CN104140969A - 一种涕灭威的核酸适体、衍生物及其应用 - Google Patents

一种涕灭威的核酸适体、衍生物及其应用 Download PDF

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CN104140969A
CN104140969A CN201410370618.7A CN201410370618A CN104140969A CN 104140969 A CN104140969 A CN 104140969A CN 201410370618 A CN201410370618 A CN 201410370618A CN 104140969 A CN104140969 A CN 104140969A
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CN104140969B (zh
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王耘
王淮庆
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Zhanjiang Yuanhai Technology Co.,Ltd.
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Jinling Institute of Technology
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种涕灭威的核酸适体、衍生物及其应用,所述核酸适体的核苷酸序列为:GCCAAGTGGTATCTTCTGCAGCGATTCTTGATCGACCGGTCGTTGTTCGCTGATTAAGCTTGGC。所述涕灭威的核酸适体的衍生物为核酸序列进行巯基化或同位素化修饰得到的。所述的涕灭威的核酸适体或衍生物用于涕灭威浓度定性、定量检测分析。本发明优点在于涕灭威适体的制备步骤简单、效率高、品质均一、稳定性好、开发周期短、生产成本低、操作简单、安全性高,在检测分析领域的应用前景广阔。

Description

一种涕灭威的核酸适体、衍生物及其应用
技术领域
本发明涉及生物技术领域,尤其涉及一种涕灭威的核酸适体、衍生物及其应用。
背景技术
涕灭威,属氨基甲酸酯类农药,其是一种高效、广谱型杀虫剂,其毒理机制是抑制害虫体内胆碱酯酶,使乙酰胆碱积累,影响神经兴奋传导,从而使害虫发生痉挛、麻痹死亡,常用来处理种子,抑制害虫生长。因为氨基甲酸酯类农药的滥用,导致人畜中毒现象屡有发生,所以其成为蔬菜中农药残留的重点检测品种。涕灭威是氨基甲酸酯类农药中的剧毒杀虫剂,由于其高毒性和难降解等特性,国内外在蔬菜、水果、水稻等农作物上的用量都做了严格的限制。
目前报道的检测涕灭威农药的方法主要有光谱分析法、色谱法,但是仪器操作需要专业人员,且样品前处理复杂、费时,不适合我国蔬菜分散销售市场常规性的现场快速检测需要。酶抑制法、速测卡法和免疫分析法等快速检测方法因其操作较快速、简便,近年来得到越来越广泛的应用。但是酶抑制法缺点在于只能对有机磷和氨基甲酸酯类农药的残留做粗略的定性鉴定,不能定量分析,且方法重现性差,假阳性和假阴性率高,易受环境影响,酶活性保存不易,不同来源的AchE对农药的敏感度也不尽相同。
核酸适体是一类体外人工合成并具有确定二级或三级结构的单链DNA或RNA寡核苷酸分子,其能够对靶分子进行特异性识别。通过指数富集的配基系统进化技术,经过体外筛选、扩增和富集过程可以从随机寡核苷酸库中筛选出针对多种靶分子的适体。传统SELEX技术以小分子为靶标物质筛选时,通常以在固相基质上的固定态与寡核苷酸分子结合,利于后续的分离过程,但必须在小分子上修饰活性基团才能将其与固相载体结合,因此在一定程度上会影响目标靶的构象;以农药为靶分子,对其改造时,既要保证其杀虫活性结构不被破坏又不能掩盖与核酸的结合位点。而利用溶液中的自由态可以简化筛选步骤。
适体的优点包括易合成与标记、无批间差异和化学稳定性好等,因此对食品和环境中涕灭威农药残留检测具有耗时短、成本低、灵敏度高的特点,有很好的应用前景。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种涕灭威的核酸适体、衍生物及其应用。
本发明采用如下技术方案:
本发明的涕灭威的核酸适体的核苷酸序列为:GCCAAGTGGTATCTTCTGCAGCGATTCTTGATCGACCGGTCGTTGTTCGCTGATTAAGCTTGGC;
利用DNAMAN软件模拟其二级结构,具有一种可能的茎环结构,其结构如下:
所述涕灭威核酸适体序列上偶联各种荧光素或酶或HIS标签或生物素或地高辛或纳米材料或胶体金或荧光基团或发光物质。
将所述涕灭威核酸适体序列置换、缺失和增加碱基后具有相同功能用途的核酸序列。
本发明的涕灭威的核酸适体的衍生物为核酸序列进行巯基化或同位素化修饰得到的。
本发明的涕灭威的核酸适体或衍生物用于涕灭威浓度定性、定量检测分析。
本发明的涕灭威的核酸适体或衍生物应用的具体方法如下:在涕灭威的核酸适体或衍生物上标记可检测标记物,加入样品,当样品中有涕灭威时通过检测标记物的信号而获得涕灭威的浓度。
组装适体胶体金试纸,样品中含有涕灭威,试纸上出现一条红线为阳性,达到检测的目的。
本发明的积极效果如下:
本发明优点在于涕灭威适体的制备步骤简单、效率高、品质均一、稳定性好、开发周期短、生产成本低、操作简单、安全性高,在检测分析领域的应用前景广阔。
附图说明
图1是本发明第二实施例的检测涕灭威适体的特异性鉴定结果。
图2是本发明第三实施例的检测涕灭威适体的定量检测分析时的标准曲线。
具体实施方式
下面的实施例是对本发明的进一步详细描述。
第一实施例
涕灭威的适体,具有具体序列如下:
GCCAAGTGGTATCTTCTGCAGCGATTCTTGATCGACCGGTCGTTGTTCGCTGATTAAGCTTGGC。
其中,涕灭威的适体的衍生物具有相同功能用途。
其中,涕灭威的适体的衍生物为进行氨基化或巯基化或同位素化修饰的核酸序列。
其中,涕灭威的适体的核酸序列,置换、缺失和增加碱基后具有相同功能用途的核酸序列。
其中,涕灭威的适体在核酸序列上偶联各种荧光素或酶或HIS标签或生物素或地高辛或纳米材料或胶体金或荧光基团或发光物质。
第二实施例
图1示出了本发明第二实施例鉴定涕灭威适体的特异性鉴定结果。包括以下步骤:
S21、将待鉴定的适体核酸序列(250 nmol/L)、F序列(125 nmol/L)以及Q序列(1000 nmol/L)混合溶入PBS中后,95℃变性3 min后室温条件下孵育1 h;
S22、加入样品溶液后于室温下作用30 min;
S23、测定加入样品后的体系荧光强度,以荧光数值为纵坐标,比较适体的特异性。
其中,以上步骤在暗环境中操作。
其中,F和Q序列分别是一段与适体互补的核酸片段,F带有荧光信号基团,Q带有荧光淬灭基团;加入样品,当样品中存在涕灭威时,将破坏涕灭威适体与Q序列的结合,通过检测分离后的可检测标记物的信号而获得涕灭威浓度。该荧光报告基团为FAM。
第三实施例
一种检测涕灭威残留的适体应用于涕灭威浓度定量检测分析,包括以下步骤:
S31、准备检测序列;
S32、将50 μL800 nmol/L适体核酸,95℃变性3 min后室温条件下复性;
S33、加入涕灭威溶液后于室温下作用50 min;
S34、测定加入涕灭威的体系荧光强度,以荧光数值为纵坐标,以标准浓度(加入  100 μL的农药200、400、800、1600、2400、4000 nmol/L)为横坐标,做标准曲线。
S35、加入待测物质,测定荧光值,通过对照标准曲线得到待测物中涕灭威的浓度。
所述S31、准备检测序列,具体包括:
涕灭威适体:
5’-GCCAAGTGGTATCTTCTGCAGCGATTCTTGATCGACCGGTCGTTGTTCGCTGATTAA
CTTGGC-3’; 5’端修饰荧光信号基团,3’端修饰荧光淬灭基团;所述荧光信号基团为FAM,所述荧光淬灭基团为DABCYL。
第四实施例
一种检测涕灭威残留的适体应用于涕灭威浓度定性检测分析,包括以下步骤:
S41、组装快速检测涕灭威农药残留的适体胶体金试纸。该试纸由顺次粘贴在底板上的吸水垫、NC膜、金标结合垫、样品吸液层、由链亲和素形成的隐形质控线组成;所述金标结合垫上含有涕灭威适体组装的经生物素标记的纳米颗粒聚集体,在所述NC膜上有互补序列构成的经生物素标记的隐形检测线。
S42、把试纸的样品吸液层端插入果汁、蔬菜浸出液中,1min后取出,由于毛细作用进行侧向层析,5-10min观察结果。检测涕灭威浓度1μg/mL以上,NC膜上出现一条红线为阳性;1μg/mL以下出现双红线为阴性;1μg/mL时检测线处为一条模糊阴影线为界限值。
其中,将标记生物素标记后的检测涕灭威残留的适体与胶体金颗粒结合,用其互补序列作为检测线,用链亲和素作为质控线,当样品中存在涕灭威时,适体不能与互补序列结合,则只有一条线显色,而不存在涕灭威时两条线都显色,达到检测的目的。
对于所属技术领域的技术人员而言,随着技术的发展,本发明构思可以不同方式实现。本发明的实施方式并不仅限于以上描述的实施例,而且可在权利要求的范围内进行变化。

Claims (7)

1.一种涕灭威的核酸适体,其特征在于:所述核酸适体的核苷酸序列为:GCCAAGTGGTATCTTCTGCAGCGATTCTTGATCGACCGGTCGTTGTTCGCTGATTAAGCTTGGC。
2.如权利要求1所述的涕灭威的核酸适体,其特征在于:所述涕灭威核酸适体序列上偶联各种荧光素或酶或HIS标签或生物素或地高辛或纳米材料或胶体金或荧光基团或发光物质。
3.如权利要求1所述的涕灭威的核酸适体,其特征在于:将所述涕灭威核酸适体序列置换、缺失和增加碱基后具有相同功能用途的核酸序列。
4.一种如权利要求1所述的涕灭威的核酸适体的衍生物,其特征在于:所述涕灭威的核酸适体的衍生物为核酸序列进行巯基化或同位素化修饰得到的。
5.如权利要求1-4任一项所述的涕灭威的核酸适体或衍生物的应用,其特征在于:所述的涕灭威的核酸适体或衍生物用于涕灭威浓度定性、定量检测分析。
6.如权利要求5所述的涕灭威的核酸适体或衍生物的应用,其特征在于:所述应用的具体方法如下:在涕灭威的核酸适体或衍生物上标记可检测标记物,加入样品,当样品中有涕灭威时通过检测标记物的信号而获得涕灭威的浓度。
7.如权利要求5所述的涕灭威的核酸适体或衍生物的应用,其特征在于:所述应用的具体方法如下:组装适体胶体金试纸,样品中含有涕灭威,试纸上出现一条红线为阳性,达到检测的目的。
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