CN102425155B - Method for reinforcing overlying shallow rockmass in mined-out area - Google Patents
Method for reinforcing overlying shallow rockmass in mined-out area Download PDFInfo
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- CN102425155B CN102425155B CN2011102512829A CN201110251282A CN102425155B CN 102425155 B CN102425155 B CN 102425155B CN 2011102512829 A CN2011102512829 A CN 2011102512829A CN 201110251282 A CN201110251282 A CN 201110251282A CN 102425155 B CN102425155 B CN 102425155B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of civil engineering reinforcement, and particularly relates to a method for reinforcing an overlying shallow rockmass in a mined-out area and a special tool used in the method. The method for reinforcing the overlying shallow rockmass in the mined-out area mainly comprises the following steps: (1.1) forming holes: drilling the ground surface above the mined-out area at intervals of 2-3m when construction is performed, wherein the drilled holes are vertically downward; (1.2) inserting two or more than two deformed steel bars welded in parallel into each drilled hole, and exposing out of the ground surface by 10-15cm; (1.3) inserting a grouting pipe into each drilled hole to perform pressure grouting to form an anchor rod pile; and (1.4) casting a concrete slab on the ground surface, arranging single layer or multiple layers of reinforcing bars, and welding the parts of the anchor rod piles, which are exposed out of the ground surface, with the reinforcing bars in the concrete slab. The anchor rod piles and the concrete slab jointly form the reinforced structure of the overlying shallow rockmass in the mined-out area. By adopting the method for reinforcing the overlying shallow rockmass in the mined-out area, the construction period of treating come-up foundations in the mined-out area is shortened, and the construction cost is saved. Moreover, the concrete slab and the grouting technology are comparatively mature, and are easy to implement in actual construction. The method for reinforcing the overlying shallow rockmass in the mined-out area can also be applied to the field of other soft foundation treatment projects.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to civil engineering reinforcing technique field, particularly relate to a kind of method for reinforcing overlying shallow rockmass in mined-out area.
Background technology
Goaf refers to after underground ore body is plucked out of the dead zone stayed, due to the exploitation mineral deposit, in Rock And Soil, formed space miscellaneous (as tunnel, stope), destroyed the natural balanced state of rock mass, changed the primary stress field of rock mass and produced secondary stress field.Under secondary stress field effect, upper overlying strata body loses original balance, produces and moves, is out of shape even and destroys.The movement of overlying strata body, deformation and failure on this goaf, spatially, expand and finally reach earth's surface gradually towards periphery by goaf; In time, start gradually faint movement by static, through middle fierce mobile phase, finally reach new balance and stop mobile.
At present, for the processing in goaf, the method usually adopted is goaf filling, to reach prevention and to control the purpose that earth's surface produces depression.Such as, the mode of employing filling and injecting slurry, the whole fill goaf, thus realize supporting the goaf overlying rock, thoroughly to eliminate subsidence hidden danger.Except adopting filling technique, other goaf Treatment Methods also has: (1) adopts slip casting post, down-hole build pier stud and large diameter drill hole pile or directly adopt pile foundation method local support overlying strata or ground structure, reduce the goaf spatial extent, prevent being caving of top board; (2) by grouting and reinforcing and strengthening goaf surrounding rock structure, filling mining overburden fault zone and curved bel Rock And Soil peel ply, crack, make it to form that a rigidity is large, the rock board of good integrity, effectively resist the upwards development of goaf of subsiding, the depression that makes earth's surface only produce relative equilibrium, to guarantee the safety of Surface structure; In addition, can also induce by preloading, dynamically high energy level compaction and water the method such as sedimentation to accelerate the activation of old goaf and overlying strata depression process, eliminate the underground cavity that table safety over the ground has larger threat, utilize the soil, earth's surface in the basicly stable rear redevelopment of depression.
Following document shows that above-mentioned goaf processing method is used widely at different engineering fields: the grouting technique of [1] prevention of road foundation subsidence in karst area. Chen Zhongping, metallurgical mine design and construction; The 3rd phase of calendar year 2001; [2] Bai Jing goaf grouting and consolidation on foundation technology. Zhang Zhi is abundant, hydrogeological engineering geology, the 1st phase in 1997; [3] Jinzhou to Fuxin speedway coal mine gob Treatment Design. the beautiful car of punishment, Yang Hao, northeast highway, the 4th phase of calendar year 2001; [4] the Located At Leiyang-yizhang Section, beijing-zhuhai Expressway processing in goaf of underliing. Wang Maowen, Central-South highway engineering, the 2nd phase of calendar year 2001; [5] freeway tunnel passes through the Treatment Methods in goaf. Yang Shaobo, Shanxi architecture, the 3rd phase in 2004; [6] backfill of pulverized fuel ash cement fluidised form is in the application in Tong-Jin superhighway goaf. Wang Lianfang, Ma Lifeng, Liu Guijun, total utilization of PCA, the 4th phase in 1999; [7] shallow embedding goaf reinforcing technique and engineering management. Han Yanqing, Benxi Higher Training School of Metallurgy's journal, the 1st phase of calendar year 2001; [8] the former coal Ministry of Industry. building, water body, railway and main roadway Coal Pillar Design with press the coal mining rules. Beijing: Coal Industry Press; [9] goaf appraisal of foundation and treatment technology. Junying ZHANG, mining survey, the 2nd phase of calendar year 2001.
Along with the continuous expansion of China's construction scale of projects, can run into the goaf problem in a large amount of Process of Engineering Constructions.Although the filling and injecting slurry processing method has obtained certain effect, relatively dark and underground vacant areas form and the zone, irregular goaf that distributes, adopt the method for grouting filling to face a series of difficult problems for some buried depth.At first be due to the form of underground vacant areas and distribute irregularly, cause slurries in actual grouting filling process to be difficult to implement filling according to set route, thereby cause the unpredictable of dead zone filling effect; Secondly due to the shrinkage of slurries, make slurries in process of setting, produce bleeding, contraction, thereby cause actual filling discontented, and in slurries, cement factor is less, bleeding and shrinkage factor are larger; Finally, because underground vacant areas is generally larger, thereby cause grouting cost huge.And slip casting lower, long in time limit, the poor controllability of work efficiency often.
Summary of the invention
Method for reinforcing overlying shallow rockmass in mined-out area of the present invention, just in order to solve the deficiency of aforementioned goaf Treatment Methods, continuous reinforced concrete pavement and anchor pile technology are organically combined, relative buried depth is larger in goaf, goaf form and distribution irregular area, realization, to goaf economy, processing efficiently, guarantees the safety of goaf superstructure thing.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of method for reinforcing overlying shallow rockmass in mined-out area specifically comprises the steps:
1.1 pore-forming, by the spacing boring of 2～3m, described boring vertically downward on the above goaf earth's surface;
1.2 in each boring, insert two or the many screw-thread steels that weld side by side, an end of described screw-thread steel exposes earth's surface 10 ~ 15cm, then once grouting pipe and secondary grouting pipe are inserted in described no boring;
1.3 once grouting, at first carry out once grouting to the aperture pulp by the once grouting pipe, extracts the once grouting pipe;
1.4 secondary grouting, after the initial set of once grouting slurries, carry out secondary pressure slip casting by the secondary grouting pipe, forms anchor pile, wherein, described grouting pressure is 1 ~ 2MPa;
1.5 earth's surface concreting plate, configuration single or multiple lift arrangement of reinforcement, anchor pile expose arrangement of reinforcement welding in ground matrix section and concrete slab, form goaf shallow surface ruggedized construction.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of to being difficult to the extreme difference stratum method for reinforcing overlying shallow rockmass in mined-out area of pore-forming, specifically comprises the steps:
2.1 pore-forming, adopt sleeve pipe follow-up rig pore-forming or automatic anchor pole rig pore-forming;
2.2 in the backward described sleeve pipe of pore-forming, insert two or the many indented barss that weld side by side, an end of described indented bars exposes earth's surface 10 ~ 15cm, then inserts once grouting pipe and secondary grouting pipe;
2.3 once grouting, at first carry out once grouting to the aperture pulp by the once grouting pipe, extracts the once grouting pipe;
2.4 secondary grouting, after the initial set of once grouting slurries, carry out secondary pressure slip casting by the secondary grouting pipe, forms anchor pile, wherein, described grouting pressure is 1 ~ 2MPa;
2.5 earth's surface concreting plate, configuration single or multiple lift arrangement of reinforcement, anchor pile expose arrangement of reinforcement welding in ground matrix section and concrete slab, form goaf shallow surface ruggedized construction.
Further, described once grouting pipe is diameter 4cm common plastics tube.
Further, described secondary grouting tubing matter is identical with the once grouting pipe.
Further, in the 5m scope of described secondary grouting pipe lower end, every 1m, arrange that cross section is circular slurry outlet along the Grouting Pipe axis direction, and seal described slurry outlet with adhesive tape.
Further, the stop grouting plug sealing is adopted in described secondary grouting pipe bottom, and uses rubber belt sealing.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention has guaranteed the treatment effect of the base of throwing oneself on the ground on the goaf, shortened the construction period that the base of throwing oneself on the ground on the goaf is processed, saved operating expenses, and concrete slab and slurry injection technique are all comparatively ripe, in practice of construction, are easy to realize.The present invention simultaneously also can be applicable to other soft foundation and processes engineering field.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 reinforcing overlying shallow rockmass in mined-out area structural plan figure.
Fig. 2 reinforcing overlying shallow rockmass in mined-out area structure A-A sectional drawing.
Fig. 3 anchor pile structure B-B sectional drawing.
Fig. 4 secondary grouting pipe schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 secondary grouting pipe C-C generalized section.
In figure: 1. concrete slab, 2. boring, 3. secondary grouting pipe, 4. indented bars, 5. slurry outlet, 6. stop grouting plug.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, structure of the present invention, measure are elaborated.
Fig. 1 is reinforcing overlying shallow rockmass in mined-out area structural plan figure.After anchor pile forms, earth's surface concreting plate 1, configure double-deck arrangement of reinforcement, anchor pile indented bars 4 exposes arrangement of reinforcement welding in ground matrix section and concrete slab 1, when building continuous reinforced concrete pavement, builds every day and finishes or build while surpassing 30min break period, use end head formwork to establish horizontal constuction joint, while continuing to build, also rinse well with clear water on the surface of dabbing seam, continues to build during until surface moisture but without ponding.Between constuction joint, should mutually stagger.
Fig. 2 is reinforcing overlying shallow rockmass in mined-out area structure A-A sectional drawing.At first utilize machinery on the above goaf earth's surface, to press the spacing construction drill 2 of 2～3m, described boring vertically downward, is equipped with indented bars 4 and secondary grouting pipe 3 in hole.Indented bars exposes earth's surface 10～15cm, and with concrete slab 1 in arrangement of reinforcement welding.For the extreme difference rock stratum, can adopt sleeve pipe follow-up rig or automatic anchor pole rig to form anchor pile.Described anchor pile and concrete slab form the reinforcing overlying shallow rockmass in mined-out area structure jointly.
Fig. 3 is anchor pile B-B sectional drawing.After boring 2 completes, insert two or the many indented barss 4 that weld side by side in each boring, expose earth's surface 10 ~ 15cm, secondary grouting pipe 3 is inserted in boring.Once grouting after 24 hours, utilizes the secondary grouting pipe to carry out slip casing by pressure until the aperture slurries overflow also maintenance, and slurries form injecting cement paste with the boring surrounding rock body, the mutual interlock of adjacent injecting cement paste, the interlock non-individual body of formation top, goaf Rock And Soil.
Fig. 4, Fig. 5 are secondary grouting pipe schematic diagram and cross-sectional drawing.Secondary grouting pipe 3 length slightly are longer than boring length, guarantee to expose hell.In the 5m scope of lower end, every 1m, arrange slurry outlet 5 along the Grouting Pipe axis direction, slurry outlet adopts Electric portable drill to wearing boring, and every group of slurry outlet 5 is four, evenly distributed along secondary grouting pipe 3 surroundings, and seals with adhesive tape.Stop grouting plug 6 sealings are adopted in secondary grouting pipe 3 bottoms, and seal with adhesive tape.
To being difficult to the extreme difference stratum of pore-forming, specifically comprise the steps:
2.1 pore-forming, adopt sleeve pipe follow-up rig pore-forming or automatic anchor pole rig pore-forming;
2.2 in the backward described sleeve pipe of pore-forming, insert two or the many indented barss 4 that weld side by side, indented bars 4 exposes earth's surface 10 ~ 15cm, then inserts once grouting pipe and secondary grouting pipe 3;
2.3 once grouting, at first carry out once grouting to the aperture pulp by the once grouting pipe, extracts the once grouting pipe;
2.4 secondary grouting, after the initial set of once grouting slurries, carry out secondary pressure slip casting by secondary grouting pipe 3, forms anchor pile, wherein, described grouting pressure is 1 ~ 2MPa;
2.5 earth's surface concreting plate, single or multiple lift arrangement of reinforcement, anchor pile expose arrangement of reinforcement welding in ground matrix section and concrete slab, form goaf shallow surface ruggedized construction.
The present invention has guaranteed the treatment effect of the base of throwing oneself on the ground on the goaf, has greatly shortened the construction period that the base of throwing oneself on the ground on the goaf is processed, and has saved operating expenses, and concrete slab and slurry injection technique all comparatively ripe, in practice of construction, be easy to realize.The present invention simultaneously also can be applicable to other soft foundation and processes engineering field.
Claims (5)
1. method for reinforcing overlying shallow rockmass in mined-out area, it is characterized in that: the method specifically comprises the steps:
1.1 pore-forming, by the spacing boring (2) of 2～3m, described boring (2) vertically downward on the above goaf earth's surface;
1.2 in each boring (2), insert two or the many screw-thread steels (4) that weld side by side, an end of described screw-thread steel (4) exposes earth's surface 10 ~ 15cm, then once grouting pipe and secondary grouting pipe (3) are inserted in described each boring (2);
1.3 once grouting, at first carry out once grouting to the aperture pulp by the once grouting pipe, extracts the once grouting pipe;
1.4 secondary grouting, after the initial set of once grouting slurries, carry out secondary pressure slip casting by secondary grouting pipe (3), forms anchor pile, wherein, described grouting pressure is 1 ~ 2MPa;
1.5 earth's surface concreting plate, configuration single or multiple lift arrangement of reinforcement, anchor pile expose arrangement of reinforcement welding in ground matrix section and concrete slab, form goaf shallow surface ruggedized construction.
2. reinforcement means according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described once grouting pipe is diameter 4cm common plastics tube.
3. reinforcement means according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described secondary grouting pipe (3) material is identical with the once grouting pipe.
4. reinforcement means according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in the 5m scope of described secondary grouting (3) pipe lower end, every 1m, arrange that cross section is circular slurry outlet (5) along the Grouting Pipe axis direction, and seal described slurry outlet (5) with adhesive tape.
5. reinforcement means according to claim 1, is characterized in that, stop grouting plug (6) sealing is adopted in described secondary grouting pipe (3) bottom, and uses rubber belt sealing.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2011102512829A CN102425155B (en) | 2011-08-29 | 2011-08-29 | Method for reinforcing overlying shallow rockmass in mined-out area |
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| CN2011102512829A CN102425155B (en) | 2011-08-29 | 2011-08-29 | Method for reinforcing overlying shallow rockmass in mined-out area |
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| CN102425155B true CN102425155B (en) | 2013-11-27 |
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102705001B (en) * | 2012-05-25 | 2014-08-20 | 中国矿业大学 | Isolated-section two-hole split-layer grouting filling well location method for mining overburden rock |
| CN104564113B (en) * | 2015-01-15 | 2016-08-17 | 山东科技大学 | The construction method of roadway surrounding rock fiber slurry grouting and reinforcing |
| CN104846848B (en) * | 2015-03-23 | 2016-08-24 | 安徽理工大学 | A kind of method controlling the earth's surface soil erosion of stratiform exploitation of mineral resources Subsidence Area, underground |
| CN105401948B (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2018-07-17 | 中铁二局集团有限公司 | Plateau Cold Area tunnel both sides loose media stratum construction method after a kind of macroseism |
| CN107503768B (en) * | 2017-08-23 | 2019-11-12 | 广西大学 | The method of the oblique Soil-nailed of overlying strata soil on Small Data Sets shallow embedding tunnel |
| CN107339122B (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2020-02-11 | 徐州中国矿大岩土工程新技术发展有限公司 | Construction method for treating goaf by steel pipe column |
| CN112983549B (en) * | 2021-03-09 | 2021-10-26 | 中国矿业大学 | Overburden mining abscission layer dynamic development monitoring method |
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| CN1131221A (en) * | 1995-12-29 | 1996-09-18 | 曾宪明 | Supporting and protecting method for base pit, side slope, flat anchor and spray net |
| CN101220597A (en) * | 2008-01-31 | 2008-07-16 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | Skid resistant composite structure of miniature pile and method for reinforcing side slope |
| CN101967984A (en) * | 2010-09-03 | 2011-02-09 | 安徽理工大学 | Deep well tunnel cable anchor rigid-flexible coupling support and surrounding rock overall reinforced support method |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2858082B2 (en) * | 1994-08-12 | 1999-02-17 | 日特建設株式会社 | Slope repair / reinforcement method and shear bolt for repair / reinforcement |
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Patent Citations (3)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1131221A (en) * | 1995-12-29 | 1996-09-18 | 曾宪明 | Supporting and protecting method for base pit, side slope, flat anchor and spray net |
| CN101220597A (en) * | 2008-01-31 | 2008-07-16 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | Skid resistant composite structure of miniature pile and method for reinforcing side slope |
| CN101967984A (en) * | 2010-09-03 | 2011-02-09 | 安徽理工大学 | Deep well tunnel cable anchor rigid-flexible coupling support and surrounding rock overall reinforced support method |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
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| 利用地质钻机泥浆护壁成孔工艺完成深厚砂层中抗浮锚杆的施工;杨启泉;《价值工程》;20110331(第3期);第63页第2栏第5.1节、第64页第7节 * |
| 杨启泉.利用地质钻机泥浆护壁成孔工艺完成深厚砂层中抗浮锚杆的施工.《价值工程》.2011,(第3期),63-64. |
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