CN102002588B - Bioleaching method-uranium leaching from fungus - Google Patents
Bioleaching method-uranium leaching from fungus Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a bioleaching method-uranium leaching from fungus. The method comprises the following steps of: using chemical reagents or fermenting low-price carbon source straws to generate fungus of organic acids of citric acid, oxalic acid, malic acid and lactic acid; and leaching uranium out from uranium tailings, tailing residues, uranium barren rocks or uranium ores by utilizing the fungus (1),or fermentation liquor (2) of the fungus, or a fungus mixed fermentation liquor (3), or by adding chemical reagents, such as sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid to the fungus (1), or the fermentation liquor (2) of the fungus, or the fungus-mixed fermentation liquor (3). The invention has the advantages of convenient material obtainment, low cost, simple and convenient processing steps environmentally-friendly performance, energy saving and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of bioleaching method of environmental protection, is to utilize to produce the method that the organic acid fungies such as citric acid, oxalic acid, oxysuccinic acid, lactic acid are leached the uranium in uranium tailings, mine tailings, uranium barren rock or uranium ore.
Background technology
Uranium is the raw material of nuclear power and Nuclear weapons, and the national economic development and national defense construction are had vital role.Current, the positive develop actively Nuclear Electricity of China increases day by day to the demand of natural uranium.Yet along with exploitation for many years, the high grade uranium ore resource is day by day poor, and present mining grade is only 0.1% left and right; The two large main process that natural uranium is produced, uranium is carried in the earth's surface dump leaching and Situ Leaching is adopted the leaching yield of uranium respectively less than 85% and 60%.Simultaneously, the acid system extract technology that adopts at present, not only high to the installations and facilities requirement for anticorrosion, and produced a large amount of acid waste water, environment has been caused serious threat.Therefore, development environment close friend's the new and effective uranium method of soaking is extremely urgent.
Microbial leaching is a kind of novel process of utilizing microbial process to combine with hydrometallurgy, is microbiology and the new technology that forms of mining technique subject crossing in modern age.It has that production cost is low, less investment, technical process is short, equipment is simple, eco-friendly characteristics, is particularly suitable for the low-grade mineral resource processing and utilization.Although Microorganism Leaching is a kind of effective means, there is following outstanding problem in present technique: bacterial growth is slow, and the metabolism time is long; Only be suitable for the leaching of sulphide ores, and China's uranium ore resource is take low-grade non-sulfide ore as main; Can not reduce the acid waste water of generation.
A kind of new biology of this seminar invention soaks uranium method-fungi and soaks uranium and can solve above problem.
Research finds that many fungies can produce a large amount of organic acids in culturing process, and these organic acids can form stable complex compound with uranium, thereby reach the purpose that uranium is leached from ore.This seminar selects some volume production organic acid fungies greatly through constantly screening, then uses these fungies and soak the uranium experiment, has selected and has soaked uranium effect fungi preferably, and making fungi soak uranium becomes possibility.Can use the cheap material of price such as stalk due to fungi and carry out large scale fermentation and cultivate, thus can greatly reduce costs, high grade ore not only, low grade ore and uranium tailings, uranium barren rock etc. have also all had extraction value, have widened the scope of utilizing of uranium resources.And mycetogenetic is relatively mild organic acid, so can greatly alleviate the pollution to environment.
Summary of the invention
For above situation, this patent has been invented a kind of method of utilizing fungi that the uranium in uranium ore is leached take uranium ore as research object.This invention has the multiple advantages such as material is convenient, with low cost, simple processing step, environmental friendliness, energy conservation.
The method utilizes chemical reagent or the cheap carbon source through fermentation of stalk to produce citric acid, oxalic acid, oxysuccinic acid, lactic acid organic acid fungi, use 1. fungi or 2. its fermented liquid or 3. fungi mixed fermentation liquid or 1. or 2. or add chemical reagent such as sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid on basis 3., the uranium in uranium tailings, mine tailings, uranium barren rock or uranium ore is leached.Six kinds of modes that obtain the uranium leach liquor are arranged, are specially:
1) direct uranium ore is joined inoculated in the substratum that produces sour fungi, fungi constantly enrichment in ore pulp, product acid and Leaching Uranium, and cultivation finishes rear the filtration and obtains the uranium leach liquor;
2) large scale fermentation is cultivated fungi, filters and removes mycelium, drips with filtrate and drenches the ore deposit heap, collects the uranium leach liquor;
3) use liquid nutrient medium to drip and drench the ore deposit heap, collect the uranium leach liquor;
4) large scale fermentation is cultivated fungi, filters and removes mycelium, drips with filtrate and drenches the ore deposit heap, leaches and drips pouring with dilute sulphuric acid latter stage, collects the uranium leach liquor;
5) use liquid nutrient medium to drip and drench the ore deposit heap, leach to drip to drench to help with dilute sulphuric acid or other chemical reagent latter stage and soak, collect filtrate;
6) large scale fermentation is cultivated fungi, filters and removes mycelium, adds dilute sulphuric acid or other chemical reagent to drip and drenches the ore deposit heap, collects the uranium leach liquor.
The measure of collecting after filtrate is:
After the filtrate process uranium concentration of collecting, pH value, potentiometric detection, select the resins exchange method uranium leach liquor to be carried out the recovery of uranium.
The present invention has solved take the cheap material such as fungi, stalk and uranium ore as raw material the problem that the exploitation difficulty is large, low in economic efficiency, environmental pollution is large that present uranium mining exists.
The fungi of this patent invention is soaked the uranium method, and method, have following technical superiority compared to existing technology;
(1) fungi is soaked uranium provides a kind of feasible reoovery method to the uranium ore that can't develop with traditional method.
(2) fungi is soaked uranium to the less pollution of environment.
(3) fungi is soaked the raw material sources convenience of uranium, and fungi is cultured continuously constantly, has saved cost and time.
(4) fungal growth speed is fast, and growth conditions is required simply, is easy to cultivate.
(5) fungi is adaptable, can be used for the leaching of various uranium ores.
(6) this method is not only applicable to the leaching of high grade uranium ore, and is applicable to the exploitation of the uranium-bearing matrix such as uranium tailings, mine tailings, uranium barren rock and low-grade uranium ore, has enlarged utilization of resources scope, has improved resource recovery.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with embodiment.
The I material forms
Cheap carbon source, the uranium ores such as fungi, chemical reagent or stalk.
The II principle
It is mainly that the uranium in uranium ore is leached in a large amount of acid that using fungus produces in culturing process that fungi is soaked uranium, and this has also brought into play larger effect fungi in leaching process.
Direct effect: fungi is attached on ore, helps to destroy the lattice of ore, and can enlarge the ore crack, helps the carrying out of the complexing action of organic acid and uranium.
Indirect action: soak the uranium fungi and can produce the organic acids such as citric acid, oxalic acid, oxysuccinic acid, lactic acid, these organic acids have the coordinate bonds such as carboxyl, can complexing be arranged with uranium, thereby uranium is extracted from ore.
The III embodiment
A kind of method of utilizing fungi to leach uranium ore.Its concrete steps are:
(1) fungi in uranium ore water is carried out enrichment culture, filter out the strong fungi of acid producing ability, it is carried out enrichment and conservation.
(2) fungi that filters out is soaked uranium research, filter out and soak the effective bacterial strain of uranium.
(3) with the cheap carbon source large scale fermentation fungi of the prices such as stalk.
(4) get culture or filter after nutrient solution soak the ore deposit, collect the uranium leach liquor.
(5) measure filtrate volume, uranium ion concentration, pH value and Eh value.
(6) reclaim the uranium of qualified filtrate.
IV embodiment
Embodiment 1, get 745 ore deposit 501 work area 5g and be milled to-200 purpose breezes and put in the 150mL Erlenmeyer flask, kraft paper sealing, 121 ℃ of autoclaving 30min, add PDA substratum and the 0.5mL aspergillus niger mother liquor of 100mL sterilization, put 30 ℃ of constant temperature air bath shaking table shaking culture.Cultivate and took out afterwards in 7 days, filter, get the slag specimen drying, be milled to-200 orders, analyze uranium content, calculate leaching yield.The result demonstration, leaching yield reaches 73.81%.
Embodiment 2, get 745 ore deposit 501 work area 5g and be milled to-200 purpose breezes and put in the 150mL Erlenmeyer flask, kraft paper sealing, 121 ℃ of autoclaving 30min, add PDA substratum and the 0.5mL mould mother liquor of 100mL sterilization, put 30 ℃ of constant temperature air bath shaking table shaking culture.Cultivate and took out afterwards in 7 days, filter, get the slag specimen drying, be milled to-200 orders, analyze uranium content, calculate leaching yield.The result demonstration, leaching yield reaches 73.42%.
Embodiment 3, get 745 ore deposit 501 work area 5g and be milled to-200 purpose breezes and put in the 150mL Erlenmeyer flask, kraft paper sealing, 121 ℃ of autoclaving 30min, add PDA substratum and the red yeast of 0.5mL of 100mL sterilization, put 30 ℃ of constant temperature air bath shaking table shaking culture.Cultivate and took out afterwards in 7 days, filter, get the slag specimen drying, be milled to-200 orders, analyze uranium content, calculate leaching yield.The result demonstration, leaching yield reaches 69.84%.
Embodiment 4, and get 718 ore deposit 5g and be milled to-200 purpose breezes and put in the 150mL Erlenmeyer flask, the kraft paper sealing, 121 ℃ of autoclaving 30min add PDA substratum and the 0.5mL aspergillus niger mother liquor of 100mL sterilization, put 30 ℃ of constant temperature air bath shaking table shaking culture.Cultivate and took out afterwards in 7 days, filter, get the slag specimen drying, be milled to-200 orders, analyze uranium content, calculate leaching yield.The result demonstration, leaching yield reaches 72.02%.
Embodiment 5, and get 718 ore deposit 5g and be milled to-200 purpose breezes and put in the 150mL Erlenmeyer flask, the kraft paper sealing, 121 ℃ of autoclaving 30min add PDA substratum and the 0.5mL mould mother liquor of 100mL sterilization, put 30 ℃ of constant temperature air bath shaking table shaking culture.Cultivate and took out afterwards in 7 days, filter, get the slag specimen drying, be milled to-200 orders, analyze uranium content, calculate leaching yield.The result demonstration, leaching yield reaches 79.57%.
Embodiment 6, and get 718 ore deposit 5g and be milled to-200 purpose breezes and put in the 150mL Erlenmeyer flask, the kraft paper sealing, 121 ℃ of autoclaving 30min add PDA substratum and the red yeast mother liquor of 0.5mL of 100mL sterilization, put 30 ℃ of constant temperature air bath shaking table shaking culture.Cultivate and took out afterwards in 7 days, filter, get the slag specimen drying, be milled to-200 orders, analyze uranium content, calculate leaching yield.The result demonstration, leaching yield reaches 58.6%.
Be only below better embodiment of the present invention, according to above-mentioned design of the present invention, those skilled in the art can also make to this various modifications and conversion.For example, adopt different fungies to soak uranium, utilize fungi that the uranium in uranium tailings, mine tailings, uranium barren rock or uranium ore is exploited utilization, utilized fungi to carry out the exploitation of other metals, substratum to fungi is improved, adopt different culture condition and incubation time, use the absorption property of fungi uranium-containing waste water to be processed and reclaimed uranium etc.Similar this conversion and modification all belong to essence of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. the fungi of a bioleaching is soaked the uranium method, it is characterized in that: utilize the cheap carbon source through fermentation of chemical reagent or stalk to produce citric acid, oxalic acid, oxysuccinic acid, lactic acid organic acid fungi, use 1. fungi or 2. its fermented liquid or 3. fungi mixed fermentation liquid or 1. or 2. or on basis 3. adding chemical reagent, the uranium in uranium tailings, mine tailings, uranium barren rock or uranium ore is leached;
The concrete steps that fungi is soaked uranium are:
(1) fungi in uranium ore water is carried out enrichment culture, filter out the strong fungi of acid producing ability, it is carried out enrichment and conservation;
(2) fungi that filters out is soaked uranium research, filter out and soak the effective bacterial strain of uranium;
(3) with chemical reagent or the cheap carbon source large scale fermentation fungi of stalk;
(4) get culture or filter after nutrient solution or above-mentioned substance jointly soak the ore deposit, soak the ore deposit and add sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid and help and soak, collect leach liquor;
(5) measure leach liquor volume, uranium ion concentration, pH value and Eh value;
(6) reclaim the uranium of qualified filtrate;
Obtain the mode of uranium leach liquor, following mode specifically arranged:
1) direct uranium ore is joined inoculated in the substratum that produces sour fungi, fungi constantly enrichment in ore pulp, product acid and Leaching Uranium, and cultivation finishes rear the filtration and obtains the uranium leach liquor;
2) large scale fermentation is cultivated fungi, filters and removes mycelium, drips with filtrate and drenches the ore deposit heap, collects the uranium leach liquor;
3) use liquid nutrient medium to drip and drench the ore deposit heap, collect the uranium leach liquor;
4) large scale fermentation is cultivated fungi, filters and removes mycelium, drips with filtrate and drenches the ore deposit heap, leaches and drips pouring with dilute sulphuric acid latter stage, collects the uranium leach liquor;
5) use liquid nutrient medium to drip and drench the ore deposit heap, leach to drip to drench to help with dilute sulphuric acid or other chemical reagent latter stage and soak, collect filtrate;
6) large scale fermentation is cultivated fungi, filters and removes mycelium, adds dilute sulphuric acid or other chemical reagent to drip and drenches the ore deposit heap, collects the uranium leach liquor.
2. the fungi of a kind of bioleaching according to claim 1 is soaked the uranium method, it is characterized in that, the uranium leach liquor is carried out the recovery of uranium with the method for resins exchange.
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| WO2012139166A1 (en) * | 2011-04-13 | 2012-10-18 | Bioheap Limited | Leach process |
| CN104046807B (en) * | 2014-06-26 | 2015-12-02 | 东华理工大学 | A kind of pool animalcule leaching uranium method |
| CN104060113B (en) * | 2014-06-26 | 2015-09-02 | 东华理工大学 | A kind of Alkaline uranium ore stone pool hydrochloric acid lixiviating technique |
| CN104533346A (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2015-04-22 | 核工业北京化工冶金研究院 | Method for preparing hole flushing agent through citric acid in in-situ leaching uranium mining process |
| CN104711439A (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2015-06-17 | 核工业北京化工冶金研究院 | In-situ leaching uranium mining method by using mixing organic acidity as leaching agent |
| CN108285981B (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2020-05-19 | 南华大学 | Method for extracting uranium from fly ash of fire coal |
| CN113337409B (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2023-05-16 | 东华理工大学 | Aspergillus niger strain 738Y-15MJ and application thereof |
| CN114233258A (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2022-03-25 | 核工业二三O研究所 | Fracturing method for difficult-to-leach sandstone uranium deposit reservoir transformation |
| CN117265300A (en) * | 2023-11-23 | 2023-12-22 | 核工业北京化工冶金研究院 | Method for improving reaction rate of neutral in-situ leaching uranium mining |
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| CN100368531C (en) * | 2005-12-05 | 2008-02-13 | 东华理工学院 | Acidophilic leptospirillumferrooxidans and its uses |
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