CN104120290A - Preparation method for silicon carbide enhanced type aluminum/copper-based composite material - Google Patents
Preparation method for silicon carbide enhanced type aluminum/copper-based composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN104120290A CN104120290A CN201410402028.8A CN201410402028A CN104120290A CN 104120290 A CN104120290 A CN 104120290A CN 201410402028 A CN201410402028 A CN 201410402028A CN 104120290 A CN104120290 A CN 104120290A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method for a silicon carbide enhanced type aluminum/copper-based composite material. Preparation materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of matrix alloys, 8-10 parts of enhanced particles and 0.05-0.08 part of a refining agent, wherein the matrix alloys select 80-85 parts of cast aluminum alloys ZAlSi8MgBe and 15-20 parts of copper alloys Cu30Ni15Mn; the enhanced particles are one or a combination of two of silicon carbide and tetrapod-like zinc oxide crystal whisker; particle dimension of the silicon carbide is 40-50 mu m; length of the tetrapod-like zinc oxide crystal whisker is 10-12 mu mm and root diameter of the tetrapod-like zinc oxide crystal whisker is 1-1.5 mu m; and the refining agent consists of mixed rear earths which consist of yttrium, berkelium and lanthanum. The aluminum copper-based composite material prepared by the preparation method disclosed by the invention is light in weight, high in specific strength and specific rigidity, low in coefficient of thermal expansion, has good thermal conductivity and wear resistance, is easier to prepare and low in cost; moreover, a reinforced phase is dispersed and distributed in a matrix, and has isotropy, so that the aluminum/copper-based composite material is applicable to various complex stress states.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to automobile brake disc new material technology field, be specifically related to a kind of preparation method of SiC reinforcement type aluminum bronze based composites.
Background technology
Brake flange is the important component part of brake system of car, and the quality of its braking ability is directly connected to the driving safety of vehicle.Now widely used cast iron brake flange makes its surface temperature up to 600 ℃ because of drag friction heating, and its working-surface temperature is very high and thermograde is large, easily form focus and produce hot tearing, and the wear resistance of cast iron brake flange is poor.In industry, attempt at present replacing cast iron materials Cast brake disc with aluminium alloy, although its lightweight, good heat conductivity, its intensity and hardness are lower, have hindered its application on brake flange; At present part Chinese patent discloses by adding in cast aluminium alloy and has strengthened particle such as silicon carbide improves the mechanical property of aluminum matrix composite, but silicon carbide is as nonmetallic compound, the matrix alloy of melting is not moistening for strengthening particle, and wild phase particle easily and surface reaction easily occurs between matrix alloy, such as silicon carbide and alloy matrix aluminum nonwetting mutually, and silicon carbide is unstable in aluminum alloy melt, to, in aluminium alloy generation chemical reaction, at interface, generate unsettled compd A l
4c
3; Because interface is matrix material and important integral part thereof, the combination degree at interface (being consistency) has largely determined the character of matrix material.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of preparation method of SiC reinforcement type aluminum bronze based composites, it is as the material of brake flange, can solve existing cast iron brake flange Heavy Weight, poor thermal conductivity, wear no resistance, the easy defect such as hot tearing, can solve existing aluminum matrix composite simultaneously and because interface compatibility is poor, cause also not satisfactory defect of performance.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: raw materials comprises that 100 weight part matrix alloies, 8-10 weight part strengthen the refining agent of particle and 0.05-0.08 weight part, described matrix alloy is selected the cast aluminium alloy ZAlSi8MgBe of 80-85 weight part and the copper alloy Cu30Ni15Mn of 15-20 weight part, and described enhancing particle is silicon carbide or four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker; The grain graininess of described silicon carbide is 40-50 μ m, and described four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker is that length is that 10-12 μ m, base diameter are the four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker of 1-1.5 μ m; Described refining agent is mishmetal, and mishmetal is comprised of yttrium, berkelium and lanthanum, and three's mass ratio is 1:(0.20-0.22): (0.30-0.32), concrete preparation process is as follows:
(1), in cast aluminium alloy ZAlSi8MgBe, add mishmetal, mix post-heating to 750-800 ℃ of fusing and obtain aluminium base matrix alloy liquation;
(2), in copper alloy Cu30Ni15Mn, add enhancing particle, be mixed and heated to the 1050-1100 ℃ of particle copper base matrix alloy wetting liquid that is enhanced that stirs;
(3), carbonization copper silicon base matrix alloy wetting liquid that step (2) is made joins the aluminium base matrix alloy liquation in step (1), temperature control 1150-1200 ℃ and stir 1-1.5 hour under nitrogen protection; Then resin bonded sand mould casting obtains matrix material;
(4), by matrix material at 550-580 ℃ of solution treated 6-8 hour, quench, then at the 350-400 ℃ of ageing treatment 12-14 hour type aluminum bronze based composites that is enhanced.
Above-mentioned steps is more preferably: described enhancing particle is the combination of silicon carbide and four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker, and the two mass ratio is (1-2): 1.
First the present invention uses Cu30Ni15Mn fused solution moistening (facts have proved that silicon carbide, four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker the two and Cu30Ni15Mn fused solution all can be fully wetting) by strengthening ion, thereby improves the interface combination degree that strengthens particle and main body alloy matrix aluminum material; Strengthen the reductor that particulate carbon SiClx can be used as casting, and due to stable chemical performance, thermal conductivity is high, wear resisting property good, as the over-all properties that strengthens particle and can improve material; The three-dimensional crystalline structure that strengthens particle four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker is dispersed in matrix and can plays skeleton function, unique three-D space structure makes the gripping power of itself and matrix larger, reinforced effects is more remarkable, tensile strength is obviously increased, and horizontal and vertical tensile strength numerical value is basic identical, isotropically strengthen the mechanical property of body material, improve significantly matrix strength and processing characteristics; Nickel in copper-based material can improve acid-alkali-corrosive-resisting, high temperature corrosion and the welding property of copper pipe, in addition nickel can also be used as metallurgical industry " VITAMIN ", easy sulphur, nitrogen, the direct chemical combination of oxygen under high temperature, with there is deoxidation, denitrogenate, the effect of desulfuration, reduce the content of oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur in matrix material; Rare earth metal yttrium, berkelium and lanthanum play deoxidization desulfuration effect in casting, can make both content all be reduced to below 0.001%, and change the state of inclusion, crystal grain thinning, thereby improve the processing characteristics of alloy material, improve intensity, toughness, corrosion-resistant and oxidation-resistance etc.Facts have proved in a word, aluminum bronze based composites prepared by the present invention is lightweight, specific tenacity specific rigidity is high, thermal expansivity is low, there is good thermal conductivity and wear-resistant wear resistance, and preparation than being easier to, cost is low and wild phase disperse distribution in matrix, interface in conjunction with well and there is isotropy, be applicable to various complex stress conditions.
Embodiment
Below by specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method of SiC reinforcement type aluminum bronze based composites, raw materials comprises 100 weight part matrix alloies, 8-10 weight part strengthens the refining agent of particle and 0.05-0.08 weight part, matrix alloy is selected each element mass percent in the cast aluminium alloy ZAlSi8MgBe of 80-85 weight part and the copper alloy Cu30Ni15Mn(Cu30Ni15Mn of 15-20 weight part, Ni30.25, Mn15.14, Fe0.32, surplus is Cu, embodiment 2 and 3 is identical), enhancing particle is silicon carbide, its particle size is 40-50 μ m, refining agent is mishmetal, mishmetal is by yttrium, berkelium and lanthanum form, three's mass ratio is 1:(0.20-0.22): (0.30-0.32), concrete preparation process is as follows:
(1), in cast aluminium alloy ZAlSi8MgBe, add mishmetal, mix post-heating to 750-800 ℃ of fusing and obtain aluminium base matrix alloy liquation;
(2), in copper alloy Cu30Ni15Mn, add enhancing particle, being mixed and heated to 1050-1100 ℃ stirs and obtains carbonization copper silicon base matrix alloy wetting liquid;
(3), carbonization copper silicon base matrix alloy wetting liquid that step (2) is made joins the aluminium base matrix alloy liquation in step (1), temperature control 1150-1200 ℃ and stir 1-1.5 hour under nitrogen protection; Then resin bonded sand mould casting obtains matrix material;
(4), by matrix material at 550-580 ℃ of solution treated 6-8 hour, quench, then at the 350-400 ℃ of ageing treatment 10-12 hour type aluminum bronze based composites that is enhanced.
Embodiment 2
A kind of preparation method of SiC reinforcement type aluminum bronze based composites, raw materials comprises that 100 weight part matrix alloies, 8-10 weight part strengthen the refining agent of particle and 0.05-0.08 weight part, matrix alloy is selected the cast aluminium alloy ZAlSi8MgBe of 80-85 weight part and the copper alloy Cu30Ni15Mn of 15-20 weight part, strengthen particle four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker, it is that 10-12 μ m, base diameter are the four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker of 1-1.5 μ m that four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker is preferably length; Refining agent is mishmetal, and mishmetal is comprised of yttrium, berkelium and lanthanum, and three's mass ratio is 1:(0.20-0.22): (0.30-0.32), concrete preparation process is as follows:
(1), in cast aluminium alloy ZAlSi8MgBe, add mishmetal, mix post-heating to 750-800 ℃ of fusing and obtain aluminium base matrix alloy liquation;
(2), in copper alloy Cu30Ni15Mn, add enhancing particle, being mixed and heated to 1050-1100 ℃ stirs and obtains ZnOw copper base matrix alloy wetting liquid;
(3), ZnOw copper base matrix alloy wetting liquid that step (2) is made joins the aluminium base matrix alloy liquation in step (1), temperature control 1150-1200 ℃ and stir 1-1.5 hour under nitrogen protection; Then resin bonded sand mould casting obtains matrix material;
(4), by matrix material at 550-580 ℃ of solution treated 6-8 hour, quench, then at the 350-400 ℃ of ageing treatment 10-12 hour type aluminum bronze based composites that is enhanced.
Embodiment 3
A kind of preparation method of SiC reinforcement type aluminum bronze based composites, raw materials comprises that 100 weight part matrix alloies, 8-10 weight part strengthen the refining agent of particle and 0.05-0.08 weight part, matrix alloy is selected the cast aluminium alloy ZAlSi8MgBe of 80-85 weight part and the copper alloy Cu30Ni15Mn of 15-20 weight part, and enhancing particle is that silicon carbide, four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker are (1-2) according to mass ratio: 1 combination; The particle size of silicon carbide is 40-50 μ m, and four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker is that length is that 10-12 μ m, base diameter are the four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker of 1-1.5 μ m; Refining agent is mishmetal, and mishmetal is comprised of yttrium, berkelium and lanthanum, and three's mass ratio is 1:(0.20-0.22): (0.30-0.32), concrete preparation process is as follows:
(1), in cast aluminium alloy ZAlSi8MgBe, add mishmetal, mix post-heating to 750-800 ℃ of fusing and obtain aluminium base matrix alloy liquation;
(2), in copper alloy Cu30Ni15Mn, add enhancing particle, being mixed and heated to 1050-1100 ℃ stirs and obtains silicon carbide and ZnOw copper base matrix alloy wetting liquid;
(3), silicon carbide and ZnOw copper base matrix alloy wetting liquid that step (2) is made join the aluminium base matrix alloy liquation in step (1), temperature control 1150-1200 ℃ and stir 1-1.5 hour under nitrogen protection; Then resin bonded sand mould casting obtains matrix material;
(4), by matrix material at 550-580 ℃ of solution treated 6-8 hour, quench, then at the 350-400 ℃ of ageing treatment 10-12 hour type aluminum bronze based composites that is enhanced.
Matrix material sampling analysis prepared by embodiment 1-3, observe to find that by scanning electron microscope (SEM) matrix alloy is combined well with the interface that strengthens ion, even observation under 1000 times, interface combination very tight, obvious defect does not occur.Composite material tensile strength and the yield strength average energy through overtesting detection embodiment 1-3, prepared reach 650-750MPa, hardness average out to 260-280 (5/250/30) HBS, than ZAlSi8MgBe, intensity improves more than 70%, and hardness improves more than 160%; Even compare with the aluminum matrix composite of existing SiC reinforcement, intensity, hardness improve also all more than 40%.And matrix material weight alleviates 30-40% compared with cast iron, 100-300 ℃ of thermal conductivity, be approximately 170-180W/ (m.k), be about 5 times of cast iron (HT250), to compare with cast iron, thermal conductivity improves greatly; And under brake operating mode rub(bing)test condition, matrix material is lower than cast iron materials friction surface temperature, stable friction factor; Bench testing shows, under at a high speed frequent braking condition, with respect to cast iron brake flange, composite material brake disc has larger braking moment and higher brake stability, can obviously improve braking.
Claims (2)
1. the preparation method of a SiC reinforcement type aluminum bronze based composites, it is characterized in that, raw materials comprises that 100 weight part matrix alloies, 8-10 weight part strengthen the refining agent of particle and 0.05-0.08 weight part, described matrix alloy is selected the cast aluminium alloy ZAlSi8MgBe of 80-85 weight part and the copper alloy Cu30Ni15Mn of 15-20 weight part, and described enhancing particle is silicon carbide or four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker; The grain graininess of described silicon carbide is 40-50 μ m, and described four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker is that length is that 10-12 μ m, base diameter are the four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker of 1-1.5 μ m; Described refining agent is mishmetal, and mishmetal is comprised of yttrium, berkelium and lanthanum, and three's mass ratio is 1:(0.20-0.22): (0.30-0.32), concrete preparation process is as follows:
(1), in cast aluminium alloy ZAlSi8MgBe, add mishmetal, mix post-heating to 750-800 ℃ of fusing and obtain aluminium base matrix alloy liquation;
(2), in copper alloy Cu30Ni15Mn, add enhancing particle, be mixed and heated to the 1050-1100 ℃ of particle copper base matrix alloy wetting liquid that is enhanced that stirs;
(3), carbonization copper silicon base matrix alloy wetting liquid that step (2) is made joins the aluminium base matrix alloy liquation in step (1), temperature control 1150-1200 ℃ and stir 1-1.5 hour under nitrogen protection; Then resin bonded sand mould casting obtains matrix material;
(4), by matrix material at 550-580 ℃ of solution treated 6-8 hour, quench, then at the 350-400 ℃ of ageing treatment 12-14 hour type aluminum bronze based composites that is enhanced.
2. the preparation method of SiC reinforcement type aluminum bronze based composites according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described enhancing particle is the combination of silicon carbide and four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker, and the two mass ratio is (1-2): 1.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105734360A (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2016-07-06 | 山东正凯机械科技有限公司 | Preparation method of Si-Al alloy material for automobile brake disc |
| CN105927024A (en) * | 2016-05-06 | 2016-09-07 | 国网山东省电力公司滨州市滨城区供电公司 | Low-voltage network electric pole |
| CN106637003A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2017-05-10 | 安徽景昌铝业有限公司 | Toughening treatment method of aluminum profile |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102557392A (en) * | 2012-03-06 | 2012-07-11 | 常熟市精工模具制造有限公司 | Copper alloy die with inner cavity embedded with boron-nickel alloy |
| CN102732745A (en) * | 2012-07-12 | 2012-10-17 | 常熟市精工模具制造有限公司 | High-Ni-Cu alloy glass mold and method for manufacturing same |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102557392A (en) * | 2012-03-06 | 2012-07-11 | 常熟市精工模具制造有限公司 | Copper alloy die with inner cavity embedded with boron-nickel alloy |
| CN102732745A (en) * | 2012-07-12 | 2012-10-17 | 常熟市精工模具制造有限公司 | High-Ni-Cu alloy glass mold and method for manufacturing same |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105734360A (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2016-07-06 | 山东正凯机械科技有限公司 | Preparation method of Si-Al alloy material for automobile brake disc |
| CN105927024A (en) * | 2016-05-06 | 2016-09-07 | 国网山东省电力公司滨州市滨城区供电公司 | Low-voltage network electric pole |
| CN106637003A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2017-05-10 | 安徽景昌铝业有限公司 | Toughening treatment method of aluminum profile |
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