CN104160049A - Aluminum alloy having excellent wear resistance, extrudability, and forging workability - Google Patents
Aluminum alloy having excellent wear resistance, extrudability, and forging workability Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104160049A CN104160049A CN201280068314.4A CN201280068314A CN104160049A CN 104160049 A CN104160049 A CN 104160049A CN 201280068314 A CN201280068314 A CN 201280068314A CN 104160049 A CN104160049 A CN 104160049A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- eutectic
- size
- aluminium alloy
- extrudability
- extruded material
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/002—Extruding materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special extruding methods of sequences
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J1/00—Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
- B21J1/003—Selecting material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
- C22C21/04—Modified aluminium-silicon alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/043—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with silicon as the next major constituent
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
- Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
Abstract
Provided is an aluminum alloy with which not only is improved productivity in terms of extrudability and forging performance realized, but also the necessary properties are satisfied, by optimization of the amount of elements contained in the aluminum alloy. Provided is an aluminum alloy, characterized by comprising 5.5 to 7.0% of Si, 1.0 to 2.0% of Cu, 0.4 to 0.8% of Mg, 0.05 to 0.15% of Cr, 0.05 to 0.25% of Ni, and further, 0.01 to 0.05% of Sr as desired, with the balance being Al and inevitable impurities, wherein when the eutectic Si size at the center in the cross section perpendicular to the lengthwise direction of the extruded material is Sc and the eutectic Si size of the surface layer side is Ss, Sc - Ss < 15 [mu]m2 and the number of particles having a eutectic Si size of 20 [mu]m2 or less is 1,000 to 3,000 particles/mm2.
Description
Technical field
The wearability that the present invention relates to use as parts such as compressors in automobile, family's electrical article etc., extrudability, the aluminium alloy that forges excellent processability.
Background technology
Aluminium alloy for the compressor of automobile, family's electrical article etc. etc. requires wearability etc.For example, for the aluminium alloy of compressor, in order to improve wearability, to dwindle coefficient of thermal expansion, use the Al-Si alloy that is added with the above Si of 10 quality % (being designated hereinafter simply as %).In patent documentation 1, recorded the good slip aluminium alloy of resistance to fatigue and non-coking property.In this aluminium alloy, Si is as contributing to the necessary element of non-coking property, wearability to add 1~15%.But, when the addition of having recorded Si surpasses 15%, aluminium alloy generation embrittlement.
[prior art document]
[patent documentation]
[patent documentation 1] Japanese kokai publication hei 03-006345
Summary of the invention
[problem that invention will solve]
The above-mentioned aluminium alloy for compressor etc. requires wearability, the coefficient of expansion etc. good, therefore, adds in a large number Si.But although raisings such as such aluminium alloy wearability, the coefficients of expansion, likely the processibility such as extrudability reduces and surface texture variation etc.This is because, aluminium alloy has each added more high more unmanageable tendency of constituent concentration forming.In the manufacturing procedure of the Si particularly adding in order to improve wearability in extruding operation, forging process, make productivity reduce.In fact, such aluminium alloy with respect to the desired wearability of parts using, the coefficient of expansion etc. are had this characteristic for the situation of excessive specification more than necessity quite a few.That is, these aluminium alloys not necessarily need wearability etc. significantly good, and therefore, from the viewpoint of productivity, with regard to the necessary characteristics such as wear resistance, preferably according to purposes, controlling it becomes optimum regime.
Therefore,, by the characteristic requiring as required and productivity are in harmonious proportion, do not reduce productivity and obtain having the aluminium alloy of excellent results aspect cost.
Therefore, when producing, suppress productivity variation, the aluminium alloy simultaneously obtaining has necessary characteristic, keeps the exploitation of the aluminium alloy of balance to become problem between the two as far as possible.
In view of the foregoing, the object of the invention is to, provide can produce at Al-Si to be associated the aluminium alloy that can be used for manufacturing forging thing extrudability in gold and that forge excellent processability and maintenance wearability.
[for the method for dealing with problems]
The inventor conducts in-depth research, and result obtains following opinion: by regulating each addition forming, and control eutectic Si size, obtain the aluminium alloy after necessary characteristic and productivity are in harmonious proportion.Find, by following method, realize the object of the invention described above.
; according to the present invention; a kind of wearability, extrudability, the aluminium alloy that forges excellent processability are provided; it is characterized in that; contain Si5.5~7.0 quality % (being designated as below %), Cu1.0~2.0%, Mg0.4~0.8%, Cr0.05~0.15%, Ni0.05~0.25%; surplus consists of Al and inevitable impurity; on the vertical cross section of the length direction with extruded material, the eutectic Si size of central part is made as to Sc; when the eutectic Si size of top layer sidepiece is made as to Ss, Sc-Ss≤15 μ m
2, and eutectic Si size is 20 μ m
2following grain number is 1000~3000/mm
2.
Wearability, extrudability, the aluminium alloy that forges excellent processability are preferably provided, and it also contains Sr 0.01~0.05%.
[invention effect]
The present invention can provide by each of suitable control aluminium alloy and form and eutectic Si size and can produce the aluminum alloy materials for the manufacture of extruded material, forged material extrudability and that forge excellent processability and keep wearability.
Accompanying drawing explanation
[Fig. 1] is the figure that the extrusion pin to manufacturing by extruding forges processing.
Embodiment
Below, embodiments of the present invention are described.
First, the element that respectively adds in aluminium alloy of the present invention is described.
Si contributes to abradability by generating Si compound.In addition, Si forms Mg together with Mg
2si, Si is the element that contributes to intensity.The addition of Si is lower than 5.5% time, a little less than the effect of intensity, wearability.While surpassing 7.0%, surface texture variation, extrudability reduction.
Cu contributes to intensity to improve.The addition of Cu is lower than 1.0% time, and the effect that intensity improves is little, while surpassing 2.0%, extrudes processibility, erosion resistance variation.
Mg forms Mg together with Si
2si, contributes to intensity to improve.The addition of Mg is lower than 0.4% time, and its effect is little.While surpassing 0.8%, extrude processibility and reduce.Preferably Mg is 0.55~0.65%.
Cr is effective to crystal grain microminiaturization, contributes to intensity to improve.The addition of Cr is lower than 0.05% time, and this effect is little.After surpassing 0.15%, its effect does not have in a substantial change.Preferably Cr is 0.07~0.10%.
Ni improves effectively thermotolerance, wearability, also contributes to intensity to improve.The addition of Ni is lower than 0.05% time, and its effect is little.After surpassing 0.25%, its effect does not have in a substantial change, and causes extrudability variation.Preferably Ni is 0.07~0.13%.
The interpolation of Sr and contribute to the raising of mechanical properties.Sr is for the improved treatment of the Si after crystallization, and by adding Sr, the Si after crystallization becomes small form.The addition of Sr is preferably 0.01~0.05%.The addition of Sr is lower than 0.01% time, and its effect is little.While surpassing 0.05%, its effect does not have in a substantial change.
When Fe, Mn are added, with other Element generation compounds, can cause respectively adding the deleterious of element, therefore, the aluminium alloy in the present invention is below 0.5%.
In addition, aluminium alloy of the present invention, except above-mentioned element, also contains inevitable impurity and Al.For example, in not damaging the scope of invention effect, can contain on a small quantity Ti, Zr, Zn.The scope of not damaging invention effect refers to below 0.05%.
Eutectic Si effects on surface proterties, wearability exert an influence, and therefore, the homogeneity of these characteristics is to be decided by the size of the eutectic Si of extruded material and forged material and distribution.That is, aluminium alloy of the present invention is by controlling each content that form such as Si, obtains good extrudabilityly and forge processibility, in addition, by controlling size and the distribution of eutectic Si, prevents by the deviation in the former of surface texture and position thereby the characteristic that causes.Thus, by the present invention, can obtain with high productivity extruded material and the forged material of characteristic homogeneous.
By Ss and Sc are controlled as Sc-Ss≤15 μ m
2, make the surface texture of extruded material good, and can suppress to extrude the skewness of the wearability characteristic of top layer sidepiece and central part.About eutectic Si size, Ss refers to the eutectic Si size of take when the degree of depth of vertical Shang Ju top layer, the cross section 50 μ m of the length direction with extruded material is observed central side in benchmark, the visual field of 100 times at opticmicroscope.Ss measures 4 positions with central angle every 90 degree in the same visual field, with maximum value wherein, is as the criterion.Sc refers to the eutectic Si size of the central part in the extruded material cross section of observing in the visual field of 100 times of opticmicroscopes.Eutectic Si size in the present invention refers to the crystallization area of eutectic Si.
In addition, by making the eutectic Si in extruded material be of a size of 20 μ m
2below, can suppress surperficial roughness.In addition, in order to obtain wearability, the grain number of eutectic Si is 1000~3000/mm
2.The size 20 μ m of eutectic Si
2following grain number is lower than 1000/mm
2time, the effect of the wearability after forging is little.The grain number of eutectic Si surpasses 3000/mm
2time, hinder extrudability and forging processibility.
It should be noted that, about the creating conditions and being modifiedly all not particularly limited of the aluminium alloy in the present invention, modifiedly common creating conditions, according to purposes, select down.
In the situation that using extrusion pin as forged article, the processibility in forging process can exert an influence to the hardness of material.Thus, modified F, T1, the O of being preferably of extrusion pin of the present invention, further preferred modified is O.
In addition, the modified characteristic as required respectively after forging is selected, but is preferably T6 in the present invention.
[embodiment]
Based on embodiment, describe the present invention in detail, but the invention is not restricted to this.
First, in the scope of 700 ℃~740 ℃, heat, the alloy of the composition shown in table 1 is melted, obtain molten aluminium alloy, use metal die to cast.The mode that reaches 70~100L/ minute with cooling water inflow is controlled.
Obtain after the ingot bar of diameter 220mm, this ingot bar is implemented in to the homogeneity processing of carrying out heating in 4 hours at 490 ℃.This ingot bar is extruded by 1 hole of 500 ℃, made the pole of extruding of diameter 30mm.
The extruded material of this sample, the degree of depth of take at the cross section Shang Ju top layer 50 μ ms vertical with length direction is benchmark, in the visual field of 100 times of opticmicroscope, observes central side.In the same visual field, with central angle, every 90 degree, measure 4 positions, measure its maximum eutectic Si size (Ss).In addition, the central part in extruded material cross section is observed in the visual field of 100 times of opticmicroscopes to eutectic Si size (Sc).It should be noted that, eutectic Si particle size and number are analyzed by Engineering Co., Ltd. of Asahi Chemical Industry software processed " image analysis software A is as く ん ".About surface texture, while drawing surface with the pencil of HB, situation about not scraping is made as to qualified " zero ", situation about scraping is made as to defective " * ".Show the result in table 2.The situation that reaches prescribed value is qualified, and the situation beyond prescribed value is defective.
Then, this is extruded to pole and at 400 ℃, carry out the anneal of 5 hours, obtain O material.When forging evaluation, confirmed that eutectic Si size and number are in scope of invention.
Then, this is extruded to pole along its length with the length cutting of 100mm, implement the upsetting of working modulus 80%.Forged article is carried out at 520 ℃, after the solution treatment of 2 hours, with the warm water of 50 ℃, quench at once.The artificial aging of carrying out at 180 ℃ again 10 hours is processed, and obtains the modified of T6.
At this, the working modulus of upsetting is with (r1-r2)/r1 * 100, to calculate and the value that obtains in Fig. 1.
The outward appearance that the above-mentioned tested alloys forged article obtaining is like this carried out after tension test, upsetting is observed and wearing test.The results are shown in table 3.
(1) outward appearance after upsetting
Observe the outward appearance after 80% upsetting, the situation of not observing crackle is made as to qualified (=be labeled as " zero "), the situation of observing crackle is made as to defective (=be labeled as " * ").
(2) tension test
Tension test sheet be take the mode of extruding the length direction that excellent length direction is test film and is gathered, and makes JIS4 test film, tests.As evaluation, tensile strength (TS) is qualified for 300MPa is made as above, will be made as defective lower than this value.
(3) wearing test
By large more formula wearing test, evaluate specific wear amount.At this, as test conditions, lubricating oil is gear oil (75W-90), and making subject material is SCM415, and making frictional distance is 1200m, and making load is 19kgf.As the evaluation of rub(bing)test, by specific wear amount, be 5.0 * 10
-9it is qualified to be below made as, and will be made as over this value defective.
[table 1]
[table 2]
[table 3]
According to table 1 and table 2, the surface texture of the extruded material 1~10 of the inventive example is good, and the surface texture of the extruded material of comparative example 11~17 is bad.
The inventive example 1~10 is owing to forming in preferred scope, and therefore, surface texture is good.That is, smooth surface, therefore extrudability good, can manufacture with high productivity.
Comparative example 11~14,16 and 17 extruded material be owing to forming outside preferred scope, so these extruded materials exist situation about scraping with regard to surface texture, extrudes poor in processability.
The content of the Si of the extruded material of comparative example 11 is many, and in addition, the value of Sc-Ss is large.Therefore there is situation about scraping in this extruded material with regard to surface texture, extrudes poor in processability.
The content of the Si of the extruded material of comparative example 12 is few, and in addition, the value of Sc-Ss is large.Therefore there is situation about scraping in this extruded material with regard to surface texture, extrudes poor in processability.
The Si of the extruded material of comparative example 13 and the content of Cu are few.Therefore there is situation about scraping in this extruded material with regard to surface texture, extrudes poor in processability.
The content of the Si of the extruded material of comparative example 14, Cu, Mg and Cr is many.Therefore there is situation about scraping in this extruded material with regard to surface texture, extrudes poor in processability.
The Sr of the extruded material of comparative example 16 is outside preferable range, and eutectic Si is of a size of 20 μ m
2following number is many.Therefore there is situation about scraping in this extruded material with regard to surface texture, extrudes poor in processability.
The extruded material of comparative example 17 content of Si in composition is many, and the content of Mg is few, and in addition, the value of Sc-Ss is large.Therefore there is situation about scraping in this extruded material with regard to surface texture, extrudes poor in processability.
The composition of the extruded material of comparative example 15 is in scope, but the value of Sc-Ss is large, so this extruded material exists situation about scraping with regard to surface texture, extrudes poor in processability.
According to table 3, the outward appearance after the upsetting of the inventive example 1~10, tensile strength, specific wear amount are all good, and comparative example 11~17 is bad.
The tensile strength of the forged material of the inventive example 1~10, specific wear amount are good.In addition, forge excellent processability, therefore, the outward appearance after upsetting is good.
The forged material of comparative example 11 content of Si in composition is many, therefore, after upsetting, observes in appearance crackle.That is, forge poor in processability, bad as forged material.
The forged material of comparative example 12 content of Si in composition is few, therefore, and tensile strength variation, wearability variation.In addition, according to table 2, the eutectic Si of extruded material is of a size of 20 μ m
2following number is few, therefore, and wearability variation.
The forged material of comparative example 13 content of Si and Cu in composition is few, therefore, and tensile strength variation, wearability variation.The content of the forged material of comparative example 14 Si, Cu, Mg and Cr in composition is many, therefore, after upsetting, observes in appearance crackle.That is, forge poor in processability, bad as forged material.
The composition of the forged material of comparative example 15 is in scope, and the outward appearance after upsetting, tensile strength, specific wear amount are all good, but according to table 2, the extruded material of comparative example 15 extrude poor in processability, productivity is bad.Therefore, the production rate variance of the forged material of comparative example 15.
The forged material of comparative example 16 content of Si, Cu and Sr in composition is many, and in addition, according to table 2, the eutectic Si of extruded material is of a size of 20 μ m
2following number is many, therefore, after upsetting, observes in appearance crackle.That is, forge poor in processability, bad as forged material.
The forged material of comparative example 17 content of Si in composition is many, and the content of Mg is few, therefore, after upsetting, observes in appearance crackle.That is, forge poor in processability, bad as forged material.
[explanation of symbol]
1 complete cutting extrude rod (before forging)
2 swaging machines
Material height before r1 upsetting
Material height after r2 upsetting
3 swiveling rings
4 evaluating materials (aluminium alloy)
Claims (2)
1. a wearability, extrudability, the aluminium alloy that forges excellent processability, it is characterized in that, contain Si5.5~7.0 quality %, Cu1.0~2.0 quality %, Mg0.4~0.8 quality %, Cr0.05~0.15 quality %, Ni0.05~0.25 quality %, surplus consists of Al and inevitable impurity, on the vertical cross section of the length direction with extruded material, by the eutectic Si size of central part be made as Sc, Sc-Ss≤15 μ m when the eutectic Si size of top layer sidepiece is made as to Ss
2, and eutectic Si size is 20 μ m
2following grain number is 1000~3000/mm
2.
2. aluminium alloy as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, also contains Sr0.01~0.05%.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2012/052215 WO2013114582A1 (en) | 2012-02-01 | 2012-02-01 | Aluminum alloy having excellent wear resistance, extrudability, and forging workability |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CN104160049A true CN104160049A (en) | 2014-11-19 |
CN104160049B CN104160049B (en) | 2016-09-14 |
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CN201280068314.4A Active CN104160049B (en) | 2012-02-01 | 2012-02-01 | Mar proof, extrudability, the aluminium alloy of forging excellent processability |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP2811041B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN104160049B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2013114582A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN108193094A (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2018-06-22 | 湖北大旗液压有限公司 | Wear-resistant aluminium alloy material for gear pump floating side plate and preparation method thereof |
CN109642276A (en) * | 2016-08-15 | 2019-04-16 | Ksm铸造集团有限公司 | Ceralumin |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP7318283B2 (en) * | 2019-04-05 | 2023-08-01 | 株式会社レゾナック | Aluminum alloys for compressor sliding parts and forgings for compressor sliding parts |
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JPH01104742A (en) * | 1987-10-16 | 1989-04-21 | Furukawa Alum Co Ltd | Wear-resistant aluminum alloy |
JPH05287427A (en) * | 1992-04-08 | 1993-11-02 | Furukawa Alum Co Ltd | Wear resistant aluminum alloy for cold forging and its manufacture |
JPH0828493A (en) * | 1994-07-14 | 1996-01-30 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | Manufacture of aluminum alloy-made scroll |
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CN102301021A (en) * | 2009-01-27 | 2011-12-28 | 株式会社大纪铝工业所 | Aluminum Alloy For Pressure Casting And Casting Made Of Said Aluminum Alloy |
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JPH036345A (en) | 1989-06-02 | 1991-01-11 | Daido Metal Co Ltd | Aluminum-base alloy for sliding use excellent in fatigue resistance and seizure resistance |
JPH07197164A (en) * | 1993-12-28 | 1995-08-01 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | Aluminum alloy having high strength and high workability and its production |
JP4633972B2 (en) * | 2001-07-17 | 2011-02-16 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | Wear-resistant aluminum alloy elongated body, manufacturing method thereof, and piston for car air conditioner |
DE60230678D1 (en) * | 2002-02-28 | 2009-02-12 | Aisin Keikinzoku Co Ltd | ABRASIVE ALUMINUM ALLOY WITH EXCELLENT STACKING BEHAVIOR AND STRUCTURED PRODUCT MANUFACTURED FROM IT |
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EP1715084B1 (en) * | 2003-11-21 | 2019-01-16 | Showa Denko K.K. | Anodized aluminum alloy and manufacturing method thereof |
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2012
- 2012-02-01 EP EP12867174.0A patent/EP2811041B1/en active Active
- 2012-02-01 CN CN201280068314.4A patent/CN104160049B/en active Active
- 2012-02-01 WO PCT/JP2012/052215 patent/WO2013114582A1/en active Application Filing
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JPH01104742A (en) * | 1987-10-16 | 1989-04-21 | Furukawa Alum Co Ltd | Wear-resistant aluminum alloy |
JPH05287427A (en) * | 1992-04-08 | 1993-11-02 | Furukawa Alum Co Ltd | Wear resistant aluminum alloy for cold forging and its manufacture |
JPH0828493A (en) * | 1994-07-14 | 1996-01-30 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | Manufacture of aluminum alloy-made scroll |
JPH10204566A (en) * | 1997-01-14 | 1998-08-04 | Sumitomo Light Metal Ind Ltd | Aluminum alloy material excellent in anodic oxidation treatment property and having high strength and wear resistance, and its production |
CN102089450A (en) * | 2008-07-14 | 2011-06-08 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Aluminum alloy, method of casting aluminum alloy, and method of producing aluminum alloy product |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN109642276A (en) * | 2016-08-15 | 2019-04-16 | Ksm铸造集团有限公司 | Ceralumin |
CN108193094A (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2018-06-22 | 湖北大旗液压有限公司 | Wear-resistant aluminium alloy material for gear pump floating side plate and preparation method thereof |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2811041B1 (en) | 2016-07-06 |
EP2811041A1 (en) | 2014-12-10 |
EP2811041A4 (en) | 2015-09-02 |
CN104160049B (en) | 2016-09-14 |
WO2013114582A1 (en) | 2013-08-08 |
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