CN104153792B - A kind of energy-absorbing being applicable to weak broken wall rock allows presses tunnel support system and method - Google Patents
A kind of energy-absorbing being applicable to weak broken wall rock allows presses tunnel support system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104153792B CN104153792B CN201410356142.1A CN201410356142A CN104153792B CN 104153792 B CN104153792 B CN 104153792B CN 201410356142 A CN201410356142 A CN 201410356142A CN 104153792 B CN104153792 B CN 104153792B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of energy-absorbing being applicable to weak broken wall rock and allow pressure tunnel support system and method, comprising some, structures consistent with tunnel cross-section shape is the grid steel frame of enclosed construction, steel pipe is installed in barrier steelframe, energy absorption device is pressed to be connected by allowing of a kind of sealing between steel pipe with barrier steelframe, grid steel frame, steel pipe and the sectional shelf-unit allowing pressure energy absorption device form, its interval in tunnel moderate distance is arranged, and is connected between the sectional shelf-unit be connected by longitudinal beam; Be provided with preformed hole every a certain distance symmetry on longitudinal beam, the anchor pole of Shi Hanzhang or anchor cable and joist anchor in rock stratum by preformed hole, form three-dimensional integer support to country rock.Solve such tunnel surrounding long-term by DYNAMIC LOADING OF DRIVING TRAIN ON BRIDGES, seismic load and faulting load action under country rock large deformation cause the problem of support system unstable failure.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of energy-absorbing and allow pressure novel tunnel supporting and protection structure and implementation method thereof, particularly relate to a kind of the tunnel support structure system and the implementation method thereof that are applicable to bear for a long time weak broken wall rock under DYNAMIC LOADING OF DRIVING TRAIN ON BRIDGES, seismic load and faulting load action.
Background technology
For keeping the sound development at full speed of China's economy, realizing the conversion of economic structure system smoothly, getting through blood vessel---speedway, railway, the subway of the economic lifeline connecting each department, extremely urgent.Get rich and first repair the roads, country increases the construction to each department traffic route.Be no matter be strengthen the dynamics to development of the West Regions in recent years, or alleviate urban traffic pressure and the city underground built just like a raging fire, as many Underground Transportation Engineering all will support issues to country rock after tunnel excavation; Especially western China is many mountainous terrain, the gushing water of easily sending out often needing to excavate overlength is dashed forward the Karst Tunnel of mud, such tunnel surrounding weak broken, geological conditions extreme difference, under long-term dynamic loading, country rock easily has the large deformation of the obvious rheological equationm of state, how under long-term train dynamic pressure or seismic loading, effective surrounding rock supporting is implemented to such tunnel, also face many challenges newly.At present for the tunnel of self stability extreme difference, its supporting and protection structure is more common is that i iron bow member, grid steel frame, the U-shaped support that can contract etc. coordinate Bolt net and jet technology to carry out combined supporting.
Present economic situation and tunnel development trend require that supporting should ensure that tunnel safety accomplishes economical rationality again, and surrouding rock stress concentration phenomenon be alleviated or be avoided to simple concrete spraying support can, but effectively can not stop tunnel deformation; Although shaped steel arch has the distortion that good support rigidity suppresses tunnel surrounding, because its coefficient of expansion is different from concrete, easily produce the crack of hoop, and be difficult to support behind concrete filling closely knit, have a strong impact on supporting effect.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve such tunnel surrounding long-term by DYNAMIC LOADING OF DRIVING TRAIN ON BRIDGES, seismic load and faulting load action under country rock large deformation cause the problem of support system unstable failure, the present invention proposes and be a kind ofly applicable to for a long time by the weak broken wall rock tunnel under DYNAMIC LOADING OF DRIVING TRAIN ON BRIDGES, seismic load and faulting load action, what have that energy-absorbing allows pressure feature forms supporting and protection structure by Core Walls Structure and steel grating; Specifically describe the implementation method of this kind of structure simultaneously,
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts technical scheme as follows:
A kind of energy-absorbing being applicable to weak broken wall rock allows presses tunnel support system, comprising some, structures consistent with tunnel cross-section shape is the grid steel frame of enclosed construction, steel pipe is installed in described grid steel frame, described steel pipe presses energy absorption device to be connected with between grid steel frame by allowing of a kind of sealing, described grid steel frame, steel pipe and the sectional shelf-unit allowing pressure energy absorption device form, its interval in tunnel moderate distance is arranged, and is connected between adjacent sectional shelf-unit by longitudinal beam; Be provided with preformed hole every a certain distance symmetry on longitudinal beam, the anchor pole of Shi Hanzhang or anchor cable and joist anchor in rock stratum by preformed hole, form three-dimensional integer support to country rock.
Anchor pole (rope) is by longitudinal beam and the acting in conjunction of limited concrete bow member, it has with country rock contact area large to form a three-dimensional support system, bond effect is good, can common eigenvector jointly stressed, there will not be shrinkage crack, because the advantage of cavitation not easily appears thereafter greatly in its bow member gap; Under extreme difference wall rock condition, consider the shortcoming of grid steel frame support rigidity deficiency, install steel pipe therein, by preformed hole to concrete perfusion inside steel pipe, improve its entire compression and bending resistance.
The described energy-absorbing ring allowing pressure energy absorption device be made up of high strength steel flat spring, has the characteristic allowing and press energy-absorbing.
Described high strength steel disc is the silicon-manganese spring steel sheet that yield strength is greater than 1000Mpa.
Described steel pipe is provided with preformed hole, by preformed hole to concrete perfusion inside steel pipe, improves its entire compression and bending resistance.
Be connected with bolt by grid junction plate between grid steel frame described in every section, and be provided with the rubber pad of different-thickness and intensity between the grid junction plate be connected.
Steel sleeve by being furnished with the rubber pad of different-thickness and intensity between steel pipe described in every section connects.
On steel pipe described in every section, two ends are provided with an exhaust opening, and lower end is provided with grout hole, and described exhaust opening and grout hole are all furnished with and the seal cover coordinated separately.
The longitudinal beam that each Pin sectional shelf-unit is formed by i iron or U-type groove steel, grid steel frame connects; Described i iron or adopt outer joint form between U-type groove steel and grid steel frame, by U-shaped clamp or weld together.
The energy-absorbing being applicable to weak broken wall rock allows the implementation method of pressure tunnel support system, comprises the following steps:
1) integrating tunnel sequence of excavation, first locally installs the sectional shelf-unit of the steel grating+concrete steel pipe assembled along excavation face, be fixed on country rock by the prestressed anchor (rope) being furnished with joist;
2) then immediately newly excavate part, by sleeve pipe and high-strength bolt link remainder sectional shelf-unit, and prestressed anchor pole (rope) and joist are fixed on country rock, ensure that every section of sectional shelf-unit is on same section loop wire simultaneously;
3), after treating a Pin support installing, segmentation is to steel pipe concrete perfusion, and grout hole is in bottom, and exhaust opening, on top, is sealed grout hole and exhaust opening by seal cover after this section of perfusion terminates, until all steel pipe grouting is complete;
4) by coupling beam, every Pin sectional shelf-unit is connected, simultaneously at coupling beam hole to be provided injection prestressed anchor (rope) and joist, form three-dimensional high strength support system.
The present invention has the following advantages compared with current conventional tunnel support support and method thereof:
1) by assembled grating steelframe and core concrete steel pipe, overcome and utilize merely grid steel frame to carry out supporting, support rigidity is lower, in the shortcoming of the unfavorable adjoining rock stability of long-term large deformation and Deformation control;
2) by installing sealing energy-absorbing by pressure device between steel grating and concrete steel pipe, the buffer memory to the impact energy of the long-term train load in country rock inside or seismic load and absorption is achieved; Also realize dynamically allowing pressure to long-term Rheological Deformation simultaneously;
3) by installing the speciality rubber pad of suitable intensity, thickness in every section of steel grating junction and concrete steel pipe junction, bump and seismic load is alleviated to the flash disruption of supporting and protection structure;
4) utilize longitudinal coupling beam that each Pin support is coupled together, form the support system of stereoscopic three-dimensional, be conducive to the bulk strength playing support system;
5) by Shi Hanzhang anchor pole (rope) and joist, support system and country rock are encrypted and presses together, form support circle together with country rock, suppress the plastic flow of country rock relax zone to worsen, the three-dimensional stress constraint achieving country rock maximizes and recovers.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the main body of apparatus of the present invention embodiment one faces structural representation-1;
Fig. 2 is that the main body of apparatus of the present invention embodiment one faces structural representation-2;
Fig. 3 is that the grid of the corresponding diagram 1 of apparatus of the present invention connects and sleeve pipe detail drawing;
Fig. 4 a is that the energy-absorbing of the corresponding diagram 1 of apparatus of the present invention is by pressure device overall diagram;
Fig. 4 b is that the energy-absorbing of the corresponding diagram 1 of apparatus of the present invention is by pressure device sectional view;
Fig. 5 is the grid drawing of the corresponding diagram 1 of apparatus of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the a-a sectional drawing of the corresponding diagram 5 of apparatus of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the grid expanded view of the corresponding diagram 5 of apparatus of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the three dimensions schematic diagram of the support system of apparatus of the present invention;
In figure: 1-grid steel frame, 2-concrete steel pipe, 3-sleeve pipe, 4-longitudinal beam, 5-rubber pad a, 6-high-strength bolt, 7-grid junction plate, 8-energy-absorbing by pressure ring, 9-grout hole, 10-exhaust opening, 11-rubber pad b, 12-prestressed anchor (rope).
Detailed description of the invention
Describe the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment one.
Apparatus of the present invention mainly comprise grid steel frame 1, concrete steel pipe 2, sleeve pipe 3, longitudinal coupling beam 4, rubber pad a5, high-strength bolt 6, grid junction plate 7, energy-absorbing is by pressure ring 8, grout hole 9, exhaust opening 10, rubber pad b11, prestressed anchor (rope) 12 and joist; Grid steel frame 1 is consistent with tunnel cross-section shape, structure is enclosed construction, grid steel frame 1 in be installed on concrete steel pipe 2, be connected by pressure ring 8 by a kind of energy-absorbing of sealing between concrete steel pipe 2 with grid steel frame 1, the sectional shelf-unit that grid steel frame 1, concrete steel pipe 2 and energy-absorbing form by pressure ring 8, its interval in tunnel moderate distance is arranged, and is connected between adjacent sectional shelf-unit by longitudinal beam; Be provided with preformed hole every a certain distance symmetry on longitudinal beam, the anchor pole of Shi Hanzhang or anchor cable and joist anchor in rock stratum by preformed hole, form three-dimensional integer support to country rock.
Steel grating and concrete surface long-pending large, bond effect is good, can common eigenvector jointly stressed, there will not be shrinkage crack, because its bow member gap not easily occurs cavitation thereafter greatly; But supporting steel grating rigidity is general less, and cannot adapt to heavily stressed surrounding rock tunnel, the design carrys out the deficiency of its long-term support rigidity supplementary by embedding slip casting round steel pipe therein; Sealing is installed in the two contact position simultaneously and allows pressure device,
Grid steel frame+concrete steel pipe sectional shelf-unit keeps at a certain distance away layout, connected by longitudinal beam between adjacent stent, on longitudinal beam, symmetry leaves anchor pole (rope) hole at spacing intervals, Shi Hanzhang anchor pole (rope) and joist anchor in rock stratum by preformed hole, form three-dimensional integer support to country rock.
Prestressed anchor (rope) 12 is by longitudinal beam and the acting in conjunction of limited concrete bow member, it has with country rock contact area large to form a three-dimensional support system, bond effect is good, can common eigenvector jointly stressed, there will not be shrinkage crack, because the advantage of cavitation not easily appears thereafter greatly in its bow member gap; Under extreme difference wall rock condition, consider the shortcoming of grid steel frame support rigidity deficiency, install steel pipe therein, by preformed hole to concrete perfusion inside steel pipe, improve its entire compression and bending resistance.
The parts connected between grid steel frame and concrete steel pipe are a kind of sealed device, and the energy-absorbing ring that energy-absorbing is made up of high strength steel flat spring by pressure ring 8 has the characteristic allowing and press energy-absorbing.High strength steel disc is the silicon-manganese spring steel sheet that yield strength is greater than 1000Mpa.
By the excavating sequences sectional in tunnel, be connected with high-strength bolt 6 by grid junction plate 7 between every section of grid steel frame 1, and be provided with the rubber pad a5 of different-thickness and intensity (depending on country rock by compressive strain requirement) between the grid junction plate be connected.
Concrete steel pipe 2 is provided with preformed hole, by preformed hole to concrete perfusion inside steel pipe, improves its entire compression and bending resistance.
Connected by the steel sleeve 3 of the rubber pad b11 being furnished with different-thickness and intensity (depending on country rock by compressive strain requirement) between every section concrete steel pipe 2.
On steel pipe described in every section, two ends are provided with an exhaust opening 10, and lower end is provided with grout hole 9, and exhaust opening 10 and grout hole 9 are all furnished with and the seal cover coordinated separately, conveniently carry out work post-grouting reinforcing.
Each Pin sectional shelf-unit connects into entirety by longitudinal beam 4, and supporting structure system and country rock are pressed together by Shi Hanzhang anchor pole (rope) and joist 12 by sectional shelf-unit and longitudinal beam 4, form the three-dimensional support system of three dimensions with country rock.The longitudinal beam formed by i iron or U-type groove steel, grid steel frame connects; Described i iron or adopt outer joint form between U-type groove steel and grid steel frame, by U-shaped clamp or weld together.Each Pin supporting and protection structure is made up of four parts, is connected between every part by high-strength rubber pad, thus the long-term energy-absorbing yield supporting by broken weak tunnel under DYNAMIC LOADING OF DRIVING TRAIN ON BRIDGES or seismic loading realized.
The energy-absorbing being applicable to weak broken wall rock allows presses tunnel support system and implementation method thereof, sets forth further by reference to the accompanying drawings to its method of operating:
1) integrating tunnel sequence of excavation, first installs the sectional shelf-unit of the steel grating+concrete steel pipe assembled along first step excavation face part, be fixed on country rock by prestressed anchor (rope) and joist 12 simultaneously;
2) then immediately bottom excavated section, all the other section of sectional shelf-unit is assembled by sleeve pipe 3 and high-strength bolt 6, grid junction plate 7, and injection prestressed anchor (rope) 12 is fixed on country rock, ensure that every section of sectional shelf-unit is on same section loop wire simultaneously;
3), after treating a Pin support installing, segmentation is to steel pipe concrete perfusion, and grout hole 9 is in bottom, and exhaust opening 10, on top, is sealed grout hole and exhaust opening by supporting seal cover after this section of perfusion terminates, until all steel pipe grouting is complete;
4) by longitudinal coupling beam 4, every Pin sectional shelf-unit is realized longitudinally connecting, simultaneously at coupling beam hole to be provided injection prestressed anchor (rope) and joist 12, form three-dimensional high strength support system.
In the present invention, prestressed anchor (rope) is at weak surrounding rock smashed to pieces, or crevice water enriches stratum and also can replace with grouted anchor bar or grouting cable anchor etc. in interval, improves the mechanical property of country rock with the mechanics parameter changing country rock.
The present invention only sets forth for example one tunnel support, but is applicable to the supporting in subway, mine working, karst chamber, secretly hole and some special underground constructions too.
As known by the technical knowledge, the present invention can be realized by other the embodiment not departing from its Spirit Essence or essential feature.Therefore, with regard to each side, all just illustrating, is not only.Within the scope of the present invention all or be all included in the invention being equal to the change in scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the energy-absorbing being applicable to weak broken wall rock allows the implementation method of pressure tunnel support system, the described energy-absorbing being applicable to weak broken wall rock allows presses tunnel support system, comprise some consistent with tunnel cross-section shape, structure is the grid steel frame of enclosed construction, steel pipe is installed in described grid steel frame, described steel pipe presses energy absorption device to be connected with between grid steel frame by allowing of a kind of sealing, described grid steel frame, steel pipe and the sectional shelf-unit allowing pressure energy absorption device form, its interval in tunnel moderate distance is arranged, connected by longitudinal beam between adjacent sectional shelf-unit, be provided with preformed hole every a certain distance symmetry on longitudinal beam, the anchor pole of Shi Hanzhang or anchor cable and joist anchor in rock stratum by preformed hole, form three-dimensional integer support, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps to country rock:
1) integrating tunnel sequence of excavation, first locally installs the sectional shelf-unit of the steel grating+concrete steel pipe assembled, is fixed on country rock by the prestressed anchor or anchor cable being furnished with joist along excavation face;
2) then immediately newly excavate part, by sleeve pipe and high-strength bolt link remainder sectional shelf-unit, and prestressed anchor pole or anchor cable and joist are fixed on country rock, ensure that every section of sectional shelf-unit is on same section loop wire simultaneously;
3), after treating a Pin support installing, segmentation is to steel pipe concrete perfusion, and grout hole is in bottom, and exhaust opening, on top, is sealed grout hole and exhaust opening by seal cover after this section of perfusion terminates, until all steel pipe grouting is complete;
4) by coupling beam, every Pin sectional shelf-unit is connected, simultaneously at coupling beam hole to be provided injection prestressed anchor or anchor cable and joist, form three-dimensional high strength support system.
2. the energy-absorbing being applicable to weak broken wall rock as claimed in claim 1 allows the implementation method of pressure tunnel support system, it is characterized in that: the described energy-absorbing ring allowing pressure energy absorption device be made up of high strength steel flat spring, has to allow the characteristic of pressure energy-absorbing.
3. the energy-absorbing being applicable to weak broken wall rock as claimed in claim 2 allows the implementation method of pressure tunnel support system, it is characterized in that: described high strength steel disc is the silicon-manganese spring steel sheet that yield strength is greater than 1000Mpa.
4. the energy-absorbing being applicable to weak broken wall rock as claimed in claim 1 allows the implementation method of pressure tunnel support system, it is characterized in that: described steel pipe is provided with preformed hole, by preformed hole to concrete perfusion inside steel pipe, improve its entire compression and bending resistance.
5. the energy-absorbing being applicable to weak broken wall rock as claimed in claim 1 allows the implementation method of pressure tunnel support system, it is characterized in that: be connected with bolt by grid junction plate between the grid steel frame described in every section, and be provided with the rubber pad of different-thickness and intensity between the grid junction plate be connected.
6. the energy-absorbing being applicable to weak broken wall rock as claimed in claim 1 allows the implementation method of pressure tunnel support system, it is characterized in that: the steel sleeve by being furnished with the rubber pad of different-thickness and intensity between the steel pipe described in every section connects.
7. the energy-absorbing being applicable to weak broken wall rock as claimed in claim 6 allows the implementation method of pressure tunnel support system, it is characterized in that: on the steel pipe described in every section, two ends are provided with an exhaust opening, lower end is provided with grout hole, and described exhaust opening and grout hole are all furnished with and the seal cover coordinated separately.
8. the energy-absorbing being applicable to weak broken wall rock as claimed in claim 1 allows the implementation method of pressure tunnel support system, it is characterized in that: the longitudinal beam connection that each Pin sectional shelf-unit is formed by i iron or U-type groove steel, grid steel frame; Described i iron or adopt outer joint form between U-type groove steel and grid steel frame, by U-shaped clamp or weld together.
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| CN201410356142.1A CN104153792B (en) | 2014-07-24 | 2014-07-24 | A kind of energy-absorbing being applicable to weak broken wall rock allows presses tunnel support system and method |
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| CN201410356142.1A CN104153792B (en) | 2014-07-24 | 2014-07-24 | A kind of energy-absorbing being applicable to weak broken wall rock allows presses tunnel support system and method |
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| CN104153792B true CN104153792B (en) | 2016-04-06 |
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| CN104675412A (en) * | 2015-02-12 | 2015-06-03 | 湖南省煤炭地质勘查院 | Closed integral bearing supporting structure for coal-mine coal-pillar bottom plate crushed surrounding rock roadway |
| CN105545322B (en) * | 2016-02-26 | 2018-11-27 | 山东大学 | For controlling the safeguard structure and support system and method that tunnel wall rock deformation destroys |
| CN106194209B (en) * | 2016-07-07 | 2020-02-14 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Concrete-filled steel tube support and construction method thereof |
| CN106321123B (en) * | 2016-09-14 | 2018-06-19 | 安徽理工大学 | A kind of self-adjustable mining bracket of support stiffness |
| CN108756948B (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2023-06-20 | 中铁工程设计咨询集团有限公司 | Self-bearing supporting structure for large-span tunnel prestress anchor net supporting rock shell |
| CN109386297B (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2020-04-24 | 兰州理工大学 | Hydraulic tunnel grading yielding support structure and construction method |
| CN111577339B (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2021-09-28 | 中国建筑股份有限公司 | High-ground-stress soft rock tunnel supporting structure system and construction method thereof |
| CN111648794B (en) * | 2020-06-02 | 2021-11-12 | 山东高速科技发展集团有限公司 | Support framework for tunnel portal section in cold region and installation method |
| CN112523776B (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2022-03-08 | 安徽理工大学 | Thin bedrock supporting construction |
| CN113982630B (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2024-04-05 | 成都未来智隧科技有限公司 | Tunnel supporting structure |
| CN114320414A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-04-12 | 山东科技大学 | Multistage energy-absorbing tunnel supporting structure and construction method thereof |
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| DE2454913C3 (en) * | 1974-11-20 | 1978-06-08 | Hochtief Ag Fuer Hoch- Und Tiefbauten Vormals Gebr. Helfmann, 4300 Essen | Method and arrangement for driving a tunnel |
| CN201486570U (en) * | 2009-07-10 | 2010-05-26 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | Overlarge cross section old loess tunnel primary support structure of high-speed railway |
| CN102226407A (en) * | 2011-05-23 | 2011-10-26 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | Four-line large-span tunnel cable-arch combined primary support structure |
| CN102562097A (en) * | 2012-01-30 | 2012-07-11 | 山东大学 | Three-dimensional asymmetrical supporting system |
| CN102852533A (en) * | 2012-10-18 | 2013-01-02 | 山东大学 | High-strength three-dimensional support system of yielding type restriction concrete lagging jack |
| CN102877862A (en) * | 2012-10-18 | 2013-01-16 | 山东大学 | Confined concrete quantitative yielding lagging jack based on mine U-shaped steel |
| CN102979543B (en) * | 2012-12-25 | 2014-07-23 | 成都理工大学 | Support method for brittle failure of surrounding rocks of hard rock double-track tunnel by river in area of high stress |
| CN204082170U (en) * | 2014-07-24 | 2015-01-07 | 山东大学 | A kind of energy-absorbing being applicable to weak broken wall rock allows presses tunnel support system |
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Inventor after: Li Shucai Inventor after: Xu Fei Inventor after: Wang Weiming Inventor after: Zhang Qianqing Inventor after: Li Liping Inventor after: Zhang Jian Inventor after: Wang Qinghan Inventor after: Liu Hongliang Inventor after: Wang Jianhua Inventor before: Li Shucai Inventor before: Xu Fei Inventor before: Zhang Qianqing Inventor before: Li Liping Inventor before: Zhang Jian Inventor before: Wang Qinghan Inventor before: Liu Hongliang Inventor before: Wang Jianhua |
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