CN104135345B - A kind of cross-layer decoding method applied to long evolving system - Google Patents
A kind of cross-layer decoding method applied to long evolving system Download PDFInfo
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- CN104135345B CN104135345B CN201410402021.6A CN201410402021A CN104135345B CN 104135345 B CN104135345 B CN 104135345B CN 201410402021 A CN201410402021 A CN 201410402021A CN 104135345 B CN104135345 B CN 104135345B
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Abstract
One the invention discloses a kind of cross-layer decoding method of long term evolution communication system, and the digital fountain code of channel coding and media access control layer by combining physical layer improves the transmission reliability of big file.The present invention uses the Turbo code in 3GPP standards as physical layer coding scheme, and MAC layer is using the Raptor encoding schemes defined in RFC5053.Coding method provided by the invention can improve the reliability of system transmission under conditions of compatible LTE standard scheme, reduce the probability of big file transmission failure.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of long term evolutions（Long Term Evolution, LTE）Cross-layer in communication system encodes skill
Art, more particularly in conjunction with media access control layer（Medium Access Control Layer）And physical layer（Physical
Layer）Construct the technology of encoding scheme.
Background technology
The channel coding module of 3GPP LTE have wide significance, it not only include proper channel coding,
Error detecting and error correcting function further includes that the mapping and reflection of rate-matched, intertexture, transmission and control channel to physical channel such as penetrate at the work(
Can, the transmission service of physical layer is provided for the data and control signaling of MAC layer, i.e., by the downlink data of MAC layer and control signaling
It is fitted to corresponding physical channel after carrying out Error Correction of Coding, otherwise the upstream data received and control signaling are merged into accordingly
Format carry out error-correcting decoding, and be uploaded to MAC layer.It is broadly divided into following submodule：Code block segmentation and CRC check, letter
Road coding, rate-matched, code block cascade etc..
Cyclic redundancy check（CRC）Calculate the CRC with CRC and code block comprising transmission block in code block segmentation.It can only do
The CRC of code block or two kinds of CRC are done.The first is that the transmission block transmitted to entire MAC layer is that unit is calculated and added, if
Transport block length has been more than the permitted maximum input length 6144 of channel encoder after addition CRC, then needs transmission block being divided into
Several code blocks, then respective CRC is added to each code block.The CRC bits of each transmission block tail portion addition certain length, so as to
Receiving terminal judges to whether there is mistake in the transmission.
Since there is various channel codings different characteristics, 3GPP LTE to use difference according to the difference of data type
Channel coding method, LTE standards for a variety of different channels data characteristics, it is specified that a variety of different channel error corrections are compiled
Code scheme, mainly there is Turbo code, tail-biting convolutional code, duplication code and block code.Wherein, the main uplink that applies to of Turbo codes is total to
Enjoy channel（UplinkShared Channel, UL-SCH）, DSCH Downlink Shared Channel（Downlink Shared Channel, DL-
SCH）, paging channel（Paging Channel）And Multicast Channel（Multicast Channel）In.The effect of rate-matched
It is that the output of encoder is fitted to by required code check according to system requirements.Code block cascades and output is construction channel coding
The final output of module needs to constitute the output cascade of multiple code blocks into total output corresponding to the transmission block.
Raptor codes are a kind of outstanding digital fountain codes（Digital Fountain Code）, it is in LT（Luby
Transform）A kind of novel fountain codes of proposition are improved on the basis of code.It is a certain amount of superfluous by being added at source data end
It is remaining（Overhead）As long as with high after the coded data that receiving terminal totally gets slightly more than former data bulk
Probability recovers former transmission data.A kind of achievable Raptor codes are used in IETF RFC 5053, encoding and decoding can be divided into
Two steps：First, precoding is carried out using the linear block codes of a high code check；Then data are subjected to LT codings.
Invention content
The present invention provides one kind being applied to Long Term Evolution（Long Term Evolution, LTE）Cross-layer in system
Coding method.By combining physical layer（Physical Layer）Channel coding and media access control（MAC）The number of layer
Word fountain codes, physical layer use the Turbo code encoding scheme in 3GPP standards, and MAC layer is using the Raptor defined in RFC5053
Encoding scheme improves the transmission reliability of big file.Coding method provided by the invention can be in the item of compatible LTE standard scheme
Under part, the reliability of whole system transmission is improved, reduces the probability of big file transmission failure.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
A kind of cross-layer decoding method applied to LTE system, characterized in that coding step is as follows：
The first step calculates MAC layer according to the size of 3GPP LTE standards channel coding schemes and the file of being transmitted
The required coding parameter of Raptor codes, including：
n：According to selected transport block size（Transport Block Size, TBS）File is decomposed into data block
Number, each data block size are 1 TBS；
m：1 transmission block in channel coding is calculated according to LTE standard（TB）It is broken down into code block（Code Block, CB）'s
Number；
L：Each code block（CB）Size.
Second step does a Raptor codes coding to entire file：
File data is decomposed into n data block, to each data block, m is decomposed into according to standard channel encoding scheme
A CB, each CB include L bit, and K=n × m CB is obtained；
By the K CB source data symbols as input（Source Symbols）, according to the Raptor codes of setting
Code check R carries out Raptor codings, and wherein R=K/N, N are the coded identification of setting output（Encoded Symbols）Number；
Third walks, and the data after coding are delivered to physical layer, is encoded and is transmitted according to standard channel encoding scheme：
In transmitting terminal, according to standard channel encoding scheme to data coding transmission；In receiving terminal, channel records energy when decoding
The CB data and the corresponding serial numbers of the CB being enough correctly decoded, and it is delivered to MAC layer.
4th step, when transmitting terminal transfers all data, receiving terminal detects whether to be properly received entire file；
If could not be properly received completely, the Raptor coding modules of MAC layer are started to work, all CB data that will be had correctly received, with
And corresponding serial number, it is sent into the decoder module of Raptor codes, original document has been recovered if successfully decoded.
Advantageous effect：Compared with prior art, the Raptor codings of present invention combination MAC layer, carry raw data file
For the protection in code block grade, have the following advantages that：1）It is compared to original only using physical layer channel code to data offer ratio
Protection in superfine, the present invention can efficiently use channel and decode correct part original file data, by be properly received
To redundant data carry out the Raptor decodings of MAC layer together, final improve can recover complete original document
Probability.2）Due to providing the data protection schemes of a code block grade in MAC layer, physical layer channel code can be suitably improved
Code check, reduce non information bit in the bit stream of physical layer transmission（Check bit）Proportion, improve efficiency.3）Raptor etc.
Digital fountain code characteristic is increased with the quantity of source symbol, needs the ratio regular meeting of redundant symbol to reduce therewith, therefore when transmission
When big file, more source symbols can be decomposed, the redundancy of Raptor codes can be substantially reduced at this time.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the overview flow chart of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the specific implementation flow chart of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the specific implementation scenario parameters of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is to be failed with using file transmission under traditional LTE standard coding method using the embodiment one of the method for the present invention
Rate comparison diagram；
Fig. 5 is to be failed with using file transmission under traditional LTE standard coding method using the embodiment two of the method for the present invention
Rate comparison diagram.
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings 1 and attached drawing 2 flow of the present invention is further described.
Implement scene is the transmission environment defined in LTE standard, design parameter such as attached drawing 3；
1) in transmitting terminal, first according to the parameter of physical layer channel code module, piecemeal is carried out to source data file, so
Raptor codings are carried out afterwards, and data, which are finally delivered to physical layer, carries out channel coding.The specific steps are：
S101：By 1 transport block length of standard（TBS）Source data file is decomposed to obtain n data block（Data
Block）, it is denoted as TB1, TB2, …, TBn, TBS=12960 at this time；When the last one data block length is less than TBS, use
The mode of zero padding makes up to a transport block size.
S102：Each piece is decomposed obtained data block and carries out standard by the code block dividing method in physical layer channel code
Code block segmentation.The each data block of the present embodiment is broken down into 3 code blocks（Code Block, CB）, always it is obtained K=3 × n
Code block, each code block length are 4320；
S103：The source data symbol that K obtained code block is encoded as Raptor is decomposed, S is denoted as1, S2, …, SK, into
Row Raptor codings, N=K/R encoded data symbols S of coding generation at this time1, S2, …, SK, OK+1, …, ON, wherein before
K is source data symbol, behind N-K be redundancy（Overhead）, R is the code check of Raptor codes, 0<R<1, the present invention is implemented
It is set as 0.909 in example；
S104：N number of data symbol that coding obtains is delivered to physical layer, using the physical layer channel code of LTE standard
Scheme is sent to channel after channel coding；
2）In receiving terminal, reception, the decoding of data are carried out first, are then completed after transmitting further according to the original text received
Whether part completely decides whether to carry out Raptor decodings.Its detailed process is：
S105：The data that transmitting terminal transmits, which are received, when channel decodes from channel records the code block that each is successfully decoded
Data and serial number, serial number correspond to the serial number of the coded identification of Raptor coding outputs；
S106：The data of all code blocks being successfully decoded and serial number are delivered to MAC layer；
S107：Check whether the raw data file received is complete, if file is complete, is showing the transmission of this document just
Really, next file transmission can be carried out；
S108：If file is imperfect, Raptor decodings are carried out.If successfully decoded, show that the recovery of this document is correct, it can
To carry out next file transmission；If decoding failure, show the transmission failure of this document；
S109：The complete data block that Raptor is decoded is spliced into original document.
Fig. 4, Fig. 5 show that the embodiment one using the method for the present invention, embodiment two are encoded with using traditional LTE standard respectively
File transmission failure rate comparison diagram under method.
In embodiment one, it is 50 × 12960 bits to reach the original document size that the needs of MAC layer transmit, and abscissa is
Signal-to-noise ratio（SNR）.First in LTE standard scene, the code check of physical layer Turbo codings is 0.5；Then use the present invention across
Source file can be decomposed into according to the code block segmentation principle of physical layer by K=50 × 3=150 source symbol in layer encoding scheme,
N=165 coded identification is generated after Raptor codings, i.e. the code check of Raptor is R=150/165, the code of physical layer channel code
Rate is 0.55.The total amount of data transmitted in two schemes at this time is identical.
In embodiment two, it is 100 × 12960 bits to reach the file size that the needs of MAC layer transmit, and abscissa is noise
Than（SNR）.First in LTE standard scene, the code check of physical layer Turbo codings is 0.5, and the cross-layer for then using the present invention is compiled
Source file can be decomposed into according to the code block segmentation principle of physical layer by K=100 × 3=300 source symbol, Raptor in code scheme
N=330 coded identification is generated after coding, i.e. the code check of Raptor is R=300/330, and the code check of physical layer channel code is
0.55.The total amount of data transmitted in two schemes at this time is identical.
From Fig. 4,5 as can be seen that cross-layer decoding method using the present invention can effectively improve the reliable of system transmission
Property, reduce the probability of big file transmission failure.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of cross-layer decoding method applied to LTE system, characterized in that coding step is as follows：
The first step calculates MAC layer Raptor codes according to the size of 3GPP LTE standards channel coding schemes and the file of being transmitted
Required coding parameter, including：
n：File is decomposed into the number of data block according to selected transport block size, each data block size is 1 transmission block
Size；
m：The number that 1 transmission block in channel coding is broken down into code block is calculated according to LTE standard；
L：The size of each code block；
Second step does a Raptor codes coding to entire file：
File data is decomposed into n data block, to each data block, m code is decomposed into according to standard channel encoding scheme
Block, each code block include L bit, and K=n × m code block is obtained；
By the K code block source data symbol as input, Raptor volumes are carried out according to the code check R of the Raptor codes of setting
Code, wherein R=K/N, 0<R<1, N is the number of the coded identification of setting output；
Third walks, and the data after coding are delivered to physical layer, and coding transmission is carried out according to standard channel encoding scheme：
In transmitting terminal, according to standard channel encoding scheme to data coding transmission；In receiving terminal, record can be just when channel decodes
True decoded code block data and the corresponding serial number of the code block, and it is delivered to MAC layer；
4th step, when transmitting terminal transfers all data, receiving terminal detects whether to be properly received entire file；If not yet
It can be properly received completely, the Raptor coding modules of MAC layer are started to work, all code block data that will be had correctly received, and
Corresponding serial number is sent into the decoder module of Raptor codes, original document has been recovered if successfully decoded.
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| CN118432763A (en) | 2015-09-24 | 2024-08-02 | 交互数字专利控股公司 | System for enhanced multiplexing in a wireless system |
| CN110191342A (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2019-08-30 | 北京字节跳动网络技术有限公司 | Method for video coding and equipment, video encoding/decoding method and equipment |
| CN111683352B (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2022-06-21 | 兰州大学 | Fountain code-based cross-layer design method for non-orthogonal multiple access system in short packet communication |
| CN111245446A (en) * | 2020-04-26 | 2020-06-05 | 杭州优智联科技有限公司 | Grouping-based data convolution coding and decoding method in UWB system |
| WO2021232400A1 (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2021-11-25 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Transmission scheme for radio resource control messages using raptor encoding |
| US20230269026A1 (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2023-08-24 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Rateless coding at layer two protocol layer |
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| CN101505213A (en) * | 2009-01-07 | 2009-08-12 | 北京邮电大学 | Adaptive HARQ scheme having novel encoder and decoder structure |
| CN102694636A (en) * | 2012-06-15 | 2012-09-26 | 北京交大微联科技有限公司 | Transmitting and receiving methods and systems of HARQ (hybrid automatic repeat request) technology adopting fountain codes |
| CN103201976A (en) * | 2010-11-09 | 2013-07-10 | 高通股份有限公司 | Packet-level erasure protection coding in aggregated packet transmissions |
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