CN104160049B - Mar proof, extrudability, the aluminium alloy of forging excellent processability - Google Patents
Mar proof, extrudability, the aluminium alloy of forging excellent processability Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104160049B CN104160049B CN201280068314.4A CN201280068314A CN104160049B CN 104160049 B CN104160049 B CN 104160049B CN 201280068314 A CN201280068314 A CN 201280068314A CN 104160049 B CN104160049 B CN 104160049B
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- eutectic
- aluminium alloy
- extruded material
- mar proof
- size
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/002—Extruding materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special extruding methods of sequences
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J1/00—Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
- B21J1/003—Selecting material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
- C22C21/04—Modified aluminium-silicon alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/043—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with silicon as the next major constituent
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of aluminium alloy, and it is by the amount of element optimization contained in enabling aluminum alloy to, and not only makes extrudability, the such productivity ratio of forging property be improved, and meet necessary characteristic.A kind of aluminium alloy is provided, it is characterized in that, containing Si5.5～7.0%, Cu1.0～2.0%, Mg0.4～0.8%, Cr0.05～0.15%, Ni0.05～0.25% and according to desired Sr0.01～0.05%, surplus is made up of Al and inevitable impurity, on the cross section vertical with the length direction of extruded material, the eutectic Si size of central part is set to Sc, the eutectic Si size of top layer sidepiece is set to Sc Ss≤15 μm during Ss2, and eutectic Si size is 20 μm2Following grain number is 1000～3000/mm2。
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the mar proof used in automobile, family's electrical article etc., extrudability, forging as parts such as compressors
Make the aluminium alloy of excellent processability.
Background technology
The aluminium alloy of the compressor etc. in automobile, family's electrical article etc. requires mar proof etc..Such as, for compressor
Aluminium alloy in order to improve mar proof, reduce coefficient of thermal expansion, use be added with 10 mass % (hereinafter referred to as %) above Si
Al-Si alloy.Fatigue durability and the excellent slip aluminium alloy of non-sintered has been recorded in patent documentation 1.Close at this aluminum
In gold, Si is as the necessary element interpolation 1～15% contributing to non-sintered, mar proof.But, describe the addition of Si
During more than 15%, there is embrittlement in aluminium alloy.
[prior art literature]
[patent documentation]
[patent documentation 1] Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 03-006345
Summary of the invention
[inventing problem to be solved]
The above-mentioned aluminium alloy for compressor etc. requires that mar proof, the coefficient of expansion etc. are excellent, therefore, adds Si in a large number.
But, although such aluminium alloy mar proof, the coefficient of expansion etc. improve, it is likely that the processability such as extrudability reduces and surface
Character variation etc..This is because, aluminium alloy has, the constituent concentration of each composition added is the highest more unmanageable tendency.Special
It not that the Si added to improve mar proof manufacturing procedure in extrusion operation, forging process makes productivity ratio reduce.
It practice, such aluminium alloy has this spy relative to for the mar proof required by the parts used, the coefficient of expansion etc.
Property be that the situation of specification of excess of more than necessity is quite a few.That is, to be not necessarily required to mar proof etc. the most excellent for these aluminium alloys
Good, therefore, from the viewpoint of productivity ratio, for the necessary characteristics such as wearability, preferably controlling it according to purposes becomes
Optimum state.
Therefore, by the characteristic required as desired is in harmonious proportion with productivity ratio, does not reduces productivity ratio and obtain
Present aspect is become to have the aluminium alloy of excellent results.
Therefore, when producing, suppression productivity ratio is deteriorated as far as possible, and the aluminium alloy simultaneously obtained has necessary characteristic, at both
Between keep balance aluminium alloy be developed into problem.
In view of the foregoing, it is an object of the invention to, it is provided that extrudability in Al-Si system alloy and forging can be produced
Make excellent processability and keep the aluminium alloy that can be used for manufacturing forging thing of mar proof.
[method for solving problem]
Present inventor has performed in-depth study, result obtains following opinion: by regulating the addition of each composition, and
Control eutectic Si size, obtain the aluminium alloy after necessary characteristic being in harmonious proportion with productivity ratio.I.e. find, real by following method
The purpose of existing the invention described above.
That is, according to the present invention, it is provided that a kind of mar proof, extrudability, the aluminium alloy of forging excellent processability, its feature exists
In, containing Si5.5～7.0 mass % (being designated as % below), Cu1.0～2.0%, Mg0.4～0.8%, Cr0.05～0.15%,
Ni0.05～0.25%, surplus is made up of Al and inevitable impurity, in the cross section vertical with the length direction of extruded material
On the eutectic Si size of central part is set to Sc, when the eutectic Si size of top layer sidepiece is set to Ss, Sc-Ss≤15 μm2, and
Eutectic Si size is 20 μm2Following grain number is 1000～3000/mm2。
Mar proof, extrudability, the aluminium alloy of forging excellent processability are preferably provided, its possibly together with Sr 0.01～
0.05%.
[invention effect]
The present invention can provide each composition by suitably controlling aluminium alloy and eutectic Si size can produce extrusion
Property and forging excellent processability and keep the aluminum alloy materials for manufacturing extruded material, forged material of mar proof.
Accompanying drawing explanation
[Fig. 1] is the figure that the extrusion pin manufactured by extruding carries out forging processing.
Detailed description of the invention
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention are illustrated.
First, each addition element in the aluminium alloy of the present invention is illustrated.
Si contributes to abrasiveness by generating Si compound.It addition, form Mg together with Si with Mg2Si, Si contribute to
The element of intensity.The addition of Si less than 5.5% time, intensity, mar proof effect weak.During more than 7.0%, surface texture becomes
Difference, extrudability reduction.
Cu contributes to intensity and improves.When the addition of Cu is less than 1.0%, the effect that intensity improves is little, during more than 2.0%,
Extrusion processability, corrosion resistance are deteriorated.
Mg is formed together with Mg with Si2Si, contributes to intensity and improves.When the addition of Mg is less than 0.4%, its effect is little.Super
After 0.8% time, extrusion processability reduces.Preferably Mg is 0.55～0.65%.
Cr is effective to crystal grain microminiaturization, contributes to intensity and improves.When the addition of Cr is less than 0.05%, this effect is little.Super
After crossing 0.15%, its effect does not has in a substantial change.Preferably Cr is 0.07～0.10%.
Thermostability, mar proof are improved effectively by Ni, it helps intensity improves.When the addition of Ni is less than 0.05%,
Its effect is little.After 0.25%, its effect does not has in a substantial change, and causes extrudability variation.Preferably Ni be 0.07～
0.13%.
The interpolation of Sr and contribute to the raising of engineering properties.The improved treatment of Sr Si after crystallization, by adding Sr,
Si after crystallization becomes small form.The addition of Sr is preferably 0.01～0.05%.When the addition of Sr is less than 0.01%,
Its effect is little.During more than 0.05%, its effect does not has in a substantial change.
When Fe, Mn are added, with other Element generation compounds, the effect of each addition element can be caused to be deteriorated, therefore, this
Aluminium alloy in invention is less than 0.5%.
It addition, the aluminium alloy of the present invention is in addition to above-mentioned element, possibly together with inevitable impurity and Al.Such as, exist
Do not damage in the range of invention effect, Ti, Zr, Zn can be contained on a small quantity.Do not damage the scope of invention effect refer to 0.05% with
Under.
Eutectic Si on surface texture, mar proof produce impact, therefore, the homogeneity of these characteristics be by extruded material with
And the size of the eutectic Si of forged material and distribution determine.That is, the aluminium alloy of the present invention is by controlling each compositions such as Si
Content, it is thus achieved that excellent extrudability and forging processability, it addition, by the size and the distribution that control eutectic Si, prevent by table
Deviation in the former characteristic thus resulted at face character and position.Thus, by means of the invention it is possible to obtain spy with high production rate
Extruded material that property is homogeneous and forged material.
By Ss and Sc is controlled as Sc-Ss≤15 μm2So that the surface texture of extruded material is good, and can suppress
The skewness of the mar proof characteristic of extrusion top layer sidepiece and central part.About eutectic Si size, Ss refers to with crowded
On the basis of going out on the cross section that the length direction of material is vertical the degree of depth away from top layer 50 μm, in the visuals field of 100 times of optical microscope
Eutectic Si size during middle observation central side.Ss is to measure 4 positions with central angle every 90 degree, with wherein in the same visual field
Maximum value be as the criterion.Sc refers to the central part in the extruded material cross section observed in the visual field of optical microscope 100 times
Eutectic Si size.Eutectic Si size in the present invention refers to the crystallization area of eutectic Si.
It addition, by making eutectic Si a size of 20 μm in extruded material2Below, it is possible to the roughness on suppression surface.Separately
Outward, in order to obtain mar proof, the grain number of eutectic Si is 1000～3000/mm2.Size 20 μm of eutectic Si2Following grain number
Less than 1000/mm2Time, the effect of the mar proof after forging is little.The grain number of eutectic Si is more than 3000/mm2Time, hinder and squeeze
Going out property and forging processability.
It should be noted that about the manufacturing condition of the aluminium alloy in the present invention and quenched be all not particularly limited, adjust
Matter selects according to purposes under common manufacturing condition.
In the case of using extrusion pin as forged article, the processability in forging process can produce shadow to the hardness of material
Ring.Thus, the quenched of the extrusion pin of the present invention is preferably F, T1, O, and further preferred is quenched for O.
It addition, the quenched characteristic the most as required after Duan Zao selects, but the present invention is preferably T6.
[embodiment]
Describe the present invention in detail based on embodiment, but the invention is not restricted to this.
First, heat in the range of 700 DEG C～740 DEG C, the alloy of the composition shown in table 1 is melted, obtains aluminium alloy
Liquation, uses metal die to cast.It is controlled in the way of cooling water inflow reaches 70～100L/ minute.
After obtaining the ingot bar of diameter 220mm, the homogeneity that this ingot bar is implemented at 490 DEG C carrying out heating in 4 hours processes.
This ingot bar is extruded by 1 hole of 500 DEG C, prepares the extrusion pole of diameter 30mm.
The extruded material of this sample, on the basis of the degree of depth away from top layer 50 μm on the cross section vertical with length direction,
The visual field of 100 times of optical microscope is observed central side.4 positions are measured with central angle every 90 degree in the same visual field,
Measure eutectic Si size (Ss) of its maximum.It addition, to the central part in extruded material cross section in the visual field of optical microscope 100 times
Middle observation eutectic Si size (Sc).It should be noted that eutectic Si particle size and number are by Asahi Chemical Industry Engineering strain formula
Commercial firm's software " image analysis software A is as く ん " is analyzed.About surface texture, when drawing surface with the pencil of HB, will not have
Situation about scraping is set to qualified "○", and situation about scraping is set to defective "×".Show the result in table 2.Reach setting
Situation is qualified, it is stipulated that the situation beyond value is defective.
Then, this extrusion pole is carried out at 400 DEG C the annealing of 5 hours, obtains O material.When forging is evaluated, really
Eutectic Si size of accepting and number are in the range of invention.
Then, this extrusion pole is cut with the length of 100mm along its length, implements the upsetting of working modulus 80%.Will
After forged article carries out the solution treatment of 2 hours at 520 DEG C, quench with the warm water of 50 DEG C at once.Carry out at 180 DEG C again
The artificial aging of 10 hours processes, and obtains the quenched of T6.
Here, the working modulus of upsetting is the value carrying out calculating with (r1-r2)/r1 × 100 in Fig. 1 and obtaining.
The above-mentioned tested alloys forged article so obtained is carried out the visual inspection after tension test, upsetting and abrasion
Test.The results are shown in table 3.
(1) outward appearance after upsetting
Observe the outward appearance after 80% upsetting, the situation not observing crackle is set to qualified (=be labeled as "○"), will
Observe that the situation of crackle is set to defective (=be labeled as "×").
(2) tension test
Tension test sheet gathers in the mode extruding the excellent length direction length direction as test film, makes No. JIS4 examination
Test sheet, test.As evaluation, hot strength (TS) is that more than 300MPa is set to qualified, will be less than this value and be set to not conform to
Lattice.
(3) wear test
Specific wear amount is evaluated by big more formula wear test.Here, as experimental condition, lubricating oil is gear oil
(75W-90), making subject material is SCM415, and making frictional distance is 1200m, and making load is 19kgf.Commenting as friction test
Valency, is 5.0 × 10 by specific wear amount-9It is qualified to be below set to, and will exceed this value and be set to defective.
[table 1]
[table 2]
[table 3]
According to table 1 and table 2, the surface texture of the extruded material 1～10 of example of the present invention is good, the extrusion of comparative example 11～17
The surface texture of material is bad.
Example 1～10 of the present invention is owing to composition is in the range of preferably, and therefore, surface texture is good.That is, smooth surface, therefore
Extrudability good, can manufacture with high production rate.
The extruded material of comparative example 11～14,16 and 17 is owing to composition is outside preferred scope, and therefore these extrude materials
There is situation about scraping in material for surface texture, extrudes poor in processability.
The content of the Si of the extruded material of comparative example 11 is many, it addition, the value of Sc-Ss is big.Therefore this extruded material is with regard to surface
There is situation about scraping for character, extrude poor in processability.
The content of the Si of the extruded material of comparative example 12 is few, it addition, the value of Sc-Ss is big.Therefore this extruded material is with regard to surface
There is situation about scraping for character, extrude poor in processability.
The content of Si and Cu of the extruded material of comparative example 13 is few.Therefore this extruded material exists for surface texture
Situation about scraping, extrudes poor in processability.
The content of Si, Cu, Mg and Cr of the extruded material of comparative example 14 is many.Therefore this extruded material is with regard to surface texture
For there is situation about scraping, extrude poor in processability.
The Sr of the extruded material of comparative example 16 outside preferred scope, eutectic Si a size of 20 μm2Following number is many.Therefore
There is situation about scraping in this extruded material for surface texture, extrudes poor in processability.
The content of the extruded material of comparative example 17 Si in the composition is many, and the content of Mg is few, it addition, the value of Sc-Ss is big.Therefore
There is situation about scraping in this extruded material for surface texture, extrudes poor in processability.
The composition of the extruded material of comparative example 15 in the range of, but the value of Sc-Ss is big, and therefore this extruded material is with regard to superficiality
There is situation about scraping for shape, extrude poor in processability.
According to table 3, the outward appearance after the upsetting of example 1～10 of the present invention, hot strength, specific wear amount are all good, comparative example
11～17 is bad.
The hot strength of forged material of example 1～10 of the present invention, specific wear amount are good.It addition, forging excellent processability, because of
This, the outward appearance after upsetting is good.
The content of the forged material of comparative example 11 Si in the composition is many, therefore, observes crackle in appearance after upsetting.
That is, forging poor in processability, bad as forged material.
The content of the forged material of comparative example 12 Si in the composition is few, and therefore, hot strength is deteriorated, and mar proof is deteriorated.
It addition, according to table 2, eutectic Si a size of 20 μm of extruded material2Following number is few, and therefore, mar proof is deteriorated.
The content of the forged material of comparative example 13 Si and Cu in the composition is few, and therefore, hot strength is deteriorated, mar proof
It is deteriorated.The content of the forged material of comparative example 14 Si, Cu, Mg and Cr in the composition is many, therefore, after upsetting in appearance
Observe crackle.That is, forging poor in processability, bad as forged material.
The composition of the forged material of comparative example 15 in the range of, the outward appearance after upsetting, hot strength, specific wear amount are the best
Good, but according to table 2, the extrusion poor in processability of the extruded material of comparative example 15, productivity ratio is bad.Therefore, the forging of comparative example 15
The production rate variance of material.
The content of the forged material of comparative example 16 Si, Cu and Sr in the composition is many, it addition, according to table 2, extruded material
Eutectic Si a size of 20 μm2Following number is many, therefore, observes crackle in appearance after upsetting.That is, forging processability
Difference, bad as forged material.
The content of the forged material of comparative example 17 Si in the composition is many, and the content of Mg is few, therefore, after upsetting in appearance
Observe crackle.That is, forging poor in processability, bad as forged material.
[explanation of symbol]
1 extrusion rod (before forging) completing cutting
2 forging machines
Material height before r1 upsetting
Material height after r2 upsetting
3 rotating rings
4 evaluate material (aluminium alloy)
Claims (2)
1. a mar proof, extrudability, the aluminium alloy of forging excellent processability, it is characterised in that containing Si 5.5～7.0 matter
Amount %, Cu 1.0～2.0 mass %, Mg 0.4～0.8 mass %, Cr 0.05～0.15 mass %, Ni 0.05～0.25 matter
Amount %, surplus is made up of Al and inevitable impurity, the extruded material will observed in the visual field of optical microscope 100 times
The crystallization area of the eutectic Si of the central part in cross section is set to Sc, by with on the cross section vertical with the length direction of extruded material away from
4 portions are measured with central angle every 90 degree on the basis of the degree of depth of top layer 50 μm, in the same visual field of 100 times of optical microscope
When crystallizing area and be set to Ss with the value of maximum therein of the eutectic Si of position, Sc-Ss≤15 μm2, and the crystallization of eutectic Si
Area is 20 μm2Following grain number is 1000～3000/mm2。
2. aluminium alloy as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that possibly together with Sr 0.01～0.05%.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2012/052215 WO2013114582A1 (en) | 2012-02-01 | 2012-02-01 | Aluminum alloy having excellent wear resistance, extrudability, and forging workability |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104160049A CN104160049A (en) | 2014-11-19 |
| CN104160049B true CN104160049B (en) | 2016-09-14 |
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| CN201280068314.4A Active CN104160049B (en) | 2012-02-01 | 2012-02-01 | Mar proof, extrudability, the aluminium alloy of forging excellent processability |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2811041B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN104160049B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2013114582A1 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2018033177A1 (en) * | 2016-08-15 | 2018-02-22 | Ksm Castings Group Gmbh | Al casting alloy |
| CN108193094A (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2018-06-22 | 湖北大旗液压有限公司 | Wear-resistant aluminium alloy material for gear pump floating side plate and preparation method thereof |
| JP7318283B2 (en) * | 2019-04-05 | 2023-08-01 | 株式会社レゾナック | Aluminum alloys for compressor sliding parts and forgings for compressor sliding parts |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102089450A (en) * | 2008-07-14 | 2011-06-08 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Aluminum alloy, method of casting aluminum alloy, and method of producing aluminum alloy product |
| CN102301021A (en) * | 2009-01-27 | 2011-12-28 | 株式会社大纪铝工业所 | Aluminum Alloy For Pressure Casting And Casting Made Of Said Aluminum Alloy |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH01104742A (en) * | 1987-10-16 | 1989-04-21 | Furukawa Alum Co Ltd | Wear-resistant aluminum alloy |
| JPH036345A (en) | 1989-06-02 | 1991-01-11 | Daido Metal Co Ltd | Aluminum-base alloy for sliding use excellent in fatigue resistance and seizure resistance |
| JPH05287427A (en) * | 1992-04-08 | 1993-11-02 | Furukawa Alum Co Ltd | Wear resistant aluminum alloy for cold forging and its manufacture |
| JPH07197164A (en) * | 1993-12-28 | 1995-08-01 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | Aluminum alloy having high strength and high workability and its production |
| JPH0828493A (en) * | 1994-07-14 | 1996-01-30 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | Manufacture of aluminum alloy-made scroll |
| JP3261056B2 (en) * | 1997-01-14 | 2002-02-25 | 住友軽金属工業株式会社 | High-strength wear-resistant aluminum alloy extruded material excellent in ease of forming anodized film and uniformity of film thickness and method for producing the same |
| JP4633972B2 (en) * | 2001-07-17 | 2011-02-16 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | Wear-resistant aluminum alloy elongated body, manufacturing method thereof, and piston for car air conditioner |
| JP3979602B2 (en) * | 2002-02-28 | 2007-09-19 | アイシン軽金属株式会社 | Wear-resistant aluminum alloy having excellent caulking properties and extruded material thereof |
| FR2841164B1 (en) * | 2002-06-25 | 2004-07-30 | Pechiney Aluminium | ALLOY MOLDING WITH HIGH FLUID RESISTANCE |
| EP1715084B1 (en) * | 2003-11-21 | 2019-01-16 | Showa Denko K.K. | Anodized aluminum alloy and manufacturing method thereof |
-
2012
- 2012-02-01 CN CN201280068314.4A patent/CN104160049B/en active Active
- 2012-02-01 WO PCT/JP2012/052215 patent/WO2013114582A1/en active Application Filing
- 2012-02-01 EP EP12867174.0A patent/EP2811041B1/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102089450A (en) * | 2008-07-14 | 2011-06-08 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Aluminum alloy, method of casting aluminum alloy, and method of producing aluminum alloy product |
| CN102301021A (en) * | 2009-01-27 | 2011-12-28 | 株式会社大纪铝工业所 | Aluminum Alloy For Pressure Casting And Casting Made Of Said Aluminum Alloy |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP2811041A1 (en) | 2014-12-10 |
| EP2811041B1 (en) | 2016-07-06 |
| EP2811041A4 (en) | 2015-09-02 |
| CN104160049A (en) | 2014-11-19 |
| WO2013114582A1 (en) | 2013-08-08 |
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