CN104108844A - Method of preparing fuels by municipal sludge - Google Patents
Method of preparing fuels by municipal sludge Download PDFInfo
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- CN104108844A CN104108844A CN201410383217.5A CN201410383217A CN104108844A CN 104108844 A CN104108844 A CN 104108844A CN 201410383217 A CN201410383217 A CN 201410383217A CN 104108844 A CN104108844 A CN 104108844A
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- mud
- lime powder
- fuel
- sludge
- municipal sludge
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method of preparing fuels by municipal sludge. The method comprises the following steps: 1) acidifying the sludge; 2) removing heavy metals; 3) reducing the moisture content of the sludge; 4) adding lime powder; 5) mechanically dehydrating; and 6) preparing fuels and the like. Heavy metals in the fuels obtained by the sludge treatment method disclosed by the invention are greatly reduced, so that the environmental pollution caused by the heavy metals is reduced. The heat values of the prepared fuels are over 8000KJ/Kg, so that the fuels can be used as high quality fuels.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of Environment Protection, relate in particular to a kind of method of preparing fuel with municipal sludge.
Background technology
municipal sludge is the solid sediment producing in sewage treatment process, and its water ratio is higher, contains the materials such as large amount of organic, pathogenic agent, inorganic particle, colloid, heavy metal element simultaneously.Therefore, municipal sludge is larger on the impact of environment, must carry out appropriate processing to municipal sludge.In order to solve preferably sludge disposal problem, scientific research personnel has carried out a large amount of research and practice both at home and abroad.
The treatment process of municipal sludge mainly contains following several at present: one: burning and burying method, first municipal sludge rubbish is carried out to burning disposal, and then carry out landfill disposal; When this method is burned, energy consumption is huge, and the smoke contamination air of generation, and take a large amount of soils during landfill is especially inapplicable under the situation of shortage of land resource per capita in China.Its two: the recycling method of mud, mud and chemical fertilizer are made Chemical Mixed Fertilizer, mud feed processed and mud producing building material etc.; These methods all cannot effectively be removed the heavy metal in mud, easily cause secondary pollution.Therefore, open up an effective way of municipal sludge being carried out to innoxious, minimizing and recycling treatment, imperative.
For municipal sludge is carried out to innoxious, recycling treatment, the existing municipal sludge that adopts is prepared the effect that fuel reaches recycling treatment at present.As CN102827664A name is called < < sludge synthetic fuel and preparation method thereof > >, a kind of sludge synthetic fuel is disclosed, the mud that wherein contains 5 ~ 95wt%, all the other are ignition dope; The preparation method of sludge synthetic fuel is disclosed simultaneously: first mud dried or dried, mixing with ignition dope; Then products therefrom dried or dried, water ratio is down to below 10%, obtaining finished product fuel.Although solved the effect of the recycling treatment of mud, in the process of preparation, need to use ignition dope, the cost of fuel is higher; Mud dries rear direct use, and the pathogenic agent in mud, heavy metal etc. can not effectively be removed, and easily cause secondary pollution.So a kind of resource utilization, cost are low, non-secondary pollution with municipal sludge, to prepare fuel process be problem demanding prompt solution.
Summary of the invention
The above-mentioned technical problem existing for prior art, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of method of preparing fuel with municipal sludge, and it has resource utilization, and cost is low, the advantage of non-secondary pollution.
A method of preparing sludge fuel with municipal sludge, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
1) mud is dropped into acidification pool, with 2≤pH≤3 of mineral acid conditioning of mud;
2) in the mud after step 1) acidifying, add molysite, the Fe in the mud obtaining
3+concentration is 0.2 ~ 0.6g/L; Then stir 20 ~ 60min, then the mud obtaining is placed in to electrolyzer, electrolysis 3 ~ 6h under the voltage of 15.0 ~ 30.0V; After electrolysis completes, mud is carried out to centrifugal settling and collects solid matter, be the wet mud A of removal heavy metal;
3) wet mud A is placed in to airtight reactor, when in this closed reactor, wet mud A radially being stirred, axially stirs;
4) in the wet mud A in step 3), adding lime powder, obtain mud B, is 6.5 ~ 7.5 by adding the pH value of lime powder conditioning of mud B, and the interpolation number of times of described lime powder is more than 3 times, and add interval time is 2-5min at every turn;
5) mud B is carried out to mechanical dehydration, obtain mud C, water ratio≤80% of mud C;
6) mud C is delivered to sludge drying machine by self-conveyor feed, drying and other treatment at 105 ~ 160 ℃, drying time is 30min ~ 2h, controls the water ratio < 30% of the mud D obtaining, mud D is fuel.
In this programme, for controlling the addition of lime powder, the pH value of controlling mud in step 1) be more than or equal to 2 be less than or equal to 3, pH value conference affect the effect of removal heavy metal, the too small addition that can increase lime powder of pH value, the combustion efficacy of the fuel of the final preparation of impact.
In this programme, owing to containing the heavy metals such as lead, mercury, chromium, copper, step 2 in municipal sludge) in first in mud, add molysite, Fe
3+as oxygenant, can by mud, fail stripping heavy metal further oxidation out, there is redox reaction, its form with free ion is existed; Then mud is placed in to electrolyzer and carries out electrolysis, the heavy metal existing with free ion form is under the effect of electrolysis, and constantly to movable cathode, thereby the heavy metal that is reduced is out attached on negative electrode.By step 2) processing, can effectively remove the heavy metal in municipal sludge.
In this programme, step 4) is selected the pH value of lime powder conditioning of mud, be because lime powder can with mud in water occur there is thermopositive reaction, germ and microorganism in mud are further reduced, thereby further mud are carried out to harmless treatment.In theory, the lime powder that every interpolation is 1 kilogram approximately has the water of 0.32 kilogram to be generated calcium hydroxide, has produced the heat that can evaporate approximately 0.5 kg water simultaneously, can reduce to a certain extent the water ratio of mud.Also can there are a lot of follow-up reactions in the mud after simultaneously adding lime powder to process, such as calcium hydroxide and reacting of airborne carbonic acid gas etc., these reactions can further increase the solid content of mud.
In this programme, the mass transfer effect that strengthens mud-water-calcium oxide system is the key for the treatment of process of the present invention, for obtaining the product fuel that fuel value is good, must control the usage quantity of adding lime powder.Lime powder addition is excessive, can decompose the inanimate matter in mud, affects the combustion efficacy of mud.Therefore, the present invention, before lime powder adds, is placed in airtight reactor by wet mud A, when in this closed reactor, wet mud A radially being stirred, axially stirs, object is that wet mud granule is suspended in sludge system, reaches the effect that is similar to fluidized-bed.In lime powder adding procedure, adopt the mode of repeatedly adding lime powder on a small quantity, the lime powder adding can fully be reacted.In the present invention, preferably the addition of lime powder is more than 3 times, and the addition of lime powder is less than 5% of mud weight in reactor for the first time.
In the present invention, need the strict pH value of controlling wet mud, pH value conference affect the combustion efficacy of product.Reason is that lime powder add-on is excessive, makes mud be alkaline environment, can make the organic matter decomposition in mud, thereby reduce content organic in mud, affect combustion efficacy, and in lime powder, not containing organic matter, addition is excessive must cause content organic in mud to reduce.Therefore to control the pH of wet mud be 6.5 ~ 7.5 in the present invention, more further by mechanical dehydration, process, and the moisture in wet mud is down to below 80%; Finally by self-conveyor feed, be delivered to sludge drying machine, drying and other treatment at 105 ~ 160 ℃, is down to below 30% the water ratio of mud, obtains fuel.
As optimization, mineral acid described in step 1) is a kind of in hydrochloric acid, nitric acid or sulfuric acid.
In this programme, adopt mineral acid to carry out acidification to municipal sludge, the part heavy metal in mud can stripping under sour effect.
As optimization, electrolyzer described in step 1) is that anode is carbon dioxide process carbon electrode, the electrolyzer that negative electrode is the ferroelectric utmost point.
As optimization, step 2) described in molysite be FeCl
3or Fe
2(SO
4)
3.
In this programme, adopt FeCl
3or Fe
2(SO
4)
3as molysite, Fe
3+can there is on the one hand hydrolysis and produce H
+; As oxygenant, the heavy metal in mud is oxidized out on the other hand.
As optimization, the thermal source adopting during drying and other treatment described in step 4) is fume afterheat, waste hot steam etc.In this programme, using fume afterheat, waste hot steam as the thermal source of drying and other treatment, can reduce like this preparation cost of fuel.
As optimization, the content of the CaO of the lime powder that the present invention adds is greater than 90%.
As optimization, sludge drying machine described in step 6) comprises the indirect type drying equipments such as fluidized-bed desiccation machine, disc type desiccation machine, blades type drying machine.
As optimization, sludge drying machine described in step 5) has all been equipped with exhaust gas processing device.
As optimization, the granularity of the lime powder that the present invention adds is 60-120 order.In experiment, find, the granularity of the lime powder of interpolation should not cross be slightly also difficult for meticulous.Cross the speed of response slightly affecting after lime powder adds, and easily cause local lime powder residual.The meticulous flying dust that easily causes of lime powder, is unfavorable for interpolation and the transportation of lime powder, and affects environment.
Compared to existing technology, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1), by sludge of sewage treatment plant is carried out to pre-treatment, can make water ratio in mud significantly reduce, and effectively remove the heavy metal in wet mud, for precondition is created in the utilization of mud.
(2) utilizing power-plant flue gas waste heat to carry out mummification to pretreated mud, is a kind of eco-friendly green technology, has reduced the running cost of technological process.
(3) heavy metal content in mummification product is low, and thermal value is large, and calorific value is more than 8000KJ/Kg, is a kind of fuel of high-quality.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is process flow sheet of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.
The CaO content of the lime powder that following examples and comparative example are added is all more than 90%, and granularity is 60-120 order.
embodiment 1
Municipal sludge used is from the mud of Chongqing City sewage work concentration basin, and its water ratio is 95.8%, and its mummification at 105 ℃ is to its composition of constant weight post analysis, as shown in table 1.
Pending sludge heavy-metal content and the calorific value of table 1 embodiment 1
The municipal sludge of employing said components is prepared the method for sludge fuel, comprises the steps:
1) acidifying of mud: 500g mud is dropped into acidification pool, with the pH=2 of hydrochloric acid conditioning of mud;
2) removal heavy metal: add FeCl in the mud after step 1) acidifying
3, the Fe in the mud that makes to obtain
3+concentration is 0.3g/L; Then stir 22min, then the mud obtaining is placed in to electrolyzer, electrolysis 5h under the voltage of 18.0V; After electrolysis completes, mud is carried out to centrifugal settling and collects solid matter, be the wet mud of removal heavy metal; Wherein the anode of electrolyzer is carbon dioxide process carbon electrode, and negative electrode is the ferroelectric utmost point.
3) reduction moisture percentage in sewage sludge: by step 2) the wet mud of removal heavy metal is placed in airtight reactor, when in this closed reactor, wet mud A radially being stirred, axially stirs;
4) in step 3), adding lime powder, is 7.5 by adding the pH value of lime powder conditioning of mud B, and the interpolation number of times of described lime powder is 3 times, and add interval time is 20min at every turn, and the weight of adding for the first time lime powder is 5% of the mud weight that wets in reactor;
5) product step 4) being obtained carries out mechanical dehydration, and making the water ratio of the mud that obtains is 75.2%;
6) preparation of fuel: the mud after step 5) is processed is by being delivered to oar blade type sludge drying machine by self-conveyor feed, utilize power-plant flue gas waste heat drying and other treatment at 140 ℃, drying time is 1h, the water ratio of the mud that control obtains is 23.56%, obtain 1# fuel, its calorific value 8526KJ/Kg, the heavy metal composition analysis of fuel is as shown in table 2.
Heavy metal content after the sludge treatment of table 2 embodiment 1 and calorific value
As can be seen from the above table, than raw material municipal sludge, the present invention obtains the content of heavy metal in fuel and greatly reduces, and the fuel value of gained fuel is better.
comparative example 1
Adopt raw material and the step identical with above-described embodiment 1, in step 4), the pH value of adding lime powder conditioning of mud is 8, and all the other steps are identical with embodiment 1, and heavy metal content and the calorific value of the fuel obtaining are as shown in table 3.
The comparative example's of table 3 embodiment 1 heavy metal content and calorific value
With lime powder, sludge conditioning is extremely alkaline, due to the passivation of lime powder to heavy metal, although the heavy metal content of mud slightly reduces, lime powder addition is crossed the decline that conference causes fuel value, affects the combustionproperty of fuel.Therefore the present invention adds the pH value of controlling mud after lime powder and is preferably controlled at 7 left and right, considers the reasons such as error, and control pH value is less than or equal to 7.5.
embodiment 2
Municipal sludge used is from the mud of Chongqing City sewage work concentration basin, and its water ratio is 96.3%, and its mummification at 105 ℃ is to its composition of constant weight post analysis, as shown in table 4.
The heavy metal content of the pending mud of table 4 embodiment 2 and calorific value
The municipal sludge of employing said components is prepared the method for sludge fuel, comprises the steps:
1) acidifying of mud: mud is dropped into acidification pool, with the pH=3.0 of hydrochloric acid conditioning of mud;
2) removal heavy metal: add Fe in the mud after step 1) acidifying
2(SO
4)
3, the Fe in the mud that makes to obtain
3+concentration is 0.6g/L; Then stir 28min, then the mud obtaining is placed in to electrolyzer, electrolysis 3.5h under the voltage of 25.0V; After electrolysis completes, mud is carried out to centrifugal settling and collects solid matter, be the wet mud of removal heavy metal; Wherein the anode of electrolyzer is carbon dioxide process carbon electrode, and negative electrode is the ferroelectric utmost point.
3) reduction moisture percentage in sewage sludge: by step 2) the wet mud of removal heavy metal is placed in airtight reactor, when in this closed reactor, wet mud A radially being stirred, axially stirs;
4) in step 3), adding lime powder, is 7.5 by adding the pH value of lime powder conditioning of mud B, and the interpolation number of times of described lime powder is 5 times, and add interval time is 10min at every turn, and the weight of adding for the first time lime powder is 5% of the mud weight that wets in reactor;
Regulating its pH is 6.5; Then carry out mechanical dehydration, making the water ratio of the mud that obtains is 78%;
4) preparation of fuel: the mud after step 3) is processed is delivered to oar blade type sludge drying machine by self-conveyor feed, utilize power-plant flue gas waste heat drying and other treatment at 160 ℃, drying time is 40min, the water ratio of the mud that control obtains is 19.82%, obtain 2# fuel, its calorific value 8723KJ/Kg, the heavy metal composition analysis of fuel is as shown in table 5.
Heavy metal content after the sludge treatment of table 5 embodiment 2 and calorific value
As can be seen from the above table, than raw material municipal sludge, the present invention obtains the content of heavy metal in fuel and greatly reduces, and the fuel value of gained fuel is better.
comparative example 2
Adopt raw material and the step identical with above-described embodiment 2, in step 4), the pH value of adding lime powder conditioning of mud is 8, and all the other steps are identical with embodiment 2, and heavy metal content and the calorific value of the fuel obtaining are as shown in table 6.
The comparative example's of table 6 embodiment 2 heavy metal content and calorific value
By above experiment, can be learnt:
(1) the raw material municipal sludge of comparing, the heavy metal in resulting fuel has obtained great reduction, has reduced its pollution to environment;
(2) calorific value of prepared fuel is all more than 8000KJ/Kg, and the fuel that can be used as a kind of high-quality is used.
(3) alkaline environment can make the organic matter decomposition of mud, affects the fuel value of fuel.
Claims (6)
1. with municipal sludge, prepare a method for sludge fuel, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps;
1) mud is dropped into acidification pool, with 2≤pH≤3 of mineral acid conditioning of mud;
2) in the mud after step 1) acidifying, add molysite, the Fe in the mud obtaining
3+concentration is 0.2 ~ 0.6g/L; Then stir 20 ~ 60min, then the mud obtaining is placed in to electrolyzer, electrolysis 3 ~ 6h under the voltage of 15.0 ~ 30.0V; After electrolysis completes, mud is carried out to centrifugal settling and collects solid matter, be the wet mud A of removal heavy metal;
3) wet mud A is placed in to airtight reactor, when in this closed reactor, wet mud A radially being stirred, axially stirs;
4) in the wet mud A in step 3), adding lime powder, obtain mud B, is 6.5 ~ 7.5 by adding the pH value of lime powder conditioning of mud B, and the interpolation number of times of described lime powder is more than 3 times, and add interval time is 10-20min at every turn;
5) mud B is carried out to mechanical dehydration, obtain mud C, water ratio≤80% of mud C;
6) mud C is delivered to sludge drying machine by self-conveyor feed, drying and other treatment at 105 ~ 160 ℃, drying time is 30min ~ 2h, controls the water ratio < 30% of the mud D obtaining, mud D is fuel.
2. the method for preparing fuel with municipal sludge according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the granularity of lime powder described in step 3) is 60-120 order.
3. the method for preparing fuel with municipal sludge according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the content of the CaO of lime powder described in step 3) is greater than 90%.
4. the method for preparing fuel with municipal sludge according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the thermal source adopting during drying and other treatment described in step 6) is fume afterheat, waste hot steam.
5. the method for preparing fuel with municipal sludge according to claim 1, is characterized in that, sludge drying machine described in step 6) comprises the indirect type drying equipments such as fluidized-bed desiccation machine, disc type desiccation machine, blades type drying machine.
6. the method for preparing fuel with municipal sludge according to claim 1, is characterized in that, sludge drying machine described in step 5) has all been equipped with exhaust gas processing device.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105174676A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2015-12-23 | 沈阳建筑大学 | Electro-Fenton source sludge reduction method and system based on electrochemical sludge pretreatment |
| CN107265798A (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2017-10-20 | 山东毅康科技股份有限公司 | A kind of method for sludge treatment |
| CN107500497A (en) * | 2017-10-13 | 2017-12-22 | 国家电投集团远达水务有限公司 | The processing method and its system of black and odorous water sludge |
| CN108046560A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-05-18 | 安徽摩诃环保科技有限公司 | A kind of UV/Fe2(C2O4)3/H2O2Oxidation processes sludge processes |
| CN109628190A (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2019-04-16 | 赣州市净达生物新能源有限公司 | A kind of biomass solid fuel densification processing molding method |
| CN111085535A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-05-01 | 云南省环境科学研究院(中国昆明高原湖泊国际研究中心) | Method for determining addition amount of quicklime in organic contaminated soil treatment and treatment method of organic contaminated soil |
| CN112326712A (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2021-02-05 | 华能莱芜发电有限公司 | Method for detecting heat productivity of sludge |
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| CN103183459A (en) * | 2011-12-29 | 2013-07-03 | 厦门兴之星环保科技有限公司 | Method for removing heavy metal from sludge of sewage treatment works |
| CN103601353A (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2014-02-26 | 重庆远达水务有限公司 | Method for removing heavy metals in municipal sludge |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105174676A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2015-12-23 | 沈阳建筑大学 | Electro-Fenton source sludge reduction method and system based on electrochemical sludge pretreatment |
| CN105174676B (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2017-09-22 | 沈阳建筑大学 | Electric Fenton source sludge reduction method and system based on electrochemistry sludge pretreatment |
| CN107265798A (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2017-10-20 | 山东毅康科技股份有限公司 | A kind of method for sludge treatment |
| CN107500497A (en) * | 2017-10-13 | 2017-12-22 | 国家电投集团远达水务有限公司 | The processing method and its system of black and odorous water sludge |
| CN107500497B (en) * | 2017-10-13 | 2021-01-01 | 国家电投集团远达水务有限公司 | Treatment method and system for black and odorous water body sludge |
| CN108046560A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-05-18 | 安徽摩诃环保科技有限公司 | A kind of UV/Fe2(C2O4)3/H2O2Oxidation processes sludge processes |
| CN109628190A (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2019-04-16 | 赣州市净达生物新能源有限公司 | A kind of biomass solid fuel densification processing molding method |
| CN111085535A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-05-01 | 云南省环境科学研究院(中国昆明高原湖泊国际研究中心) | Method for determining addition amount of quicklime in organic contaminated soil treatment and treatment method of organic contaminated soil |
| CN112326712A (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2021-02-05 | 华能莱芜发电有限公司 | Method for detecting heat productivity of sludge |
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|---|---|
| CN104108844B (en) | 2015-11-18 |
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Address after: 400060 No. 9 Jiang Jiang Road, Nan'an District, Chongqing Patentee after: National electric investment group Yuanda water Co., Ltd. Address before: 400060 No. 9 Jiang Jiang Road, Nan'an District, Chongqing Patentee before: Chongqing Yuanda Water Service Co., Ltd. |
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