CN104137276A - 太阳能电池组件 - Google Patents

太阳能电池组件 Download PDF

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CN104137276A
CN104137276A CN201280070959.1A CN201280070959A CN104137276A CN 104137276 A CN104137276 A CN 104137276A CN 201280070959 A CN201280070959 A CN 201280070959A CN 104137276 A CN104137276 A CN 104137276A
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encapsulant layer
sensitive surface
rear side
solar cell
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吉岭幸弘
石黑祐
今田直人
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Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co Ltd
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Sanyo Electric Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供一种具有改善的耐候性的太阳能电池组件。太阳能电池组件(1)包括太阳能电池(12)、受光面侧保护部件(10)、背面侧保护部件(11)、填充材料层(13)。受光面侧保护部件(10)由玻璃板或者陶瓷板构成。背面侧保护部件(11)由树脂片构成。填充材料层(13)含有抗氧化剂。填充材料层(13)包括背面侧填充材料层(13b)和受光面侧填充材料层(13a)。背面侧填充材料层(13b)中的抗氧化剂的含有率高于受光面侧填充材料层(13a)中的抗氧化剂的含有率。

Description

太阳能电池组件
技术领域
本发明涉及太阳能电池组件。
背景技术
专利文献1中，公开了具有在一对保护部件之间填充的填充材料层中配置的太阳能电池的太阳能电池组件。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1：日本特开2011-176231号公报
发明内容
发明想要解决的技术问题
期望改善太阳能电池组件的耐候性。
本发明的主要目的在于提供具有改善的耐候性的太阳能电池组件。
用于解决问题的技术方案
本发明的太阳能电池组件包括太阳能电池、受光面侧保护部件、背面侧保护部件和填充材料层。受光面侧保护部件配置于太阳能电池的受光面侧。受光面侧保护部件由玻璃板或者陶瓷板构成。背面侧保护部件配置于太阳能电池的背面侧。背面侧保护部件由树脂片构成。填充材料层填充在受光面侧保护部件与背面侧保护部件之间。填充材料层密封太阳能电池。填充材料层含有抗氧化剂。填充材料层包括背面侧填充材料层和受光面侧填充材料层。背面侧填充材料层位于太阳能电池与背面侧保护部件之间。受光面侧填充材料层位于太阳能电池与受光面侧保护部件之间。背面侧填充材料层中的抗氧化剂的含有率高于受光面侧填充材料层中的抗氧化剂的含有率。
发明效果
根据本发明，能够提供具有改善的耐候性的太阳能电池组件。
附图说明
图1是第一实施方式的太阳能电池组件的概略平面图。
图2是图1的线II－II的概略截面图。
图3是图1的线III－III的概略截面图。
图4是第二实施方式的太阳能电池组件的概略截面图。
图5是第二实施方式的太阳能电池组件的概略背面图。
具体实施方式
以下，对实施本发明的优选方式的一例进行说明。但是，下述的实施方式仅用于例示。本发明不受下述的实施方式任何限定。
另外，实施方式等中所参照的各附图中，实质上具有相同功能的部件使用相同附图标记。另外，实施方式中等所参照的各附图是示意表示的图，附图中所描绘的物体的尺寸比率等，有时与现实的物体的尺寸比率等不同。附图相互之间，有时物体的尺寸等也不同。具体的物体的尺寸比率，应该根据以下的说明来判断。
(第一实施方式)
如图1～图3所示，太阳能电池组件1包括多个太阳能电池串(string)1a。多个太阳能电池串1a沿y轴方向相互隔开间隔排列。多个太阳能电池串1a通过图1和图3所示的布线件14电连接。多个太阳能电池串1a与引出至太阳能电池组件1的外部的引出电极17电连接。
多个太阳能电池串1a分别具有多个太阳能电池12。各太阳能电池串1a中，多个太阳能电池12沿相对于y轴方向垂直的x轴方向相互隔开间隔排列。各太阳能电池串1a中，多个太阳能电池12通过布线件15电连接。
此外，本实施方式中，对太阳能电池组件具有多个太阳能电池的例子进行说明。但是，本发明不限定于该结构。本发明的太阳能电池组件也可以仅具备一个太阳能电池。
太阳能电池12具有受光面12a和背面12b。此处，“受光面”是指主要受光的主面。太阳能电池12可以仅在受光面12a受光时发电，也可以除了在受光面12a受光时之外，还在背面12b受光时发电。
如图2所示，太阳能电池12在受光面12a侧具有第一电极12a1，在背面12b侧具有第二电极12b1。受光面12a中第一电极12a1的面积占有率低于背面12b中第二电极12b1的面积占有率。第一和第二电极12a1、12b1能够分别由适当的导电材料构成。第一和第二电极12a1、12b1可以分别含有Cu。
在太阳能电池12的受光面12a侧，配置有受光面侧保护部件10。受光面侧保护部件10，例如，能够由玻璃板或者陶瓷板构成。
在太阳能电池12的背面12b侧，配置有背面侧保护部件11。背面侧保护部件11由树脂片构成。树脂片可以仅由树脂构成，也可以由含有填料(filler)等的树脂组成物构成。背面侧保护部件11不具有金属层。背面侧保护部件11的水蒸气透过度高于受光面侧保护部件10的水蒸气透过度。
在受光面侧保护部件10与背面侧保护部件11之间，填充有填充材料层13。通过该填充材料层13将构成太阳能电池串1a的太阳能电池12密封。填充材料层13，例如，能够由乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物(EVA)等含有交联树脂的树脂组成物、聚烯烃等含有非交联树脂的树脂组成物等构成。
填充材料层13含有抗氧化剂。作为抗氧化剂的具体例，例如，可以列举单酚类、双酚类、高分子型酚类、硫类、亚磷酸盐类及其组合。
填充材料层13包括受光面侧填充材料层13a和背面侧填充材料层13b。受光面侧填充材料层13a配置于太阳能电池12与受光面侧保护部件10之间。另一方面，背面侧填充材料层13b配置于太阳能电池12与背面侧保护部件11之间。
背面侧填充材料层13b中的抗氧化剂的含有率高于受光面侧填充材料层13a中的抗氧化剂的含有率。优选背面侧填充材料层13b中的抗氧化剂的含有率为受光面侧填充材料层13a中的抗氧化剂的含有率的2倍以上，更优选5倍以上。
太阳能电池组件1的端部的受光面侧填充材料层13a的厚度比太阳能电池组件1的中央部的受光面侧填充材料层13a的厚度薄。在太阳能电池组件1的端部，受光面侧填充材料层13a的厚度朝向外侧逐渐减小。
在太阳能电池组件1的端部，填充材料层13由抗氧化剂的含有率相对较高的背面侧填充材料层13b构成。因此，抗氧化剂的含有率相对较低的受光面侧填充材料层13a被受光面侧保护部件10和背面侧填充材料层13b所覆盖，不在太阳能电池组件1的端面露出。
连接布线件15彼此的布线件14的端部位于背面侧填充材料层13b中。具体而言，布线件14的实质整体和引出电极17中位于填充材料层13中的部分的实质整体分别位于背面侧填充材料层13b中。
但是，从抑制水分浸入到太阳能电池组件中的观点出发，优选将背面侧保护部件由含有金属层的树脂片构成。但是，含有金属层的树脂片的水蒸气透过度低。因此，由含有金属层的树脂片构成背面侧保护部件时，浸入到太阳能电池组件中的水分难以排出。
相对于此，太阳能电池组件1中，背面侧保护部件11由不含金属层的树脂片构成。因此，背面侧保护部件11的水蒸气透过度高。从而，浸入太阳能电池组件1内的水分容易经由背面侧保护部件11排出。
由不具有阻挡层的树脂片构成的背面侧保护部件11具有高的氧透过度，但是，太阳能电池组件1中，由于填充材料层13含有抗氧化剂，因此能抑制例如含有Cu的电极12a1、12b1的氧化等引起的侵入太阳能电池组件1内的氧所造成的特性劣化。
从抑制侵入太阳能电池组件内的氧所造成的劣化的观点出发，优选提高填充材料层整体中的抗氧化剂的含有率。但是，此时，受光面侧填充材料层的光透射率降低，因此，太阳能电池组件的输出特性降低。
相对于此，太阳能电池组件1中，背面侧填充材料层13b中的抗氧化剂的含有率相对较高，受光面侧填充材料层13a中的抗氧化剂的含有量相对较低。因此，从背面侧侵入的氧所造成的特性劣化难以发生，并且，还抑制了受光面侧填充材料层13a的光透射率的降低。因此，能够实现具有改善的耐候性并且具有改善的输出特性的太阳能电池组件1。从得到具有进一步改善的输出特性的太阳能电池组件1的观点出发，优选受光面侧填充材料层13a中的抗氧化剂的含有率为1质量％以下，更优选实质上为零。
此外，受光面侧保护部件10由玻璃板或者陶瓷板构成，因此，受光面侧保护部件10的氧透过度低于背面侧保护部件11的氧透过度。因此，氧难以经由受光面侧保护部件10侵入太阳能电池组件1内。因此，降低受光面侧填充材料层13a中的抗氧化剂的含有率时，也难以发生氧所造成的劣化。
太阳能电池组件1中，太阳能电池组件1的端部的受光面侧填充材料层13a的厚度比太阳能电池组件1的中央部的受光面侧填充材料层13a的厚度薄。与受光面侧填充材料13a相比，背面侧保护部件11的水蒸气透过度、氧透过度较小。因此，容易防止水分从太阳能电池组件1的端面的浸入和氧从太阳能电池组件1的端面的侵入。
太阳能电池组件1的端部中，填充材料层13由抗氧化剂的含有率相对较高的背面侧填充材料层13b构成。因此，能够抑制氧从太阳能电池组件1的端部所造成的劣化。
连接布线件15彼此的布线件14的端部位于背面侧填充材料层13b中。因此，布线件14的端部的氧化被抑制。特别是当布线件14由以Ag膜等涂敷的Cu材料构成，在端部露出有容易氧化的Cu材料时，该结构有效。
以下，说明本发明的优选实施方式的另一例子。以下的说明中，对具有与上述第一实施方式实质上共同的功能的部件使用共同的附图标记，省略说明。
(第二实施方式)
如图4和图5所示，太阳能电池组件2中，太阳能电池12是在背面12b侧具有电极12a1、12b1(参照图5)两者的背面结型的太阳能电池。此时，通过使背面侧填充材料层13b中的抗氧化剂的含有率高于受光面侧填充材料层13a中的抗氧化剂的含有率，能够兼顾实现改善的输出特性和改善的耐候性。
背面结型的太阳能电池12中，背面的光电转换效率低。因此，在具备背面结型的太阳能电池12的太阳能电池组件2中，提高背面侧填充材料层13b中的抗氧化剂的含有率、降低背面侧填充材料层13b的光透射率时，输出特性也不易降低。因此，能够实现进一步改善的输出特性和进一步改善的耐候性。
附图标记说明
1，2…太阳能电池组件
10…受光面侧保护部件
11…背面侧保护部件
12…太阳能电池
12a…受光面
12a1…第一电极
12b…背面
12b1…第二电极
13…填充材料层
13a…受光面侧填充材料层
13b…背面侧填充材料层
14，15…布线件

Claims (8)

1.一种太阳能电池组件，其特征在于，包括：
太阳能电池；
配置于所述太阳能电池的受光面侧的由玻璃板或者陶瓷板构成的受光面侧保护部件；
配置于所述太阳能电池的背面侧的由树脂片构成的背面侧保护部件；和
填充在所述受光面侧保护部件与所述背面侧保护部件之间，密封所述太阳能电池的含有抗氧化剂的填充材料层，
所述填充材料层包括：
位于所述太阳能电池与所述背面侧保护部件之间的背面侧填充材料层；和
位于所述太阳能电池与所述受光面侧保护部件之间的受光面侧填充材料层，
所述背面侧填充材料层中的抗氧化剂的含有率高于所述受光面侧填充材料层中的抗氧化剂的含有率。
2.如权利要求1所述的太阳能电池组件，其特征在于：
所述太阳能电池具有设置于背面侧的含有Cu的电极。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的太阳能电池组件，其特征在于：
所述太阳能电池具有第一电极和第二电极，
所述第一电极和第二电极两者设置于所述太阳能电池的背面侧。
4.如权利要求1～3中任一项所述的太阳能电池组件，其特征在于：
所述太阳能电池组件的端部的所述受光面侧填充材料层的厚度比中央部的所述受光面侧填充材料层的厚度薄。
5.如权利要求1～4中任一项所述的太阳能电池组件，其特征在于：
在所述太阳能电池组件的端部，所述填充材料层由所述背面侧填充材料层构成。
6.如权利要求1～5中任一项所述的太阳能电池组件，其特征在于，还包括：
与所述太阳能电池电连接的第一布线件；和
将所述第一布线件彼此电连接的第二布线件，
所述第二布线件的端部位于所述背面侧填充材料层中。
7.如权利要求1～6中任一项所述的太阳能电池组件，其特征在于：
所述受光面侧保护部件的氧透过度低于所述背面侧保护部件的氧透过度。
8.如权利要求1～7中任一项所述的太阳能电池组件，其特征在于：
所述背面侧填充材料层中的抗氧化剂的含有率为所述受光面侧填充材料层中的抗氧化剂的含有率的2倍以上。
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