CN1041147C - Cold cathode low-voltage mercury-free ultraviolet gas discharging lamp - Google Patents
Cold cathode low-voltage mercury-free ultraviolet gas discharging lamp Download PDFInfo
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- CN1041147C CN1041147C CN93104870A CN93104870A CN1041147C CN 1041147 C CN1041147 C CN 1041147C CN 93104870 A CN93104870 A CN 93104870A CN 93104870 A CN93104870 A CN 93104870A CN 1041147 C CN1041147 C CN 1041147C
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- electrode
- nitrogen
- ultraviolet light
- discharge lamp
- alkali metal
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Abstract
The present invention belongs to an ultraviolet light gas discharge lamp. An ultraviolet light emitting system is composed of pure nitrogen gas or nitrogen gas, inert gas mixing gas, alkali metal vapor and high-melting point metal electrodes. The ultraviolet light emitting system can carry out discharge operation at low-frequency low-voltage alternating voltage or direct current voltage to generate ultraviolet light of 300 to 400 nm. The volume of a finished produce can be made into a small volume, and the power consumption is little. The present invention can be used for making various lighting devices, display devices, irradiation devices and laser devices.
Description
The present invention relates to low-pressure gaseous discharge lamp, particularly relate to cold cathode low-voltage mercury-free ultraviolet gas discharging lamp.
The invention belongs to gaseous discharge lamp.
The ultraviolet light discharge lamp has been widely used in the various aspects that the photochemical action of medical treatment, breeding, illumination, chemical industry, the detection of air pollution and the true and false of bill and security class distinguish etc. that the human lives produces.Existing ultraviolet light discharge lamp can be divided into two classes substantially from the discharge operation material: a class is a mercury vapour, its shortcoming is that the public is known--pollutes the environment in the production, can bring grievous injury to human body because of the leakage and the shortwave radiation of mercury vapour in the use, the volume of mercury ultraviolet light pipe is also bigger.Another kind of is non-mercury gas, is divided into inert gas (He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe) ultraviolet light discharge lamp and nitrogen ultraviolet light discharge lamp (also being nitrogen laser) again.Their weak point is, inert gas Xe discharge not only needs very high starting voltage (more than several kilovolts) and electric current greatly, and the strongest wave band of radiation is at visible region, a little less than the ultraviolet ray, need add filter during therefore as ultraviolet source, use inconvenience, and energy consumption also big (the R. Bake, W. En Lisi, K. occupy this work, Zhang Lijuan is translated, gas and vapor laser spectrum line table, Science Press, 1981, P66--79, CN1041667A).The radiation wavelength that inert gas He, Ne, Ar, Kr discharge are produced belongs to the extreme ultraviolet district less than 200 millimicrons, can only use in vacuum system, so range of application extremely limited (CN1043037A).The radiation wavelength that nitrogen molecule excites discharge to produce concentrates on ultraviolet region, is the operation material of comparatively ideal ultraviolet light discharge lamp.But, realize that nitrogen molecular excites discharge to need very big electric current and very steep high pressure (15KV--20KV) pulse, (Gao Yizhi chief editor, Laser Experiments a collection of selected materials, the Electronic Industry Press, 1988, P47-54,74-81,316-317), therefore present existing nitrogen laser all is bulky, and the system of electrode structure complexity only limits to as Laser Devices.Existing ultraviolet light discharge lamp is divided from electric negative electrode, and cold cathode and hot cathode two Hes are arranged, and the life-span of hot cathode is far beyond the weak point of cold cathode.
The purpose of this invention is to provide cold cathode that a kind of volume can make very for a short time what just can realize discharging under low frequency and low pressure is the ultraviolet light discharge lamp of operation material with nitrogen or nitrogen and inert gas gaseous mixture.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: the ultraviolet light emission system of discharge lamp of the present invention is made of mist, the alkali metal vapour of pure nitrogen gas or nitrogen and inert gas and the electrode made from refractory metal electrode (as Ta or Mo or W).Alkali metal vapour forms adsorbed film on the high melting point metal materials electrode in this emission system, constitutes the electron source that can launch the high density electronics with this electrode under discharge condition, and wherein selected alkali metal is the most desirable with caesium.
Manufacturing process of the present invention is such, according to desired power and shape, make plate or open circles column type or hollow square type or straight rod type electrode with refractory metal (as Ta or Mo or W), its size is decided by the requirement of power output.Ready-made electrode inclosure is left in the glass tube that fills alkali metal vapour mouth, inflation inlet and exhaust outlet, be sealed to then on the vacuum system that has alkali metal source and nitrogen (or nitrogen and inert gas gaseous mixture) source, system is extracted into condition of high vacuum degree (10
-5--10
-6Holder) after, in glass tube, charge into alkali metal (as caesium) steam, the alkali metal vapour amount of charging into is a topped 0.5--1.0 atomic layer on electrode, and then charging into pure nitrogen gas or nitrogen and inert gas volume ratio again is 4: 0---4: 1 gaseous mixture, making in the glass tube pressure is the 5--10 holder.Add alternating current (50Hz) voltage at the electrode two ends, by regulating the discharge voltage value, observe its discharge scenario simultaneously, when the discharge voltage of lamp and power output reach designing requirement glass tube is sealed, a kind of novel cold cathode low-voltage mercury-free ultraviolet gas discharging lamp just completes.
The present invention compared with prior art, the advantage that has is: because alkali metal, deciding caesium especially, is low-work-function material, when they behind formation adsorbed film on the refractory metal electrode, the electrode surface work function is reduced greatly, become a fabulous electron emission source.As long as add low frequency (as 50Hz) low pressure (as the 80--220 volt) alternating voltage at electrode two ends with the alkali metal adsorbed film, or direct voltage, the minority free electron that is present in the discharge lamp system just begins to move to electrode, and the bombardment alkali metal atom.Because alkali metal atom has the first lower ionization energy, ionization takes place and ejected electron under the free electron bombardment of certain energy.These d/d electronics add the free electron stream of motion again, and the strength of discharge of electrode space is strengthened, and alkali metal ion also begins to electrode movement, and the bombardment electrode.Enhancing along with discharge, the free electron number and the number of ions of bombardment electrode constantly increase, add alkali metal atom and emit stronger infrared ray owing to be excited, make the very fast rising of local temperature of electrode, when temperature is raised to when being enough to make electrode to enter the heat emission state, this place, part will launch a large amount of electronics (because the electrode of this moment electron work functon under alkali metal is topped is very low, so heat emission efficient is very high), all under the state of emitting electrons, form electron beam at alkali metal and the electrode that adsorbed the alkali metal film with high density and higher-energy.Nitrogen molecule collision in this electron beam and the discharge lamp is energized into the C attitude to nitrogen molecular from ground state.Because C attitude radiation lifetime (40nS) is shorter than life-span (10 μ S) of B attitude, the excitation electron that therefore is in the C attitude is to the transition of B attitude and ultraviolet light is emitted in spontaneous radiation.The rotation structure that shakes of nitrogen molecular has determined the wavelength of this radiation to concentrate between the 3000--4000 dust, also promptly at ultraviolet region.Take a broad view of above-mentionedly, advantage of the present invention is:
1. by alkali metal atom, caesium atom particularly, when discharging, constitute the electron source that to launch the high density electronics together with the refractory metal electrode, can provide a large amount of electronics during work, the discharge voltage of system is reduced greatly, so discharge lamp of the present invention can be worked under low-frequency and low-voltage alternating voltage or direct voltage, and volume can be made very for a short time.
2. because nitrogen molecular excites the wavelength of the radiation that discharge produces to concentrate on the ultra-violet (UV) band, and adding top electrode is cold cathode, so discharge lamp electric energy loss of the present invention is little, the life-span is very long.
3. owing to got rid of the existence of mercury, not only safe but also free from environmental pollution in the production, the ultraviolet wavelength of nitrogen molecular emission is safe to human body between the 3000---4000 dust.
4. above-mentioned physical process all is (＜1 μ S) that finishes in a short period of time, thus the work of this discharge lamp do not have the macroscopic view delay effect, a making alive enters operating state at once, and is extremely easy to use.
Discharge lamp of the present invention can be applied to make various illuminating devices, display device, irradiation device and Laser Devices.
Embodiment 1
Make the hollow rectangle electrode that a plate electrode and that is of a size of 10mm * 5mm is of a size of 10mm * 5mm * 5mm with the tantalum sheet metal, at a distance of being 2mm, they are enclosed in the glass tube of corresponding size between two electrodes, this glass tube is evacuated to 10
-5Holder, and charge into the caesium steam and make topped 0.5--1.0 atomic layer caesium on electrode, charge into pure nitrogen gas again, make in the glass tube pressure reach 6 holders, tube sealing is made a ultraviolet light discharge lamp after discharge voltage is regulated, and can work under the 50Hz alternating voltage, and discharge voltage only needs the 80--100 volt.
Embodiment 2
With diameter is that to make one highly be 10mm for the tungsten filament of 0.4mm, diameter is a helix electrode and the high 10mm of 4mm, and the straight-bar electrode of diameter 1mm, straight-bar tungsten bar place helix tungsten filament middle, they are enclosed in the glass tube of corresponding size, glass tube is evacuated to 10
-5Holder, and charge into the caesium steam, make its topped 0.5--1.0 atomic layer caesium on electrode, charging into volume ratio again is 4: 1 the nitrogen and the gaseous mixture of argon gas, make the pressure in the glass tube reach 10 holders, tube sealing is made a ultraviolet light discharge lamp after discharge voltage is regulated, and works under the 50Hz alternating voltage, and discharge voltage is 100 volts.
The ultraviolet light that the discharge lamp that makes in two examples is launched has four through its main peak of spectrophotometer: 315.9,337.1,357.7 and 378.0 (nm), wherein with 337,1nm and 357.7nm are for the strongest.
Claims (8)
1. a cold cathode low-voltage mercury-free ultraviolet gas discharging lamp is characterized in that: the ultraviolet light emission system that is made of discharge lamp mist, alkali metal vapour and the refractory metal electrode of pure nitrogen gas or nitrogen and inert gas.
2. according to the described gaseous discharge lamp of claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the ultraviolet light emission system, on the refractory metal electrode, form adsorbed film by alkali metal vapour, and constitute the electron source that to launch the high density electronics when the discharge condition with the refractory metal electrode.
3. according to claim 1 or 2 described gaseous discharge lamps, it is characterized in that: used alkali metal is caesium.
4. according to claim 1 or 2 described gaseous discharge lamps, it is characterized in that: the consumption that charges into alkali metal vapour is topped 0.5--1.0 atomic layer on electrode.
5. according to claim 1 or 2 described gaseous discharge lamps, it is characterized in that: refractory metal that electrode uses is Ta or Mo or W.
6. according to claim 1 or 2 described gaseous discharge lamps, it is characterized in that: electrode be shaped as plate or hollow rectangle type or spiral line type or straight rod type, its size is determined by the discharge lamp power output.
7. according to the described gaseous discharge lamp of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the pressure that charges into the gaseous mixture of pure nitrogen gas or nitrogen and inert gas is the 5--10 holder.
8. according to the described gaseous discharge lamp of claim 1, it is characterized in that: to get volume ratio be 4 for nitrogen and inert gas in used nitrogen and the inert gas gaseous mixture: 0--4: 1.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN93104870A CN1041147C (en) | 1993-04-29 | 1993-04-29 | Cold cathode low-voltage mercury-free ultraviolet gas discharging lamp |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN93104870A CN1041147C (en) | 1993-04-29 | 1993-04-29 | Cold cathode low-voltage mercury-free ultraviolet gas discharging lamp |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1094541A CN1094541A (en) | 1994-11-02 |
| CN1041147C true CN1041147C (en) | 1998-12-09 |
Family
ID=4985426
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN93104870A Expired - Fee Related CN1041147C (en) | 1993-04-29 | 1993-04-29 | Cold cathode low-voltage mercury-free ultraviolet gas discharging lamp |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1041147C (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101404240B (en) * | 2008-09-16 | 2012-01-04 | 彩虹集团公司 | Non-mercury fluorescent lamp and LCD display with the same as backlight source |
| CN105895500A (en) * | 2015-01-26 | 2016-08-24 | 汪乾昌 | Use of cesium |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0463815A1 (en) * | 1990-06-22 | 1992-01-02 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Vacuum ultraviolet light source |
-
1993
- 1993-04-29 CN CN93104870A patent/CN1041147C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0463815A1 (en) * | 1990-06-22 | 1992-01-02 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Vacuum ultraviolet light source |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1094541A (en) | 1994-11-02 |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |