CN104122576A - Method and device for measuring long-time average deposition rate of 218Po by solid-state nuclear track detectors - Google Patents
Method and device for measuring long-time average deposition rate of 218Po by solid-state nuclear track detectors Download PDFInfo
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- CN104122576A CN104122576A CN201410373948.1A CN201410373948A CN104122576A CN 104122576 A CN104122576 A CN 104122576A CN 201410373948 A CN201410373948 A CN 201410373948A CN 104122576 A CN104122576 A CN 104122576A
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- solid state
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- track detector
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Abstract
Disclosed are a method and a device for measuring long-time average deposition rate of 218Po by solid-state nuclear track detectors. During measurement, the bottom of a box of a measuring device is fixed on an indoor wall face, an indoor floor or an indoor ceiling in a measuring environment, and the measuring time is set as T which ranges from a few days to hundreds of days according to measuring requirements. After measurement is completed, a first solid-state nuclear track detector, a second solid-state nuclear track detector and a third solid-state nuclear track detector are taken down immediately and are subjected to chemical etching, nuclear track numbers on the first solid-state nuclear track detector, the second solid-state nuclear track detector and the third solid-state nuclear track detector are read respectively, and then the long-time average deposition rate of 218Po is obtained by computation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of nuclear radiation detection technology, particularly one utilizes solid state nuclear track detector to measure
218method and the device of the long-time average deposition rate of Po.
Background technology
In air ambient, radon is the main source of the suffered natural radiation of human body, and from essence, to human respiratory, radiation is the major reason that causes lung cancer in the daughter of radon.Airborne radon has
222rn and
220rn, due to
222rn concentration generally far above
220rn concentration, the main monitoring target of environmental activity is exactly
222the daughter of Rn, wherein
218po is
222the first order in Rn decay chain, has particularly important meaning.Traditional active measuring method is generally to adopt filter membrane to sample to airborne radon daughter, then analyze by tale or Method of Energy Spectrum Analysis obtains the concentration of Radon daughter, the method is accurately quick, but can only reflect the data of sampling time section, can not obtain long average data.Affect in room air
218the factor of Po concentration mainly contains
222the concentration of Rn, ventilation rate and
218these three parameters of Po deposition, what is called
218po deposition is exactly inherent unit area body of wall of unit interval, ground or roof deposition
218the activity of Po.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiency of prior art and provide one to utilize solid state nuclear track detector to measure
218method and the device of the long-time average deposition rate of Po.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: one utilizes solid state nuclear track detector to measure
218the method of the long-time average deposition rate of Po, its concrete measuring method is as follows:
A, measuring process:
The bottom of measurement mechanism casing is fixed on metope indoor in measurement environment or ground or ceiling top, in the casing of measurement mechanism, be provided with three solid state nuclear track detectors, three solid state nuclear track detectors are respectively the first solid state nuclear track detector, the second solid state nuclear track detector and the 3rd solid state nuclear track detector, and the surface area of the first solid state nuclear track detector is S
1, the surface area of the second solid state nuclear track detector is S
2, the surface area of the 3rd solid state nuclear track detector is S
3, and meet: S
1≤ S
2≤ S
3.
It is D that the surface coverage of the second solid state nuclear track detector has thickness
1primary diaphragm, the surface configuration of primary diaphragm is the same with the surface configuration of the second solid state nuclear track detector.It is D that the surface coverage of the 3rd solid state nuclear track detector has thickness
2secondary diaphragm, the surface configuration of secondary diaphragm is the same with the surface configuration of the 3rd solid state nuclear track detector.The thickness D of primary diaphragm
1be less than the thickness D of secondary diaphragm
2, primary diaphragm can stop
222rn daughter
218the ɑ particle of the 6MeV that Po decay produces is got on the second solid state nuclear track detector, and secondary diaphragm can stop
222rn daughter
218po and
214the 6MeV that Po decay produces and the ɑ particle of 7.69MeV are got on the 3rd solid state nuclear track detector.
The surface of the first solid state nuclear track detector does not cover diaphragm,
220rn daughter
212the ɑ particle of the 8.78MeV that Po decay produces can be got on first, second, third solid state nuclear track detector.
Measuring Time is T, and the value of T requires as a couple of days was by hundreds of days according to measuring.
B, computation process:
Random time t in measuring process, on solid state nuclear track detector, unit area deposits
222being changed to of Rn daughter activity:
(1)
(2)
(3)
（4）
In formula:
,
,
,
be respectively
218po,
214pb,
214bi,
214the activity of Po on solid state nuclear track detector;
,
,
be
218po,
214pb,
214the deposition of Pb;
,
,
be
218po,
214pb,
214the disintegration constant of Bi.
Because the high frame of casing in measurement mechanism has stopped what chamber internal surface was directly separated out
220rn and short life daughter arrive the surface of solid core detector, only consider its long-life daughter.On solid state nuclear track detector, unit area deposits
220rn long-life daughter
212pb,
212bi,
212the variation of Po activity is respectively:
,
,
.
After measuring process completes, take off immediately the first solid state nuclear track detector, the second solid state nuclear track detector and the 3rd solid state nuclear track detector, and it is carried out to chemical etching, read respectively the nuclear track number on the first solid state nuclear track detector, the second solid state nuclear track detector and the 3rd solid state nuclear track detector.
ɑ particle track on the first solid state nuclear track detector is counted N
1for:
（5）
In formula
,
,
,
represent respectively the first solid state nuclear track detector pair
218po,
214po,
212bi,
212the detection efficiency of the ɑ decay of Po, wherein due to
218po,
212the ɑ particle energy that Bi decay produces is close, and its detection efficiency is also identical.
ɑ particle track on the second solid state nuclear track detector is counted N
2for:
（6）
In formula
,
represent respectively the second solid state nuclear track detector pair
214po,
212the detection efficiency of the ɑ decay of Po.
ɑ particle track on the 3rd solid state nuclear track detector is counted N
3for:
（7）
In formula
represent the 3rd solid state nuclear track detector pair
212the detection efficiency of the ɑ decay of Po.
According to
220rn decay chain also can obtain:
（8）
Can be obtained by formula (5), (6), (7), (8):
（9）
Just can be solved by formula (9)
, more just can be back-calculated to obtain by formula (1)
218the long-time average deposition rate of Po.
The measurement mechanism that said method adopts comprises casing, and casing is the container of a lower end closed, upper end open, and the inner chamber height h of casing is 2～8cm.On the base plate of casing, be provided with the first solid state nuclear track detector, the second solid state nuclear track detector and the 3rd solid state nuclear track detector, the first solid state nuclear track detector, the second solid state nuclear track detector and the 3rd solid state nuclear track detector are attached on the base plate of casing by the mode of bonding respectively.The surface area of the first solid state nuclear track detector is S
1, the surface area of the second solid state nuclear track detector is S
2, the surface area of the 3rd solid state nuclear track detector is S
3, and meet: S
1≤ S
2≤ S
3.It is D that the surface coverage of the second solid state nuclear track detector has thickness
1primary diaphragm, the surface configuration of primary diaphragm is the same with the surface configuration of the second solid state nuclear track detector.It is D that the surface coverage of the 3rd solid state nuclear track detector has thickness
2secondary diaphragm, the surface configuration of secondary diaphragm is the same with the surface configuration of the 3rd solid state nuclear track detector.The thickness D of primary diaphragm
1be less than the thickness D of secondary diaphragm
2.
The present invention compared with prior art has following features:
Measurement mechanism provided by the invention, measuring process and computing method are simple, can measure
218the long-time average deposition rate of Po.
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, detailed structure of the present invention is further described.
Brief description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 2 is the A-A cut-open view in accompanying drawing 1.
Embodiment
One utilizes solid state nuclear track detector to measure
218the method of the long-time average deposition rate of Po, its concrete measuring method is as follows:
A, measuring process:
The bottom of measurement mechanism casing 1 is fixed on metope indoor in measurement environment or ground or ceiling top, in the casing 1 of measurement mechanism, be provided with three solid state nuclear track detectors, the surface area that three solid state nuclear track detectors are respectively the first solid state nuclear track detector 2, the second solid state nuclear track detector 3 and the 3rd solid state nuclear track detector 5, the first solid state nuclear track detectors 2 is S
1, the surface area of the second solid state nuclear track detector 3 is S
2, the surface area of the 3rd solid state nuclear track detector 5 is S
3, and meet: S
1≤ S
2≤ S
3.
It is D that the surface coverage of the second solid state nuclear track detector 3 has thickness
1primary diaphragm 4, the surface configuration of primary diaphragm 4 is the same with the surface configuration of the second solid state nuclear track detector 3.It is D that the surface coverage of the 3rd solid state nuclear track detector 5 has thickness
2secondary diaphragm 6, the surface configuration of secondary diaphragm 6 is the same with the surface configuration of the 3rd solid state nuclear track detector 5.The thickness D of primary diaphragm 4
1be less than the thickness D of secondary diaphragm 6
2, primary diaphragm 4 can stop
222rn daughter
218the ɑ particle of the 6MeV that Po decay produces is got on the second solid state nuclear track detector 3, and secondary diaphragm 6 can stop
222rn daughter
218po and
214the 6MeV that Po decay produces and the ɑ particle of 7.69MeV are got on the 3rd solid state nuclear track detector 5.
The surface of the first solid state nuclear track detector 2 does not cover diaphragm,
220rn daughter
212the ɑ particle of the 8.78MeV that Po decay produces can be got on the first solid state nuclear track detector 2, the second solid state nuclear track detector 3, the 3rd solid state nuclear track detector 5.
Measuring Time is T, and the value of T requires as a couple of days was by hundreds of days according to measuring.
B, computation process:
Random time t in measuring process, on solid state nuclear track detector, unit area deposits
222being changed to of Rn daughter activity:
(1)
(2)
(3)
（4）
In formula:
,
,
,
be respectively
218po,
214pb,
214bi,
214the activity of Po on solid state nuclear track detector;
,
,
be
218po,
214pb,
214the deposition of Pb;
,
,
be
218po,
214pb,
214the disintegration constant of Bi.
Because the high frame of casing in measurement mechanism 1 has stopped what chamber internal surface was directly separated out
220rn and short life daughter arrive the surface of solid core detector, only consider its long-life daughter.On solid state nuclear track detector, unit area deposits
220rn long-life daughter
212pb,
212bi,
212the variation of Po activity is respectively:
,
,
.
After measuring process completes, take off immediately the first solid state nuclear track detector 2, the second solid state nuclear track detector 3 and the 3rd solid state nuclear track detector 5, and it is carried out to chemical etching, read respectively the nuclear track number on the first solid state nuclear track detector 2, the second solid state nuclear track detector 3 and the 3rd solid state nuclear track detector 5.
ɑ particle track on the first solid state nuclear track detector 2 is counted N
1for:
（5）
In formula
,
,
,
represent that respectively the first solid state nuclear track detector 2 is right
218po,
214po,
212bi,
212the detection efficiency of the ɑ decay of Po, wherein due to
218po,
212the ɑ particle energy that Bi decay produces is close, and its detection efficiency is also identical.
ɑ particle track on the second solid state nuclear track detector 3 is counted N
2for:
（6）
In formula
,
represent that respectively the second solid state nuclear track detector 3 is right
214po,
212the detection efficiency of the ɑ decay of Po.
ɑ particle track on the 3rd solid state nuclear track detector 5 is counted N
3for:
（7）
In formula
represent that the 3rd solid state nuclear track detector 5 is right
212the detection efficiency of the ɑ decay of Po.
According to
220rn decay chain also can obtain:
（8）
Can be obtained by formula (5), (6), (7), (8):
（9）
Just can be solved by formula (9)
, more just can be back-calculated to obtain by formula (1)
218the long-time average deposition rate of Po.
The measurement mechanism that said method adopts comprises casing 1, and casing 1 is the container of a lower end closed, upper end open, and the inner chamber height h of casing 1 is 2～8cm.On the base plate of casing 1, being provided with the first solid state nuclear track detector 2, the second solid state nuclear track detector 3 and the 3rd solid state nuclear track detector 5, the first solid state nuclear track detectors 2, the second solid state nuclear track detector 3 and the 3rd solid state nuclear track detector 5 is attached on the base plate of casing 1 by the mode of bonding respectively.The surface area of the first solid state nuclear track detector 2 is S
1, the surface area of the second solid state nuclear track detector 3 is S
2, the surface area of the 3rd solid state nuclear track detector 5 is S
3, and meet: S
1≤ S
2≤ S
3.It is D that the surface coverage of the second solid state nuclear track detector 3 has thickness
1primary diaphragm 4, the surface configuration of primary diaphragm 4 is the same with the surface configuration of the second solid state nuclear track detector 3.It is D that the surface coverage of the 3rd solid state nuclear track detector 5 has thickness
2secondary diaphragm 6, the surface configuration of secondary diaphragm 6 is the same with the surface configuration of the 3rd solid state nuclear track detector 5.The thickness D of primary diaphragm 4
1be less than the thickness D of secondary diaphragm 6
2.
Claims (6)
1. one kind is utilized solid state nuclear track detector to measure
218the method of the long-time average deposition rate of Po, is characterized in that: its concrete measuring method is as follows:
A, measuring process:
The bottom of measurement mechanism casing is fixed on metope indoor in measurement environment or ground or ceiling top, in the casing of measurement mechanism, be provided with three solid state nuclear track detectors, three solid state nuclear track detectors are respectively the first solid state nuclear track detector, the second solid state nuclear track detector and the 3rd solid state nuclear track detector, and the surface area of the first solid state nuclear track detector is S
1, the surface area of the second solid state nuclear track detector is S
2, the surface area of the 3rd solid state nuclear track detector is S
3, and meet: S
1≤ S
2≤ S
3;
It is D that the surface coverage of the second solid state nuclear track detector has thickness
1primary diaphragm, the surface configuration of primary diaphragm is the same with the surface configuration of the second solid state nuclear track detector, and it is D that the surface coverage of the 3rd solid state nuclear track detector has thickness
2secondary diaphragm, the surface configuration of secondary diaphragm is the same with the surface configuration of the 3rd solid state nuclear track detector, the thickness D of primary diaphragm
1be less than the thickness D of secondary diaphragm
2, primary diaphragm can stop
222rn daughter
218the ɑ particle of the 6MeV that Po decay produces is got on the second solid state nuclear track detector, and secondary diaphragm can stop
222rn daughter
218po and
214the 6MeV that Po decay produces and the ɑ particle of 7.69MeV are got on the 3rd solid state nuclear track detector;
The surface of the first solid state nuclear track detector does not cover diaphragm,
220rn daughter
212the ɑ particle of the 8.78MeV that Po decay produces can be got on first, second, third solid state nuclear track detector;
Measuring Time is T, and the value of T requires as a couple of days was by hundreds of days according to measuring;
B, computation process:
Random time t in measuring process, on solid state nuclear track detector, unit area deposits
222being changed to of Rn daughter activity:
(1)
(2)
(3)
（4）
In formula:
,
,
,
be respectively
218po,
214pb,
214bi,
214the activity of Po on solid state nuclear track detector;
,
,
be
218po,
214pb,
214the deposition of Pb;
,
,
be
218po,
214pb,
214the disintegration constant of Bi;
Because the high frame of casing in measurement mechanism has stopped what chamber internal surface was directly separated out
220rn and short life daughter arrive the surface of solid core detector, only consider its long-life daughter, unit area deposition on solid state nuclear track detector
220rn long-life daughter
212pb,
212bi,
212the variation of Po activity is respectively:
,
,
;
After measuring process completes, take off immediately the first solid state nuclear track detector, the second solid state nuclear track detector and the 3rd solid state nuclear track detector, and it is carried out to chemical etching, read respectively the nuclear track number on the first solid state nuclear track detector, the second solid state nuclear track detector and the 3rd solid state nuclear track detector;
ɑ particle track on the first solid state nuclear track detector is counted N
1for:
（5）
In formula
,
,
,
represent respectively the first solid state nuclear track detector pair
218po,
214po,
212bi,
212the detection efficiency of the ɑ decay of Po, wherein due to
218po,
212the ɑ particle energy that Bi decay produces is close, and its detection efficiency is also identical;
ɑ particle track on the second solid state nuclear track detector is counted N
2for:
（6）
In formula
,
represent respectively the second solid state nuclear track detector pair
214po,
212the detection efficiency of the ɑ decay of Po;
ɑ particle track on the 3rd solid state nuclear track detector is counted N
3for:
（7）
In formula
represent the 3rd solid state nuclear track detector pair
212the detection efficiency of the ɑ decay of Po;
According to
220rn decay chain also can obtain:
（8）
Can be obtained by formula (5), (6), (7), (8):
（9）
Just can be solved by formula (9)
, more just can be back-calculated to obtain by formula (1)
218the long-time average deposition rate of Po.
2. one according to claim 1 utilizes solid state nuclear track detector to measure
218the method of the long-time average deposition rate of Po, it is characterized in that: described measurement mechanism comprises casing, casing is the container of a lower end closed, upper end open, on the base plate of casing, be provided with the first solid state nuclear track detector, the second solid state nuclear track detector and the 3rd solid state nuclear track detector, the first solid state nuclear track detector, the second solid state nuclear track detector and the 3rd solid state nuclear track detector are attached on the base plate of casing by the mode of bonding respectively; It is D that the surface coverage of the second solid state nuclear track detector has thickness
1primary diaphragm, it is D that the surface coverage of the 3rd solid state nuclear track detector has thickness
2secondary diaphragm.
3. one according to claim 2 utilizes solid state nuclear track detector to measure
218the method of the long-time average deposition rate of Po, is characterized in that: the inner chamber height h of casing is 2～8cm.
4. utilize solid state nuclear track detector to measure according to the one described in claim 2 or 3
218the method of the long-time average deposition rate of Po, is characterized in that: the surface area of the first solid state nuclear track detector is S
1, the surface area of the second solid state nuclear track detector is S
2, the surface area of the 3rd solid state nuclear track detector is S
3, and meet: S
1≤ S
2≤ S
3.
5. utilize solid state nuclear track detector to measure according to the one described in claim 2 or 3
218the method of the long-time average deposition rate of Po, it is characterized in that: the surface configuration of primary diaphragm is the same with the surface configuration of the second solid state nuclear track detector, the surface configuration of secondary diaphragm is the same with the surface configuration of the 3rd solid state nuclear track detector, the thickness D of primary diaphragm
1be less than the thickness D of secondary diaphragm
2.
6. one according to claim 4 utilizes solid state nuclear track detector to measure
218the method of the long-time average deposition rate of Po, it is characterized in that: the surface configuration of primary diaphragm is the same with the surface configuration of the second solid state nuclear track detector, the surface configuration of secondary diaphragm is the same with the surface configuration of the 3rd solid state nuclear track detector, the thickness D of primary diaphragm
1be less than the thickness D of secondary diaphragm
2.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410373948.1A CN104122576B (en) | 2014-08-01 | 2014-08-01 | Solid state nuclear track detector is utilized to measure the method and device of 218Po long-time average deposition rate |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410373948.1A CN104122576B (en) | 2014-08-01 | 2014-08-01 | Solid state nuclear track detector is utilized to measure the method and device of 218Po long-time average deposition rate |
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| CN104122576B CN104122576B (en) | 2016-08-24 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107144871A (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2017-09-08 | 北京市化工职业病防治院 | Utilize the method for the track morphology of optical microscope inspection solid state nuclear track detector |
| CN109307881A (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-02-05 | 衡阳师范学院 | Measurement222Rn、220The device and method of temperature and humidity effect is eliminated when Rn mean concentration |
| WO2021238348A1 (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2021-12-02 | 北京市化工职业病防治院 | Radioactive radon and thoron daughter concentration measurement method based on solid state nuclear track |
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| CN102830418A (en) * | 2012-08-30 | 2012-12-19 | 衡阳师范学院 | Method for open-loop measurement of radon exhalation rate by utilizing total count of 218Po and 214Po |
| CN102830417A (en) * | 2012-08-30 | 2012-12-19 | 衡阳师范学院 | Method for closed-loop measurement of radon exhalation rate by utilizing total count of 218Po and 214Po |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107144871A (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2017-09-08 | 北京市化工职业病防治院 | Utilize the method for the track morphology of optical microscope inspection solid state nuclear track detector |
| CN107144871B (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2019-05-14 | 北京市化工职业病防治院 | Utilize the method for the track morphology of optical microscope inspection solid state nuclear track detector |
| CN109307881A (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-02-05 | 衡阳师范学院 | Measurement222Rn、220The device and method of temperature and humidity effect is eliminated when Rn mean concentration |
| CN109307881B (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2023-06-16 | 衡阳师范学院 | Measurement of 222 Rn、 220 Device and method for eliminating temperature and humidity effect during Rn average concentration |
| WO2021238348A1 (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2021-12-02 | 北京市化工职业病防治院 | Radioactive radon and thoron daughter concentration measurement method based on solid state nuclear track |
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|---|---|
| CN104122576B (en) | 2016-08-24 |
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