Summary of the invention
The present invention overcomes the deficiencies in the prior art to provide a kind of composite multi-functional filter sandstone medium filter and brush type self-cleaning filter combined.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of composite multi-functional filter, it is characterized in that: the inside of tank body is separated into sandstone media filtration chamber by upper spacer and lower clapboard from top to bottom successively, wedge shape net formula filter chamber and clear water collect cavity, wherein the top in sandstone media filtration chamber is provided with the water-locator be connected with water inlet, water inlet is connected with water inlet hydrodynamic(al) three-way valve, the inside in sandstone media filtration chamber is filled with sandstone media filtration layer by the sand loading hole on cavity wall, one deck filter cap is provided with in the bottom of sandstone media filtration layer, this filter cap is fixed on the upside of upper spacer, wedge shape net formula filter chamber is between upper spacer and lower clapboard, wherein wedge shape filter screen is fixed on the downside of upper spacer by wedge shape filter screen fixed mount, hairbrush is provided with in the outside of wedge shape filter screen, this hairbrush is fixed on hairbrush fixed mount, the center of hairbrush fixed mount is fixed on screw shaft, the top of this screw shaft is screw rod, remainder is optical axis, screw shaft is connected with the reductor at tank body top through sandstone media filtration chamber, reductor is connected with motor, the extreme position that screw shaft runs up and down is controlled by upper and lower two proximity switches respectively, the stroke of screw shaft is consistent with the length of wedge shape filter screen, the bottom of wedge shape filter screen is provided with sewage suction device, this sewage suction device is made up of inside and outside two dirt sucking tubes, dirt sucking tube is connected with blow-off pipe respectively, dirt sucking tube is evenly equipped with aperture, blow-off pipe is drawn tank body and is connected with fertilizing pump or air pump with blowoff valve respectively by sewage draining exit triple valve, described fertilizing pump is connected with fertilizer spreading tank, clear water collect cavity is located at the downside of lower clapboard, is provided with delivery port in the bottom of clear water collect cavity, and the tank wall corresponding with wedge shape net formula filter chamber is provided with manhole, the outside of tank body is respectively equipped with pressure difference switch, lower pressure difference switch and switch board, the one end of wherein going up pressure difference switch is connected with the sandstone media filtration chamber above sandstone media filtration layer by tube connector, the other end of upper pressure difference switch is connected with the sandstone media filtration chamber bottom sandstone media filtration layer by tube connector, one end of described lower pressure difference switch is connected by the inner side of tube connector with wedge shape filter screen, the other end of lower pressure difference switch is connected by the outside of tube connector with wedge shape filter screen, central controller and display screen is provided with in described switch board, this central controller is respectively by circuit and display screen, upper pressure difference switch, lower pressure difference switch, proximity switch, motor, water inlet hydrodynamic(al) three-way valve, sewage draining exit triple valve, fertilizing pump, air pump is connected with blowoff valve, the bottom of tank body is provided with tank body bracing frame.
Compact conformation of the present invention, possesses the advantage of sandstone medium filter and brush type self-cleaning filter simultaneously, floor space is little, current are unobstructed, and the loss of flood peak is little, and automaticity is high, uniform of application and aerating backwash can be realized simultaneously, improve the utilization ratio of equipment, decrease attached corollary equipment, cost-saving.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is external structure figure, Fig. 2 of the present invention is internal structure schematic diagram of the present invention, and Fig. 3 is the structural representation of dirt sucking tube of the present invention, and Fig. 4 is the structural representation of hairbrush fixed mount of the present invention, and Fig. 5 is the structural representation of lower clapboard of the present invention.
Drawing illustrates: 1, reductor, 2, screw shaft, 3, tank body, 4, sand loading hole, 5, manhole, 6, dirt sucking tube, 7, lower clapboard, 8, tank body bracing frame, 9, delivery port, 10, water inlet hydrodynamic(al) three-way valve, 11, water-locator, 12, filter cap, 13, upper spacer, 14, wedge shape filter screen fixed mount, 15, wedge shape filter screen, 16, hairbrush, 17, hairbrush fixed mount, 18, blowoff valve, 19, sewage draining exit triple valve, 20, fertilizing pump, 21, fertilizer spreading tank, 22, proximity switch, 23, switch board, 24, upper pressure difference switch, 25, lower pressure difference switch.
Detailed description of the invention
Describe embodiment in detail by reference to the accompanying drawings.A kind of composite multi-functional filter, the inside of tank body 3 is divided into upper, middle and lower three layers from top to bottom, and upper strata is sandstone media filtration chamber, and centre is wedge shape net formula filter chamber, and bottom is clear water collect cavity.
Sandstone media filtration chamber is arranged at the upper sheaf space of upper spacer 13, water inlet, tank body 3 top is provided with water-locator 11, water inlet is broken up as far as possible uniformly, the water containing impurity is enable to drop on the surface of sandstone media filtration layer uniformly, avoid because current are concentrated impact sandstone media filtration layer, filtering layer is stirred, affects filter effect, the sidewall of tank body 3 is provided with sand loading hole 4.One deck filter cap 12 is arranged in the bottom of sandstone media filtration layer, is mainly used in isolating sandstone media filtration layer and the water after collecting filtration, and filter cap 12 is arranged at the upside of upper spacer 13.Filter cap 12 pore size is determined by the particle diameter of sandstone medium, and filter cap 12 quantity will match with the filtering traffic of whole filter, and too small words can cause the loss of flood peak to increase.Pressure difference switch 24 is equipped with in the outside of tank body 3, its one end connects unfiltered water above sandstone media filtration layer, the other end connects the water after filtering below sandstone media filtration layer, after having carried out a period of time filtration, the impurity on sandstone media filtration layer surface can make the pressure reduction up and down of sandstone media filtration layer increase, when pressure reduction reaches the setting value of upper pressure difference switch 24, start to carry out backwash.
Sandstone media filtration chamber and wedge shape net formula filter chamber separate by upper spacer 13.Wedge shape filter screen fixed mount 14, for wedge shape filter screen 15 being fixed on the downside of upper spacer 13, can not causing simultaneously and block water.Brush type self-cleaning in the past filters to be and filters from inside to outside, and to scrub direction be that circumference is scrubbed, forming actuating unit by top motor and speed reducer provides power, and is rotated by central rotating shaft, make the brush circumferential movement in rotating shaft, filter screen inwall is scrubbed.Wedge shape filter screen 15 twine of the present invention adopts that stainless steel material is cold rolling to be formed, and cross section is trapezoidal, and gap is outer narrow inner width, and filtering direction is ecto-entad.Twine is vertically arranged, inwall is lined with Cross slat, carries out fastening to filter screen.Hairbrush 16 is fixed on hairbrush fixed mount 17, hairbrush fixed mount 17 center is fixed on screw shaft 2, the top of this screw shaft 2 is screw rods, remainder is optical axis, screw shaft 2 up and down reciprocatingly rectilinear motion is driven by top reductor 1, hairbrush 16 is vertically scrubbed, fully impurity in cleaning net seam.The extreme position that screw shaft about 2 runs, controlled by upper and lower two proximity switches 22, the stroke of screw shaft 2 mates with the length of wedge shape filter screen 15.
Be provided with sewage suction device in the bottom of wedge shape filter screen 15, this device is made up of inside and outside two dirt sucking tubes 6, and dirt sucking tube 6 is evenly arranged aperture.Hairbrush 16 sinks on this dirt sucking tube 6 surface after being scrubbed by the deposit on wedge shape filter screen 15 surface, when outside blowoff valve 18 is opened, blowoff valve 18 external pressure is atmospheric pressure, and pressure is higher near the surperficial aperture of dirt sucking tube 6, a kind of suction being similar to negative pressure of vacuum suction can be produced thus, by in the impurity intake line near aperture, discharged by blowoff valve 18.A sewage draining exit triple valve 19 is housed before blowoff valve 18, this sewage draining exit triple valve 19 is provided with three passages A, B and C, when normal blowdown, water (flow) direction is A → B, when being switched to C → A, C mouth can connect fertilizer spreading tank 21, utilizes fertilizing pump 20 that fertilizer is injected C mouth, is dissolved in uniformly in water by fertilizer by dirt sucking tube 6 aperture.Fertilizer is mainly injected in pipeline by the fertile mode of the note in the past adopted, and this mode easily causes fertilizer can not fully mix with water, ducts upstream delivery port can be caused to apply fertilizer more, and downstream fertilising is less.After noting fertilizer, also to increase first level filtering device on pipeline simultaneously.And this device just fully can avoid drawback in the past, fertilizer is evenly applied in water by aperture, and is filtered by wedge shape filter screen 15.Except applying as fertilising, C mouth can also connect air pump, when sandstone media filtration layer carries out backwash, to C mouth injecting gas, gas is mixed into after in water, discharge from the surperficial aperture of dirt sucking tube 6, the gas added so comparatively disperses, sandstone media filtration layer stirring by a small margin is made along with backwashing water, fully rub between sand particles, the impurity sticking to surface is departed from, when can avoid aerating backwash in the past, gas disperses not, pool together, easily discharge from a passage as an air pocket in sandstone media filtration layer, the surrounding's sandstone only having bubble to pass through can stir, other place cannot be stirred, cause cleaning dirty.So this dirt sucking tube 6 can use as blowdown, fertilising, aerating three kinds of purposes simultaneously.In order to carry out repair and maintenance to the wedge shape net formula filter chamber between upper spacer 13 and lower clapboard 7, tank body 3 sidewall corresponding with wedge shape net formula filter chamber is provided with manhole 5.Be provided with lower pressure difference switch 25 in the outside of wedge shape net formula filter chamber, one end of this lower pressure difference switch 25 is connected by the inner side of tube connector with wedge shape filter screen 15, and the other end of lower pressure difference switch is connected by the outside of tube connector with wedge shape filter screen 15.
Clear water collect cavity is located at the downside of lower clapboard 7, is provided with delivery port 9 in the bottom of clear water collect cavity, and the bottom of tank body 3 is provided with tank body bracing frame 8.Described switch board 23 is arranged at the outside of tank body 3, be provided with central controller and display screen in it, this central controller is connected with blowoff valve 18 with display screen, upper pressure difference switch 24, lower pressure difference switch 25, proximity switch 22, motor, water inlet hydrodynamic(al) three-way valve 10, sewage draining exit triple valve 19, fertilizing pump 20, air pump respectively by circuit.
During practical application, the pattern of multiple tank body 3 parallel running is adopted to use.Like this, when one of them tank body 3 needs backwash, switch water inlet hydrodynamic(al) three-way valve 10 and change the direction of a stream of water, the clean water after other tank body 3 filters is used for backwash, carries out in turn.
First, water to be filtered flows in tank body from water inlet, through water-locator, water is trickled down on the surface of sandstone media filtration layer uniformly, impurity in water filters through sandstone media filtration layer, stay in filtering layer, the water filtered, through the filter cap be arranged on the upside of upper spacer, flows into wedge shape net formula filter chamber after confluxing.Upper pressure difference switch high-pressure side takes from filtering layer upper surface, after low-pressure end takes from filtering layer, when the alluvial of filtering layer impurity is too much, the loss of flood peak of sandstone media filtration layer will be increased, when before and after sandstone media filtration layer, pressure reduction reaches upper pressure difference switch setting value, send switching signal, switch board just controls water inlet hydrodynamic(al) three-way valve and changes the flow direction, starts backwash process.Current ecto-entad flows through wedge shape filter screen, the fine impurities that upstream does not filter out and sandstone media filtration layer clash into the sandstone particulate produced, through the filtration of too high order number wedge shape filter screen, stay outside wedge shape filter screen, when accumulated impurity to a certain extent, when wedge shape filter screen inside and outside differential pressure increases to lower pressure difference switch setting value, just give switch board signal, central controller is by electric motor starting, drive the upper and lower rectilinear motion of screw shaft, screw shaft lower end drags hairbrush fixed mount and hairbrush pumps, and is brushed down by wedge shape screen surface impurity, deposits on lower clapboard.Now, blowoff valve opened by central controller, and tank is inside and outside produces pressure differential, can produce a swabbing action near dirt sucking tube, by the impurity inspiration pipe that is deposited on around dirt sucking tube, by outside blowoff valve drain tank.
When needs apply fertilizer, fertilizing pump is opened by central controller, then sewage draining exit triple valve is opened, fertilizing pump lift is higher than pressure head in tank body, so just can fertilizer be sucked in tank body, evenly be diffused in tank body by the aperture on dirt sucking tube, then by wedge shape strainer filtering, deliver to field pipeline from delivery port.
More than show and describe general principle of the present invention, principal character and advantage, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall into claimed scope of the present invention.