CN101112984A - Method for preparing activated charcoal by using discarded jatropha curcas husk - Google Patents
Method for preparing activated charcoal by using discarded jatropha curcas husk Download PDFInfo
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- CN101112984A CN101112984A CNA2007100494374A CN200710049437A CN101112984A CN 101112984 A CN101112984 A CN 101112984A CN A2007100494374 A CNA2007100494374 A CN A2007100494374A CN 200710049437 A CN200710049437 A CN 200710049437A CN 101112984 A CN101112984 A CN 101112984A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing active carbon with waste barbadosut shells, and is characterized in that: the waste barbadosut shells are firstly sieved and crumbled, then carbonization and activation are carried out by a physical method or a chemical method so as to obtain the active carbon. The invention not only has abundant raw material sources, so nonrenewable resources such as coal, tar and valuable wood materials that are used commonly at present can be saved, but also has low product cost, high added value, good performance and obvious market competition advantages, besides, the environment pollution problems caused by stack or burning of the waste barbadosut shells are solved, therefore, a new way of taking use of the resources fully is found, meanwhile, an important link is filled for the production mode of circular economy characterized in low investment, high efficiency and zero pollution of the waste barbadosut shells.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to discarded jatropha curcas husk and utilize technical field, be specifically related to a kind of discarded jatropha curcas husk that utilizes and prepare process of active carbon.
Background technology
Energy problem is the important step of the restriction national economic development.The scarcity of tradition fossil energy impels many countries all to accelerate to seek the paces of renewable energy source, and lists it strategic objective of national economic development in.Bioenergy is expected to become the effective way that solves the future source of energy crisis, is receiving increasing concern.Cortex jatrophae (Jatropha curcasl.) is extensively planted in a lot of areas of China as a kind of plant that produces the new bio diesel raw material.According to estimates, the cultivated area of several years Cortex jatrophae of Future in China is expected to reach more than 300,000 hectares, produces leprosy fruit 65000kg by one hectare of Cortex jatrophae and calculates, and ultimate production can reach 1.95 * 10
13Kg.But, when Cortex jatrophae has really been extracted the preparation biodiesel raw material, produced a large amount of discarded shells.These discarded shells heavily account for 30% heavy calculating of fruit by shell, and can produce 5.85 * 10 every year
12Kg.Utilization to these discarded shells, just it is directly burnt as common fuel at present, not only added value is not high for this, deficiency in economic performance, and owing to contain higher sulphur content in the shell, cause the tail gas of emitting after the burning that environment is polluted, therefore seeking the new approach that utilizes of discarded jatropha curcas husk has become current important tackling key problem research topic.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to utilize the problem of discarded jatropha curcas husk existence, provide a kind of and can solve environmental pollution, make full use of discarded jatropha curcas husk and prepare high value added product at prior art---process of active carbon.
The discarded jatropha curcas husk that utilizes provided by the invention prepares process of active carbon, it is characterized in that each processing step of this method and controlled variable thereof are as follows:
1) processing selects for use discarded jatropha curcas husk to sieve with 3～20 mesh sieves, removes sand, and soil and other impurity are crushed into 20～120 purpose particle diameters then;
2) charing is the Powdered manioca shells of 20～120 purposes with particle diameter, under protection of inert gas, rises to 400～600 ℃ with the temperature rise rate of 1～15 ℃/min and carries out charing, carbonization time 0.5～2.5 hour;
3) activation got final product the material after the charing in 0.5～2.5 hour with activator I activation down for 700～900 ℃ in temperature, or
1) processing selects for use discarded jatropha curcas husk to sieve with 3～20 mesh sieves, removes sand, and soil and other impurity are crushed into 20～120 purpose particle diameters then;
2) charing is the Powdered manioca shells of 20～120 purposes with particle diameter, under protection of inert gas, is warming up to 400～600 ℃ with the temperature rise rate of 1～15 ℃/min and carries out charing, carbonization time 2.5～4.5 hours, cooling;
3) after carbonized material and activator II mixed by weight 1: 1～8 after mixing, drying were got and cooled off, be dried to water ratio 4～6%;
4) activation under the high pure nitrogen protection, is warming up to 700～900 ℃ of activation 2.5～4.5 hours with the carbonated material behind the combination drying;
5) carbonated material after aftertreatment will activate is being cooled under high pure nitrogen protection≤200 ℃ after, be washed till neutrality with neutralizing agent, be dried to water ratio≤15% then and get final product.
Used activator I is water vapor or carbon dioxide in the above physical method; Used activator II is potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, zinc chloride, vitriolate of tartar or phosphoric acid in the above chemical process.
Used neutralizing agent is hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, ammonium chloride or water in the above chemical process.During use, when being acid compounds as used activator II, neutralizing agent is selected alkaloids wherein for use, when being the bases compound as used activator II, neutralizing agent is selected acid wherein for use, and when being salt compounds as used activator II, neutralizing agent is selected water wherein for use.When neutralizing agent is selected bases, acid for use, all need again the water flushing at last to neutral.
Compared with the prior art the present invention has the following advantages:
1, because the inventive method is to prepare gac to have refined the discarded shell that is produced behind biofuel, glycerine, biological pesticide, the protein fodder from the Cortex jatrophae fruit, and activated carbon product can be used to curb environmental pollution, thereby to have formed with high-tech product, ecological construction, biotechnology, environmental protection be one, low input, high-level efficiency and zero release are the recycling economy production model of feature, and aspects such as improvement of the ecological environment, industrial raw material, medicine, energy development are played positive pushing effect.
2, because the inventive method is to be the Activated Carbon Production raw material with the waste jatropha curcas husk after the production biofuel, thereby the not only alternative disposable non-renewable Biological resources of generally using at present such as timber resources such as coal, tar and preciousness, and concentrate in the jatropha curcas husk place of production, output is big, collect easily, the Activated Carbon Production cost is reduced greatly, obtain cheap and good-quality market competition advantage.
3, since the invention provides physics and the chemistry two kinds of activation methods obtain gac, and physically activated method can obtain the general commercial gac of using, the chemical activation method can obtain the super-activated carbon of the high-specific surface area of good adsorption performance, thereby can select different methods according to different needs, satisfy the demand of domestic and international market with the product of producing different performance to activated carbon product.
4, the present invention is used for preparing gac with the waste jatropha curcas husk, has not only made full use of resource, makes the economic benefit of being brought far above its benefit that acts as a fuel merely, but also can eliminate the environmental pollution that acts as a fuel and bring.
5, the inventive method is simple, and technical maturity is easy to control.
Embodiment
Also the invention will be further described to provide embodiment below.Be necessary to be pointed out that at this following examples can not be interpreted as limiting the scope of the invention; if the person skilled in the art in this field makes some nonessential improvement and adjustment according to the invention described above content to the present invention, still belong to protection domain of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Discarded jatropha curcas husk is sieved with 3～20 mesh sieves, remove husky, native and other impurity, be crushed into the powder of 80 order particle diameters then; With particle diameter is that 80 purpose powder jatropha curcas husks place box-type furnace, feeds high-purity N
2As protection gas, rise to 500 ℃ of charings 1.8 hours with the temperature rise rate of 5 ℃/min; Speed feeding steam activation gas with 150ml/min continues to be warmed up to 800 ℃ again, and the constant temperature activation got final product in 2 hours.Gac yield 27.12%, iodine sorption value 865.31mg/g.
Embodiment 2
Discarded jatropha curcas husk is sieved with 3～20 mesh sieves, remove husky, native and other impurity, be crushed into the powder of 120 order particle diameters then; With particle diameter is that 120 purpose powder jatropha curcas husks place box-type furnace, feeds high-purity N
2As protection gas, rise to 600 ℃ of charings 2.5 hours with the temperature rise rate of 2 ℃/min; Speed with 200ml/min feeds CO again
2Activation gas continues to be warmed up to 900 ℃, and the constant temperature activation got final product in 2.5 hours.Gac yield 24.01%, iodine sorption value 1120.36mg/g.
Embodiment 3
Discarded jatropha curcas husk is sieved with 3～20 mesh sieves, remove husky, native and other impurity, be crushed into the powder of 50 order particle diameters then; With particle diameter is that 50 purpose powder jatropha curcas husks place box-type furnace, feeds high-purity N
2As protection gas, rise to 400 ℃ of charings 0.5 hour with the temperature rise rate of 15 ℃/min; Speed with 80ml/min feeds CO again
2Activation gas continues to be warmed up to 700 ℃, and the constant temperature activation got final product in 1 hour.Gac yield 29.9%, iodine sorption value 662.66mg/g.
Embodiment 4
Discarded jatropha curcas husk is sieved with 3～20 mesh sieves, remove husky, native and other impurity, be crushed into the powder of 100 order particle diameters then; With particle diameter is that 100 purpose powder jatropha curcas husks place box-type furnace, feeds high-purity N
2As protection gas, rise to 550 ℃ of charings 2 hours with the temperature rise rate of 3 ℃/min; Speed with 180ml/min feeds CO again
2Activation gas continues to be warmed up to 850 ℃, and the constant temperature activation got final product in 2 hours.Gac yield 25.34%, iodine sorption value 996.15mg/g.
Embodiment 5
Discarded jatropha curcas husk is sieved with 3～20 mesh sieves, remove husky, native and other impurity, be crushed into the powder of 60 order particle diameters then; With particle diameter is that 60 purpose powder jatropha curcas husks place box-type furnace, feeds high-purity N
2As protection gas, rise to 450 ℃ of charings 1 hour with the temperature rise rate of 8 ℃/min; Speed with 120ml/min feeds CO again
2Activation gas continues to be warmed up to 750 ℃, and the constant temperature activation got final product in 0.5 hour.Gac yield 29.45%, iodine sorption value 711.47mg/g.
Embodiment 6
Discarded jatropha curcas husk is sieved with 3～20 mesh sieves, remove husky, native and other impurity, be crushed into the powder of 40 order particle diameters then; With particle diameter is that 40 purpose powder jatropha curcas husks place box-type furnace, feeds high-purity N
2As protection gas, rise to 400 ℃ of charings 2.5 hours with the temperature rise rate of 8 ℃/min, cooling; To cool off back carbonized material and activator zinc chloride, after mixing by weight 1: 1, be dried to water ratio 6%; Carbonated material behind the combination drying under the high pure nitrogen protection, is warming up to 800 ℃ of activation 2.5 hours; Carbonated material after the activation is being cooled under the high pure nitrogen protection≤200 ℃ after, wash with water to neutrality, be dried to water ratio≤15% then and get final product.The iodine sorption value of gained gac is 1528.64mg/g.
Embodiment 7
Discarded jatropha curcas husk is sieved with 3～20 mesh sieves, remove husky, native and other impurity, be crushed into the powder of 120 order particle diameters then; With particle diameter is that 120 purpose powder jatropha curcas husks place box-type furnace, feeds high-purity N
2As protection gas, rise to 600 ℃ of charings 3.5 hours with the temperature rise rate of 2 ℃/min, cooling; To cool off back carbonized material and activator potassium hydroxide, after mixing by weight 1: 4, be dried to water ratio 4%; Carbonated material behind the combination drying under the high pure nitrogen protection, is warming up to 900 ℃ of activation 4.5 hours; Carbonated material after the activation is being cooled under the high pure nitrogen protection≤200 ℃ after, be washed till near neutrality with rare nitric acid earlier, and then wash with water to neutrality, final drying to water ratio≤15% gets final product.The iodine sorption value of gained gac is 2268.96mg/g.
Embodiment 8
Discarded jatropha curcas husk is sieved with 3～20 mesh sieves, remove husky, native and other impurity, be crushed into the powder of 80 order particle diameters then; With particle diameter is that 80 purpose powder jatropha curcas husks place box-type furnace, feeds high-purity N
2As protection gas, rise to 500 ℃ of charings 4.5 hours with the temperature rise rate of 5 ℃/min, cooling; To cool off back carbonized material and activator phosphoric acid, after mixing by weight 1: 6, be dried to water ratio 5%; Carbonated material behind the combination drying under the high pure nitrogen protection, is warming up to 700 ℃ of activation 3 hours; Carbonated material after the activation is being cooled under the high pure nitrogen protection≤200 ℃ after, earlier with the ammonium chloride washed of lower concentration near neutral, and then wash with water to neutrality, final drying to water ratio≤15% gets final product.The iodine sorption value of gained gac is 1827.65mg/g.
Embodiment 9
Discarded jatropha curcas husk is sieved with 3～20 mesh sieves, remove husky, native and other impurity, be crushed into the powder of 100 order particle diameters then; With particle diameter is that 100 purpose powder jatropha curcas husks place box-type furnace, feeds high-purity N
2As protection gas, rise to 560 ℃ of charings 4 hours with the temperature rise rate of 3 ℃/min, cooling; To cool off back carbonized material and activator vitriolate of tartar, after mixing by weight 1: 5, be dried to water ratio 4.5%; Carbonated material behind the combination drying under the high pure nitrogen protection, is warming up to 850 ℃ of activation 4 hours; Carbonated material after the activation is being cooled under the high pure nitrogen protection≤200 ℃ after, wash with water to neutrality, be dried to water ratio≤15% then and get final product.The iodine sorption value of gained gac is 2218.44mg/g.
Embodiment 10
Discarded jatropha curcas husk is sieved with 3～20 mesh sieves, remove husky, native and other impurity, be crushed into the powder of 60 order particle diameters then; With particle diameter is that 60 purpose powder jatropha curcas husks place box-type furnace, feeds high-purity N
2As protection gas, rise to 450 ℃ of charings 3 hours with the temperature rise rate of 15 ℃/min, cooling; To cool off back carbonized material and activator sodium hydroxide, after mixing by weight 1: 8, be dried to water ratio 5%; Carbonated material behind the combination drying under the high pure nitrogen protection, is warming up to 750 ℃ of activation 3.5 hours; Carbonated material after the activation is being cooled under the high pure nitrogen protection≤200 ℃ after, be washed till near neutral with dilute hydrochloric acid earlier, and then wash with water to neutrality, final drying to water ratio≤15% gets final product.The iodine sorption value of gained gac is 1613.57mg/g.
Claims (3)
1. one kind is utilized discarded jatropha curcas husk to prepare process of active carbon, it is characterized in that each processing step of this method and controlled variable thereof are as follows:
1) processing selects for use discarded jatropha curcas husk to sieve with 3～20 mesh sieves, removes sand, and soil and other impurity are crushed into 20～120 purpose particle diameters then;
2) charing is the Powdered manioca shells of 20～120 purposes with particle diameter, under protection of inert gas, rises to 400～600 ℃ with the temperature rise rate of 1～15 ℃/min and carries out charing, carbonization time 0.5～2.5 hour;
3) activation got final product the material after the charing in 0.5～2.5 hour with activator I activation down for 700～900 ℃ in temperature, or
1) processing selects for use discarded jatropha curcas husk to sieve with 3～20 mesh sieves, removes sand, and soil and other impurity are crushed into 20～120 purpose particle diameters then;
2) charing is the Powdered manioca shells of 20～120 purposes with particle diameter, under protection of inert gas, is warming up to 400～600 ℃ with the temperature rise rate of 1～15 ℃/min and carries out charing, carbonization time 2.5～4.5 hours, cooling then;
3) after carbonized material and activator II mixed by weight 1: 1～8 after mixing, drying were got and cooled off, be dried to water ratio 4～6%;
4) activation under the high pure nitrogen protection, is warming up to 700～900 ℃ of activation 2.5～4.5 hours with the carbonated material behind the combination drying;
5) carbonated material after aftertreatment will activate is being cooled under high pure nitrogen protection≤200 ℃ after, be washed till neutrality with neutralizing agent, be dried to water ratio 15% then and get final product.
2. prepare process of active carbon according to the described discarded jatropha curcas husk that utilizes of claim 1, it is characterized in that used activator I is water vapor or carbon dioxide; Activator II is potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, chlorine flower zinc, vitriolate of tartar or phosphoric acid.
3. prepare process of active carbon according to claim 1 or the 2 described discarded jatropha curcas husks that utilize, it is characterized in that used neutralizing agent is hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, ammonium chloride or water.
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| CNA2007100494374A CN101112984A (en) | 2007-07-03 | 2007-07-03 | Method for preparing activated charcoal by using discarded jatropha curcas husk |
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Cited By (23)
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| CN101597055B (en) * | 2009-05-26 | 2011-04-20 | 中国科学院武汉植物园 | Method for preparing active carbon by seed cases of Jatropha curcas |
| CN102153162A (en) * | 2011-04-29 | 2011-08-17 | 南京大学 | Application of KOH activated active carbon to removing antibiotics in water body through adsorption |
| CN102153080A (en) * | 2011-03-29 | 2011-08-17 | 内蒙古农业大学 | Yellowhorn shell activated carbon and preparation method thereof |
| CN102822093A (en) * | 2010-03-31 | 2012-12-12 | 可乐丽化学株式会社 | Activated carbon and uses thereof |
| CN102874807A (en) * | 2012-09-19 | 2013-01-16 | 浙江工业大学 | Active carbon material and application of same serving as double-electric layer capacitor electrode material |
| CN103288083A (en) * | 2013-05-20 | 2013-09-11 | 绍兴文理学院元培学院 | Method for preparing activated carbon with high specific surface area from torreya grandis aril |
| CN103771409A (en) * | 2012-10-23 | 2014-05-07 | 天津德为环保工程设备有限公司 | Preparation method for molded biomass active carbon with crop straw as raw material |
| CN104163427A (en) * | 2014-07-21 | 2014-11-26 | 大连理工大学 | Method utilizing melt salt activation to prepare active carbon |
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| WO2015106720A1 (en) * | 2014-01-20 | 2015-07-23 | 中盈长江国际新能源投资有限公司 | Method for producing super activated charcoal from biomass power plant ash |
| CN105905880A (en) * | 2016-04-07 | 2016-08-31 | 南京林业大学 | Method for preparing porous carbon spheres from ripe fruits of Liquidambar formosana hance, and adsorption application thereof |
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| CN108017055A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-05-11 | 北海星石碳材料科技有限责任公司 | The method that coconut husk prepares super-activated carbon |
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| CN108408724A (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2018-08-17 | 句容市盛达环保净化材料有限公司 | Method for preparation of active carbon |
| CN109850892A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-06-07 | 浙江大学 | A kind of activation industrialized process for preparing twice of super capacitor high conductivity cocoanut active charcoal |
| CN110182805A (en) * | 2019-06-22 | 2019-08-30 | 合肥煜创碳业有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of active carbon |
| CN110203930A (en) * | 2019-06-22 | 2019-09-06 | 合肥煜创碳业有限公司 | A kind of active carbon and preparation method thereof |
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-
2007
- 2007-07-03 CN CNA2007100494374A patent/CN101112984A/en active Pending
Cited By (27)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101597055B (en) * | 2009-05-26 | 2011-04-20 | 中国科学院武汉植物园 | Method for preparing active carbon by seed cases of Jatropha curcas |
| CN102822093B (en) * | 2010-03-31 | 2015-02-25 | 可乐丽化学株式会社 | Activated carbon and uses thereof |
| CN102822093A (en) * | 2010-03-31 | 2012-12-12 | 可乐丽化学株式会社 | Activated carbon and uses thereof |
| CN102153080A (en) * | 2011-03-29 | 2011-08-17 | 内蒙古农业大学 | Yellowhorn shell activated carbon and preparation method thereof |
| CN102153162B (en) * | 2011-04-29 | 2013-10-09 | 南京大学 | Application of KOH activated active carbon in removing antibiotics in water body through adsorption |
| CN102153162A (en) * | 2011-04-29 | 2011-08-17 | 南京大学 | Application of KOH activated active carbon to removing antibiotics in water body through adsorption |
| CN102874807A (en) * | 2012-09-19 | 2013-01-16 | 浙江工业大学 | Active carbon material and application of same serving as double-electric layer capacitor electrode material |
| CN103771409A (en) * | 2012-10-23 | 2014-05-07 | 天津德为环保工程设备有限公司 | Preparation method for molded biomass active carbon with crop straw as raw material |
| CN103288083A (en) * | 2013-05-20 | 2013-09-11 | 绍兴文理学院元培学院 | Method for preparing activated carbon with high specific surface area from torreya grandis aril |
| WO2015106720A1 (en) * | 2014-01-20 | 2015-07-23 | 中盈长江国际新能源投资有限公司 | Method for producing super activated charcoal from biomass power plant ash |
| CN104163427B (en) * | 2014-07-21 | 2018-01-16 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of method that activated carbon is prepared using fuse salt activation |
| CN104163427A (en) * | 2014-07-21 | 2014-11-26 | 大连理工大学 | Method utilizing melt salt activation to prepare active carbon |
| CN104307480A (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2015-01-28 | 成都理想财富投资咨询有限公司 | Preparing method for printing and dyeing sewage treatment magnetic particles |
| CN105905880A (en) * | 2016-04-07 | 2016-08-31 | 南京林业大学 | Method for preparing porous carbon spheres from ripe fruits of Liquidambar formosana hance, and adsorption application thereof |
| CN107381574A (en) * | 2017-09-14 | 2017-11-24 | 江苏科力特环保科技有限公司 | A kind of method that peanut shell produces activated carbon |
| CN107473221A (en) * | 2017-09-14 | 2017-12-15 | 江苏科力特环保科技有限公司 | A kind of battery activated carbon processing method |
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| CN108017055B (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2021-07-06 | 北海星石碳材料科技有限责任公司 | Method for preparing super activated carbon from coconut shells |
| CN108017055A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-05-11 | 北海星石碳材料科技有限责任公司 | The method that coconut husk prepares super-activated carbon |
| CN108408724A (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2018-08-17 | 句容市盛达环保净化材料有限公司 | Method for preparation of active carbon |
| CN109850892A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-06-07 | 浙江大学 | A kind of activation industrialized process for preparing twice of super capacitor high conductivity cocoanut active charcoal |
| CN110182805A (en) * | 2019-06-22 | 2019-08-30 | 合肥煜创碳业有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of active carbon |
| CN110203930A (en) * | 2019-06-22 | 2019-09-06 | 合肥煜创碳业有限公司 | A kind of active carbon and preparation method thereof |
| CN111844324A (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2020-10-30 | 吉安龙净炭素科技有限公司 | Efficient treatment method for sawdust in production of phosphoric acid method activated carbon |
| CN111978619A (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2020-11-24 | 莱芜华亚超高分子材料科技有限公司 | Nano water-saving pipe |
| CN113265673A (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2021-08-17 | 绍兴市上虞区武汉理工大学高等研究院 | Method for synthesizing acetic acid by using macadamia nut shells through biological carbon dioxide reduction and electricity |
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