CN104130496B - 一种发泡天花板及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种发泡天花板及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN104130496B CN104130496B CN201410420805.1A CN201410420805A CN104130496B CN 104130496 B CN104130496 B CN 104130496B CN 201410420805 A CN201410420805 A CN 201410420805A CN 104130496 B CN104130496 B CN 104130496B
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- triphenyl phosphite
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Abstract
本申请公开了一种发泡天花板及其制备方法，按照重量份数配比称取LDPE、硬脂酸、DOP、硬脂酸钡、碳酸钙、月桂酸二丁基锡、阻燃剂、硬脂酸正丁酯、硬脂酸锌、二羟基四甲氧基二苯甲酮、抗氧剂、亚磷酸三苯酯、AC发泡剂、MBS和氯化石蜡，塑炼后出片，然后经过发泡模压即可；产品相对密度0.1-0.5，弯曲强度8-12MPa；拉伸强度1.8-2.2Mpa，80℃缺口冲击强度20-25kJ/m2；断裂伸长率240-260％，邵氏硬度45-65，维卡软化点90-110℃。
Description
技术领域
本申请属于天花板制备工艺领域，尤其涉及一种发泡天花板及其制备方法。
背景技术
天花板是对装饰室内屋顶材料的总称。过去传统民居中多以草席、苇席、木板等为主要材料。随着科技的进步更多的现代建筑材料被应用进来。过去人们对天花板的印象，只是停留在“一片白花花的水泥”上，殊不知天花板在家庭装修中占有极其重要的地位。另外，天花板装修还要起到遮掩梁柱、管线，隔热、隔音等作用。此外，天花板的造型设计精彩多变，每一种都能创造出不同的装饰效果。预留灯槽好照明：这是吊顶的最基本功能，各种灯具被藏在吊顶内部，形成反射光源，给居室创造出温馨的效果。厨房洁净新天空：塑胶扣板是目前最流行的厨房天花板装饰材料，不仅有很好的防潮性，而且用抹布蘸洗洁精一擦就干净。目前还有一种金属的吊顶材料也开始流行起来，它的装饰效果更好，只不过价钱略现昂贵。人字形屋顶巧装修：有些户型会有传统的人字形屋顶，假如用木板包裹起来，设计成古代屋檐的式样，可以为空间带来浓浓的古朴情趣。大面积空间的吊顶：如果客厅面积很大，可以设计比较复杂的吊顶，使平面的天花板呈现出立体感。直与曲的对话：如果你嫌家里的装饰线条太直、太硬，你可以设计一个带曲线的吊顶，让房间的视觉效果发生一点变化。古典风格的白色天花板：在天花板上装饰古典味的西洋石膏板装饰板，配合造型繁复的枝型吊灯，使原本空荡荡的天花板丰富起来。。
聚乙烯是乙烯经聚合制得的一种热塑性树脂。在工业上，也包括乙烯与少量α-烯烃的共聚物。聚乙烯无臭，无毒，手感似蜡，具有优良的耐低温性能，化学稳定性好，能耐大多数酸碱的侵蚀。常温下不溶于一般溶剂，吸水性小，电绝缘性优良。是以乙烯单体聚合而成的聚合物。聚乙烯乃1922年由英国ICI合成，1939年开始工业生产，在美国正式工业性生产，大战中为重要的雷达用绝缘材料和军需用品，战后，日本三井石油化学、住友化学(1958年)开始正式生产，1975年14年厂年产140.7万吨，仅次于美国。聚乙烯对于环境应力(化学与机械作用)是很敏感的，耐热老化性差于聚合物的化学结构和加工条。聚乙烯可用一般热塑性塑料的成型方法(见塑料加工)加工。用途十分广泛，主要用来制造薄膜、包装材料、容器、管道、单丝、电线电缆、日用品等，并可作为电视、雷达等的高频绝缘材料。随着石油化工的发展，聚乙烯生产得到迅速发展，产量约占塑料总产量的1/4。1983年世界聚乙烯总生产能力为24.65Mt，在建装置能力为3.16Mt。2011年最新统计结果，全球产能达到96Mt，聚乙烯生产的发展趋势显示，生产消费逐步向亚洲地区转移，中国日渐成为最重要的消费市场。我国聚乙烯行业通过近几年不断发展，截至2011年装置年产能达到1082万吨。在十二五期间仍有抚顺石化、武汉乙烯、四川炼化、大庆石化等装置投产，到十二五末期，聚乙烯产能将达到1667万吨。从2011年的数据来看，聚乙烯国产量在1015.2万吨，表观需求量在1727.27万吨，从中可看出国内聚乙烯仍存在700多万吨的缺口不得不依托进口。因此，进口产品凭借其相对较高的性能和成本优势占据了我国聚乙烯市场的重要比例。但是随着国内产能的扩大和十二五期间烯烃原料的多元化，我国聚乙烯的自给率将大幅提高，对外依存度将逐渐降低。聚乙烯树脂为无毒、无味的白色粉末或颗粒，外观呈乳白色，有似蜡的手感，吸水率低，小于0.01％。聚乙烯膜透明，并随结晶度的提高而降低。聚乙烯膜的透水率低但透气性较大，不适于保鲜包装而适于防潮包装。易燃、氧指数为17.4，燃烧时低烟，有少量熔融落滴，火焰上黄下蓝，有石蜡气味。聚乙烯的耐水性较好。制品表面无极性，难以粘合和印刷，经表面处理有所改善。支链多其耐光降解和耐氧化能力差。
低密度聚乙烯通常是以乙烯为单体，在98.0～294MPa的高压下，用氧或有机过氧化物为引发剂，经聚合所得的聚合物。低密度聚乙烯分子链上有长短支链。结晶度较低，分子量一般5～50万，它是一种乳白色呈半透明的蜡状固体树脂，无毒。软化点较低，超过软化点即熔融，其热熔接性、成型加工性能很好，柔软性良好，抗冲击韧性、耐低温性很好，可在-60℃～-80℃下工作，电绝缘性优秀(尤其是高频绝缘性)，LDPE的机械强度较差，耐热性不高，抗环境应力开裂性、粘附性、粘合性、印刷性差，需经表面处理，如化学侵蚀、电晕等处理后方可改进其粘合性、印刷性。吸水性很低，几乎不吸水，化学稳定性优秀，如对酸、碱、盐、有机溶剂都较稳定。对CO2、有机性臭气渗透性大，但对水蒸汽、空气的渗透性差。易燃烧，燃烧时有似石蜡昧；在日光和热作用下容易老化降解而变色，由白转黄转褐色，最终呈黑色，且性能下降或龟裂，若加入一定量的抗氧剂、紫外线吸收剂等可改善性能、在化学交联剂或高能辐照下交联，可提高软化点、耐温性、刚度、耐溶剂性等。低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)适合热塑性成型加工的各种成型工艺.成型加工性好，如注塑、挤塑、吹塑、旋转成型、涂覆、发泡工艺、热成型、热风焊、热焊接等。LDPE主要用途是作薄膜产品，如农业用薄膜、地面覆盖薄膜、农膜、蔬菜大棚膜等；包装用膜如糖果、蔬菜、冷冻食品等包装；液体包装用吹塑薄膜(牛奶、酱油、果汁。豆腐、豆奶)；重包装袋，收缩包装薄膜，弹性薄膜，内衬薄膜；建筑用薄膜，一般工业包装薄膜和食品袋等。LDPE还用于注塑制品，如小型容器、盖子、日用制品、塑料花、注塑一拉伸一吹塑容器。医疗器具，药品和食品包装材料、挤塑的管材、板材，电线电缆包覆，异型材、热成型等制品；吹塑中空成型制品，如食品容器有奶制品和果酱类，药物、化妆品、化工产品容器、槽罐等。而随着人性化理念的普及，及新型和谐社会的构成，设计一种相对密度低、拉伸强度高、断裂伸长率高的发泡天花板及其制备方法是非常必要的。
发明内容
解决的技术问题：
本申请针对上述技术问题，提供一种发泡天花板及其制备方法，解决现有天花板相对密度高、拉伸强度低、冲击强度低且断裂伸长率低等技术问题。
技术方案：
一种发泡天花板，所述发泡天花板的原料按重量份数配比如下：LDPE100份；硬脂酸0.5-1.5份；DOP30-50份；硬脂酸钡1.5-3.5份；碳酸钙70-90份；月桂酸二丁基锡1-3份；阻燃剂10-30份；硬脂酸正丁酯2-4份；硬脂酸锌3-7份；二羟基四甲氧基二苯甲酮为0.2-0.6份；抗氧剂0.5-2.5份；亚磷酸三苯酯为1-5份；AC发泡剂5-25份；MBS15-35份；氯化石蜡6-10份。
作为本发明的一种优选技术方案：所述发泡天花板的原料按重量份数配比如下：LDPE100份；硬脂酸0.8-1.2份；DOP35-45份；硬脂酸钡2-3份；碳酸钙75-85份；月桂酸二丁基锡1.5-2.5份；阻燃剂15-25份；硬脂酸正丁酯2.5-3.5份；硬脂酸锌4-6份；二羟基四甲氧基二苯甲酮为0.3-0.5份；抗氧剂1-2份；亚磷酸三苯酯为2-4份；AC发泡剂10-20份；MBS20-30份；氯化石蜡7-9份。
作为本发明的一种优选技术方案：所述发泡天花板的原料按重量份数配比如下：LDPE100份；硬脂酸1份；DOP40份；硬脂酸钡2.5份；碳酸钙80份；月桂酸二丁基锡2份；阻燃剂20份；硬脂酸正丁酯3份；硬脂酸锌5份；二羟基四甲氧基二苯甲酮为0.4份；抗氧剂1.5份；亚磷酸三苯酯为3份；AC发泡剂15份；MBS25份；氯化石蜡8份。
作为本发明的一种优选技术方案：所述阻燃剂采用三氧化二锑或硼酸锌。
作为本发明的一种优选技术方案：所述抗氧剂采用抗氧剂DLTP或CA抗氧剂。
作为本发明的一种优选技术方案：所述发泡天花板的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
第一步：按照重量份数配比称取LDPE、硬脂酸、DOP、硬脂酸钡、碳酸钙、月桂酸二丁基锡、阻燃剂、硬脂酸正丁酯、硬脂酸锌、二羟基四甲氧基二苯甲酮、抗氧剂、亚磷酸三苯酯、AC发泡剂、MBS和氯化石蜡；
第二步：在两辊塑炼机上把LDPE、硬脂酸、DOP、硬脂酸钡、碳酸钙、月桂酸二丁基锡、硬脂酸正丁酯和硬脂酸锌在130-150℃的表面温度下进行混炼；
第三步：加入亚磷酸三苯酯和AC发泡剂混合两次，然后加入剩余原料，混炼两次后出片；
第四步：在多层硫化机上发泡模压，模压温度为180-240℃，模压时间20-60s。
有益效果：
本发明所述一种发泡天花板及其制备方法采用以上技术方案与现有技术相比，具有以下技术效果：1、产品相对密度0.1-0.5，弯曲强度8-12MPa；2、拉伸强度1.8-2.2Mpa，80℃缺口冲击强度20-25kJ/m2；3、断裂伸长率240-260％，邵氏硬度45-65；4、维卡软化点90-110℃，可以广泛生产并不断代替现有材料。
具体实施方式
实施例1:
按照重量份数配比称取LDPE100份；硬脂酸0.5份；DOP30份；硬脂酸钡1.5份；碳酸钙70份；月桂酸二丁基锡1份；硼酸锌10份；硬脂酸正丁酯2份；硬脂酸锌3份；二羟基四甲氧基二苯甲酮为0.2份；抗氧剂DLTP0.5份；亚磷酸三苯酯为1份；AC发泡剂5份；MBS15份；氯化石蜡6份。
在两辊塑炼机上把LDPE、硬脂酸、DOP、硬脂酸钡、碳酸钙、月桂酸二丁基锡、硬脂酸正丁酯和硬脂酸锌在130℃的表面温度下进行混炼。
加入亚磷酸三苯酯和AC发泡剂混合两次，然后加入剩余原料，混炼两次后出片；在多层硫化机上发泡模压，模压温度为180℃，模压时间20s。
产品相对密度0.5，弯曲强度8MPa；拉伸强度1.8Mpa，80℃缺口冲击强度20kJ/m2；断
裂伸长率240％，邵氏硬度45，维卡软化点90℃。
实施例2:
按照重量份数配比称取LDPE100份；硬脂酸1.5份；DOP50份；硬脂酸钡3.5份；碳酸钙90份；月桂酸二丁基锡3份；硼酸锌30份；硬脂酸正丁酯4份；硬脂酸锌7份；二羟基四甲氧基二苯甲酮为0.6份；抗氧剂DLTP2.5份；亚磷酸三苯酯为5份；AC发泡剂25份；MBS35份；氯化石蜡10份。
在两辊塑炼机上把LDPE、硬脂酸、DOP、硬脂酸钡、碳酸钙、月桂酸二丁基锡、硬脂酸正丁酯和硬脂酸锌在150℃的表面温度下进行混炼。
加入亚磷酸三苯酯和AC发泡剂混合两次，然后加入剩余原料，混炼两次后出片；在多层硫化机上发泡模压，模压温度为240℃，模压时间60s。
产品相对密度0.4，弯曲强度9MPa；拉伸强度1.9Mpa，80℃缺口冲击强度22kJ/m2；断
裂伸长率245％，邵氏硬度50，维卡软化点95℃。
实施例3:
按照重量份数配比称取LDPE100份；硬脂酸0.8份；DOP35份；硬脂酸钡2份；碳酸钙75份；月桂酸二丁基锡1.5份；三氧化二锑15份；硬脂酸正丁酯2.5份；硬脂酸锌4份；二羟基四甲氧基二苯甲酮为0.3份；CA抗氧剂1份；亚磷酸三苯酯为2份；AC发泡剂10份；MBS20份；氯化石蜡7份。
在两辊塑炼机上把LDPE、硬脂酸、DOP、硬脂酸钡、碳酸钙、月桂酸二丁基锡、硬脂酸正丁酯和硬脂酸锌在135℃的表面温度下进行混炼。
加入亚磷酸三苯酯和AC发泡剂混合两次，然后加入剩余原料，混炼两次后出片；在多层硫化机上发泡模压，模压温度为200℃，模压时间30s。
产品相对密度0.3，弯曲强度10MPa；拉伸强度2Mpa，80℃缺口冲击强度23kJ/m2；断裂
伸长率250％，邵氏硬度55，维卡软化点100℃。
实施例4:
按照重量份数配比称取LDPE100份；硬脂酸1.2份；DOP45份；硬脂酸钡3份；碳酸钙85份；月桂酸二丁基锡2.5份；三氧化二锑25份；硬脂酸正丁酯3.5份；硬脂酸锌6份；二羟基四甲氧基二苯甲酮为0.5份；CA抗氧剂2份；亚磷酸三苯酯为4份；AC发泡剂20份；MBS30份；氯化石蜡9份。
在两辊塑炼机上把LDPE、硬脂酸、DOP、硬脂酸钡、碳酸钙、月桂酸二丁基锡、硬脂酸正丁酯和硬脂酸锌在145℃的表面温度下进行混炼。
加入亚磷酸三苯酯和AC发泡剂混合两次，然后加入剩余原料，混炼两次后出片；在多层硫化机上发泡模压，模压温度为220℃，模压时间50s。
产品相对密度0.2，弯曲强度11MPa；拉伸强度2.1Mpa，80℃缺口冲击强度24kJ/m2；断
裂伸长率255％，邵氏硬度60，维卡软化点105℃。
实施例5:
按照重量份数配比称取LDPE100份；硬脂酸1份；DOP40份；硬脂酸钡2.5份；碳酸钙80份；月桂酸二丁基锡2份；三氧化二锑20份；硬脂酸正丁酯3份；硬脂酸锌5份；二羟基四甲氧基二苯甲酮为0.4份；CA抗氧剂1.5份；亚磷酸三苯酯为3份；AC发泡剂15份；MBS25份；氯化石蜡8份。
在两辊塑炼机上把LDPE、硬脂酸、DOP、硬脂酸钡、碳酸钙、月桂酸二丁基锡、硬脂酸正丁酯和硬脂酸锌在140℃的表面温度下进行混炼。
加入亚磷酸三苯酯和AC发泡剂混合两次，然后加入剩余原料，混炼两次后出片；在多层硫化机上发泡模压，模压温度为210℃，模压时间40s。
产品相对密度0.1，弯曲强度12MPa；拉伸强度2.2Mpa，80℃缺口冲击强度25kJ/m2；断
裂伸长率260％，邵氏硬度65，维卡软化点110℃。
以上实施例中的组合物所有组分均可以商业购买。
上述实施例只是用于对本发明的内容进行阐述，而不是限制，因此在与本发明的权利要求书相当的含义和范围内的任何改变，都应该认为是包括在权利要求书的范围内。
Claims (3)
1.一种发泡天花板，其特征在于所述发泡天花板的原料按重量份数配比如下：LDPE100份；硬脂酸1份；DOP40份；硬脂酸钡2.5份；碳酸钙80份；月桂酸二丁基锡2份；阻燃剂20份；硬脂酸正丁酯3份；硬脂酸锌5份；二羟基四甲氧基二苯甲酮为0.4份；抗氧剂DLTP或CA抗氧剂1.5份；亚磷酸三苯酯为3份；AC发泡剂15份；MBS25份；氯化石蜡8份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种发泡天花板，其特征在于：所述阻燃剂采用三氧化二锑或硼酸锌。
3.一种权利要求1所述发泡天花板的制备方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
第一步：按照重量份数配比称取LDPE、硬脂酸、DOP、硬脂酸钡、碳酸钙、月桂酸二丁基锡、阻燃剂、硬脂酸正丁酯、硬脂酸锌、二羟基四甲氧基二苯甲酮、抗氧剂、亚磷酸三苯酯、AC发泡剂、MBS和氯化石蜡；
第二步：在两辊塑炼机上把LDPE、硬脂酸、DOP、硬脂酸钡、碳酸钙、月桂酸二丁基锡、硬脂酸正丁酯和硬脂酸锌在130-150℃的表面温度下进行混炼；
第三步：加入亚磷酸三苯酯和AC发泡剂混合两次，然后加入剩余原料，混炼两次后出片；
第四步：在多层硫化机上发泡模压，模压温度为180-240℃，模压时间20-60s。
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