CN104157330B - Crystal silicon solar energy battery aluminium paste aluminium powder, preparation method and the solar cell containing the aluminium powder - Google Patents
Crystal silicon solar energy battery aluminium paste aluminium powder, preparation method and the solar cell containing the aluminium powder Download PDFInfo
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- CN104157330B CN104157330B CN201410369114.3A CN201410369114A CN104157330B CN 104157330 B CN104157330 B CN 104157330B CN 201410369114 A CN201410369114 A CN 201410369114A CN 104157330 B CN104157330 B CN 104157330B
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of crystal silicon solar energy battery aluminium paste aluminium powder and its composition and preparation method, the crystal silicon solar energy battery aluminium paste aluminium powder, including 94.5~99 parts by weight aluminium powders, 0.01~0.50 parts by weight boron powder and 0.5~5.0 parts by weight of silica powder.The present invention provide by adding D in aluminium powder used50≤ 1 micron of silica and D50≤ 1 micron of boron powder, passes through the addition of the two so that using that can form re-diffusion during aluminium oar sintering made from the aluminium powder and avoid aluminium lamination excess shrinkage, so as to improve conversion efficiency and significantly reduce warpage.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to area of solar cell, especially, it is related to a kind of crystal silicon solar energy battery aluminium paste aluminium powder, system
Preparation Method and the solar cell containing the aluminium powder.
Background technology
Solar cell be it is a kind of can convert solar energy into the semiconductor devices of electric energy, solar cell receives sunshine
It can be produced after irradiation and electric current is produced inside it, it is current generated to be exported by electrode.Due to cost considerations, battery production institute
The silicon chip more and more thinner used, from 220 traditional microns, declines 160 microns till now, produces solar cell
Required raw material aluminium oar is in use, it is necessary to be subjected to high temperature sintering, after oversintering, due to the linear expansion coefficient phase of aluminium and silicon
Difference is huge, and (coefficient of expansion of aluminium is 232 × 10 at 20-300 DEG C-7/ DEG C, at 20-300 DEG C the coefficient of expansion of silicon be 26 ×
10-7/ DEG C), cause the aluminium flake warpage after sintering serious, BSF layers of formation imperfection of back surface field of solar cell cause the gained sun
Energy battery conversion efficiency is low.
Disclose in the prior art and a kind of low warpage aluminium paste of high temperature resistant, the aluminium are disclosed in a kind of CN201310117504.7
Oar include 60 parts~80 parts ball aluminum powders, 0.5 part~6 parts secret glass frits, 0.01~3 part of inorganic additive, 15~35 parts have
Airborne body, wherein inorganic additive tungsten wire array, vanadic acid zirconium and basic zirconium phosphate, organic carrier by 10~99 parts of intermediates, 1~89 part it is dilute
Release agent, 0.1~5 part of thixotropic agent BYK410,0.1~5 part of dispersant B YK180 composition.Intermediate is made up of polymer with solvent.
Aluminium oar composition is complicated, and plurality of composition needs to be manufactured separately.And warpage is 1.1~0.5mm after the preparation of gained aluminium oar, is stuck up
It is bent larger.
The content of the invention
Present invention aims at provide a kind of crystal silicon solar energy battery aluminium paste aluminium powder, preparation method and contain the aluminium powder
Solar cell, to solve the serious technical problem of warpage after crystal silicon solar energy battery is sintered with aluminium oar in the prior art.
To achieve the above object, according to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a kind of crystal silicon solar energy battery aluminium paste is used
Al powder mixt, including aluminium powder, boron powder and silicon dioxide powder, wherein boron powder footpath are D50≤ 1 micron；Silica particle diameter is
D50≤ 1 micron.
Further, including the aluminium powder of 94.5~99 parts by weight, the boron powder of 0.01~0.50 parts by weight and 0.5~5.0 weight
Measure the silicon dioxide powder of part.
Further, by 94.5~99 parts by weight aluminium powders, 0.01~0.50 parts by weight boron powder and 0.5~5.0 parts by weight two
Silica powder is constituted.
Further, it is made up of 97.9 parts by weight aluminium powders, 0.10 parts by weight boron powder and 2.0 parts by weight of silica powder.
Further, the silica coefficient of expansion is calculated as 120 × 10 with quartz crystal-7/℃。
Further, purity >=99.90% of boron powder, boron powder water content≤0.1%；The purity of silica >=
98.50%, silica water content≤0.1%.
A kind of preparation method of above-mentioned aluminium powder is additionally provided according to another aspect of the present invention, by aluminium powder, boron powder, titanium dioxide
Silica flour is well mixed to obtain aluminium powder.
Further, blend step is mixed 0.5~2 hour in V-Mixer.
The crystal silicon solar electricity being made of above-mentioned al powder mixt is additionally provided according to another aspect of the present invention
Pond.
Further, the warpage of crystal silicon solar energy battery is 0.2mm, and conversion ratio is 18.7%.
The invention has the advantages that：
The present invention provide by adding D in aluminium powder used50≤ 1 micron of silica and D50≤ 1 micron of boron
Powder, passes through the addition of the two so that using during aluminium oar sintering, silica is not up to molten condition, keeps away made from the aluminium powder
The edge transition for exempting from aluminium flake shrinks, so as to reduce warpage.
In addition to objects, features and advantages described above, the present invention also has other objects, features and advantages.
The present invention is further detailed explanation below.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with reference to embodiments, but the present invention can be defined by the claims and cover
Multitude of different ways implement.
The aluminium powder that the present invention is provided includes 94.5~99 parts by weight aluminium powders, 0.01~0.50 parts by weight boron powder and 0.5~5.0
Parts by weight of silica powder.
Silicon dioxide powder
Under peak temperature of the aluminium powder in sintering process, melt, reappear to form aluminium film in follow-up quick refrigeration,
Because the coefficient of expansion of the aluminium at 20~300 DEG C is 232 × 10-7/ DEG C, the coefficient of expansion of crystalline silicon is 26 × 10-7/ DEG C, the two
Coefficient of expansion gap is larger, in sintering process, forms aluminium film surface and shrinks serious, so as to produce larger warpage.In aluminium
The silica added in powder, the coefficient of expansion is 120 × 10 in terms of quartz crystal-7/ DEG C, the coefficient of expansion is between aluminium and silicon.
During sintering, silica cools down generation again contraction after melting is smaller, so as to reduce warpage.Silica used in simultaneously
Fusing point is 1670 DEG C.And the temperature peak in sintering process is 720 DEG C.Even if temperature reaches peak value in sintering process, it is filled in
Micro melting also can only occur for the silica in aluminium powder, and it is low that the silica after melting cools down back edge shrinkage degree again.Together
When the silica not melted that is added thereto can also can completely cut off aluminium film and crystal silicon layer so that the aluminium of high expansion coefficient with
The silica contact of the median coefficient of expansion so that contraction that aluminium film is produced on the contact surface is reduced, it is to avoid aluminium film directly with
The high shrinkage that crystalline silicon contact is caused.Reduce warpage.Improve conversion ratio.
Boron powder
Itself boron element is doped with crystalline silicon, when the aluminium oar that boron powder is added in sintering process is contacted with crystalline silicon
When, the boron atom in aluminium oar is permeated to crystal silicon layer, and the higher region of boron concentration is formed on aluminium oar and crystalline silicon contact surface.Should
The presence in region can reduce the recombination probability of minority carrier, improve open-circuit voltage.So as to improve gained solar cell
Conversion efficiency.The infiltration of boron powder can also promote the combination of silica and crystalline silicon simultaneously, it is preferably played isolation aluminium film
With the effect of crystalline silicon.So as to further reduce warpage.
Silica and boron powder are added in aluminium oar in this ratio can play the effect above.The titanium dioxide added in this ratio
Silicon and boron powder, which can also add other, can improve the material of aluminium powder performance.
It is preferred that by 94.5~99 parts by weight aluminium powders, 0.01~0.50 parts by weight boron powder and 0.5~5.0 parts by weight of silica
Powder is constituted.The synergy that now silica and boron powder are played reach it is more excellent so that by the warpage of gained solar cell
Reduction.
More preferably it is made up of 97.9 parts by weight aluminium powders, 0.10 parts by weight boron powder and 2.0 parts by weight of silica powder.Now
The synergy of silica and boron powder is optimal, so that the warpage of gained solar cell be minimized, reaches
0.2mm.Conversion ratio reaches 18.7%.
The particle diameter of silicon dioxide powder and boron powder is preferably that boron powder footpath is D50≤1 micron；Silica particle diameter is D50≤1
Micron.Using the silicon dioxide powder of the particle diameter, its diffusion in aluminium oar is optimal, and effectively can uniformly expand in aluminium oar
Dissipate, so as to preferably play the effect for stopping, isolating aluminium powder and crystalline silicon.The boron powder of the particle diameter can preferably penetrate into crystal
In silicon, so that the effect for improving its open-circuit voltage is played, while silica can more effectively be assisted to aluminium powder and crystalline silicon
Contact interface spreads.
It is preferred to use the silica coefficient of expansion and is calculated as 120 × 10 with quartz crystal-7/℃.It now can guarantee that silica
After being melted in sintering process, shrink smaller, preferably play the effect of isolation aluminium powder and crystalline silicon.
Silica and boron powder are pure using conventional chemical, it is preferred to use purity >=99.90% of boron powder, boron powder is aqueous
Amount≤0.1%；Purity >=98.50% of silica, silica water content≤0.1%.Using the boron powder of the purity and two
Silica both reduces cost, in turn ensure that using effect.Also be avoided that excessive moisture is introduced simultaneously, reduction silica and
Diffusion of the boron powder in aluminium powder.
Another aspect of the present invention additionally provides a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned aluminium powder, by aluminium powder, boron powder, silicon dioxide powder
It is well mixed to obtain aluminium powder.The aluminium powder that the present invention is provided prepares simplicity, and be well mixed to play a role.It is preferred that mixing step
Suddenly mixed 0.5~2 hour in V-Mixer.Mixed by this condition, can guarantee that well mixed, it is to avoid energy loss, carry
High mixing efficiency.
Another aspect of the present invention additionally provides a kind of crystal silicon solar energy battery using above-mentioned aluminium powder.The crystalline silicon is too
The warpage of positive energy battery is 0.2mm, and conversion ratio is 18.7%.
Embodiment
Material used and equipment are commercially available in following examples and comparative example.
The formula of aluminium oar, the preparation method of aluminium oar in following examples, preparation method, the cell piece warpage of solar cell
Detection method, conversion ratio detection method are carried out according to the method disclosed in CN201010560269.7.Aluminium powder mixing uses V-type
Mixing will.Angularity is detected using clearance gauge.Conversion efficiency is detected using cell piece automatic tester
Embodiment 1
With 94.5 parts by weight aluminium powders, 0.01 parts by weight boron powder, 0.5 parts by weight of silica powder and 1 parts by weight bismuth glass
Powder is raw material, and boron powder footpath is D50=1 micron；Silica particle diameter is D50=1 micron.The silica coefficient of expansion is with quartz
Crystal is calculated as 120 × 10-7/℃.The purity 99.90% of boron powder, boron powder water content 0.1%；The purity 98.50% of silica,
Silica water content 0.1%.
Add in mixer and mix 1 hour, obtain aluminium powder.
Embodiment 2
Using 94.5 parts by weight aluminium powders, 0.01 parts by weight boron powder, 0.5 parts by weight of silica powder as raw material, boron powder footpath is
D50=0.7 micron；Silica particle diameter is D50=0.5 micron.The silica coefficient of expansion is calculated as 120 × 10 with quartz crystal-7/℃.The purity 99.99% of boron powder, boron powder water content 0.07%；The purity 99.50% of silica, silica water content
0.08%.
Add in mixer and mix 0.5 hour, obtain aluminium powder.
Embodiment 3
With 99 parts by weight aluminium powders, 0.50 parts by weight boron powder, 5.0 parts by weight of silica powder and 1 parts by weight bismuth glass powder
For raw material, boron powder footpath is D50=0.5 micron；Silica particle diameter is D50=0.4 micron.The silica coefficient of expansion is with stone
English crystal is calculated as 120 × 10-7/℃.The purity 99.99% of boron powder, boron powder water content 0.05%；The purity of silica
99.90%, silica water content 0.07%.
Add in mixer and mix 2 hours, obtain aluminium powder.
Embodiment 4
Using 99 parts by weight aluminium powders, 0.50 parts by weight boron powder, 5.0 parts by weight of silica powder as raw material, boron powder footpath is D50
=1 micron；Silica particle diameter is D50=1 micron.The silica coefficient of expansion is calculated as 120 × 10 with quartz crystal-7/℃.Boron
The purity 99.90% of powder, boron powder water content 0.1%；The purity 98.70% of silica, silica water content 0.1%.
Add in mixer and mix 1.5 hours, obtain aluminium powder.
Embodiment 5
Difference with embodiment 4 is：Raw material is by 97.9 parts by weight aluminium powders, 0.10 parts by weight boron powder and 2.0 parts by weight
Silicon dioxide powder is constituted.
Comparative example 1
Difference with embodiment 4 is：Silica is not added.
Comparative example 2
Difference with embodiment 4 is：Boron powder is not added.
Comparative example 3
Difference with embodiment 4 is：Silica, boron powder are not added.
Gained aluminium powder is used for turning for the crystal silicon solar cell sheet prepared in embodiment 1~5 and comparative example 1~3
Rate and warpage, data result are listed in Table 1 below.
The conversion ratio and warpage results table of cell piece is made in the embodiment 1~5 of table 1 and the gained aluminium powder of comparative example 1~3
, can turning gained solar battery sheet by being added in aluminium powder after boron powder and silicon dioxide powder from table 1
Rate and warpage are greatly reduced, so as to play a part of improving gained solar cell properties.Institute's total in embodiment 1~5
After the aluminium powder provided according to can be seen that using the present invention, warpage is reduced to 0.2mm, and transformation efficiency is significantly improved.And be not used
Gained in solar cell comparative example 3 obtained by silica, boron powder, its warpage reaches 1.5mm, and conversion ratio is relatively low.And only add
Plus any of which, it can not play and effectively reduce cell piece warpage, improve the effect of conversion ratio, it can be seen that, boron powder
There is synergy with silica, individually addition can not play the reduction warpage, improve the effect of conversion ratio.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are these are only, are not intended to limit the invention, for those skilled in the art
For member, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Any modification within the spirit and principles of the invention, being made,
Equivalent substitution, improvement etc., should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of crystal silicon solar energy battery aluminium paste al powder mixt, it is characterised in that the al powder mixt include aluminium powder,
Boron powder and silicon dioxide powder, wherein the boron powder footpath is D50≤ 1 micron；The silica particle diameter is D50≤ 1 micron；Institute
State aluminium powder of the al powder mixt including 94.5~99 parts by weight, the boron powder of 0.01~0.50 parts by weight and 0.5~5.0 parts by weight
Silicon dioxide powder.
2. al powder mixt according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the al powder mixt is by 94.5~99 parts by weight
Aluminium powder, 0.01~0.50 parts by weight boron powder and 0.5~5.0 parts by weight of silica powder composition.
3. al powder mixt according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the al powder mixt is by 97.9 parts by weight aluminium
Powder, 0.10 parts by weight boron powder and 2.0 parts by weight of silica powder composition.
4. al powder mixt according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the silica coefficient of expansion is with quartz crystal
It is calculated as 120 × 10-7/℃。
5. al powder mixt according to claim 4, it is characterised in that purity >=99.90% of the boron powder, the boron
Powder water content≤0.1%；Purity >=98.50% of the silica, silica water content≤0.1%.
6. the preparation method of al powder mixt any one of a kind of Claims 1 to 5, it is characterised in that by aluminium powder, boron
Powder, silicon dioxide powder are well mixed to obtain the al powder mixt.
7. method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the blend step mixes 0.5~2 in V-Mixer
Hour.
8. a kind of crystal silicon solar energy battery being made of such as al powder mixt according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
9. solar cell according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the warpage of the crystal silicon solar energy battery≤
0.5mm。
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| CN103123812A (en) * | 2013-02-20 | 2013-05-29 | 江苏晨电太阳能光电科技有限公司 | Crystalline silicon solar cell aluminum paste |
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