) * | 2014-07-21 | 2018-01-16 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of method that activated carbon is prepared using fuse salt activation |
| CN107570112A (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2018-01-12 | 成都漆彩之星环保科技有限公司 | Waste gas absorption activated carbon containing gasoline |
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Open date: 20080910 |