CN104131231A - Low-carbon micro-alloyed cast steel for rocker arm of coal mining machine and preparation method of low-carbon micro-alloyed cast steel - Google Patents
Low-carbon micro-alloyed cast steel for rocker arm of coal mining machine and preparation method of low-carbon micro-alloyed cast steel Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides low-carbon micro-alloyed cast steel for a rocker arm of a coal mining machine. The low-carbon micro-alloyed cast steel comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.22%-0.30% of C, 0.30%-0.45% of Si, 1.10%-1.20% of Mn, 0.20%-0.40% of Cr, 0.20%-0.35% of Ni, 0.30%-0.45% of Mo, 0.03%-0.06% of Al, 0.03%-0.04% of Ce, not more than 0.015% of S, not more than 0.02% of P and the balance of Fe. The invention further provides a preparation method of the low-carbon micro-alloyed cast steel. The low-carbon micro-alloyed cast steel with high hardness, excellent impact toughness, low carbon equivalent and low production cost is finally obtained by performing component screening and proportion optimization on cast steel and treating the cast steel with the best heat treatment process; the needs of the steel for the large rocker arm of the coal mining machine can be well met.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to low-carbon microalloyed cast steel material technology field, be specifically related to a kind of rocker arm of coal mining machine low-carbon microalloyed cast steel and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Rocker arm of coal mining machine is the key part of coalcutter cut coal, and its quality and reliability directly determine the working efficiency of whole unit.Rocker arm of coal mining machine fault is mainly the wearing and tearing of rocking arm housing, fracture, open holes formation abrasion and gear, bearing damage.Rocking arm volume is large, Heavy Weight, intensity and the low fault causing of hardness are to reduce the principal element of the reliability of rocker arm of coal mining machine.Within average 30 days, to there is 1 time mechanical accident in the rocking arm of part coalcutter.Certain the factory's MG800/1880-WD coalcutter using as Zhang Ji ore deposit has changed 7 rocking arms within six months.Rocker arm of coal mining machine huge structure and heavier at present, the increase of structure increases the weight of rocking arm self, and the increase of rocking arm weight not only makes travel unit bear larger load, and have a strong impact on the stability of complete machine.Rocker arm of coal mining machine housing is selected the material that intensity is high, hardness is high, can be by reducing rocking arm physical dimension and housing wall thickness, alleviate rocking arm housing own wt, reduce complete machine and travel unit load, emphasis is strengthened the intensity of gear and bearing, and improve the wear resisting property of rocking arm housing, reduce frequency of maintenance, improve the work-ing life of coalcutter.
Rocker arm of coal mining machine must pass through cast form; can not realize highly malleablized by controlling cooling and conventional heat treatment reinforcement approach; conventionally while requiring to ensure higher-strength for cast steel, also need good plasticity toughness and welding property; this just requires the carbon content low alloyed element of cast steel few; and low carbon content and alloying element can cause the strength decreased of cast steel conventionally; and high carbon content and alloying element can cause the plasticity toughness of cast steel and welding property to reduce conventionally, this is the main difficulty that cast steel Composition Design and production thereof overcome.
Traditional cast steel that rocker arm of coal mining machine and tractive unit case material generally adopt is at present ZG25Mn (alloying constituent C 0.20～0.30%, Si 0.30～0.45%, Mn 1.10～1.30%, S≤0.035%, P≤0.035%, surplus is Fe), ZG25Mn2 (alloying constituent C 0.20～0.30%, Si0.30～0.45%, Mn 1.70～1.90%, S≤0.035%, P≤0.035%, surplus is Fe) or ZG25MnNi (alloying constituent C 0.252%, Si 0.92%, Mn 0.872%, S≤0.035%, P≤0.035%, Mo 0.152%, Ni 0.273%, surplus is Fe).The low-welding crack-sensitive index (Pcm) of this type of cast steel is low, and welding crack risk is relatively little, but its intensity and hardness are low, HBW150～170, toughness and shock resistance are poor, and wear resistance is poor, have a strong impact on work-ing life and the reliability of rocker arm of coal mining machine.
Chinese patent CN 102345072A discloses a kind of high-strength cast steel for coal cutter rocking arm and thermal treatment process thereof, comprise the chemical composition of following mass parts: C0.30～0.37%, Si0.45～0.60%, Mn0.90～1.10%, Cr1.40～1.60%, Ni1.40～1.60%, Mo0.20～0.30%, P≤0.020%, S≤0.020%, surplus is Fe.Product mechanics tensile strength reaches 804～902MPa, and wear resistance is good simultaneously, and hardness reaches HB260～285.But this cast steel exists the technological deficiency such as plasticity and poor impact toughness, and its welding property is very poor, process control procedure complexity, and production cost is high.
Chinese patent CN102517516A provides a kind of HI high impact merit cast steel, its alloying constituent is: C0.18～0.22%, Si0.20～0.50%, Mn1.20～1.50%, Cr0.30～0.6%, Ni0.6～0.9%, Mo0.15～0.30%, V0.05～0.08%, Ti0.03～0.05%, Ce0.01～0.02%.Be specially adapted on pin rail seat key part, use on coal winning machinery middle scraper transfer roller, possess HI high impact merit, described in it, the described cast steel tensile strength of cast steel is 930～1080MPa, yield strength >=830MPa, unit elongation >=9%, ballistic work >=50J, hardness is 292～337HB.But there is alloy content high-technology defect in this cast steel, and welding property is very poor, complicated process of preparation, production cost is high.
In recent years, the low-carbon microalloy high-strong toughness cast steel of not yet finding to have both high strength, high rigidity, good impelling strength, plasticity and welding property is applied on large-scale rocker arm of coal mining machine housing, and along with the fast development of coal in China energy demand, develop large mining height, high-performance coalcutter, and realize few people when highly efficient and productive, long, unmanned digitizing, intelligent coal mining in short-term, increasing to the high performance cast steel rocking arm of this class demand consumption.Because its over-all properties is had relatively high expectations, still there is no suitable alternative cast steel material therefore at present domestic, and the price of the cast steel of the similar performance of Introduced From Abroad is very expensive, a kind of rocker arm of coal mining machine low-carbon microalloyed cast steel of independent research is very necessary for this reason.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is for above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, and the rocker arm of coal mining machine that a kind of strong hardness is high, impelling strength is good, carbon equivalent is low, production cost is low low-carbon microalloyed cast steel is provided.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of rocker arm of coal mining machine low-carbon microalloyed cast steel, is characterized in that, one-tenth by following mass percent is grouped into: C0.22%～0.30%, Si 0.30%～0.45%, Mn 1.10～1.20%, Cr 0.20%～0.40%, Ni0.20%～0.35%, Mo 0.30%～0.45%, Al 0.03%～0.06%, Ce 0.03%～0.04%, S≤0.015%, P≤0.02%, surplus is Fe.
Above-mentioned a kind of rocker arm of coal mining machine low-carbon microalloyed cast steel, is characterized in that, is grouped into: C 0.27% by the one-tenth of following mass percent, Si 0.41%, Mn 1.13%, Cr 0.33%, Ni 0.35%, Mo 0.45%, S 0.006%, P 0.013%, Al 0.03%, Ce 0.04%, surplus is Fe.
Above-mentioned a kind of rocker arm of coal mining machine low-carbon microalloyed cast steel, is characterized in that, is grouped into: C 0.25% by the one-tenth of following mass percent, Si 0.42%, Mn 1.1%, Cr 0.4%, Ni 0.29%, Mo 0.42%, S 0.007%, P 0.012%, Al 0.052%, Ce 0.03%, surplus is Fe.
Above-mentioned a kind of rocker arm of coal mining machine low-carbon microalloyed cast steel, is characterized in that, is grouped into: C 0.22% by the one-tenth of following mass percent, Si 0.45%, Mn 1.16%, Cr 0.35%, Ni 0.2%, Mo 0.30%, S 0.015%, P 0.02%, Al 0.06%, Ce 0.036%, surplus is Fe.。
Above-mentioned a kind of rocker arm of coal mining machine low-carbon microalloyed cast steel, is characterized in that, is grouped into: C 0.30% by the one-tenth of following mass percent, Si 0.30%, Mn 1.20%, Cr 0.20%, Ni 0.31%, Mo 0.39%, S 0.008%, P 0.010%, Al 0.048%, Ce 0.038%, surplus is Fe.
In addition, the present invention also provides a kind of method of preparing above-mentioned rocker arm of coal mining machine low-carbon microalloyed cast steel, it is characterized in that, the method is: require to prepare burden with the Composition Design of low-carbon microalloyed cast steel according to rocker arm of coal mining machine to be prepared, after arc melting, carry out refining treatment, then carry out successively homogenizing annealing processing, normalizing treatment and ageing treatment, obtain rocker arm of coal mining machine low-carbon microalloyed cast steel; The detailed process of described homogenizing annealing processing is: be incubated 4h～5h in temperature is the process furnace of 910 DEG C～930 DEG C after, stove is cold, the detailed process of described normalizing treatment is: air-cooled be incubated 3h～4h in temperature is the process furnace of 900 DEG C～920 DEG C after, the detailed process of described ageing treatment is: air cooling be incubated 3h～4h in temperature is the process furnace of 500 DEG C～550 DEG C after.
The technological improvement of the present invention aspect cast steel composition is: the present invention carries out autonomous innovation optimization design according to the performance requriements of highly efficient and productive and large mining-height coal mining machine, to ensure that every mechanical property and welding property meet or exceed the level of external similar coalcutter.According to the service requirements of highly efficient and productive, large mining height and high-power coal cutter, this cast steel should have higher intensity, hardness, good impelling strength and plasticity and good welding property.Therefore, the principle of its design is under the condition of low-carbon (LC), by multielement microalloying and optimal heat processing, the advantage such as the ageing strengthening of microalloy carboritride, grain refining that performance solution strengthening, pearlitic structure are strengthened, distributed from ferrite diffusion-precipitation, ensureing, under the prerequisite of strong hardness and toughness plasticity, also to ensure good weldability and processing characteristics.Because carbon content is lower, thereby can ensure impelling strength and plasticity and the good welding property that cast steel is good; Appropriate silicon molybdenum content contributes to produce solution strengthening, and content is too low more can greatly affect the multiple strengthening effect of other trace alloying element by reducing the effect of solution strengthening, and too high levels can reduce impelling strength and plasticity and good welding property; Chromium (Cr) can significantly improve intensity, hardness and wear resistance in cast steel, but reduces plasticity and toughness simultaneously.Nickel (Ni) can improve the intensity of steel, and keeps good plasticity and toughness.Molybdenum (Mo) can make the grain refining of cast steel, can improve mechanical property.Simultaneously chromium (Cr) and molybdenum (Mo) again can with cast steel in carbon, the microalloy carboritride that nitrogen-atoms forms disperse distribution, play good ageing strengthening effect.Rare-earth element cerium (Ce) can play microalloying, alleviate the low melting point harmful elements such as phosphorus in steel, arsenic, tin, antimony, bismuth, lead acts on mutually, and can bring into play that desulfurization, deoxidation and sex change are mingled with, dispersion hardening effect.In cast steel, add appropriate chromium, nickel, molybdenum and rare earth element, its comprehensive action is far longer than independent role sum simultaneously.Sulphur (S) and phosphorus (P) are detrimental impurity elements in cast steel, along with steel-making starting material are brought in cast steel, its content is more low better, aluminium (Al) is requisite element of cast steels melting later stage, except deoxidizing purification molten iron, can also play the effect of crystal grain thinning.
The present invention in the technological improvement aspect cast steel thermal treatment is: for giving full play to the performance potential of rocker arm of coal mining machine low-carbon microalloyed cast steel, it is crucial seeking optimum treatment process scheme, and its basic mode comprises: homogenizing annealing processing, normalizing treatment and ageing treatment.
Homogenizing annealing processing: for large-scale rocker arm of coal mining machine low-carbon microalloyed cast steel, the object of high temperature homogenizing annealing processing is in order to eliminate as-cast structure and macrosegregation, microsegregation, make casting composition homogenizing crystal grain thinning, eliminate casting stress, the present invention adopts high temperature homogenizing annealing technique to be: the deepfreeze of 910 DEG C～930 DEG C insulation 4h～5h stoves.
Normalizing treatment: its objective is further elimination casting stress, increase pearlite fraction, microstructure homogenization and grain refining, and the strong carboritride element of some amount is added in the ferrite of uniform and delicate, the normalizing process that the present invention adopts is: the air-cooled processing of 900 DEG C～920 DEG C insulation 3h～4h.
Ageing treatment: its object is mainly further to eliminate the various stress of foundry goods, simultaneously in original build up, on the basis of grain refining, separate out the alloy carbide such as Cr, Mo nitride through ageing treatment from ferrite crystal grain, because the particle of precipitation compounds is very tiny, play the effect of dispersion-strengthened, thereby both can obtain higher hardness intensity (particularly yield strength), also can obtain good impelling strength.Aging temp and soaking time directly affect the final performance of low-carbon microalloyed large-scale rocker arm of coal mining machine cast steel.By progressively testing, determine best aging treatment process.The aging technique that the present invention adopts is: the processing of 500 DEG C～550 DEG C insulation 3h～4h air coolings.
Through the parameter of above-mentioned three kinds of thermal treatment process is optimized to test, select the optimal heat processing parameter that can make cast steel obtain high strong hardness and good impelling strength, low carbon equivalent and low cost of alloy.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages:
1, the invention provides a kind of large-scale rocker arm of coal mining machine low-carbon microalloyed cast steel, this cast steel has high strong hardness, good impelling strength, low carbon equivalent and low cost of alloy.
2, the present invention is by screening and optimization that the chemical composition of cast steel is filled a prescription, and cast steel is sought to optimum treatment process, finally obtain the low-carbon microalloyed cast steel that strong hardness is high, impelling strength is good, carbon equivalent is low, cost of alloy is low, more can meet the needs of the large-scale rocking arm of coalcutter steel.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further detail.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the metallographic structure figure of the rocker arm of coal mining machine prepared of the embodiment of the present invention 1 low-carbon microalloyed cast steel.
Fig. 2 is the metallographic structure figure of the rocker arm of coal mining machine prepared of the embodiment of the present invention 2 low-carbon microalloyed cast steel.
Fig. 3 is the metallographic structure figure of the rocker arm of coal mining machine prepared of the embodiment of the present invention 3 low-carbon microalloyed cast steel.
Fig. 4 is the metallographic structure figure of the rocker arm of coal mining machine prepared of the embodiment of the present invention 4 low-carbon microalloyed cast steel.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment rocker arm of coal mining machine is grouped into by the one-tenth of following mass percent with low-carbon microalloyed cast steel: C 0.22%, Si 0.45%, Mn 1.16%, Cr 0.35%, Ni 0.20%, Mo 0.30%, S 0.015%, P 0.02%, Al 0.06%, Ce 0.036%, surplus is Fe.
The present embodiment rocker arm of coal mining machine by the preparation method of low-carbon microalloyed cast steel is: require to prepare burden according to the Composition Design of rocker arm of coal mining machine low-carbon microalloyed cast steel, first in electric arc furnace, carry out conventional arc melting, in refining furnace, carry out again conventional refining treatment, then after being incubated 4.5h successively in temperature is the process furnace of 920 DEG C, stove is cold carries out homogenizing annealing processing, the air-cooled normalizing treatment of carrying out be incubated 3.5h in temperature is the process furnace of 910 DEG C after, be incubated 3.5h in temperature is the process furnace of 520 DEG C after, air cooling carries out ageing treatment, obtain low-carbon microalloyed rocker arm of coal mining machine cast steel.
As shown in Figure 1, this cast steel is " perlite+ferrite " structure as shown in Figure 1, homogeneous microstructure densification in the metallographic structure of the present embodiment rocker arm of coal mining machine use low-carbon microalloyed cast steel.The present embodiment rocker arm of coal mining machine by the performance test data of low-carbon microalloyed cast steel in table 1.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment rocker arm of coal mining machine is grouped into by the one-tenth of following mass percent with low-carbon microalloyed cast steel: C 0.30%, Si 0.30%, Mn 1.20%, Cr 0.20%, Ni 0.31%, Mo 0.39%, S 0.008%, P 0.010%, Al 0.048%, Ce 0.038%, surplus is Fe.
The present embodiment rocker arm of coal mining machine by the preparation method of low-carbon microalloyed cast steel is: require to prepare burden according to the Composition Design of rocker arm of coal mining machine low-carbon microalloyed cast steel, first in electric arc furnace, carry out conventional arc melting, in refining furnace, carry out again conventional refining treatment, then after being incubated 5h successively in temperature is the process furnace of 910 DEG C, stove is cold carries out homogenizing annealing processing, the air-cooled normalizing treatment of carrying out be incubated 3h in temperature is the process furnace of 900 DEG C after, be incubated 4h in temperature is the process furnace of 500 DEG C after, air cooling carries out ageing treatment, obtain low-carbon microalloyed rocker arm of coal mining machine cast steel.
As shown in Figure 2, this cast steel is " perlite+ferrite " structure as shown in Figure 2, homogeneous microstructure densification in the metallographic structure of the present embodiment rocker arm of coal mining machine use low-carbon microalloyed cast steel.The present embodiment rocker arm of coal mining machine by the performance test data of low-carbon microalloyed cast steel in table 1.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment rocker arm of coal mining machine is grouped into by the one-tenth of following mass percent with low-carbon microalloyed cast steel: C 0.27%, Si 0.41%, Mn 1.13%, Cr 0.33%, Ni 0.35%, Mo 0.45%, S 0.006%, P 0.013%, Al 0.03%, Ce 0.04%, surplus is Fe.
The present embodiment rocker arm of coal mining machine by the preparation method of low-carbon microalloyed cast steel is: require to prepare burden according to the Composition Design of rocker arm of coal mining machine low-carbon microalloyed cast steel, first in electric arc furnace, carry out conventional arc melting, in refining furnace, carry out again conventional refining treatment, then after being incubated 4h successively in temperature is the process furnace of 930 DEG C, stove is cold carries out homogenizing annealing processing, the air-cooled normalizing treatment of carrying out be incubated 3h in temperature is the process furnace of 920 DEG C after, be incubated 3h in temperature is the process furnace of 550 DEG C after, air cooling carries out ageing treatment, obtain low-carbon microalloyed rocker arm of coal mining machine cast steel.
As shown in Figure 3, this cast steel is " perlite+ferrite " structure as shown in Figure 3, homogeneous microstructure densification in the metallographic structure of the present embodiment rocker arm of coal mining machine use low-carbon microalloyed cast steel.The present embodiment rocker arm of coal mining machine by the performance test data of low-carbon microalloyed cast steel in table 1.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment rocker arm of coal mining machine is grouped into by the one-tenth of following mass percent with low-carbon microalloyed cast steel: C 0.25%, Si 0.42%, Mn 1.1%, Cr 0.40%, Ni 0.29%, Mo 0.42%, S0.007%, P 0.012%, Al 0.052%, Ce 0.03%, surplus is Fe.
The present embodiment rocker arm of coal mining machine by the preparation method of low-carbon microalloyed cast steel is: require to prepare burden according to the Composition Design of rocker arm of coal mining machine low-carbon microalloyed cast steel, first in electric arc furnace, carry out conventional arc melting, in refining furnace, carry out again conventional refining treatment, then after being incubated 4h successively in temperature is the process furnace of 930 DEG C, stove is cold carries out homogenizing annealing processing, the air-cooled normalizing treatment of carrying out be incubated 4h in temperature is the process furnace of 900 DEG C after, be incubated 3h in temperature is the process furnace of 500 DEG C after, air cooling carries out ageing treatment, obtain low-carbon microalloyed rocker arm of coal mining machine cast steel.
As shown in Figure 4, this cast steel is " perlite+ferrite " (F+P) structure as shown in Figure 4, homogeneous microstructure densification in the metallographic structure of the present embodiment rocker arm of coal mining machine use low-carbon microalloyed cast steel.The present embodiment rocker arm of coal mining machine by the performance test data of low-carbon microalloyed cast steel in table 1.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example rocker arm of coal mining machine is only by the difference of low-carbon microalloyed cast steel and embodiment 1: not containing Ce.This comparative example rocker arm of coal mining machine is identical with embodiment 1 by the preparation method of low-carbon microalloyed cast steel, and its performance test data is in table 1.
The performance test data of low-carbon microalloyed cast steel for table 1 rocker arm of coal mining machine of the present invention
In table 1, each symbol represents respectively: Cel-yield strength, Rm-tensile strength, A-unit elongation, Z-relative reduction in area, HB-Brinell hardness, a
kU-impelling strength.
As shown in Table 1, adopt the Composition Design of cast steel of the present invention and corresponding thermal treatment process thereof, can obtain the foundry goods of high strong hardness and good impelling strength, low carbon equivalent and low cost of alloy, more can meet the needs of the large-scale rocking arm of coalcutter.
The above, be only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not the present invention imposed any restrictions.Every any simple modification of above embodiment being done according to invention technical spirit, change and equivalence change, and all still belong in the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a rocker arm of coal mining machine low-carbon microalloyed cast steel, is characterized in that, is grouped into by the one-tenth of following mass percent: C 0.22%～0.30%, Si 0.30%～0.45%, Mn 1.10～1.20%, Cr 0.20%～0.40%, Ni 0.20%～0.35%, Mo 0.30%～0.45%, Al 0.03%～0.06%, Ce 0.03%～0.04%, S≤0.015%, P≤0.02%, surplus is Fe.
2. a kind of rocker arm of coal mining machine low-carbon microalloyed cast steel according to claim 1, is characterized in that, is grouped into: C 0.27% by the one-tenth of following mass percent, Si 0.41%, Mn 1.13%, Cr 0.33%, Ni 0.35%, Mo 0.45%, S 0.006%, P 0.013%, Al 0.03%, Ce 0.04%, surplus is Fe.
3. a kind of rocker arm of coal mining machine low-carbon microalloyed cast steel according to claim 1, is characterized in that, is grouped into: C 0.25% by the one-tenth of following mass percent, Si 0.42%, Mn 1.1%, Cr 0.4%, Ni 0.29%, Mo 0.42%, S 0.007%, P 0.012%, Al 0.052%, Ce 0.03%, surplus is Fe.
4. a kind of rocker arm of coal mining machine low-carbon microalloyed cast steel according to claim 1, is characterized in that, is grouped into: C 0.22% by the one-tenth of following mass percent, Si 0.45%, Mn 1.16%, Cr 0.35%, Ni 0.2%, Mo 0.30%, S 0.015%, P 0.02%, Al 0.06%, Ce 0.036%, surplus is Fe.
5. a kind of rocker arm of coal mining machine low-carbon microalloyed cast steel according to claim 1, is characterized in that, is grouped into: C 0.30% by the one-tenth of following mass percent, Si 0.30%, Mn 1.20%, Cr 0.20%, Ni 0.31%, Mo 0.39%, S 0.008%, P 0.010%, Al 0.048%, Ce0.038%, surplus is Fe.
6. prepare the method for rocker arm of coal mining machine low-carbon microalloyed cast steel as described in any one claim in claim 1 to 5 for one kind, it is characterized in that, the method is: require to prepare burden with the Composition Design of low-carbon microalloyed cast steel according to rocker arm of coal mining machine to be prepared, after arc melting, carry out refining treatment, then carry out successively homogenizing annealing processing, normalizing treatment and ageing treatment, obtain rocker arm of coal mining machine low-carbon microalloyed cast steel; The detailed process of described homogenizing annealing processing is: be incubated 4h～5h in temperature is the process furnace of 910 DEG C～930 DEG C after, stove is cold, the detailed process of described normalizing treatment is: air-cooled be incubated 3h～4h in temperature is the process furnace of 900 DEG C～920 DEG C after, the detailed process of described ageing treatment is: air cooling be incubated 3h～4h in temperature is the process furnace of 500 DEG C～550 DEG C after.
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| CN111394548A (en) * | 2020-04-18 | 2020-07-10 | 天地科技股份有限公司上海分公司 | Preparation method of large shell of coal mining machine |
| CN111394548B (en) * | 2020-04-18 | 2024-01-30 | 天地科技股份有限公司上海分公司 | Preparation method of large shell of coal mining machine |
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