CN102230084B - Coated biological oxidation pretreatment method of low-level arsenic refractory gold ores - Google Patents
Coated biological oxidation pretreatment method of low-level arsenic refractory gold ores Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a coated biological oxidation pretreatment method of low-level arsenic refractory gold ores. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) crushing and screening low-level arsenic refractory gold ores to obtain fine ores and ores; making the fine ores into flotation gold concentrate; uniformly spraying sodium silicate adhesive on the surfaces of the fine ores so as to obtain adhesive ores; (2) uniformly coating the flotation gold concentrate on the surfaces of the adhesive ores; (3) after piling the ores, spraying sulfuric acid; (4) spraying bacteria liquid on ore piles; (5) when the arsenic removal rate of the ores in the ore piles is more than 60 % and the desulfurization degree is more than 40 %, stopping the spraying of the bacteria liquid so as to finish biological oxidation pretreatment. By using the method provided by the invention, the recycling rate of the gold can be increased; and the method provided by the invention has the advantages of low production cost, les energy consumption, less drug usage, low labor intensity, simple process flow, low equipment requirement, easiness in implementation and no generation of waste gas.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of bio-oxidation Pre-bioleaching of Refractory Gold, particularly a kind of coating biological oxidation pretreatment method of low-level arsenic refractory gold ores.
Background technology
Major part belongs to low-grade, unmanageable resource in the gold mine mineral products resource reserve of China, and arsenic-containing gold ore is a kind of typical Refractory Au-ores, because gold is micro-or inferior micro-shape by pyrite and mispickel parcel, needs ore is carried out oxidation pre-treatment before leaching.The bio-oxidation Pre-bioleaching of Refractory Gold, the leaching yield of gold is high, environmental friendliness; But because the problem of production cost, the economy of processing low-grade Refractory Au-ores with tank leaching process is under suspicion.
The biological dump leaching technology is a kind of new technology that the bio-oxidation technology is combined with heap Leaching, still be at present the starting stage, exist in actual applications dump leaching time length, ore oxidation rate to hang down the problems such as follow-up gold leaching rate is low that reach, adopting the pre-treatment of dump leaching method to contain the arsenic Refractory Au-ores does not also have cost-effective method at present, and therefore developing the method that a kind of quick, economic oxidation pre-treatment contains the low-grade Refractory Au-ores of arsenic is present urgent problem.
Summary of the invention
In the problem that preconditioning technique exists, the invention provides a kind of coating biological oxidation pretreatment method of low-grade treating refractory As-containing gold ore for existing low-grade treating refractory As-containing gold ore.
Method of the present invention is carried out according to the following steps:
1, will sieve after the low-grade treating refractory As-containing gold ore fragmentation, being divided into granularity is the muck of 6 ~ 25mm less than ore deposit in small, broken bits and the granularity of 6mm, and granularity is carried out fine grinding less than the ore deposit in small, broken bits of 6mm, and floating and enriching makes gold floatation concentrate again; Evenly spray is surperficial at muck with water glass of binder, obtains the bonding muck, and the consumption of water glass is 75 ~ 150L/t muck;
2, with nodulizer gold floatation concentrate is evenly wrapped up bonding muck surface, make and coat the ore deposit, gold floatation concentrate is 1:(5 ~ 20 with the mass ratio of bonding muck);
3, will coat the ore deposit and build heap, then ore deposit heap spray sulfuric acid be carried out acid treatment, the pH value of ore deposit heap will be adjusted to 1.6 ~ 1.8 sour environment;
4, will grow into logarithmic phase, flora density is 10
8~ 10
10The bacterium liquid of cell/mL sprays the ore deposit and piles, and makes bacterium in the inner breeding growth of ore deposit heap, as the growth energy, and makes the gold that is wrapped in the sulfide exposed with the sulfide in the heap of ore deposit; Wherein the spray rate of bacterium liquid is 10 ~ 30L/m
2H, bacterium liquid oozes out rear recycle from heap bottom, ore deposit; Bacterium in the described bacterium liquid is the mixed bacterium of thiobacillus ferrooxidant and the little spirillum of iron protoxide;
5, when the arsenic-removing rate of ore in the ore deposit heap greater than 60% and desulfurization degree greater than 40% the time, stop to spray bacterium liquid, finish the bio-oxidation pre-treatment.
The above-mentioned bacterium liquid diafiltration of finishing in the heap of the pretreated material placement of bio-oxidation 10 ~ 30 angel ore deposits is clean; Again with clear water washing ore deposit heap, to the pH=6 of scrub stream fluid ~ 7, then carry out ore grinding with the ore of ball mill after to washing, the part that the granularity of ore is controlled at less than 0.075mm behind the mill accounts for more than 80% of ore total mass; Ore behind the ore grinding is carried out Cyanide Leaching, and the leaching yield of gold is more than 80%.
The pH=1.2 of the bacteria leachate that control goes out from ore deposit heap bottom diafiltration in the aforesaid method spray bacterium liquid process ~ 2.0, when bacteria leachate pH value surpassed this scope, adding lime or sulfuric acid were adjusted to pH=1.2 ~ 2.0 in the bacteria leachate.
The principal element content of above-mentioned low-level arsenic refractory gold ores is Au 1.37 ~ 1.91g/t, and Fe 2.83 ~ 3.28%, and S 3.17 ~ 3.66%, and As 0.129 ~ 0.388%.
The principal element content of above-mentioned gold floatation concentrate is Au 12.3 ~ 22.1g/t, and Fe 34.27 ~ 37.9%, and S 37.4 ~ 39.1%, and As 1.39 ~ 2.16%.
The present invention is bonded in outside the low-level arsenic refractory gold ores stone by gold floatation concentrate is coated, and carries out the biological dump leaching oxidation pre-treatment, has greatly improved the oxidation ratio of ore, low-grade treating refractory As-containing gold ore resource is fully utilized, improved gold recovery, and production cost is low, consuming little energy, dosing is few, labour intensity is low, and technical process is simple, and equipment requirements is low, easy to implement, do not produce waste gas.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the coating bio-oxidation pretreatment process schematic diagram of low-level arsenic refractory gold ores of the present invention.
Embodiment
Thiobacillus ferrooxidant in the embodiment of the invention is through the center preservation of Chinese Typical Representative culture collection, preservation date: on April 30th, 2007, deposit number CCTCC NO.M207216, the Classification And Nomenclature of proposal: thiobacillus ferrooxidant HQ0211.
The little spirillum of iron protoxide in the embodiment of the invention is through the center preservation of Chinese Typical Representative culture collection, preservation date: on April 12nd, 2009, deposit number CCTCC NO.M209074, the Classification And Nomenclature of proposal: the little spirillum SYZ-03 of iron protoxide.
The water glass that adopts in the embodiment of the invention is technical grade product.
The sulfuric acid that adopts in the embodiment of the invention is industrial sulphuric acid.
Gold floatation concentrate of the present invention is the gold floatation concentrate that conventional industrial process makes.
The equipment of pH value determination and current potential is the accurate pH meter of Shanghai thunder magnetic PHS-2F type in the embodiment of the invention.
The ball mill that adopts in the embodiment of the invention is the XQM-350X160 conical bell mill.
The nodulizer that adopts in the embodiment of the invention is the self-control drum pelletizer.
The mass ratio of ore is 1.5 ~ 3:1 in the total mass of the bacterium liquid that sprays in the embodiment of the invention and the ore deposit heap.
Cyanide Leaching in the embodiment of the invention is conventional Cyanide Leaching, and the mass concentration of sodium cyanide is controlled at 0.1%; Leaching Systems pH is controlled at 10 ~ 11, and pulp density 30%, extraction time are 48h.
Build in the embodiment of the invention after the bacterium liquid of spray oozes out from heap bottom, ore deposit behind the heap, bacteria leachate is collected recycle.
Embodiment 1
Adopt Anhui Province's low-level arsenic refractory gold ores, principal element content is Au 1.91g/t, and Fe 3.28%, and S 3.65%, and As 0.388%; After fragmentation, sieve out granularity take low-level arsenic refractory gold ores as raw material less than the ore deposit in small, broken bits of 6mm and the granularity muck as 6 ~ 25mm; Gold floatation concentrate is made through fine grinding and flotation in ore deposit in small, broken bits, and its principal element content is Au 12.3g/t, and Fe 34.27%, and S 37.4%, and As 1.91%;
Evenly spray is surperficial at muck with water glass of binder, obtains the bonding muck, and the consumption of water glass is the 100L/t muck;
With drum pelletizer gold floatation concentrate is evenly wrapped up bonding muck surface, make and coat the ore deposit, gold floatation concentrate is 1:10 with the mass ratio of bonding muck;
To coat the ore deposit and build heap, then ore deposit heap spray sulfuric acid be carried out acid treatment, the pH value of ore deposit heap will be adjusted to 1.6 sour environment;
To grow into logarithmic phase, flora density is 7.62 * 10
8The bacterium liquid of cell/ mL sprays the ore deposit and piles, and makes bacterium in the inner breeding growth of ore deposit heap, as the growth energy, and makes the gold that is wrapped in the sulfide exposed with the sulfide in the heap of ore deposit; Wherein the spray rate of bacterium liquid is 20L/m
2H, bacterium liquid oozes out rear recycle from heap bottom, ore deposit; Bacterium in the bacterium liquid is the mixed bacterium of thiobacillus ferrooxidant and the little spirillum of iron protoxide;
Spray bacterium liquid is after 110 days, and the arsenic-removing rate of ore is 71.12% in the heap of ore deposit, desulfurization degree is 42.41%, stops to spray bacterium liquid, finishes the bio-oxidation pre-treatment;
The bacterium liquid diafiltration of placing in the heap of 20 angel ore deposits is clean;
With clear water washing ore deposit heap, to the pH=6.07 of effluent liquid, with the ore fine grinding of ball mill after to washing, the granularity of breeze accounts for 92% of total mass less than the part of 0.075mm behind the mill again;
Ore Cyanide Leaching after will grinding, the mass concentration of sodium cyanide is 0.1%; Leaching Systems pH value is controlled at 10 ~ 11, and pulp density 30%, extraction time are 48h; The gold cyanidation leaching yield is 83.87%, has improved 65.33% than the leaching yield 18.54% without the direct Cyanide Leaching of wrapping biological oxidation pre-treatment.
Embodiment 2
Adopt Hunan Province's low-level arsenic refractory gold ores, principal element content is Au 1.74g/t, and Fe 2.83%, and S 3.17%, and As 0.129%; After fragmentation, sieve out granularity take low-level arsenic refractory gold ores as raw material less than the ore deposit in small, broken bits of 6mm and the granularity muck as 6 ~ 25mm; Gold floatation concentrate is made through fine grinding and flotation in ore deposit in small, broken bits, and its principal element content is Au 22.1g/t, and Fe 37.9%, and S 39.1%, and As 1.395%;
Evenly spray is surperficial at muck with water glass of binder, obtains the bonding muck, and the consumption of water glass is the 75L/t muck;
With drum pelletizer gold floatation concentrate is evenly wrapped up bonding muck surface, make and coat the ore deposit, gold floatation concentrate is 1:20 with the mass ratio of bonding muck;
To coat the ore deposit and build heap, then ore deposit heap spray sulfuric acid be carried out acid treatment, the pH value of ore deposit heap will be adjusted to 1.8 sour environment;
To grow into logarithmic phase, flora density is 1.03 * 10
9The bacterium liquid of cell/mL sprays the ore deposit and piles, and makes bacterium in the inner breeding growth of ore deposit heap, as the growth energy, and makes the gold that is wrapped in the sulfide exposed with the sulfide in the heap of ore deposit; Wherein the spray rate of bacterium liquid is 30L/m
2H, bacterium liquid oozes out rear recycle from heap bottom, ore deposit; Bacterium in the bacterium liquid is the mixed bacterium of thiobacillus ferrooxidant and the little spirillum of iron protoxide;
Spray bacterium liquid is after 140 days, and the arsenic-removing rate of ore is 79.4% in the heap of ore deposit, desulfurization degree is 41.57%, stops to spray bacterium liquid, finishes the bio-oxidation pre-treatment;
The bacterium liquid diafiltration of placing in the heap of 10 angel ore deposits is clean; To ore deposit heap washing, to the pH=6.61 of effluent liquid, with the ore fine grinding of ball mill after to washing, the granularity of breeze accounts for 87% of total mass less than the part of 0.075mm behind the mill again with clear water;
Ore Cyanide Leaching after will grinding, the mass concentration of sodium cyanide is 0.1%; Leaching Systems pH value is controlled at 10 ~ 11, and pulp density 30%, extraction time are 48h; The gold cyanidation leaching yield is 86.35%, has improved 65.11% than the leaching yield 21.24% without the direct Cyanide Leaching of wrapping biological oxidation pre-treatment.
Embodiment 3
Adopt Liaoning Province's low-level arsenic refractory gold ores, principal element content is Au 1.37g/t, and Fe 3.24%, and S 3.66%, and As 0.197%; After fragmentation, sieve out granularity take low-level arsenic refractory gold ores as raw material less than the ore deposit in small, broken bits of 6mm and the granularity muck as 6 ~ 25mm; Gold floatation concentrate is made through fine grinding and flotation in ore deposit in small, broken bits, and its principal element content is Au 14.1g/t, and Fe 36.2%, and S 38.2%, and As 2.16%;
Evenly spray is surperficial at muck with water glass of binder, obtains the bonding muck, and the consumption of water glass is the 150L/t muck;
With drum pelletizer gold floatation concentrate is evenly wrapped up bonding muck surface, make and coat the ore deposit, gold floatation concentrate is 1:5 with the mass ratio of bonding muck;
To coat the ore deposit and build heap, then ore deposit heap spray sulfuric acid be carried out acid treatment, the pH value of ore deposit heap will be adjusted to 1.7 sour environment;
To grow into logarithmic phase, flora density is 8.76 * 10
8The bacterium liquid of cell/mL sprays the ore deposit and piles, and makes bacterium in the inner breeding growth of ore deposit heap, as the growth energy, and makes the gold that is wrapped in the sulfide exposed with the sulfide in the heap of ore deposit; Wherein the spray rate of bacterium liquid is 10L/m
2H, bacterium liquid oozes out rear recycle from heap bottom, ore deposit; Bacterium in the bacterium liquid is the mixed bacterium of thiobacillus ferrooxidant and the little spirillum of iron protoxide;
Spray bacterium liquid is after 90 days, and the arsenic-removing rate of ore is 69.1%, desulfurization degree is 43.42%, stops to spray bacterium liquid, finishes the bio-oxidation pre-treatment;
The bacterium liquid diafiltration of placing in the heap of 30 angel ore deposits is clean; To ore deposit heap washing, to the pH=6.87 of effluent liquid, with the ore fine grinding of ball mill after to washing, the granularity of breeze accounts for 90.4% of total mass less than the part of 0.075mm behind the mill again with clear water;
Ore Cyanide Leaching after will grinding, the mass concentration of sodium cyanide is 0.1%; Leaching Systems pH value is controlled at 10 ~ 11, and pulp density 30%, extraction time are 48h; The gold cyanidation leaching yield is 80.52%, has improved 63.37% than the leaching yield 17.15% without the direct Cyanide Leaching of wrapping biological oxidation pre-treatment.
Embodiment 4
The low-level arsenic refractory gold ores raw ore, gold floatation concentrate and the water glass that adopt are with embodiment 1, and the biological oxidation pretreatment method operation steps is with embodiment 1, and difference is: the spray rate of bacterium liquid is 15L/m
2H;
The arsenic-removing rate of ore is 72.45% after 110 days wrapping biological oxidation pre-treatment, desulfurization degree is 44.35%;
With clear water ore deposit heap is washed, to the pH=6.42 of effluent liquid, with the ore fine grinding of ball mill after to washing, the granularity of breeze accounts for 88% of total mass less than the part of 0.075mm behind the mill again;
Ore Cyanide Leaching after will grinding, the mass concentration of sodium cyanide is 0.1%; Leach pH=10 ~ 11, pulp density 30%, extraction time are 48h; The gold cyanidation leaching yield is 88.42%, improves 69.88% than the leaching yield 18.54% without the direct Cyanide Leaching of wrapping biological oxidation pre-treatment.
Claims (2)
1. the coating biological oxidation pretreatment method of a low-level arsenic refractory gold ores is characterized in that carrying out according to the following steps:
(1) be Au 1.37 ~ 1.91g/t with principal element content, Fe 2.83 ~ 3.28%, S 3.17 ~ 3.66%, sieve after the low-level arsenic refractory gold ores fragmentation of As 0.129 ~ 0.388%, being divided into granularity is the muck of 6 ~ 25mm less than ore deposit in small, broken bits and the granularity of 6mm, with the in small, broken bits ore fine grinding of granularity less than 6mm, to make principal element content be Au 12.3 ~ 22.1g/t to floating and enriching again, Fe34.27 ~ 37.9%, S 37.4 ~ 39.1%, the gold floatation concentrate of As 1.395 ~ 2.16%; Evenly spray is surperficial at muck with water glass of binder, obtains the bonding muck, and the consumption of water glass is 75 ~ 150L/t muck;
(2) with nodulizer gold floatation concentrate is evenly wrapped up bonding muck surface, make and coat the ore deposit, gold floatation concentrate is 1:(5 ~ 20 with the mass ratio of bonding muck);
(3) will coat the ore deposit and build heap, then ore deposit heap spray sulfuric acid be carried out acid treatment, the pH value of ore deposit heap will be adjusted to 1.6 ~ 1.8 sour environment;
(4) will grow into logarithmic phase, flora density is 10
8~ 10
10The bacterium liquid of cell/mL sprays the ore deposit and piles, and makes bacterium in the inner breeding growth of ore deposit heap, as the growth energy, and makes the gold that is wrapped in the sulfide exposed with the sulfide in the heap of ore deposit; Wherein the spray rate of bacterium liquid is 10 ~ 30L/m
2H, bacterium liquid oozes out rear recycle from heap bottom, ore deposit; Bacterium in the described bacterium liquid is that deposit number is the mixed bacterium of thiobacillus ferrooxidant and the little spirillum of iron protoxide that deposit number is CCTCC NO.M209074 of CCTCC NO.M207216;
(5) when the arsenic-removing rate of ore in the ore deposit heap greater than 60% and desulfurization degree greater than 40% the time, stop to spray bacterium liquid, finish the bio-oxidation pre-treatment.
2. the coating biological oxidation pretreatment method of low-level arsenic refractory gold ores according to claim 1, it is characterized in that spraying in the bacterium liquid process pH=1.2 of the bacteria leachate that control goes out from ore deposit heap bottom diafiltration ~ 2, when bacteria leachate pH value surpasses this scope, in the heap of ore deposit, add lime or sulfuric acid adjusting.
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