CN104152692A - Process for leaching copper oxide ore by alkaline bacterium - Google Patents
Process for leaching copper oxide ore by alkaline bacterium Download PDFInfo
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- CN104152692A CN104152692A CN201410391888.6A CN201410391888A CN104152692A CN 104152692 A CN104152692 A CN 104152692A CN 201410391888 A CN201410391888 A CN 201410391888A CN 104152692 A CN104152692 A CN 104152692A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a process for leaching a copper oxide ore by bacterium, and belongs to the field of solution mining. Alkaline bacterium generates ammonia which is used for the complex reaction with a copper ore to realize the leaching of the copper oxide ore under the alkaline condition. The alkaline bacterium for ore leaching is JAT-1; the optimal growth pH is 8.0-11.0; and urea can be decomposed in the metabolic process to generate ammonia. Leachate is prepared by mixing bacterium liquid with a liquid medium in proportion; and the ratio of the bacterium liquid to the liquid medium is 1:10-1:5. The leaching process belongs to the alkaline method leaching, can be realized by dump leaching or agitation leaching, can economically and effectively treat the copper oxide ore, and particularly can treat the refractory copper oxide ore with high content of basic gangue. Compared with the acid leaching, the process prevents such problems as high acid consumption, weak permeability and high cost in an acid leaching system; and compared with ammonia leaching, the process can treat the ore on a large scale under the natural condition, and has the advantages of low investment, low cost and less environmental pollution.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to solution mining field, relate to the processing method of utilizing bacterium to leach copper oxide ore under alkaline condition.
Background technology
In solution mining field, soak copper and acidophilic bacteria for acid system and soak process for copper and done large quantity research, and in industrial production, have good utilization effect.But refractory copper oxide ore and copper mine tailing for height containing Basic gangue mineral, adopt acid system leaching or acidophilic bacteria to leach many problems that exist: on the one hand, a large amount of Basic gangue minerals must make acid consumption greatly increase, unreasonable economically; On the other hand, under acid system, can produce a large amount of micro-soluble materials such as calcium sulfate and magnesium sulfate, greatly reduce the perviousness of Leaching Systems, thereby affect leaching effect; Meanwhile, the corrodibility of acidleach is stronger, high to equipment requirements, and the pressure of environment protection aspect is larger.
Compared with acid system Leaching Systems, alkaline process soak copper have metal selective strong, the erosion resistance of equipment is required low, be a main developing direction.Soak the research of copper for alkaline process, mostly rest on chemistry and soak seam face, as ammoniacal liquor leaches copper mine.But the volatility of ammoniacal liquor is large, cause processing cost to increase, environmental pollution is serious, cannot carry out large-scale dump leaching; Adopt pressure ammonia leaching feasible technically, but energy consumption is high, facility investment is large, economic benefit is poor.The invention provides a kind of bacterium and in alkaline environment, leach the novel process of copper oxide ore, there is the technical superioritys such as investment little, cost is low, technique is simple, environmental friendliness, enrich with develop the technique of Bioleaching copper mine.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to utilize bacterium to leach copper oxide ore under alkaline condition, solve that the acid consumption existing in acid leaching process is high, poor permeability, high in cost of production problem, enriched the Bioleaching technique of copper mine, the Bioleaching that makes copper mine by acidic leaching process spread on alkaline leaching technique.
The technique of a kind of Bioleaching copper oxide ore of the present invention, is to utilize a kind of alkaline Production by Bacteria ammonifying and copper mineral generation complex reaction, realizes and leach copper oxide ore under alkaline condition.The alkaline bacterium that urea decomposition can be produced to ammonia in described alkaline bacterial metabolism process, specifically can adopt JAT-1 bacterium, and this bacterial strain is in Chinese common micro-organisms culture presevation administrative center registration and preservation, and preserving number is: CGMCC6214.Its grown cultures based component is Trisodium Citrate 5～25g/L, urea 5～20g/L, potassium primary phosphate 1.0～3.0g/L, Sodium phosphate dibasic 2.0～4.0g/L, magnesium sulfate 0.1～0.5g/L, and optimum growh pH value is 8.0～11.0.
The technique of a kind of Bioleaching copper oxide ore of the present invention, leaching agent is mixed in proportion and is formed by Bacteria liquid and its liquid nutrient medium, and blending ratio is 1:10～1:5.At the leaching initial stage, ensure that in leach liquor, Bacteria liquid occupies higher proportion, and the ratio of Bacteria liquid and liquid nutrient medium is got 1:8～1:5; Along with the carrying out of Leaching reaction, alkaline bacterium becomes the dominant population of leaching system gradually, after this reduces gradually the ratio of Bacteria liquid in leach liquor, can remain on 1:10～1:8.
When leaching, directly leach liquor is contacted with mineral, mineral react under the effect of leach liquor, and cupric ion is leached.
This extract technology belongs to alkaline Leaching, can be leached or agitation leach realizes by dump leaching, and its technical process is made up of following basic working procedure:
(1) leach and prepare.Leach and prepare to comprise that ore is prepared and alkaline bacterium is prepared.If adopt dump leaching method to leach, ore is prepared mainly to comprise and is joined ore deposit, fragmentation, heap ore deposit; If adopt paddling process to leach, ore prepares mainly to comprise that joining ore deposit, fragmentation, ore grinding and pipeline carries.It is mainly to bacterium being carried out to extensive cultivation and domestication under alkaline condition, providing sufficient bacterial classification for soaking ore deposit that alkalescence ore-leaching bacteria is prepared.
(2) alkaline Bioleaching.Leaching operation comprises preparation, the leaching operation of leaching agent.The preparation of leaching agent refers to alkaline bacterium liquid and the liquid nutrient medium in upper operation, cultivated is mixed by a certain percentage.If operation is leached in dump leaching, that leaching agent spray is upper to ore deposit heap, carry out Leaching reaction; If agitation leach operation, adds to pulp tank by leaching agent and stirs.In leaching process, monitor leach liquor pH, if when pH < 9, add ammoniacal liquor to regulate the pH of infusion solution, ensure pH >=9 in Leaching Systems.
(3) solid-liquid separation.If adopt dump leaching to leach, can directly obtain leach liquor, leach rich solution (leach liquor Cu
2+when >1g/L) further enrichment, and leach lean solution (Cu
2+<1g/L) be back to leaching operation; If employing agitation leach, the ore pulp after leaching is delivered to settling tank, suitably adds after flocculation agent, carries out solid-liquid separation, and rich solution enters subsequent processing, and lean solution turns back to the utilization of leaching vat internal recycle again.
The technique of a kind of Bioleaching copper oxide ore of the present invention, can process copper oxide ore cost-effectively, particularly can process the high refractory copper oxide ore containing basic gangue.This technique belongs to alkaline Leaching, has following advantage:
(1) with acidleach contrast, in its leaching process, metal selective is strong, and leach liquor does not react with other metalliferous minerals; Leaching by product is less, and it is less that the leaching effect of system is affected by by product; And technique is not high to equipment requirements, environmental friendliness.
(2) soak contrast with traditional ammonia, improved the problems such as its cost is large, energy consumption is high, environmental pollution is serious, can carry out under field conditions (factors) large scale heap leaching, and without specific installation, invest little, cost is low.
Brief description of the drawings
Bioleaching copper oxide ore process flow sheet under Fig. 1 alkaline condition;
Under Fig. 2 alkaline condition, bacteria heap leaching leaches copper oxide ore process flow sheet;
Bacterium agitation leach copper oxide ore process flow sheet under Fig. 3 alkaline condition;
Embodiment
Below specific embodiment of the invention is described further, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the scope of following described embodiment.
Embodiment mono-:
The specific implementation method of this novel process is described as an example of dump leaching leaching example, and its technical process as shown in Figure 2.
Operation one: leach and prepare
Domestic certain copper mine is the high copper oxide ore containing basic gangue, copper mine oxidation ratio 35%～65%, ore copper grade 0.9～1.3%.Ore is carried out to fragmentation, make ore maximum particle size be no more than 50mm.In stockyard, lay antiseepage heelpiece, lay leach liquor circulating pipe system simultaneously.Ore deposit heap area is 800m × 150m, and high 2～5m is piled in ore deposit.
Use fermentation using bacteria tank large scale culturing alkalescence bacterium JAT-1 under the condition of pH=9, the variation of bacterial concentration and bacterium liquid pH in monitoring culturing process.Treat that bacterial concentration reaches 1 × 10
7～1 × 10
8individual/when ml, to get Bacteria liquid and liquid nutrient medium and be mixed and made into leaching agent.At the leaching initial stage, in leaching agent, the ratio of Bacteria liquid and liquid nutrient medium is got 1:5～1:7, and the leaching later stage is reduced to 1:8～1:10 gradually.
Operation two: alkaline Bioleaching
Use leaching agent to spray ore deposit heap, spraying intensity is 10～15L/m
2h.At the dump leaching initial stage, adopt whole day spray substantially, and dump leaching sprays 12～18h every day in mid-term, sprays 5～10h every day in dump leaching later stage.Ore deposit heap leaching cycle is 10～30 days.In leaching process, monitor leach liquor pH, if when pH < 9, add ammoniacal liquor to regulate the pH of infusion solution, ensure pH >=9 in Leaching Systems.
Operation three: metal recovery
Leach liquor in heap enters collecting tank by seepage flow, copper ion concentration in collecting tank is detected, as Cu in leach liquor
2+when >1g/L, can enter extraction and electrodeposition operation, otherwise, be back to operation two and continue circulation.
After dump leaching 30 days, the leaching yield of copper reaches 70%.
Embodiment bis-:
The specific implementation method of this novel process is described as an example of agitation leach example, and its technical process as shown in Figure 3.
Operation one: leach and prepare
High containing basic gangue copper oxide ore oxidation ratio 35%～65%, ore copper grade 0.8%～1.3%, copper oxide ore is mainly malachite and chrysocolla, is secondly copper lazur.Ore is carried out to fragmentation, ore grinding, ore grade+200 order content is reached more than 80%, and-200 order less thaies 20%.
Use fermentation using bacteria tank large scale culturing alkalescence bacterium JAT-1 under the condition of pH=9, in monitoring bacteria growth process, the variation of bacterial concentration and bacterium liquid pH value, treats that bacterial concentration reaches 1 × 10
8～1 × 10
9individual/when ml, to get Bacteria liquid and liquid nutrient medium and be mixed and made into leaching agent.In leaching agent, the ratio control of Bacteria liquid and liquid nutrient medium is within the scope of 1:5～1:10.
Operation two: alkaline Bioleaching
By leaching agent and mineral with liquid-solid ratio (2～8): 1 ratio adds agitation vat to carry out agitation leach, steel basin rotating speed 100～150rpm.In leach liquor, pass into air and stir, air intake is by every cube of slurry (0.08～0.2) m
3/ h.Establish altogether 4～8 steel basins, steel basin specification (φ 4～φ 6) m, height 3.0～4.0m.Steel basin operation in parallel, alternated time is 1.0h.Leaching cycle is 6～12h.In leaching process, monitor leach liquor pH, if when pH < 9, add ammoniacal liquor to regulate the pH of infusion solution, ensure pH >=9 in Leaching Systems.
Operation three: solid-liquid separation
Ore pulp after leaching is discharged into settling tank, totally 12 settling tanks, and specification is (φ 8～φ 10) m, is highly 3.0m.If 3 grades of settling tanks, series connection is used.Settling tank is the Hhigh-efficient thickener of peripheral-traction, adds anionic property polyacrylamide solution, and unit consumption is 30～50g/t.Detect the copper ion solution in overflow, in the time exceeding 1g/L, enter subsequent processing as rich solution.When not enough 1g/L, turn back in steel basin as lean solution.
After agitation leach 120h, the leaching yield of copper reaches 45%.
Claims (4)
1. a technique for Bioleaching copper oxide ore, is characterized in that: its flow process comprises leaching preparation, alkaline Bioleaching, solid-liquid separation; Utilize a kind of alkaline bacterium and urea effect to produce ammonia, and with copper mineral generation complex reaction, realize and leach copper oxide ore under alkaline condition;
Described alkaline bacterium is the alkaline bacterium that urea decomposition can be produced to ammonia in metabolic process; Its grown cultures based component is Trisodium Citrate 5～25g/L, urea 5～20g/L, potassium primary phosphate 1.0～3.0g/L, Sodium phosphate dibasic 2.0～4.0g/L, magnesium sulfate 0.1～0.5g/L, and growth pH value is 8.0～11.0.
2. the technique of a kind of Bioleaching copper oxide ore as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described alkaline bacterium is JAT-1 bacterium, and this bacterial strain is in Chinese common micro-organisms culture presevation administrative center registration and preservation, and preserving number is: CGMCC6214.
3. the technique of a kind of Bioleaching copper oxide ore as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the leaching agent that alkaline Bioleaching adopts is to be mixed in proportion and to be formed by Bacteria liquid and its liquid nutrient medium, and both volume ratios are 1:10～1:5; At the leaching initial stage, ensure that in leach liquor, Bacteria liquid occupies higher proportion, and the ratio of Bacteria liquid and liquid nutrient medium is got 1:8～1:5; Along with the carrying out of Leaching reaction, alkaline bacterium becomes the dominant population of leaching system gradually, after this reduces gradually the ratio of Bacteria liquid in leach liquor, remains on 1:10～1:8.
4. the technique of a kind of Bioleaching copper oxide ore as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: concrete technology flow process is:
(1) leach and prepare: leach and prepare to comprise that ore is prepared and alkaline bacterium is prepared; Adopt dump leaching method to leach, ore is prepared mainly to comprise and is joined ore deposit, fragmentation, heap ore deposit; Employing paddling process leaches, and ore prepares mainly to comprise that joining ore deposit, fragmentation, ore grinding and pipeline carries; It is mainly to bacterium being carried out to extensive cultivation and domestication under alkaline condition, providing sufficient bacterial classification for soaking ore deposit that alkalescence ore-leaching bacteria is prepared;
(2) alkaline Bioleaching: leach preparation, leaching operation that operation comprises leaching agent; The preparation of leaching agent refers to alkaline bacterium liquid and the liquid nutrient medium in above-mentioned operation, cultivated is mixed by a certain percentage; If operation is leached in dump leaching, that leaching agent spray is upper to ore deposit heap, carry out Leaching reaction; If agitation leach operation, adds to pulp tank by leaching agent and stirs; In leaching process, monitor leach liquor pH, if when pH < 9, add ammoniacal liquor to regulate the pH of infusion solution, ensure pH >=9 in Leaching Systems;
(3) solid-liquid separation; If adopt dump leaching to leach, can directly obtain leach liquor, leach rich solution Cu
2+further enrichment when >1g/L, and leach lean solution Cu
2+<1g/L is back to leaching operation; If employing agitation leach, the ore pulp after leaching is delivered to settling tank, suitably adds after flocculation agent, carries out solid-liquid separation, and rich solution enters subsequent processing, and lean solution turns back to the utilization of leaching vat internal recycle again.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3148051A (en) * | 1962-08-03 | 1964-09-08 | Ansor Corp | Process for the production of metallic copper powder and ammonium sulfate from copper sulfate solutions |
| US20090241732A1 (en) * | 2008-03-27 | 2009-10-01 | Nippon Mining & Metals Co., Ltd. | Method of obtaining copper from ore |
| CN101748080A (en) * | 2008-11-27 | 2010-06-23 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | Ore leaching bacteria and selectivity organism extraction process of low grade zinc sulfide ore |
| CN102161977A (en) * | 2011-01-21 | 2011-08-24 | 天津工业生物技术研究所 | New alicyclobacillus strain and application thereof in bioleaching |
| CN103013847A (en) * | 2012-07-10 | 2013-04-03 | 北京科技大学 | Ammonia-producing mineral leaching bacterium JAT-1 as well as culture method and application of ammonia-producing mineral leaching bacterium JAT-1 |
-
2014
- 2014-08-11 CN CN201410391888.6A patent/CN104152692A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3148051A (en) * | 1962-08-03 | 1964-09-08 | Ansor Corp | Process for the production of metallic copper powder and ammonium sulfate from copper sulfate solutions |
| US20090241732A1 (en) * | 2008-03-27 | 2009-10-01 | Nippon Mining & Metals Co., Ltd. | Method of obtaining copper from ore |
| CN101748080A (en) * | 2008-11-27 | 2010-06-23 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | Ore leaching bacteria and selectivity organism extraction process of low grade zinc sulfide ore |
| CN102161977A (en) * | 2011-01-21 | 2011-08-24 | 天津工业生物技术研究所 | New alicyclobacillus strain and application thereof in bioleaching |
| CN103013847A (en) * | 2012-07-10 | 2013-04-03 | 北京科技大学 | Ammonia-producing mineral leaching bacterium JAT-1 as well as culture method and application of ammonia-producing mineral leaching bacterium JAT-1 |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| 刘伟芳等: "氨水对碱性细菌浸出铜尾矿的影响", 《金属矿山》, no. 1, 31 January 2011 (2011-01-31), pages 153 - 157 * |
| 沈旭主编: "《化学选矿技术》", 31 July 2011, article "《化学选矿技术》", pages: 144-145 * |
| 王洪江等: "产氨细菌浸出碱性氧化铜矿", 《北京科技大学学报》, vol. 35, no. 9, 30 September 2013 (2013-09-30), pages 1126 - 1130 * |
| 赵由才等: "《有色金属过程污染控制与资源化》", 31 December 2012, article "《有色金属过程污染控制与资源化》", pages: 123-124 * |
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Application publication date: 20141119 |