CN104111197A - Jointing coal rock direct tensile test device and jointing coal rock direct tensile test method - Google Patents

Jointing coal rock direct tensile test device and jointing coal rock direct tensile test method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104111197A
CN104111197A CN201410383306.XA CN201410383306A CN104111197A CN 104111197 A CN104111197 A CN 104111197A CN 201410383306 A CN201410383306 A CN 201410383306A CN 104111197 A CN104111197 A CN 104111197A
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joint
tapered sleeve
card
coal
coal sample
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CN201410383306.XA
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CN104111197B (en
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李玉伟
艾池
张军
史晓东
李银朋
陶飞宇
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PINGHU CITY FINE ART MACHINERY FACTORY
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Northeast Petroleum University
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Abstract

The invention relates to a jointing coal rock direct tensile test device and a jointing coal rock direct tensile test method. The jointing coal rock direct tensile test device comprises clamping body taper sleeves, a spherical joint and a tensile testing machine, wherein both ends of a coal sample are respectively tightly sleeved by the clamping body taper sleeves, each clamping body taper sleeve is connected with the corresponding spherical joint, and the spherical joint is connected with the tensile testing machine; each clamping body taper sleeve is formed by sleeving a taper sleeve out of an annular wedge-shaped sleeve, and the annular wedge-shaped sleeve comprises twelve clamping bodies, spring joints and rubber gaskets; the adjacent clamping bodies are sequentially connected end to end through the spring joints to form the annular wedge-shaped sleeve, the outer surfaces of the clamping bodies are in arc shapes, the longitudinal sections of the clamping bodies are in trapezoidal shapes, and the inner surfaces of the clamping bodies are provided with the rubber gaskets; one ends of the spring joints are provided with connecting plates, and the other ends of the spring joints are provided with connecting columns; the top ends of the connecting columns are provided with axial center grooves, and two side walls of the center grooves are provided with pin holes; the spring joints are fixedly connected with the tensile testing machine through the center grooves. The jointing coal rock direct tensile test device disclosed by the invention can effectively prevent the coal sample from being damaged due to excessive pressure of a clamp on the coal sample and reduces the influence of stress concentration on a test result.

Description

A kind of joint coal petrography direct tensile test device and test method
Technical field
The present invention relates to the rock tension test technology in the fields such as rock mechanics engineering, petroleum engineering, mining engineering, be specifically related to a kind of joint coal petrography direct tensile test device and test method.
Background technology
The tensile strength of rock is an important mechanical index, and in the past at study of rocks tensile properties, while determining tensile strength, the test method conventionally adopting can be divided into two classes: a class is Direct Determination, i.e. uniaxial tensile test; Another kind of method is indirect determination method, comprises Brazilian split the law, bend test method and indentation test method.The most frequently used in indirect determination method is Brazilian diametral compression test; but because coal rock layer haircut is educated; be subject to the cutting in joint and crack; while adopting Brazilian split the law test; usually can make coal sample destroy along plane of weakness, depart from loading axis, can not meet testing requirements; tensile strength and the actual value of measuring gained have larger gap, can not reflect really the mechanical property of coal petrography.For meeting testing requirements, obtain tensile strength more reliably, it is very necessary that joint coal petrography is carried out to direct tensile test.
Rocks in direct tension test at present mainly contains three kinds: adhesive, clipping and built-in.Coal petrography often adopts adhesive and clippingly carries out tension test, the key that adopts adhesive tension test is to guarantee the coal sample that cuts out, absolute parallel and complete of both ends of the surface, to ensure that draw direction and loading direction all pass through the central axis of cylindricality rock sample, but because coal petrography intensity is low, easily fragmentation, when cutting, be difficult to reach this requirement, often occur in test the not problem of consolidation of coal sample center axis deviation loading direction and adhesion; Adopt clipping tension test, to apply certain pressure to coal sample side and produce friction force, reach the object of clamping, pressure is crossed conference and is caused and be caught broken coal sample, the slippage of pressure is too small can cause again test to be carried out time test specimen, and clamping device is difficult to ensure the uniform stressed of coal sample, produces stress concentrate at coal sample retained part, cause coal sample to rupture herein, affect test findings.Visible, adhesive and clipping two kinds of test methods, be all difficult to meet the requirement of coal petrography direct tensile test, and studying a kind of joint coal petrography direct tensile test apparatus and method that are applicable to has important using value.
Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of joint coal petrography direct tensile test device, this joint coal petrography direct tensile test device is for solving in coal petrography tension test, concentrate and eccentric tension causes test findings and the larger problem of actual value deviation due to stress, another object of the present invention is to provide the test method of this joint coal petrography direct tensile test device.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: this joint coal petrography direct tensile test device comprises card tapered sleeve, globe joint, cupping machine, the two ends of coal sample are locked by card tapered sleeve respectively, each card tapered sleeve connects corresponding globe joint, and globe joint connects cupping machine; Card tapered sleeve is made up of outward at ring-type wedge-shaped sleeve tapered sleeve jacket casing, ring-type wedge-shaped sleeve comprises 12 cards, spring joint, rubber sheet gasket, between adjacent card, be connected to form ring-type wedge-shaped sleeve by spring joint successively head and the tail, card outside surface is circular arc, the longitudinal section of card is trapezoidal, card inside surface has rubber sheet gasket, has evenly distributed tiny projection on rubber sheet gasket; Tapered sleeve tube inner surface is taper, agrees with completely with card outside surface; Globe joint one end arranges web joint, on web joint, there is screw, the globe joint other end is joint pin, the top of joint pin has axial central recess, central recess is rectangular channel, two sidewalls of central recess have pin-and-hole, and globe joint is fixedly connected with fixed pin by central recess with cupping machine.
In such scheme, the card tapered sleeve at the two ends of coal sample is respectively card tapered sleeve and lower card tapered sleeve, the cylindrical body that the tapered sleeve cylinder of upper card tapered sleeve is fixedly connected to form after fastening by two halfbodies, each halfbody is provided with engaging lug, after two halfbody make-ups, at engaging lug, place is fixedly connected with by blind bolt, and each halfbody is provided with the set bolt for being fixedly connected with the web joint of globe joint in the large one end of internal diameter; The tapered sleeve cylinder of lower card tapered sleeve is all-in-one-piece, and tapered sleeve cylinder is provided with the set bolt for being fixedly connected with the web joint of globe joint in the large one end of internal diameter, like this, can be easy for installation, it is also easy to dismantle.
In such scheme, globe joint inside is added with steel ball, and globe joint can gyration be 7 °.
In such scheme, the rubber sheet gasket thickness of card inside surface is 5mm.
The test method of above-mentioned joint coal petrography direct tensile test device:
One, coal sample preparation
A, employing joint coal petrography coring device drill through diameter 50mm, and length is no less than the cylinder coal sample of 200mm, and two ends are cut smooth slightly, by clean ickings clean, swathe sealing with isolating adhesive tape by one section of 100mm in the middle of coal sample, and two ends reserve equal length;
B, in bulge, add the mining reinforcement of coal and rock agent of the 60mm degree of depth, stir, coal sample is vertically put into, coal sample exposed part is immersed in strengthening agent after 2-5 minute completely, takes out coal sample, remove residual strengthening agent, again the other end is immersed in strengthening agent after 2-5 minute, take out coal sample, wiped clean, is put into shady and cool place and leaves standstill;
C, after strengthening agent solidifies completely, will seal adhesive plaster and remove, by clean the polishing of unnecessary coal sample two ends curing strengthening agent, wipe chip with fine sandpaper;
Two, tension test
A, the ring-type wedge-shaped sleeve of lower card tapered sleeve is strutted, be enclosed within the lower end that coal sample is reinforced, suitably adjust the position of every card, rubber sheet gasket and the coal sample of its inner side are fully fitted;
B, by the tapered sleeve jacket casing of lower card tapered sleeve outside the ring-type wedge-shaped sleeve of coal sample lower end, this tapered sleeve cylinder is connected with the web joint on corresponding globe joint, twist good hold-down nut;
C, the ring-type wedge-shaped sleeve of upper card tapered sleeve is strutted to the upper end that is enclosed within coal sample, adjust behind card position, the tapered sleeve cylinder of upper card tapered sleeve is opened, to being buckled in outside the ring-type wedge-shaped sleeve of coal sample upper end, tighten blind bolt, the tapered sleeve cylinder after make-up is connected and is fixed with corresponding globe joint;
The position of d, adjustment cupping machine, utilizes respectively fixed pin to be connected with this cupping machine two globe joints, then applies pretightning force, starts to carry out direct tensile test, until coal sample is destroyed.
Reinforcement of coal and rock agent in such scheme is the agent of mining dual liquid type reinforcement of coal and rock, is mixed with 1:1 ratio by resin and catalyzer, and compressive strength reaches 60MPa, and viscosity is low, can rapid osmotic in coal petrography gap, increase coal sample end compressive strength.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, in the present invention, use reinforcement of coal and rock agent to increase the intensity at coal sample two ends, its compressive strength can reach 60MPa, can effectively avoid because fixture damages the excessive coal sample that causes of coal sample pressure, what in test, clamp is the two ends that coal sample is reinforced, and has also reduced to a certain extent stress and has concentrated the impact on test findings.
The clamping mode of the ring-type wedge-shaped sleeve that 2, the present invention adopts and the combination of tapered sleeve cylinder, tensile force during by test is exerted pressure to coal sample, to reach the object that clamps test specimen, can effectively avoid conventional fixture because clamping the unstable problem that causes coal sample damage or coal sample slippage, can effectively avoid again coal sample to cause stress to concentrate, affect the failure position of coal sample.
What 3, the present invention adopted is to clamp coal sample to add the method for clamping of fixed end, has effectively avoided the problem of the frangible and bonding difficulty of Rock and coal cutting in conventional tension test;
4, the globe joint in the present invention, can effectively avoid loading direction in drawing process to depart from the problem of coal sample central axis.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of ring-type wedge-shaped sleeve in the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the three-dimensional cutaway view of ring-type wedge-shaped sleeve in the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the closed schematic diagram of the tapered sleeve cylinder of upper card tapered sleeve in the present invention;
Fig. 5 is that in the present invention, coal sample is prepared schematic diagram.
In figure: 1. ring-type wedge-shaped sleeve 2. tapered sleeve cylinder 3. globe joint 4. coal samples 5. are isolated adhesive tape 6. strengthening agent 7. card 8. rubber sheet gasket 9. spring joint 10. blind bolt 11. set bolt 12. web joint 13. pad 14. fixed pin 15. cupping machine 16. engaging lugs.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further illustrated.
As shown in Figure 1, this joint coal petrography direct tensile test device comprises card tapered sleeve, globe joint 3, cupping machine 15, the two ends of coal sample 4 are locked by card tapered sleeve respectively, and each card tapered sleeve connects corresponding globe joint 3, and globe joint 3 connects cupping machine 15.After the two ends of coal sample 4 are locked by card tapered sleeve respectively, be connected with cupping machine 15 by globe joint 3, cupping machine 15 carries out tension test to coal sample 4 wherein, when test, ring-type wedge-shaped sleeve 1 is enclosed within to coal sample 4 ends, tapered sleeve cylinder 2 is installed again, and card 7 outside surfaces and tapered sleeve cylinder 2 inwalls agree with completely, when stretching, produce the pressure to card 7 by pulling force, be uniformly applied to coal sample 4 ends by card 7 again, to reach the object that clamps coal sample 4.
Card tapered sleeve is enclosed within by tapered sleeve cylinder 2 that ring-type wedge-shaped sleeve 1 is outer to be formed, consult shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 3, ring-type wedge-shaped sleeve 1 comprises 12 cards 7, spring joint 9, rubber sheet gasket 8, card 7 outside surfaces are circular arc, and the longitudinal section of card 7 is the right-angled trapezium at 9 ° of inclination angles, adjacent 7 ring-type wedge-shaped sleeves 1 that are connected to form from beginning to end successively by spring joint of card, card 7 inside surfaces have rubber sheet gasket 8, on rubber sheet gasket 8, have evenly distributed tiny projection, with increasing friction force, rubber sheet gasket 8 thickness are 5mm.When this experimental provision is not installed, ring-type wedge-shaped sleeve 1 internal diameter is slightly less than coal sample external diameter, can strut and clamp coal petrography end when installation; When test, strut ring-type wedge-shaped sleeve 1, be enclosed within the end of coal sample 4, whole ring-type wedge-shaped sleeve 1 outside surface can agree with completely with tapered sleeve cylinder 2 inside surfaces.
Tapered sleeve cylinder 2 is processed by high rigidity bloom, tapered sleeve cylinder 2 inside surfaces are taper, pitch angle is 9 °, identical with card 7 outside surface taperings, can agree with completely with card 7 outside surfaces, tapered sleeve cylinder 2 can securely entangle ring-type wedge-shaped sleeve 1, in the present invention, the card tapered sleeve at the two ends of coal sample 4 is respectively card tapered sleeve and lower card tapered sleeve, consult Fig. 4, the cylindrical body that the tapered sleeve cylinder 2 of upper card tapered sleeve is fixedly connected to form after fastening by two halfbodies, each halfbody is provided with engaging lug 16, after two halfbody make-ups, be fixedly connected with by six blind bolts 10 at engaging lug 16 places, each halfbody is provided with two set bolts 11 for being fixedly connected with the web joint of globe joint 3 in the large one end of internal diameter, when installing, test opens the tapered sleeve cylinder 2 of card tapered sleeve, be enclosed within on ring-type wedge-shaped sleeve 1, sealed by six blind bolts 10 again, the tapered sleeve cylinder 2 of lower card tapered sleeve is all-in-one-piece, tapered sleeve cylinder 2 is provided with four set bolts 11 for being fixedly connected with the web joint 12 of globe joint 3 in the large one end of internal diameter, when test, be directly enclosed within on ring-type wedge-shaped sleeve 1, when bolt is installed, four fixing spiral shells are through four screws on globe joint 3 web joints 12, fixed by nut again, on each set bolt 11, have the pad 13 of consistency of thickness.
Globe joint 3 is the improvement of general spherical shape joint, and globe joint 3 inside are added with steel ball, and globe joint can gyration be 7 °, rotates flexibility ratio to increase globe joint; Web joint 12 and the joint pin that is provided with fixed pin have been welded respectively at globe joint two ends, be that globe joint 3 one end arrange web joint 12, on web joint 12, there are four screws, globe joint 3 other ends are joint pin, the top of joint pin has axial central recess, central recess is rectangular channel, and two sidewalls of central recess have pin-and-hole, and globe joint is fixedly connected with fixed pin 14 by central recess with cupping machine.When installation, web joint 12 is connected with four set bolts 11 of tapered sleeve cylinder 2 one end, and globe joint 3 other ends are to be connected with cupping machine 15, when test, pin-and-hole on globe joint 3 joint pins is aimed at the pin-and-hole of cupping machine 15, then connected with fixed pin 14.
Above-mentioned joint coal petrography direct tensile test device carries out stretching test method and comprises coal sample preparation and two parts of tension test, adopt reinforcement of coal and rock agent to increase the compressive strength at coal sample two ends, avoid conventional clip tension test to be caught broken the problem of coal sample, adopt card taper sleeve type structure, make coal sample stressed even in test, avoid because stress is concentrated the experiment abberation that causes to obtain, globe joint is installed at device two ends, can avoid testing time, loading direction departs from the problem of coal sample central axis, form the direct tensile test method of a kind of applicable joint coal petrography with this, taking the cylinder coal sample of Φ 50mm as example, concrete steps are as follows:
1, coal sample preparation
A, employing coring device drill through diameter 50mm, length is no less than the cylindrical coal sample 4 of 200mm, two ends are cut smooth with rock slicer slightly, by clean ickings clean, measure a section of 100mm in the middle of coal sample 4 with rule, with isolating adhesive plaster 5, this section is swathed to consolidation, two ends respectively reserve the distance that is no less than 45mm, consult Fig. 5.
B, in container, add the mining coal and rock strengthening agent 6 of the 6cm degree of depth, stir, reinforcement of coal and rock agent is the agent of mining dual liquid type reinforcement of coal and rock, is mixed with 1:1 ratio by resin and catalyzer, compressive strength reaches 60MPa, the coal sample 4 that is tied with isolation adhesive plaster 5 is vertically put into, coal sample 4 exposed parts are immersed in strengthening agent 6 after 2-5 minute completely, take out coal sample, again the other end is immersed in strengthening agent 6 after 2-5 minute, take out coal sample 4, wiped clean, is put into shady and cool place and leaves standstill.
C, after the strengthening agent 6 at coal sample 4 two ends solidifies completely, by clean the polishing of residual coal sample 4 two ends curing material, remove isolation adhesive plaster 5 with fine sandpaper, wipe chip.
2, tension test
A, ring-type wedge-shaped sleeve 1 is strutted, be enclosed within one end of the coal sample 4 preparing, adjust trapezoidal card 7 positions, fitted fully with coal sample 4 in its inner side.
B, by bottom tapered sleeve cylinder 2 through coal sample 4, be enclosed within on ring-type wedge-shaped sleeve 1, the set bolt on tapered sleeve cylinder 2 11 is docked to stubborn good hold-down nut with the web joint 12 on globe joint 3.
C, coal sample 4 other ends are put to ring-type wedge-shaped sleeve 1, then top tapered sleeve cylinder 2 is opened, be enclosed within on ring-type wedge-shaped sleeve 1, closed epicone sleeve 2 is also tightened blind bolt 10, docks and tighten set bolt 11 with the web joint 12 of another globe joint 3.
D, the position of adjusting cupping machine 15, be connected to coal sample 4 and fixture on cupping machine 15 with fixed pin 14, then applies pretightning force, starts to carry out direct tensile test, until coal sample is destroyed.

Claims (6)

1. a joint coal petrography direct tensile test device, it is characterized in that: this joint coal petrography direct tensile test device comprises card tapered sleeve, globe joint (3), cupping machine (15), the two ends of coal sample (4) are locked by card tapered sleeve respectively, each card tapered sleeve connects corresponding globe joint (3), and globe joint (3) connects cupping machine (15); Card tapered sleeve is enclosed within the outer formation of ring-type wedge-shaped sleeve (1) by tapered sleeve cylinder (2), ring-type wedge-shaped sleeve (1) comprises 12 cards (7), spring joint (9), rubber sheet gasket (8), between adjacent card (7), be connected to form ring-type wedge-shaped sleeve (1) by spring joint (9) successively head and the tail, card (7) outside surface is circular arc, the longitudinal section of card (7) is trapezoidal, card (7) inside surface has rubber sheet gasket (8), has evenly distributed tiny projection on rubber sheet gasket (8); Tapered sleeve cylinder (2) inside surface is taper, agrees with completely with card (7) outside surface; Globe joint (3) one end arranges web joint (12), web joint has screw on (12), globe joint (3) other end is joint pin, the top of joint pin has axial central recess, central recess is rectangular channel, two sidewalls of central recess have pin-and-hole, and globe joint (3) is fixedly connected with fixed pin (14) by central recess with cupping machine (15).
2. coal petrography direct tensile test device in joint according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the card tapered sleeve at the two ends of described coal sample is respectively card tapered sleeve and lower card tapered sleeve, the cylindrical body that the tapered sleeve cylinder (2) of upper card tapered sleeve is fixedly connected to form after fastening by two halfbodies, each halfbody is provided with engaging lug (16), after two halfbody make-ups, locate to be fixedly connected with by blind bolt (10) at engaging lug (16), each halfbody is provided with the set bolt (11) for being fixedly connected with the web joint (12) of globe joint in the large one end of internal diameter; The tapered sleeve cylinder (2) of lower card tapered sleeve is all-in-one-piece, and tapered sleeve cylinder (2) is provided with the set bolt (11) for being fixedly connected with the web joint (12) of globe joint in the large one end of internal diameter.
3. coal petrography direct tensile test device in joint according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described globe joint (3) inside is added with steel ball, and globe joint (3) can gyration be 7 °.
4. coal petrography direct tensile test device in joint according to claim 3, is characterized in that: rubber sheet gasket (8) thickness of described card (7) inside surface is 5mm.
5. a test method case for the joint coal petrography direct tensile test device described in claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, is characterized in that:
One, coal sample preparation:
A, employing joint coal petrography coring device drill through diameter 50mm, length is no less than the cylinder coal sample (4) of 200mm, and two ends are cut smooth slightly, by clean ickings clean, swathe sealing with isolating adhesive tape (5) by one section of 100mm in the middle of coal sample, two ends reserve equal length;
B, in bulge, add the mining reinforcement of coal and rock agent (6) of the 60mm degree of depth, stir, coal sample (4) is vertically put into, coal sample exposed part is immersed in strengthening agent after 2-5 minute completely, takes out coal sample (4), remove residual strengthening agent, again the other end is immersed in strengthening agent after 2-5 minute, take out coal sample (4), wiped clean, is put into shady and cool place and leaves standstill;
C, after strengthening agent solidifies completely, will seal adhesive plaster (5) and remove, by clean the polishing of unnecessary coal sample two ends curing strengthening agent, wipe chip with fine sandpaper;
Two, tension test:
A, the ring-type wedge-shaped sleeve (1) of lower card tapered sleeve is strutted, be enclosed within the lower end that coal sample (4) is reinforced, suitably adjust the position of every card (7), the rubber sheet gasket (8) of its inner side and coal sample (4) are fully fitted;
B, by the tapered sleeve jacket casing of lower card tapered sleeve outside the ring-type wedge-shaped sleeve (1) of coal sample lower end, this tapered sleeve cylinder is connected with the web joint (12) on corresponding globe joint, twist good hold-down nut;
C, the ring-type wedge-shaped sleeve of upper card tapered sleeve is strutted to the upper end that is enclosed within coal sample (4), adjust behind card (7) position, the tapered sleeve cylinder of upper card tapered sleeve is opened, to being buckled in outside the ring-type wedge-shaped sleeve of coal sample upper end, tighten blind bolt, the tapered sleeve cylinder (2) after make-up is connected and is fixed with corresponding globe joint (3);
The position of d, adjustment cupping machine (15), utilizes respectively fixed pin (14) to be connected with this cupping machine (15) two globe joints (3), then applies pretightning force, starts to carry out direct tensile test, until coal sample is destroyed.
6. the test method of coal petrography direct tensile test device in joint according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described reinforcement of coal and rock agent is the agent of mining dual liquid type reinforcement of coal and rock, is mixed with 1:1 ratio by resin and catalyzer, and compressive strength reaches 60Mpa.
CN201410383306.XA 2014-08-06 2014-08-06 A kind of joint coal petrography direct tensile test device and test method Expired - Fee Related CN104111197B (en)

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CN107727568A (en) * 2017-11-01 2018-02-23 中国石油大学(北京) Rock frictional test tests clamping device and leveling method
CN108489788A (en) * 2018-06-29 2018-09-04 西安科技大学 A kind of portable cutting machine for making coal petrography Mechanics Performance Testing test specimen

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CN107727568A (en) * 2017-11-01 2018-02-23 中国石油大学(北京) Rock frictional test tests clamping device and leveling method
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