CN104113314B - Laser trigger vacuum switch and switch system - Google Patents
Laser trigger vacuum switch and switch system Download PDFInfo
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- CN104113314B CN104113314B CN201410257481.4A CN201410257481A CN104113314B CN 104113314 B CN104113314 B CN 104113314B CN 201410257481 A CN201410257481 A CN 201410257481A CN 104113314 B CN104113314 B CN 104113314B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a laser trigger vacuum switch and a trigger system apparatus thereof. The laser trigger vacuum switch comprises a closed housing, a first electrode main member and a second electrode main member. The first electrode main member comprises an arcing electrode, a first electrode flange, a first electrode platform and a focusing mirror. The second electrode main member comprises an arcing electrode, a second electrode flange, a second electrode platform and a target electrode. The trigger system apparatus mainly comprises a computer, a converter, a switch circuit board, a laser and the laser trigger vacuum switch. The laser trigger vacuum switch has a working voltage as high as 30 kV and a working current as high as 500 kA. The problems of difficult trigger high voltage isolation, trigger stability, short service life and the like by use of electric pulses in the prior art are solved, the laser trigger energy can be effectively reduced, and the time delay and jittering of a switch device are improved. The laser of the trigger system apparatus realizes miniaturization completely, a matched laser system is greatly simplified, and a special power supply device, a special water cooling machine and a special laser collimation system are unnecessary.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to high pressure high current pulse switch technical field, more particularly, to a kind of laser triggered vacuum switch
And switching system.
Background technology
Pulse Power Techniques are a kind of with relatively low power (voltage, electric current) storage electric field (magnetic field) energy, by it with height
Power conversion much is pulse electromagnetic energy and is discharged into the electric physical technique gone in certain loads, is also nanosecond pulse electronics
The product that, general High-Voltage Technology and applied physicss combine.With its rapid in national defence and civilian high-tech
Exhibition and application, high pressure high current pulse switch becomes one of Primary Component of restriction day pulse power technology development.Such as electromagnetism
The electrical energy drive weapon such as railgun, it is desirable to pass through the huge energy in energy-storage travelling wave tube in the very short time of nanosecond to sub- millisecond
Switch is discharged in load, and switching characteristic is directly connected to electromagnetism and sends out with the output waveform (particularly rise time) of the pulse power
Parameter (going out run time in the thorax speed, thorax) control penetrated etc..And superpower laser, high energy Long pulse accelerator, high power
Microwave weapon etc. also requires that switch has high power and high repetition frequency.Therefore, repetition, high speed, high pressure, heavy current pulse power
Switch is the direction that domestic and international related personnel pays close attention to always and endeavours research and development.
At present, the high pressure high current switch for studying more mainly has gas gap switch, semiconductor switch and triggering vacuum
Switch.Wherein, gas gap switch is simple and easy to do, and discharge capacity is big, but its is under-voltage than (reliable triggering and conducting voltage and self breakdown
The ratio of voltage) it is too high, i.e., operating voltage range is narrow, 85%~100% self-breakdown voltage is typically only, using very inconvenient.Half
Conductor on-off control is convenient, easily realizes that repetition is triggered, but discharge capacity is with steepness not enough, and manufacturing cost is high.Triggered Vacuum Switch
Discharge capacity is big, and through-flow steepness is high, under-voltage than little (generally 5%~100% self-breakdown voltage), coulomb electric charge on state characteristic
Good, reliability is high, low to environmental requirement, but extends during its triggering, and shake is big, life-span and poor work stability, is dielectrically separated from tired
Difficulty, repetition triggering control is difficult to.With going deep into for research, laser triggering gas spark switch initially enters everybody visual field
And be able to apply and development.But it has two large problems to be difficult to overcome, and one is the laser energy ratio to gas switch triggering requirement
It is larger so that the volume of laser triggering system is big, cost is high, greatly hinders its application development；Two is that it still has gas
Body space switch is under-voltage than high shortcoming.
Laser triggered vacuum switch is merged laser triggering gas spark switch and vacuum switch, with reference to both
Advantage, by the way that laser is radiated on target electrode initial plasma is produced, and then makes switch in the presence of main electrode voltage
Conducting.Laser triggered vacuum switch has wider operating voltage range and higher coulomb electric charge on state characteristic, and it is touched
The system of sending out is relatively independent, strong antijamming capability, and triggering is stable, time delay is short, shake is little, is capable of achieving repetition triggering.
Although laser triggered vacuum switch meets the property required by high pressure high current pulse switch with good prediction advantage
Can, but the research at present both at home and abroad with regard to laser triggered vacuum switch is simultaneously few, and major part is at principle and sounds out the stage.
Laser triggered vacuum switch generally comprises the first arcing electrode, the second arcing electrode and target electrode, the first arcing electrode and second
Laser triggering gap is left between two relative end faces of arcing electrode, target electrode is placed in groove and fixes, and this structure exists
When forming electric arc between electrode, larger ablation is easily caused to cathode surface, trigger the initial plasma for being formed and reach anode
Need more outside energies and time so that the time delay of switch and shake are than larger, and the life-span is shorter.Additionally, this structure
Triggered gap less (about 5mm), only one discharge channel bears the scope narrower (5~30KV) of applied voltage, flow-resistant capacity
Not good (maximum current that can be born is about 15KA).These cause laser triggered vacuum switch triggering needs laser energy compared with
Greatly, Optical Maser System supporting therewith is huger, needs configuration power supply device, water cooling unit, laser collimation system etc. additional
Device, it is expensive.For these reasons, during existing laser triggered vacuum switch is difficult to practical application and produces.
The content of the invention
For the disadvantages described above or Improvement requirement of prior art, the invention provides a kind of laser triggered vacuum switch and opening
Relation is united, and the running voltage of laser triggered vacuum switch may be up to 30kV, and operating current may be up to 500kA, there is no conventional electricity
Pulse-triggered high_voltage isolation is difficult, trigger the problem of the serious restriction applications such as stability is poor, service life is short, can effectively reduce swashing
Light trigger energy, improves the time delay and shake of switching device.Laser system supporting with laser triggered vacuum switch in switching system
System is greatly simplified, and laser instrument fully achieves miniaturization, thus lineal without the need for special power supply device, water cooling unit and laser quasi
System, in can be widely applied to actual production.
For achieving the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a kind of laser triggered vacuum switch, its feature
It is, including closed shell, first electrode main part, second electrode main part；The closed shell is by insulation crust and is arranged on absolutely
The first electrode flange at edge shell two ends and second electrode flange are constituted；The first electrode main part include the first arcing electrode,
First electrode platform and focus lamp；The second electrode main part includes the second arcing electrode, second electrode platform and target electrode；Institute
It is hollow reverse frustoconic to state first electrode platform, is fixed on the first electrode flange by metal canula, the focusing
Mirror is embedded in the metal canula, in sealing contact with the metal canula；The second electrode platform is reverse frustoconic, by electricity
Pole foundation is fixed on the second electrode flange；The target electrode is located on the second electrode platform, with the focus lamp
Just right, the focus of the focus lamp falls on the target electrode.
Preferably, the bottom surface of the target electrode maintains an equal level with the surface of the second electrode platform.
Preferably, the target electrode is mixed by metal and metal halide salt.
Preferably, the target electrode is the isolation of pyramid type, circular platform type or square.
Preferably, the first arcing electrode includes multiple sub-electrodes, circumferentially uniform on the first electrode platform
Arrangement；The second arcing electrode includes multiple sub-electrodes, circumferentially evenly distributed on the second electrode platform；Described
Multiple sub-electrodes of one arcing electrode are extended towards and interlaced arrangement with multiple sub-electrodes of the second arcing electrode, phase
The gap width of adjacent sub-electrode is equal, and the gap width phase on the gap width and sub-electrode top to relative electrode platform
Gap and sub-electrode top Deng, adjacent sub-electrode constitutes main discharge gap to the gap of relative electrode platform.
It is another aspect of this invention to provide that provide a kind of switching system, it is characterised in that including computer, transducer,
Switching circuit board, laser instrument and the laser triggered vacuum switch as any one of claim 1 to 5；The transducer, institute
State switching circuit board and the laser instrument is sequentially connected, the outfan of the laser instrument is directed at the laser and touches by transmission channel
Send out the primary optical axis of the focus lamp of vacuum switch；The computer is used to send work of the control laser instrument by preset frequency triggering
Instruct, the transducer is used to receiving the work order that the computer sends and converts thereof into the switching circuit board energy
The instruction of identification, the switching circuit board is used for according to the instruction for receiving, and controls the laser works, makes the laser instrument
Laser pulse signal is sent by preset frequency.
It is another aspect of this invention to provide that there is provided a kind of laser triggering method of above-mentioned laser triggered vacuum switch.
In general, by the contemplated above technical scheme of the present invention compared with prior art, with following beneficial effect
Really：
1st, target electrode is located on second electrode platform, compared with intercalation electrode platform, be increase effectively target electrode and is swashed
The contact area of light pulse, shortens the distance of target electrode and the first arcing electrode, advantageously reduces laser triggering energy, improves
The time delay of switching device and shake, while avoiding ablation of the electric arc to the second arcing electrode during switch conduction, improve laser
The stability of Triggered Vacuum Switch.
2nd, target electrode material is the mixture of metal and metal halide salt, and metal halide salt, fully profit are mixed in a metal
With metal heat-conducting is good and metal halide salt fusing point is low and the characteristics of little work function, under the action of the laser pulse, metal material
Metal halide salt is transferred heat to after being heated rapidly so as to quick ionization, additionally, metal and metal halide salt can also be because of light
Electro ultrafiltration escapes part electronics, is conducive to the triggering of switching device, so as to effectively reduce laser triggering energy.
3rd, the laser illumination window in laser triggered vacuum switch arranges focus lamp, just right with target electrode, and focus lamp will swash
Light pulse is focused on target electrode, can effectively reduce laser triggering energy.
4th, main electrode adopts multiple electrode structure, i.e. the first arcing electrode and the second arcing electrode by multiple sub-electrode groups
Into interlaced arrangement forms main discharge gap, its space potential distribution comparison rule, is truly realized Multiple level parallel connection
Structure design, is conducive to the transfer and diffusion of vacuum arc.Electric field is concentrated mainly within the space of two electrodes surroundings, field intensity
Greatly, based on oblique, the initial plasma that laser pulse is produced with target electrode interaction is in the presence of electric field with oblique
Based on motion, with the more plasmas of electrode surface collision excitation, such iterative cycles are advantageously implemented main gap for they
Conducting, conduction property is more preferable.
5th, up to 15mm, withstanding voltage scope is up to 50V~30KV, and through-current capability is strong for discharging gap distance, can 5KA~
Stably turn under 500KA.Because required laser triggering energy substantially reduces (several MJs just can turn on), supporting laser system
Greatly simplify, the supply voltage of laser instrument can as little as 8V~9V, therefore without the need for special power supply device, water cooling unit and laser quasi
Direct line system.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the laser triggered vacuum switch of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is sectional view of the laser triggered vacuum switch shown in Fig. 1 along line A-A；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the switching system of the embodiment of the present invention.
In all of the figs, identical reference be used for represent identical element or structure, wherein：1- insulation crusts,
2- metallic shields, 3- supports, 4- first electrode flanges, 5- second electrode flanges, 6- suction rings, 7- vacuum chambers, 8,9- screw threads
Hole, 10- electrode foundation, 11- first electrode platforms, 12- second electrode platforms, 13- focus lamps, 14- metal canulas, 15- targets electricity
Pole, 16- the first arcing electrodes, 17- the second arcing electrodes, 18- main discharge gaps.
Specific embodiment
In order that the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention become more apparent, it is right below in conjunction with drawings and Examples
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only to explain the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.As long as additionally, technical characteristic involved in invention described below each embodiment
Not constituting conflict each other just can be mutually combined.
As shown in figure 1, the laser triggered vacuum switch of the embodiment of the present invention includes closed shell, first electrode main part and the
Two electrode main parts.
Closed shell is by insulation crust 1 and is arranged on the first electrode flange 4 and second electrode flange at the two ends of insulation crust 1
5 are constituted.Metallic shield 2 is fixed in insulation crust 1 by support 3.First electrode main part include the first arcing electrode 16, the
One electrode platform 11 and focus lamp 13；Second electrode main part includes the second arcing electrode 17, second electrode platform 12 and target electrode
15。
First electrode platform 11 is hollow reverse frustoconic, is fixed on first electrode flange 4 by metal canula 14, gold
Category sleeve pipe 14 is provided with screwed hole 8, is easy to laser triggered vacuum switch to realize electrical or mechanical connection with external circuit.Focus lamp 13
It is embedded in metal canula 14, it is in sealing contact with metal canula 14.Second electrode platform 12 is reverse frustoconic, by electrode foundation 10
It is fixed on second electrode flange 5, electrode foundation 10 is provided with screwed hole 9, is easy to laser triggered vacuum switch and external circuit reality
Existing electrical or mechanical connection.Suction ring 6 is respectively equipped with first electrode flange 4 and second electrode flange 5, for absorbing electric arc combustion
The gas produced during burning, maintains the vacuum of the vacuum chamber 7 in closed shell, and the pressure of vacuum chamber 7 is 10-3Pa
~10-5Pa.
Insulation crust 1 is made up of electrical insulating material.Metallic shield 2 is used to limit the combustion range of electric arc, it is to avoid gold
Category vapor deposition is in inner walls, so that the first arcing electrode 16 and the second arcing electrode 17 keep insulation.Other metal material
The radome of matter is more conducive to metal vapors in its surface attachment, so as to effectively maintain the condition of high vacuum degree inside switching device, makes
Electric field keeps stable.First arcing electrode 16 and the second arcing electrode 17 are made up of the metal alloy of arc ablation resistance, vacuum-resistant
Electric arc ability is strong, can guarantee that ablation is all right after being used for multiple times.
Target electrode 15 is isolation, and on second electrode platform 12, its bottom surface is held with the surface of second electrode platform 12
It is flat.Target electrode 15 is just right with focus lamp 13, and the focus of focus lamp 13 falls on target electrode 15.Focus lamp 13 is used for laser pulse
Focus on target electrode 15, the non-embedded setting of target electrode 15 increases the contact area of laser pulse and target electrode 15, contract
The short distance of the arcing electrode 16 of target electrode 15 and first, reduces the laser triggering energy of needs in certain scope, keeps away
Exempt from ablation of the electric arc to electrode during switch conduction, improve the stability of laser triggered vacuum switch.Isolation can adopt many
Plant structure type, such as pyramid type, circular platform type or square etc..Preferably, isolation is pyramid type structure, compared with other structures phase
Than pyramid type structure can further reduce laser triggering energy.
Target electrode 15 is mixed by metal and metal halide salt, and metal can be titanium, aluminum, copper, tungsten etc., metal halide salt
Can be chlorination slaine, iodate slaine etc..For example, target electrode can be mixed by titanium and potassium chloride, and chlorine is mixed in titanium
After changing potassium, under the action of the laser pulse, titanium transfers heat to rapidly potassium chloride after being heated so as to quick ionization, additionally, titanium
Also part electronics can be escaped because of photoelectric action with potassium chloride, be conducive to the triggering of switching device, so as to effectively reduce laser
Trigger energy.The manufacturing process of target electrode also has corresponding requirement, metal and metal halide salt powder is placed in mould and is suppressed
Molding, applies suitable pressure, on the one hand makes dusty material combine closely, on the other hand must not mold damage.
As shown in Fig. 2 the first arcing electrode 16 includes multiple sub-electrodes, circumferentially uniformly arrange on first electrode platform 11
Row, the second arcing electrode 17 includes multiple sub-electrodes, circumferentially evenly distributed on second electrode platform 12, the first arcing electrode
The sub-electrode of 16 sub-electrode and the second arcing electrode 17 is extended towards and interlaced arrangement, and the cross section of each sub-electrode is approximate
For trapezoidal.The gap width of adjacent sub-electrode is equal, and the gap width with sub-electrode top between relative electrode platform
Gap width is equal, and the gap and sub-electrode top of adjacent sub-electrode constitute main discharge gap to the gap of relative electrode platform.
Such electrode structure makes space potential be distributed comparison rule, real to realize due to there are multiple main gaps (i.e. discharge channel)
Multiple level structure design in parallel, is conducive to the transfer and diffusion of vacuum arc.The sub-electrode number of the first arcing electrode 16
With the sub-electrode number of the second arcing electrode 17 can designed, designed according to actual needs, preferably 2~6.
As shown in figure 3, the switching system of the embodiment of the present invention include computer, transducer, switching circuit board, laser instrument and
Laser triggered vacuum switch.Transducer, switching circuit board and laser instrument are sequentially connected, and the outfan of laser instrument passes through transmission channel
The primary optical axis of the focus lamp of alignment laser triggered vacuum switch.Computer is used to send control laser instrument by preset frequency triggering
The work order of (i.e. transmitting n times laser pulse signal in the unit interval), transducer refers to for receiving the work that computer sends
The instruction that switching circuit board can be recognized is made and converts thereof into, switching circuit board is used for according to the instruction for receiving, and controls laser
Device works, and makes laser instrument send laser pulse signal by preset frequency.
Transducer can be receptor or single-chip microcomputer, when transducer is receptor, the information between computer and transducer
Wireless radio transmission realization is passed through, when transducer is single-chip microcomputer, computer is connected with transducer by netting twine or optical fiber.Swash
Light device can adopt the military miniature laser for completing to collimate, advantage of lower cost, and without the need for additional power source charger and cold
But system.The switching system can easily realize remotely control and repetition triggering.
The operation principle of the switching system is as follows：Computer sends control laser instrument and refers to by the work that preset frequency is triggered
Order, the work order that transducer reception computer sends simultaneously converts thereof into the discernible instruction of switching circuit board, on-off circuit
Plate controls laser works according to the instruction for receiving, and makes laser instrument send laser pulse signal by preset frequency.Laser pulse
Signal Jing transmission channels are transmitted, and the primary optical axis along focus lamp 13 is exported and is irradiated on focus lamp 13, and line focus mirror 13 is focused to
On target electrode 15, after the metal material in target electrode 15 is heated, metal halide salt is transferred heat to rapidly so as to fast electric
From, additionally, metal and metal halide salt can also escape part electronics because of photoelectric action, meanwhile, laser pulse and isolation phase
The calorifics effect of interaction can also produce negative particle (electronics and anion).Subsequently, ion is continuously generated to form ion stream, bears grain
Son move from cathode to anode, inspire more cations in anode, cation from anode to cathode motion, in cathode excitation
Go out more anion, electronics and neutral particle, so move in circles, form electric current, make switch conduction.
Because the main electrode of laser triggered vacuum switch is made up of multiple sub-electrodes, there is multiple discharge channels, target electrode
The initial plasma of generation moves to main electrode in the presence of electric field, excites the more plasmas of generation.Additionally, target is electric
On the one hand pole take full advantage of that metal heat-conducting is good and halogenation is golden using the isolation that is mixed by metal and metal halide salt
The category characteristic that salt fusing point is low, work function is little so that heat can rapidly pass to metal halide salt so as to quick ionization, while
Metal and metal halide salt can also escape part electronics because of photoelectric action, and on the other hand, target electrode is located at second electrode platform
On, compared with the structure in embedded groove, increase effective contact area during laser triggering.These designs are all greatly reduced
Laser triggering energy, improve the time delay and shake of switching device, it is to avoid electric arc anticathode ablation during switch conduction, carries
The high stability of laser triggered vacuum switch, so that the supporting laser system of laser triggered vacuum switch is obtained significantly
Simplify, Technical Economy requirement is met, in can be widely applied to actual production.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that the foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not to
The present invention, all any modification, equivalent and improvement made within the spirit and principles in the present invention etc. are limited, all should be included
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of laser triggered vacuum switch, it is characterised in that including closed shell, first electrode main part, second electrode main part；
The closed shell is by insulation crust and is arranged on the first electrode flange and second electrode flange structure at insulation crust two ends
Into；The first electrode main part includes the first arcing electrode, first electrode platform and focus lamp；The second electrode main part includes
Second arcing electrode, second electrode platform and target electrode；The first electrode platform is hollow reverse frustoconic, by metallic sheath
Pipe is fixed on the first electrode flange, and the focus lamp is embedded in the metal canula, is connect with metal canula sealing
Touch；The second electrode platform is reverse frustoconic, is fixed on the second electrode flange by electrode foundation；The target electrode
Just right with the focus lamp on the second electrode platform, the focus of the focus lamp falls on the target electrode, described
The bottom surface of target electrode maintains an equal level with the surface of the second electrode platform.
2. laser triggered vacuum switch as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the target electrode is by metal and metal halide
Salt is mixed.
3. laser triggered vacuum switch as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the target electrode is pyramid type, circular platform type
Or the isolation of square.
4. laser triggered vacuum switch as claimed any one in claims 1 to 3, it is characterised in that the first arcing electricity
Pole includes multiple sub-electrodes, circumferentially evenly distributed on the first electrode platform；The second arcing electrode includes multiple
Sub-electrode, it is circumferentially evenly distributed on the second electrode platform；Multiple sub-electrodes of the first arcing electrode with it is described
Multiple sub-electrodes of the second arcing electrode are extended towards and interlaced arrangement, and the gap width of adjacent sub-electrode is equal, and should
Gap width is equal with the gap width of sub-electrode top to relative electrode platform, the gap and sub-electrode top of adjacent sub-electrode
The gap for holding relative electrode platform constitutes main discharge gap.
5. a kind of switching system, it is characterised in that including computer, transducer, switching circuit board, laser instrument and such as claim
Laser triggered vacuum switch any one of 1 to 4；
The transducer, the switching circuit board and the laser instrument are sequentially connected, and the outfan of the laser instrument is by transmission
The primary optical axis of the focus lamp of laser triggered vacuum switch described in channel alignment；The computer is used to send the control laser instrument
By the work order that preset frequency is triggered, the transducer is used to receiving the work order that the computer sends and is converted
Into the instruction that the switching circuit board can be recognized, the switching circuit board is used for according to the instruction for receiving, and controls the laser
Device works, and makes the laser instrument send laser pulse signal by preset frequency.
6. a kind of laser triggering method of the laser triggered vacuum switch as any one of Claims 1-4, its feature exists
In, including：
Computer sends work order of the control laser instrument by preset frequency triggering, and the work that transducer reception computer sends refers to
The discernible instruction of switching circuit board is made and converts thereof into, switching circuit board controls laser instrument work according to the instruction for receiving
Make, make laser instrument send laser pulse signal by preset frequency；Laser pulse signal Jing transmission channels are transmitted, along the master of focus lamp
Optical axis is exported and is irradiated on focus lamp, and line focus mirror is focused on target electrode, after the metal material in target electrode is heated, rapidly
Metal halide salt is transferred heat to so as to quick ionization, additionally, metal and metal halide salt can also be escaped because of photoelectric action
Part electronics, meanwhile, the calorifics effect that laser pulse and isolation interact can also produce negative particle；Subsequently, ion is continuous
Generation forms ion stream, and negative particle is moved from cathode to anode, and in anode more cations are inspired, cation from anode to
Cathode motion, in cathode excitation more anion, electronics and neutral particle are gone out, and are so moved in circles, and form electric current, make switch
Conducting.
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| CN201410257481.4A CN104113314B (en) | 2014-06-11 | 2014-06-11 | Laser trigger vacuum switch and switch system |
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| CN106877177B (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2018-12-11 | 中国电力科学研究院 | A kind of laser triggering system based on optical fiber transmission |
| CN107743031B (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2019-08-13 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of laser triggering multi-stage vacuum switch |
| CN107888174B (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2023-12-29 | 大连理工大学 | High-voltage four-fracture laser trigger vacuum switch |
| CN108539580B (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2020-05-15 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Low-trigger-light-energy light-trigger gas switch and light path design method thereof |
| CN111510124B (en) * | 2020-03-20 | 2023-03-24 | 中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所 | Magnetic bias weak light triggering high-power photoconductive switch |
| CN115189234A (en) * | 2022-05-06 | 2022-10-14 | 国网湖北省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Low-energy laser triggered gas switch system |
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| DE102005024658B4 (en) * | 2005-05-30 | 2007-02-15 | Dehn + Söhne Gmbh + Co. Kg | Encapsulated, flameproof, non-hermetically sealed, rotationally symmetric high-performance spark gap |
| TWI379916B (en) * | 2009-02-24 | 2012-12-21 | Ind Tech Res Inst | Vacuum coating device and coating method |
| CN101820275A (en) * | 2010-04-20 | 2010-09-01 | 华中科技大学 | Laser triggered vacuum switch |
| CN102130670B (en) * | 2011-03-15 | 2013-03-27 | 华中科技大学 | Multipole field breakdown type vacuum trigger switch |
| CN203942505U (en) * | 2014-06-11 | 2014-11-12 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of laser triggered vacuum switch and switching system |
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