CN104159782A - 用于边缘保护的耐磨衬里元件及其制造方法 - Google Patents

用于边缘保护的耐磨衬里元件及其制造方法 Download PDF

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CN104159782A
CN104159782A CN201280063857.7A CN201280063857A CN104159782A CN 104159782 A CN104159782 A CN 104159782A CN 201280063857 A CN201280063857 A CN 201280063857A CN 104159782 A CN104159782 A CN 104159782A
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A·布斯特伦
J·汉森
H·派森
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Metso Sweden AB
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Abstract

本发明涉及耐磨衬里元件(3),其用于经受磨损的表面(4)并具有朝向外侧的表面(5),例如压碎的矿石和压碎的岩石材料等呈碎片或颗粒形式的材料将会在该表面上移动。耐磨衬里元件(3)包括弹性体材料,并且其特征在于,所述耐磨衬里元件具有金属型材(6),所述金属型材通过硫化作用或硬化作用而沿耐磨衬里元件(3)的边缘(7)至少部分地嵌入。本发明还涉及耐磨衬里(2)、货车运输车身(1)以及耐磨衬里元件(3)的制造方法。

Description

用于边缘保护的耐磨衬里元件及其制造方法
技术领域
本发明涉及旨在用于经受磨损的表面的耐磨衬里元件。本发明还涉及耐磨衬里、货车运输车身以及耐磨衬里元件的制造方法。
背景技术
耐磨衬里是公知的并用于滑槽和卡车平台来用于保护基座。它们通常由天然的或合成的橡胶组成,并防止受到硬物的硬冲击,以及防止因在耐磨衬里元件的表面上移动并与耐磨衬里元件的表面接触而施加的磨损。相对软的橡胶材料提供良好的耐磨性,但是为了防止硬冲击穿透该耐磨衬里元件,这必须有大的厚度。较硬的橡胶材料提供较好的冲击保护,但是更易受磨蚀影响。因此,开发出耐磨衬里元件,其中不同材料被组合在元件的朝向外侧的表面中,呈碎片或颗粒形式的材料(例如压碎的矿石和压碎的岩石材料)在该表面上趋于移动。
当为了保护表面(例如货车运输车身上的表面)不磨损而使用这样的耐磨衬里元件时,一个问题是,通过在耐磨衬里元件的边缘与所述边缘所抵靠的表面之间行进,材料趋于在耐磨衬里元件之下找到其路径。这是一个问题,因为材料将逐渐使耐磨衬里元件与其附接的表面松开,使得耐磨衬里元件最终将脱离。另外,货车将承载不需要的重量,从而导致比必要时更高的燃料消耗及进而更高的成本。另一问题涉及防止耐磨衬里元件的上部未受保护的外边缘受到大的磨损,因为暴露于磨损材料的拐角将磨平/撕脱并使耐磨衬里元件的上部削弱。
通常,该问题通过沿耐磨衬里元件的边缘添加金属件来解决,金属件旨在覆盖耐磨衬里元件的所述边缘与附接耐磨衬里元件时抵靠所述边缘的表面之间的潜在距离。在货车运输车身的情况下,例如,借助焊接和螺栓连接,金属件被设置在耐磨衬里元件的所述边缘与货车运输车身的侧壁之间。
然而,上面提到的解决方案伴随有问题。安装额外的金属件使得安装过程昂贵且耗时,而耗时进一步使其昂贵。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供上述技术和现有技术的改进。更具体地,本发明的目的是提供一种改进的耐磨衬里元件,缩短耐磨衬里元件的安装时间并减少防止磨损的表面的其它必要细节。进一步,本发明的目的是提供一种耐磨衬里、货车运输车身以及制造耐磨衬里元件的方法。
从本发明的以下描述中将变得显而易见的这些和其它目的以及优点通过根据独立权利要求所述的耐磨衬里元件获得,该耐磨衬里元件用于经受磨损的表面。
提供一种用于经受磨损的表面的耐磨衬里元件。耐磨衬里元件具有朝向外侧的表面,例如压碎的矿石和压碎的岩石材料等呈碎片或颗粒形式的材料将会在该表面上移动。耐磨衬里元件包括弹性体材料,并且其特征在于具有金属型材,通过硫化作用或硬化作用使金属型材沿耐磨衬里元件的边缘至少部分地嵌入。有利之处在于,因为金属型材被嵌入耐磨衬里,所以将便于现在整体形成的零件的安装。因为若干耐磨衬里元件应附接到经受磨损的表面,所以待安装的零件的数量从两个减为一个。自然地,由于最小化待安装的零件,所以安装时间将缩短,并降低总体成本。
金属型材可焊接,其有利之处在于,金属型材可抵靠表面焊接,以确保附接到该表面。优选地,金属型材由钢制成。
金属型材可具有L形、T形或V形,它们是金属型材的优选实施例。
金属型材可沿耐磨衬里元件的边缘完全嵌入,这样提供金属型材与耐磨衬里元件之间的特别固定。
耐磨衬里元件可优选地由橡胶或聚氨酯制成。这是本发明的优选实施例,其给出耐磨衬里的期望耐磨性。
耐磨衬里元件可包括主要适于抵抗磨损的多个相邻的耐磨构件,其有利之处在于,耐磨衬里元件可用作模块系统。因此,耐磨衬里元件将更容易安装到货车运输车身。另外,当单个耐磨构件被磨平时可更换,而不必更换整个耐磨衬里元件。
根据本发明的第二方案,本发明涉及包括至少一个根据上述特征的耐磨衬里元件的耐磨衬里。
根据本发明的第三方案,本发明涉及内衬有至少一个根据上述特征的耐磨衬里的、由金属材料制成的货车运输车身。
根据本发明的第四方案,本发明涉及耐磨衬里元件的制造方法。该方法包括在模具中设置金属型材、在设置该金属型材之后任选的时间点将弹性体材料供应到模具以及硫化或硬化弹性体材料,使得金属型材沿耐磨衬里的边缘嵌入。
该方法可还包括在模具中设置金属型材的步骤之前,用黏性溶液涂布金属型材。其有利之处在于,金属型材将更好地粘附到耐磨衬里元件的弹性体材料。
该方法可还包括,在模具中设置金属型材的步骤之前,使金属型材设有至少一个空腔,例如孔,用于帮助所述金属型材6的机械锁定。这样,当弹性体材料供应到模具时,弹性体材料将填充金属型材的孔,以使金属型材更好地附接到耐磨衬里元件。
总体上,除非本文另外明确地限定,权利要求书中使用的所有术语根据它们在技术领域中的普遍意思解释。所有涉及“一个(元件、装置、部件、工具等)”应开放地解释为涉及所述元件、装置、部件、工具等的至少一种情况,除非另外明确地说明。而且,在本申请全文中,术语“包括”意味着“包括但不限于”。
附图说明
通过以下参照附图的本发明的优选实施例的说明性和非限制性的详细描述,本发明的以上以及附加的目的、特征和优点将更好理解,附图中相同的附图标记将用于相似的元件,其中:
图1a是具有耐磨衬里的货车运输车身的立体图,耐磨衬里包括多个耐磨衬里元件,
图1b是根据本发明的第一示例性实施例的耐磨衬里元件的立体图,
图2a是具有耐磨衬里的货车运输车身的立体图,该耐磨衬里包括多个耐磨衬里元件,
图2b是根据本发明的第二示例性实施例的耐磨衬里元件的立体图,
图3是包括多个具有T形金属型材的耐磨衬里元件的货车运输车身的示意图,
图4是包括多个具有L形金属型材的耐磨衬里元件的货车运输车身的示意图,以及
图5和图6是具有V形金属型材的耐磨衬里元件的立体图。
具体实施方式
图1a示出包括耐磨衬里2的、由金属材料制成的货车运输车身1。耐磨衬里2由多个耐磨衬里元件3构成。耐磨元件3沿货车运输车身1的基础表面4设置。
在图1b中,图1b示出了根据本发明的第一示例性实施例的耐磨衬里元件3。耐磨衬里元件3用于经受磨损的货车运输车身1的表面4。耐磨衬里元件3具有朝向外侧的表面5,呈碎片或颗粒形式的材料(例如压碎的矿石和压碎的岩石材料)在该表面5上移动或冲击。耐磨衬里元件3包括弹性体材料并优选地由橡胶或聚氨酯制成。耐磨衬里元件3具有金属型材6,该金属型材借助硫化作用或硬化作用而沿耐磨衬里元件3的边缘7部分嵌入。当耐磨衬里元件3由橡胶制成时,用硫化作用来嵌入金属型材6。当耐磨衬里元件3由聚氨酯制成时,用硬化作用来嵌入金属型材6。金属型材6沿一个边缘8露出,以便可焊接到货车运输车身1的侧壁。除金属型材6的露出边缘8之外,所述金属型材6完全嵌入在耐磨衬里元件3中。优选地,金属型材6由钢制成。由于金属型材6借助硫化或硬化固定到耐磨衬里元件3并进而焊接到货车运输车身1的侧壁,所以货车运输车身1装载的材料不可能落在耐磨衬里元件3的边缘7与抵靠所述边缘7的表面4之间而在耐磨衬里元件3之下找到路径。因此,材料被卡在耐磨衬里元件3与货车运输车身1的表面4之间而使耐磨衬里元件3与表面4逐渐松脱的问题得以消除。
图2a示出包括耐磨衬里2的、由金属材料制成的货车运输车身1。耐磨衬里2由多个耐磨衬里元件3构成。耐磨元件3沿货车运输车身1的基础表面4设置。
在图2b中,图2b示出了根据本发明的第二示例性实施例的耐磨衬里元件3。根据该实施例的耐磨衬里元件3用于货车运输车身1的表面4的端边缘9。耐磨衬里元件3具有朝向外侧的表面5,呈碎片或颗粒形式的材料(例如压碎的矿石和压碎的岩石材料)在该表面上移动或冲击。耐磨衬里元件3包括弹性体材料并优选地由橡胶或聚氨酯制成。耐磨衬里元件3具有金属型材6,该金属型材借助硫化作用或硬化作用沿耐磨衬里元件3的边缘7嵌入。金属型材6沿一个边缘8露出。除金属型材6的露出边缘8之外,所述金属型材6完全嵌入在耐磨衬里元件3中。优选地,金属型材6由钢制成。在货车运输车身1卸载期间,材料自然地移动越过表面4,并当到达货车运输车身1的端部时,材料经过表面4的端边缘9。因此,覆盖表面4的端边缘9的耐磨衬里元件3受到严重磨损,由于所述磨损,耐磨衬里元件3会有最终脱离表面4的风险。进一步,由于该磨损,整个耐磨衬里元件3会有最终脱离表面4的风险。金属型材6将使耐磨衬里元件3保持在原位并起防止耐磨衬里元件3脱离表面4的作用。
图3示出了包括多个具有T形金属型材6的耐磨衬里元件3的货车运输车身1。T形金属型材6倾斜90°,使得其顶部能够借助例如焊接、螺丝连接或螺栓连接而附接到货车运输车身1的侧壁之一。T形金属型材6的基部被用于保护耐磨衬里元件3的弹性体材料,并且还防止材料在货车运输车身1的侧壁与耐磨衬里元件3之间行进。T形金属型材6可通过在它的任一侧上的T形金属型材的顶部与底部之间添加三角形的金属零件来加固。
在图4中,示出了包括多个具有L形金属型材6的耐磨衬里元件3的货车运输车身1。L形金属型材6的一个支柱借助例如焊接、螺钉连接或螺栓连接附接到货车运输车身1的侧壁之一。L形金属型材6的另一个支柱被用于保护耐磨衬里元件3的弹性体材料,并且还防止材料在货车运输车身1的侧壁与耐磨衬里元件3之间行进。L形金属型材6可通过在L形金属型材6的两个支柱之间添加例如三角形的金属零件来加固。
图5和图6示出具有V形金属型材6的耐磨衬里元件3。V形金属型材6倾斜90°,使得两个支柱中的一个或两个的顶部能够借助例如焊接、螺钉连接或螺栓连接而附接到货车运输车身1的侧壁之一。V形金属型材6可通过在V形金属型材6的两个支柱之间添加例如三角形的金属零件来加固。
金属型材6也可完全嵌入在耐磨衬里元件3中。
耐磨衬里元件3的金属型材6可以任何合适的方式附接到货车运输车身1,例如通过焊接、螺钉连接或螺栓连接。
具有高度耐磨性的材料(例如陶瓷)可嵌入在耐磨衬里元件3中,以便防止磨损。
以上已经参照几个实施例大概描述了本发明。然而,如本领域的技术人员容易理解的,除以上公开内容之外的其它实施例同样处于随附权利要求书限定的本发明的范围内。

Claims (15)

1.一种耐磨衬里元件(3),用于经受磨损的表面(4)并具有朝向外侧的表面(5),诸如压碎的矿石和压碎的岩石材料等的呈碎片或颗粒形式的材料将会在所述朝向外侧的表面上移动,所述耐磨衬里元件(3)包括弹性体材料,其特征在于,所述耐磨衬里元件(3)具有金属型材(6),所述金属型材通过硫化作用或硬化作用而沿所述耐磨衬里元件(3)的边缘(7)至少部分地嵌入。
2.根据权利要求1所述的耐磨衬里元件(3),其中所述金属型材(6)能够被焊接。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的耐磨衬里元件(3),其中所述金属型材(6)由钢制成。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的耐磨衬里元件(3),其中所述金属型材(6)具有L形。
5.根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的耐磨衬里元件(3),其中所述金属型材(6)具有T形。
6.根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的耐磨衬里元件(3),其中所述金属型材(6)具有V形。
7.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的耐磨衬里元件(3),其中所述金属型材(6)沿所述耐磨衬里元件(3)的所述边缘(7)被完全地嵌入。
8.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的耐磨衬里元件(3),其中所述耐磨衬里元件(3)由橡胶制成。
9.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的耐磨衬里元件(3),其中所述耐磨衬里元件(3)由聚氨酯制成。
10.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的耐磨衬里元件(3),其中所述耐磨衬里元件(3)包括多个主要适于抵抗磨损的相邻的耐磨构件。
11.一种弹性体材料的耐磨衬里(2),包括至少一个如权利要求1-7中任一项所述的耐磨衬里元件(3)。
12.一种货车运输车身(1),内衬有至少一个如权利要求8所述的耐磨衬里(2)。
13.一种耐磨衬里元件(3)的制造方法,包括:
在模具中设置金属型材(6),
在设置所述金属型材(6)之后的任选时间点,将弹性体材料供应到所述模具,以及
硫化或硬化所述弹性体材料,使得所述金属型材(6)沿所述耐磨衬里元件(3)的边缘(7)被嵌入。
14.根据权利要求10所述的方法,还包括,在模具中设置金属型材(6)的步骤之前,为所述金属型材(6)涂布黏性溶液。
15.根据权利要求10或11所述的方法,还包括,在模具中设置金属型材(6)的步骤之前,使所述金属型材(6)设有至少一个诸如孔等的空腔,以有助于所述金属型材(6)的机械锁定。
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