CN104131186B - Strengthen the preparation method of the aluminum matrix composite of particle-compatible process in copper alloy interface - Google Patents

Strengthen the preparation method of the aluminum matrix composite of particle-compatible process in copper alloy interface Download PDF

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CN104131186B
CN104131186B CN201410402628.4A CN201410402628A CN104131186B CN 104131186 B CN104131186 B CN 104131186B CN 201410402628 A CN201410402628 A CN 201410402628A CN 104131186 B CN104131186 B CN 104131186B
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求才军
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Forpers (Tianjin) science and Technology Co., Ltd.
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YINCHUAN BOJU INDUSTRIAL PRODUCT DESIGN Co Ltd
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Abstract

A kind of preparation method strengthening the aluminum matrix composite of particle-compatible process in copper alloy interface, raw materials comprises 100 weight parts matrix alloys, 8-10 weight part strengthens the refining agent of particle and 0.05-0.08 weight part, do the cast aluminium alloy Z of 75-80 weight part selected by described matrix alloy? AlSi8MgBe, the copper alloy Cu20Ni20Mn of 15-20 weight part and the copper alloy Cu20Ni35Mn of 5-8 weight part, described enhancing particle is wolfram varbide, four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker, the combination of silicon carbide and nano titanium oxide, four kinds of weight ratios strengthening particle are (4-4.5): (3-3.5): (1-1.5): (2-2.5), Al-Cu based composite prepared by the present invention is lightweight, specific tenacity specific rigidity is high, thermal expansivity is low, there is good thermal conductivity and wear-resistant wear resistance, and preparation is than being easier to, low and the wild phase of cost Dispersed precipitate and there is isotropy in matrix, be applicable to various complex stress condition.

Description

Strengthen the preparation method of the aluminum matrix composite of particle-compatible process in copper alloy interface
Technical field
The present invention relates to new material technology field, be specifically related to the preparation method of the aluminum matrix composite of a kind of enhancing for brake flange particle-compatible process in copper alloy interface.
Background technology
Brake flange is the important component part of brake system of car, and the quality of its braking ability is directly connected to the driving safety of vehicle.Now widely used cast iron brake flange makes its surface temperature up to 600 DEG C because of drag friction heating, and its working surface temperature is very high and thermograde large, easily forms focus and produces hot tearing, and the wear resistance of cast iron brake flange is poor.In current industry, trial aluminium alloy replaces cast iron materials Cast brake disc, although its lightweight, good heat conductivity, its intensity and hardness lower, hinder its application on brake flange; Current part Chinese patent discloses and strengthens by adding in cast aluminium alloy the mechanical property that particle such as silicon carbide improves aluminum matrix composite, but silicon carbide is as nonmetallic compound, the matrix alloy of melting is not moistening for enhancing particle, and easily and between matrix alloy easily there is surface reaction in wild phase particle, such as silicon carbide and alloy matrix aluminum are nonwetting mutually, and silicon carbide is unstable in aluminum alloy melt, will in aluminium alloy generation chemical reaction, at the compd A l of Interface debond instability 4c 3; Because interface is matrix material and important integral part thereof, the combination degree (i.e. consistency) at interface largely determines the character of matrix material.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of preparation method strengthening the aluminum matrix composite of particle-compatible process in copper alloy interface, it is as the material of brake flange, existing cast iron brake flange Heavy Weight, poor thermal conductivity can be solved, wear no resistance, the easy defect such as hot tearing, existing aluminum matrix composite causes performance also not satisfactory defect because interface compatibility is poor can be solved simultaneously.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: raw materials comprises 100 weight parts matrix alloys, 8-10 weight part strengthens the refining agent of particle and 0.05-0.08 weight part, the cast aluminium alloy ZAlSi8MgBe of 75-80 weight part selected by described matrix alloy, the copper alloy Cu20Ni20Mn of 15-20 weight part and the copper alloy Cu20Ni35Mn of 5-8 weight part, described enhancing particle is wolfram varbide, four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker, the combination of silicon carbide and nano titanium oxide, four kinds of weight ratios strengthening particle are (4-4.5): (3-3.5): (1-1.5): (2-2.5), described refining agent is mishmetal, and mishmetal is made up of yttrium, berkelium and lanthanum, and the mass ratio of three is 1:(0.20-0.22): (0.30-0.32), concrete preparation process is as follows:
(1), in cast aluminium alloy ZAlSi8MgBe add mishmetal, mixing post-heating obtains aluminum-based matrix alloy liquation to 750-800 DEG C of fusing;
(2), in copper alloy Cu20Ni20Mn add enhancing particle: four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker and wolfram varbide, be mixed and heated to 1050-1100 DEG C and stir and obtain wolfram varbide-ZnOw copper base matrix alloy wetting liquid;
(3), in copper alloy Cu20Ni35Mn add enhancing particle: silicon carbide and nano titanium oxide, be mixed and heated to 980-1000 DEG C and stir and obtain silicon carbide-nanometer titanium dioxide titanium copper base matrix alloy wetting liquid;
(4), by the copper base matrix alloy wetting liquid that step (2), (3) are obtained respectively join the aluminum-based matrix alloy liquation in step (1), temperature control 1150-1200 DEG C is also stirred 1-1.5 hour under nitrogen protection; Then resin bonded sand mould casting obtains matrix material;
(5), by matrix material at 600-650 DEG C of solution treated 6-8 hour, quenching, then at the 350-400 DEG C of type Al-Cu based composite that is enhanced for ageing treatment 10-12 hour.
Above-mentioned steps is more preferably: the particle diameter of described silicon carbide is 10-12 μm, the particle size of described wolfram varbide is 50-60 μm, the four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker that described four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker is length is 10-12 μm, base diameter is 1-1.5 μm, described nano titanium oxide particle diameter is 40-50nm.
By being used first respectively by enhancing ion, Cu20Ni20Mn and Cu20Ni35Mn fused solution is moistening (facts have proved that wolfram varbide, both four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whiskers and Cu20Ni20Mn fused solution all can be fully wetting in the present invention, silicon carbide, both nano titanium oxides can be fully wetting with Cu20Ni35Mn), thus improve the interface cohesion degree strengthening ion and main body alloy matrix aluminum material; Simultaneously because wolfram varbide has good hardness, chemical stability and thermal conductivity, therefore add the mechanical properties such as the hardness that can improve matrix material in matrix material to as enhancing particle; The crystalline structure dispersion strengthening the solid of particle four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker can play skeleton function in the base, unique three-D space structure makes the gripping power of itself and matrix larger, reinforced effects is more remarkable, tensile strength is obviously increased, and horizontal and vertical tensile strength numerical value is substantially identical, isotropically strengthen the mechanical property of body material, improve matrix strength and processing characteristics significantly; By adding SiC at matrix material, not only can improve matrix material thermostability, mechanical property and wear resistance, but also thermotolerance and the creep-resistant property of matrix material can be improved, and can thermal expansivity be reduced; Nano titanium oxide (TiO 2) there is distinctive nanometer size effect, large specific surface area, have stronger interfacial interaction, it can strengthen Ion Phase with other and be combined and fill, and plays synergy, TiO 2the supporting capacity of matrix material can be improved, make up other strengthen particle-filled less than barren district, thus improve the wear resisting property of matrix material.Nickel in copper-based material can improve the acid-alkali-corrosive-resisting of copper pipe, high temperature corrosion and welding property, in addition nickel can also be used as " VITAMIN " of metallurgical industry, easy sulphur, nitrogen, the direct chemical combination of oxygen under high temperature, with there is deoxidation, denitrogenate, the effect of desulfuration, reduce the content of oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur in matrix material; Rare earth metal yttrium, berkelium and lanthanum play deoxidization desulfuration effect in casting, both content can be made all to be reduced to less than 0.001%, and to change the state of inclusion, crystal grain thinning, thus improve the processing characteristics of alloy material, improve intensity, toughness, corrosion-resistant and oxidation-resistance etc.Facts have proved in a word, Al-Cu based composite prepared by the present invention is lightweight, specific tenacity specific rigidity is high, thermal expansivity is low, there is good thermal conductivity and wear-resistant wear resistance, and preparation than being easier to, the low and wild phase of cost Dispersed precipitate, interface cohesion in matrix well and have isotropy, be applicable to various complex stress condition.
Embodiment
Below by way of specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method strengthening the aluminum matrix composite of particle-compatible process in copper alloy interface, raw materials comprises 100 weight parts matrix alloys, 8-10 weight part strengthens the refining agent of particle and 0.05-0.08 weight part, cast aluminium alloy ZAlSi8MgBe(and ZL116 of 75-80 weight part selected by described matrix alloy, the massfraction of its each element is: Si=6.5-7.5%, Mg=0.35-0.55%, Ti=0.1-0.3%, Be=0.15 ~ 0.40, surplus is Al), the copper alloy Cu20Ni20Mn(of 15-20 weight part forms: nickel 19.85%, manganese 19.69%, iron 0.29%, surplus is copper) and the copper alloy Cu20Ni35Mn(of 5-8 weight part form: nickel 19.85%, manganese 34.94%, iron 0.34%, surplus is copper), enhancing particle is wolfram varbide, four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker, the combination of silicon carbide and nano titanium oxide, four kinds of weight ratios strengthening particle are (4-4.5): (3-3.5): (1-1.5): (2-2.5), the particle diameter of silicon carbide is 10-12 μm, the particle size of wolfram varbide is 50-60 μm, four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker is length is 10-12 μm, base diameter is the four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker of 1-1.5 μm, nano titanium oxide particle diameter is 40-50nm, refining agent is mishmetal, and mishmetal is made up of yttrium, berkelium and lanthanum, and the mass ratio of three is 1:(0.20-0.22): (0.30-0.32), concrete preparation process is as follows:
(1), in cast aluminium alloy ZAlSi8MgBe add mishmetal, mixing post-heating obtains aluminum-based matrix alloy liquation to 750-800 DEG C of fusing;
(2), in copper alloy Cu20Ni20Mn add enhancing particle: four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker and wolfram varbide, be mixed and heated to 1050-1100 DEG C and stir and obtain wolfram varbide-ZnOw copper base matrix alloy wetting liquid;
(3), in copper alloy Cu20Ni35Mn add enhancing particle: silicon carbide and nano titanium oxide, be mixed and heated to 980-1000 DEG C and stir and obtain silicon carbide-nanometer titanium dioxide titanium copper base matrix alloy wetting liquid;
(4), by the copper base matrix alloy wetting liquid that step (2), (3) are obtained respectively join the aluminum-based matrix alloy liquation in step (1), temperature control 1150-1200 DEG C is also stirred 1-1.5 hour under nitrogen protection; Then resin bonded sand mould casting obtains matrix material;
(5), by matrix material at 600-650 DEG C of solution treated 6-8 hour, quenching, then at the 350-400 DEG C of type Al-Cu based composite that is enhanced for ageing treatment 10-12 hour.
The finished product that embodiment 1 is prepared and reinforced aluminium Cu-base composites sampling analysis, observe by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and find that matrix alloy is good with the interface cohesion strengthening ion, even if observe under 1000 times, closely, there is not obvious defect in interface cohesion.Through testing inspection embodiment 1 prepare composite material tensile strength and yield strength average energy reach 750-850MPa, hardness average out to 300-320 (5/250/30) HBS, compared to ZAlSi8MgBe, intensity improves more than 80%, and hardness improves more than 200%; Even if compared with the aluminum matrix composite of existing SiC reinforcement, intensity, hardness improve also all more than 50%.And composite weight comparatively cast iron alleviates 28-30%, be approximately 180-190W/ (m.k) 100-300 DEG C of thermal conductivity, be about 6 times of cast iron (HT250), compared with cast iron, thermal conductivity improves greatly; And under brake operating mode rub(bing)test condition, matrix material is lower than cast iron materials friction surface temperature, stable friction factor; Bench testing shows, under the frequent braking condition of high speed, relative to cast iron brake flange, composite material brake disc has larger braking moment and higher brake stability, can significantly improve braking.

Claims (2)

1. one kind strengthens the preparation method of the aluminum matrix composite of particle-compatible process in copper alloy interface, it is characterized in that, raw materials comprises 100 weight parts matrix alloys, 8-10 weight part strengthens the refining agent of particle and 0.05-0.08 weight part, the cast aluminium alloy ZAlSi8MgBe of 75-80 weight part selected by described matrix alloy, the copper alloy Cu20Ni20Mn of 15-20 weight part and the copper alloy Cu20Ni35Mn of 5-8 weight part, Cu20Ni20Mn forms: nickel 19.85%, manganese 19.69%, iron 0.29%, surplus is copper, copper alloy Cu20Ni35Mn forms: nickel 19.85%, manganese 34.94%, iron 0.34%, surplus is copper, described enhancing particle is the combination of wolfram varbide, four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker, silicon carbide and nano titanium oxide, and four kinds of weight ratios strengthening particle are (4-4.5): (3-3.5): (1-1.5): (2-2.5), described refining agent is mishmetal, and mishmetal is made up of yttrium, berkelium and lanthanum, and the mass ratio of three is 1:(0.20-0.22): (0.30-0.32), concrete preparation process is as follows:
(1), in cast aluminium alloy ZAlSi8MgBe add mishmetal, mixing post-heating obtains aluminum-based matrix alloy liquation to 750-800 DEG C of fusing;
(2), in copper alloy Cu20Ni20Mn add enhancing particle: four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker and wolfram varbide, be mixed and heated to 1050-1100 DEG C and stir and obtain wolfram varbide-ZnOw copper base matrix alloy wetting liquid;
(3), in copper alloy Cu20Ni35Mn add enhancing particle: silicon carbide and nano titanium oxide, be mixed and heated to 980-1000 DEG C and stir and obtain silicon carbide-nanometer titanium dioxide titanium copper base matrix alloy wetting liquid;
(4), by the copper base matrix alloy wetting liquid that step (2), (3) are obtained respectively join the aluminum-based matrix alloy liquation in step (1), temperature control 1150-1200 DEG C is also stirred 1-1.5 hour under nitrogen protection; Then resin bonded sand mould casting obtains matrix material;
(5), by matrix material at 600-650 DEG C of solution treatment 6-8 hour, quenching, then at the 350-400 DEG C of type Al-Cu based composite that is enhanced for ageing treatment 10-12 hour.
2. the preparation method of the aluminum matrix composite of enhancing particle according to claim 1-compatible process in copper alloy interface, it is characterized in that, the particle diameter of described silicon carbide is 10-12 μm, the particle size of described wolfram varbide is 50-60 μm, the four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker that described four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker is length is 10-12 μm, base diameter is 1-1.5 μm, described nano titanium oxide particle diameter is 40-50nm.
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CN105256176A (en) * 2015-10-20 2016-01-20 安徽天祥空调科技有限公司 High-strength dense light and thin aluminum alloy sheet for air conditioner radiator and manufacturing method for high-strength dense light and thin aluminum alloy sheet
CN105671463A (en) * 2016-02-01 2016-06-15 东莞品派实业投资有限公司 Tetrapod-shaped zinc oxide whisker reinforced aluminum alloy hub and preparing method thereof
CN105734360A (en) * 2016-03-31 2016-07-06 山东正凯机械科技有限公司 Preparation method of Si-Al alloy material for automobile brake disc
CN105882676A (en) * 2016-04-25 2016-08-24 邹平县供电公司 Ladder roll-over prevention device for overhead contact system
CN105927024A (en) * 2016-05-06 2016-09-07 国网山东省电力公司滨州市滨城区供电公司 Low-voltage network electric pole
CN106637003B (en) * 2016-12-23 2018-03-27 安徽景昌铝业有限公司 A kind of aluminium section bar tempering processing method
CN107400816B (en) * 2017-08-10 2019-03-12 西迪技术股份有限公司 A kind of Cu-base composites and preparation method thereof
CN117165802B (en) * 2023-11-02 2024-01-16 国网山东省电力公司烟台供电公司 Preparation method of multi-scale particle reinforced wear-resistant aluminum-based composite material

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