CN209968029U - Waste gas treatment system for recycling metal surface treatment waste - Google Patents
Waste gas treatment system for recycling metal surface treatment waste Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model provides a waste gas treatment system of metal surface treatment waste material utilization, wherein, the waste gas that metal surface treatment waste material utilization produced includes: sulfuric acid mist, dust, comburents, non-methane total hydrocarbons and the like, and the waste gas treatment system comprises a waste gas absorption device; an acid mist purification device; an adsorption device; a bag filter and a discharge device. The utility model discloses the diversification of the waste gas that the utilization process to the metal surface treatment waste material produced has set up corresponding treatment facility pertinence for each kind of waste gas homoenergetic is effectual to be adopted and corresponds the equipment processing, and the clearance is up to 90%, 99% even. The waste gas is discharged by combining with a discharge tower with the height of 15 meters, and the discharge parameters completely meet the execution standards without influencing the atmospheric environment.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a utilization field of metal surface treatment waste material especially relates to a waste gas treatment system of metal surface treatment waste material utilization.
Background
In the process of treating and processing metal surfaces in stainless steel enterprises and electroplating enterprises, the stainless steel pickling sludge contains nickel, chromium and iron, and the electroplating sludge contains metal elements such as nickel, copper, zinc, iron and the like, and belongs to hazardous wastes. On the other hand, metal elements such as nickel, chromium, copper, iron and the like in the sludge have higher industrial utilization value, and if the metal elements are not recycled, the metal elements mean huge waste of resources, so that the harmless treatment of the sludge is realized, the valuable metal elements in the sludge are recycled, and the realization of the comprehensive utilization of the sludge resource is not only the requirement of environmental protection, but also the requirement of social sustainable development for realizing circular economy.
However, in the process of recycling the above-mentioned metal surface treatment wastes, exhaust gases including acid mist, dust, combustion products, etc. are generated, and if not properly treated, they have a serious influence on the environment.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a waste gas treatment system for recycling metal surface treatment waste, so as to effectively remove waste gas generated during the recycling process of metal surface treatment waste.
In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a waste gas treatment system of metal surface treatment waste material utilization, the waste gas that metal surface treatment waste material utilization produced includes: a first sulfuric acid mist generated in the acid leaching section; the second sulfuric acid mist is generated in an electrodeposition working section, a back extraction working section, a nickel precipitation working section and an acid dissolution working section; first dust generated in a curing working section and a concrete brick production and batching working section; a first comburent generated by burning in a tunnel kiln of the curing section; preparing second dust generated by lime solution in the working sections of removing iron, chromium and copper; non-methane total hydrocarbons produced in the extraction section; and the exhaust gas treatment system includes:
the waste gas absorption device comprises a plurality of waste gas pipes, and each waste gas pipe is connected with an air draft device;
the acid mist purification device is connected with the waste gas absorption device, and the first sulfuric acid mist and the second sulfuric acid mist respectively enter the acid mist purification device through corresponding waste gas pipes to remove the sulfuric acid mist;
the adsorption device is connected with the waste gas absorption device, and the non-methane total hydrocarbons enter the adsorption device through corresponding waste gas pipes for treatment;
the bag type dust collector is connected with the waste gas absorption device, and the first comburent, the first dust and the second dust respectively enter the bag type dust collector through corresponding waste gas pipes for treatment; and
the discharging device comprises a plurality of discharging towers and a plurality of fans corresponding to the discharging towers, each discharging tower is connected to a corresponding adsorption outlet through the corresponding fan, each adsorption outlet is respectively corresponding to the waste gas outlets of different waste gas treatment devices, the first sulfuric acid mist and the second sulfuric acid mist enter the discharging device from the first waste gas outlet of the acid mist purification device after being treated by the acid mist purification device, the first combustion product, the first dust and the second layered sulfuric acid mist enter the discharging device from the second waste gas outlet of the bag type dust collector after being treated by the bag type dust collector, and the non-methane total hydrocarbon enters the discharging device from the third waste gas outlet of the adsorption device after being treated by the adsorption device; wherein the discharge tower is internally provided with a discharge cavity communicated with the corresponding adsorption outlet, the discharge cavity is internally provided with a gas detection sensor, a processing unit and a first valve for controlling the communication or cut-off of the discharge cavity, the discharge cavity is also communicated with a return pipe, the return pipe is internally provided with a second valve for controlling the communication or cut-off of the return pipe, and the end part of the return pipe is connected with the corresponding waste gas pipe; the gas detection sensor transmits the detected information to the processing unit, and the processing unit outputs signals to control the actuation of the first valve and the second valve.
As an optional technical scheme, the height of the discharge tower is 15 meters.
As an optional technical scheme, the equipment of the acid leaching section, the electrodeposition section, the stripping section, the nickel precipitation section and the acid dissolution section adopts a capping and sealing operation.
As an optional technical scheme, the waste gas generated by the resource utilization of the metal surface treatment waste also comprises a second combustion product generated by a natural gas boiler, and the second combustion product is discharged through the discharge tower after reaching the standard.
As an optional technical scheme, the resource utilization system of the metal surface treatment waste comprises:
stirring and size mixing section: mixing and stirring the metal surface treatment waste with water to prepare mixed slurry;
acid leaching section: mixing the mixed slurry with the waste acid, and stirring and leaching to form sulfate from metal ions such as iron, nickel, chromium and copper in the metal surface treatment waste;
a first filter pressing working section: carrying out first filter pressing on the pickle liquor formed after full acid leaching to form first filtrate and first filter residue;
water washing and a second filter pressing working section: washing the first filter residue with water, and carrying out secondary filter pressing on the washed first filter residue to form second filter residue;
a working section for removing iron, copper and chromium, namely adding a lime solution with the concentration of 15% into the first filtrate, adjusting the pH value of the first filtrate to gradually form an iron hydroxide precipitate, precipitating chromium hydroxide with a copper hydroxide precipitate to separate metal ions of iron, copper and chromium, and performing filter pressing on the product of removing iron, copper and chromium to separate a second filtrate and a third filter residue with the water content of 60%;
an evaporation section: evaporating and concentrating the second filtrate to form a third filtrate, wherein the content of nickel in the third filtrate is 25-30 g/l;
an extraction section: extracting chromium and copper from the third filtrate by using an extracting agent to obtain a first extraction liquid phase and a copper and chromium loaded organic phase, performing back extraction on the copper and chromium loaded organic phase by using 20% sulfuric acid to obtain a copper sulfate and chromium sulfate solution, and returning the copper sulfate and chromium sulfate solution to the iron, copper and chromium removal module for treatment;
filtering to remove oil and performing secondary concentration: removing oil from the first extraction liquid phase by activated carbon adsorption filtration to remove an extracting agent in the first extraction liquid phase to obtain a nickel sulfate solution, and performing secondary evaporation concentration on the nickel sulfate solution until the nickel content is 80-90 g/l;
and (3) an electrodeposition section: performing nickel electrodeposition on the nickel sulfate solution subjected to secondary concentration to obtain a nickel plate at a cathode, wherein the electrodeposition solution is the nickel sulfate solution subjected to secondary concentration; and
nickel precipitation and acid dissolution: when the nickel content in the electrodeposition liquid is 38-42g/l by electrodeposition, leading out the electrodeposition liquid, neutralizing the electrodeposition liquid by sodium carbonate to form nickel carbonate precipitate, evaporating, concentrating and crystallizing the solution after nickel precipitation to prepare sodium sulfate, wherein the nickel carbonate precipitate is dissolved by dilute sulfuric acid with the mass percent concentration of 40% and then recycled to the filtration oil removal and secondary concentration module;
material preparation and forming: mixing the second filter residue and the third filter residue, adding manganese dioxide, uniformly mixing, and pressing into a square-block-shaped sludge block by a forming machine;
a curing section: sending the sludge block into a tunnel kiln for firing, so that metal elements in the sludge block become stable metal oxides, forming covalent structures by iron, chromium and copper metal oxides under the action of high temperature, separating the covalent structures from calcium and silicon, and taking the fired brick out of the kiln after heat preservation and cooling to 80 ℃; and
a crushing and magnetic separation section: crushing the solidified brick blocks by a wet crushing method until the particle size is 40-50 mu m, adding water, mixing the slurry until the water content is 50%, and then carrying out magnetic separation treatment to obtain regenerated iron particles, wherein the tailings after the magnetic separation are used as production raw materials of other products after leaching experiments confirm that the concentrations of heavy metals of nickel and chromium are lower than the standard requirement of hazardous waste.
As an alternative solution, the metal surface treatment waste and the waste acid are both from the metal surface treatment industry and/or the electroplating industry.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses the waste gas's that the resource utilization process to the metal surface treatment wastes material produced diversification has set up different treatment facility for each kind of waste gas homoenergetic is effectual to be adopted and corresponds equipment and get rid of, for example the sulfuric acid mist adopts acid mist purifier to handle the back, and the clearance can reach 95%. After the dust is treated by the bag type dust collector, the dust removal rate can reach 99%. The first comburent (including sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxide, smoke and dust, a small amount of chromium and nickel) that the tunnel cave burning produced is in the process the utility model discloses a bag collector handles the back, and the dust clearance can reach 99%. Similarly, the total hydrocarbon of non-methane that the extraction workshop section produced is through the utility model discloses an activated carbon adsorption treatment back, and the clearance can reach 90%. The waste gas is discharged by combining with a discharge tower with the height of 15 meters, and the discharge parameters completely meet the execution standards without influencing the atmospheric environment.
The advantages and spirit of the present invention can be further understood by the following detailed description of the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a waste gas treatment system for recycling metal surface treatment waste according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a block diagram of a waste gas treatment system for recycling metal surface treatment waste according to the present invention. The utility model provides a waste gas treatment system of metal surface treatment waste material utilization, above-mentioned metal surface treatment waste material come from metal surface treatment trade or electroplating trade. Wherein the waste gas that metal surface treatment waste resource utilization produced includes: a first sulfuric acid mist generated in the acid leaching section; electrodeposition, back extraction, nickel precipitation and second sulfuric acid mist generated in an acid dissolution working section; first dust generated in a curing working section and a concrete brick production and batching working section; a first comburent generated by burning in a tunnel kiln of the curing section; preparing second dust generated by lime solution in the working sections of removing iron, chromium and copper; non-methane total hydrocarbons produced in the extraction section; and the exhaust gas treatment system includes: the system comprises an exhaust gas absorption device 1, an acid mist purification device 2, an adsorption device 3, a bag type dust collector 4 and a discharge device 5. Waste gas absorbing device 1 is used for absorbing the waste gas that comes from metal surface treatment waste resource utilization production, and waste gas absorbing device 1 includes a plurality of exhaust pipes 11, 12, 13, is connected with updraft ventilator on every exhaust pipe, and here updraft ventilator can be the fan. Acid mist purification device 2 is connected with exhaust gas absorption device 1, and first sulfuric acid fog and second sulfuric acid fog get into acid mist purification device 2 through the exhaust gas pipe 11 that corresponds respectively and carry out getting rid of sulfuric acid fog. The adsorption device 3 is connected with the waste gas absorption device 1, and non-methane total hydrocarbons enter the adsorption device through the corresponding waste gas pipe 12 for treatment. The bag type dust collector 4 is connected with the waste gas absorption device 1, the first combustion object, the first dust and the second dust respectively enter the bag type dust collector 4 through the corresponding waste gas pipes 13 for treatment, and each pollutant can also respectively correspond to one bag type dust collector and can be arranged according to actual use requirements.
The discharging device 5 comprises a plurality of discharging towers 51 and a plurality of fans corresponding to the plurality of discharging towers, each discharging tower 51 is connected to a corresponding adsorption outlet through a corresponding fan, each adsorption outlet is respectively corresponding to a waste gas outlet of a different waste gas treatment device, the first sulfuric acid mist and the second sulfuric acid mist enter the discharging device 5 from a first waste gas outlet of the acid mist purification device 2 after being treated by the acid mist purification device 2, the first comburent, the first dust and the second layered sulfuric acid mist enter the discharging device from a second waste gas outlet of the bag type dust collector 4 after being treated by the bag type dust collector 4, and the non-methane total hydrocarbon enters the discharging device 5 from a third waste gas outlet of the adsorption device 3 after being treated by the adsorption device 3; wherein, a discharge cavity communicated with the corresponding adsorption outlet is arranged in each discharge tower 51, a gas detection sensor 52, a processing unit 53 and a first valve 54 for controlling the communication or cut-off of the discharge cavity are arranged in the discharge cavity, a return pipe is also communicated with the discharge cavity, a second valve for controlling the communication or cut-off of the return pipe is arranged in the return pipe, the end part of the return pipe is connected with the corresponding waste gas pipe, namely, the waste gas which is detected to be unqualified can flow back to the corresponding waste gas processing device again for processing again; the gas detection sensor 52 transmits the detected information to the processing unit 53, and the processing unit 53 outputs signals to control the actuation of the first valve 54 and the second valve.
Wherein the height of the discharge tower is 15 meters.
And the acid leaching section and the electrodeposition, stripping, nickel precipitation and acid dissolution section adopt a capping and sealing operation.
In addition, the waste gas generated by the resource utilization of the metal surface treatment waste also comprises a second combustion product (comprising sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxide and smoke dust) generated by a natural gas boiler, and the second combustion product is discharged through the discharge tower after reaching the standard.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the treatment system for recycling metal surface treatment waste includes the following steps:
stirring and size mixing section: mixing and stirring the metal surface treatment waste with water to prepare mixed slurry; wherein the mass ratio of the metal surface treatment waste to water is 1: 1.5-1: 2, the water content of the mixed slurry is 75-85%, preferably, the water content of the mixed slurry is 80%, and the mass ratio of the metal surface treatment waste to the water is 1: 2;
acid leaching section: the method is used for mixing the mixed slurry with the waste acid, adjusting the pH value of the mixed solution of the mixed slurry and the waste acid to 1-2, and stirring and leaching for 3-5 hours to enable metal ions of iron, nickel, chromium and copper in the metal surface treatment waste to form sulfate, wherein the concentration of sulfuric acid in the waste acid is 15-18%, and the mass ratio of the mixed slurry to the waste acid is 2: 1-1.5: 1, preferably, the concentration of sulfuric acid in the waste acid is 15%, and the mass ratio of the mixed slurry to the waste acid is 2: 1;
a first filter pressing working section: the first filter pressing is carried out on the pickle liquor formed after full acid leaching to form a first filtrate and a first filter residue, wherein sulfate formed by metal ions of iron, nickel, chromium and copper is dissolved in the first filtrate, the iron, nickel, copper and chromium can be basically and completely dissolved into the solution, and only a small part of calcium sulfate enters the solution due to small solubility;
water washing and a second filter pressing working section: washing the first filter residue with water, and carrying out secondary filter pressing on the washed first filter residue to form second filter residue, wherein the water washing adopts reuse water, the filter residue washing water generated by the secondary filter pressing is reused to the stirring and size mixing module, and the water content of the second filter residue is 60%;
a working section for removing iron, copper and chromium, adding a lime solution with the concentration of 15% into the first filtrate, gradually adjusting the pH value of the first filtrate according to the requirement of the pH value of carbonate precipitates formed by different metal ions, specifically, for example, adjusting the pH value to 3.5-4 to form ferric hydroxide precipitates, adjusting the pH value to 4.5-5 to form chromium hydroxide precipitates, adjusting the pH value to 5-5.5 to form copper hydroxide precipitates and simultaneously form calcium sulfate precipitates, separating out metal ions of iron, copper and chromium, and performing filter pressing on a product for removing iron, copper and chromium to separate out a second filtrate and a third filter residue with the water content of 60%; in addition, dust generated in the lime solution preparation process is collected and processed by a bag type dust collector to reach the standard and then is discharged;
an evaporation section: evaporating and concentrating the second filtrate to form a third filtrate, wherein the content of nickel in the third filtrate is 25-30 g/l; and the steam generated by evaporation and concentration is condensed to form condensed wastewater W2 which is reused for production and is not discharged;
an extraction section: extracting chromium and copper from the third filtrate by using an extracting agent to obtain a first extraction liquid phase and a copper and chromium loaded organic phase, performing back extraction on the copper and chromium loaded organic phase by using 20% sulfuric acid to obtain a copper sulfate and chromium sulfate solution, and returning the copper sulfate and chromium sulfate solution to the iron, copper and chromium removal module for treatment; wherein, in the above-mentioned extraction edulcoration in-process, the extractant adopts P204, and this extractant adopts 260# solvent naphtha to allocate, and preferred, solvent naphtha: the extractant is 4: 1, the extraction is series multistage countercurrent extraction (25 stages) to extract chromium and copper in the third filtrate to the maximum extent, and standing and layering are carried out after the extraction reaches the end point, so that the extraction rate of copper and chromium can reach more than 90%. And aiming at organic waste gas G6 generated by volatilization of an extracting agent in an extraction section and a small amount of acid mist G7 generated in a back extraction section, the organic waste gas is collected and adsorbed by activated carbon and then discharged after reaching the standard, and the acid mist is collected and then treated by an acid mist spray tower and then discharged after reaching the standard;
filtering to remove oil and performing secondary concentration: removing oil from the first extraction liquid phase by activated carbon adsorption filtration to remove an extracting agent in the first extraction liquid phase to obtain a nickel sulfate solution, and performing secondary evaporation concentration on the nickel sulfate solution until the nickel content is 80-90 g/l; wherein, the condensed wastewater W2 formed by condensing the steam generated by evaporation and concentration in the step is reused for production and is not discharged;
and (3) an electrodeposition section: performing nickel electrodeposition on the nickel sulfate solution subjected to secondary concentration, wherein the electrodeposition adopts an anode diaphragm electrodeposition method, nickel is an anode, a titanium plate is a cathode, the electrodeposition is performed by adopting direct current, the bath voltage is 1.2-3.5V, the temperature is 60 ℃, the nickel plate is obtained at the cathode, oxygen is generated at the anode, and the anolyte is returned to the extraction impurity removal module, wherein the electrodeposition solution is the nickel sulfate solution subjected to secondary concentration; and
nickel precipitation and acid dissolution: when the nickel content in the electrodeposition liquid is 38-42g/l by electrodeposition, leading out the electrodeposition liquid, neutralizing the electrodeposition liquid by sodium carbonate to form nickel carbonate precipitate, evaporating, concentrating and crystallizing the solution after nickel precipitation to prepare sodium sulfate, wherein the nickel carbonate precipitate is dissolved by dilute sulfuric acid with the mass percent concentration of 40% and then recycled to the oil filtering and removing and secondary concentration working section;
material preparation and forming: mixing the second filter residue and the third filter residue, adding manganese dioxide, uniformly mixing, and pressing into a square-block-shaped sludge block by a forming machine; after the manganese dioxide is added, the mass ratio of manganese, chromium and iron in the mixture is 1: (4-5): 15; in addition, a small amount of dust is generated during feeding in the batching process, collected and processed by a bag type dust collector to reach the standard and then discharged;
a curing section: sending the sludge block into a tunnel kiln for firing, so that metal elements in the sludge block become stable metal oxides, forming covalent structures by iron, chromium and copper metal oxides under the action of high temperature, separating the covalent structures from calcium and silicon, and taking the fired brick out of the kiln after heat preservation and cooling to 80 ℃; specifically, the tunnel kiln body is divided into a preheating zone, a burning zone and a cooling zone, sludge blocks firstly enter the preheating zone, the temperature is gradually increased from 20-400 ℃ under the heating of waste heat air and hot flue gas of the burning zone, residual moisture is removed at the stage of 20-200 ℃, structural water is removed at the stage of 200-400 ℃, the dried and preheated sludge blocks are sintered in the burning zone, natural gas is used as fuel, a burner is directly inserted into the tunnel kiln, flame is directly combusted in the clearance of the sludge blocks, and the temperature is controlled at 1050-1100 ℃; the bricks after firing enter a cooling zone, and are directly cooled to 80 ℃ by externally-sent cold air and taken out of the kiln; wherein, the fuel combustion waste gas, smoke dust and dry waste gas in the solidification and sintering section are discharged together, and are treated by a bag type dust collector and then discharged after reaching the standard;
a crushing and magnetic separation section: crushing the cured brick by a wet crushing method until the particle size is 40-50 mu m, adding water, mixing the slurry until the water content is 50%, and then carrying out magnetic separation treatment, wherein the magnetic field intensity of the magnetic separation treatment is 2000-3000 gauss, preferably 2500 gauss, so as to obtain regenerated iron particles, and drying the regenerated iron particles for later use. The crushing and magnetic separation adopt wet methods, so that dust is not generated basically. And leaching experiments prove that the concentration of heavy metals such as nickel and chromium in tailings after magnetic separation is lower than the standard requirement of hazardous wastes. The concrete brick production module is used for mixing cement, yellow sand, stone chips and the tailings according to the weight ratio of 0.8-1.5: 1.5-2.5: 3-4: and (3) proportioning according to the mass ratio of 2.5-3.5, fully stirring, feeding into a concrete brick forming machine for forming, and curing the formed concrete brick to obtain a concrete brick finished product.
The metal surface treatment waste and the waste acid come from the metal surface treatment industry and/or the electroplating industry. The metal surface treatment waste comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 2.5-3.7% of Ni, 2.8-4.1% of Cr, 5.3-7.8% of Fe, 3.8-5.8% of SiO, 18.8-26.5% of Ca, 0.8-1.2% of Cu, 45-62% of water and 4.0-5.9% of the rest; the waste acid comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 3.62-5.4 g/l of Ni, 4.4-6.6 g/l of Cr, 38.9-58.44 g/l of Fe, 0.08-0.12 g/l of Cu, 150-180 g/l of sulfuric acid and 3.68-5.52 g/l of other metals. And preferably, the metal surface treatment waste comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 3.1% of Ni, 3.5% of Cr, 6.5% of Fe, 4.8% of SiO, 22.2% of Ca, 1.0% of Cu1, 54% of water and 4.9% of the rest; the waste acid comprises the following components in percentage by weight: ni 4.52g/l, Cr 5.5g/l, Fe 48.7g/l, Cu 0.1g/l, sulfuric acid 150g/l, other metals 4.6 g/l.
The following description will be given with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
In the embodiment, the treatment steps for resource utilization of the metal surface treatment waste are as follows:
step S11, stirring and size mixing: putting the metal surface treatment waste into a stirrer, synchronously adding water and stirring to prepare mixed slurry, wherein the mass ratio of the metal surface treatment waste to the water is 1: 1.5, and the water content of the mixed slurry is 75 percent; in addition, the metal surface treatment waste comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 3.1 percent of Ni, 3.5 percent of Cr, 6.5 percent of Fe, 4.8 percent of SiOx, 22.2 percent of Ca, 1.0 percent of Cu, 54 percent of water and 4.9 percent of others; the waste acid comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 4.52g/l of Ni, 5.5g/l of Cr, 48.7g/l of Fe, 0.1g/l of Cu, 150g/l of sulfuric acid and 4.6g/l of other metals;
step S12, acid leaching: according to the mass ratio of the mixed slurry to the waste acid of 2: synchronously pumping the mixed slurry and the waste acid into an acid leaching tank, adjusting the pH value of the mixed solution of the mixed slurry and the waste acid to 1-2, and leaching for 3-5 hours under stirring to enable metal ions of iron, nickel, chromium and copper in the metal surface treatment waste to form sulfate, wherein the concentration of sulfuric acid in the waste acid is 15%;
step S13, first pressure filtration: inputting the pickle liquor formed after the full acid leaching in the step S12 into a plate-and-frame filter press for filter pressing to form first filtrate and first filter residue, and dissolving sulfate formed by metal ions of iron, nickel, chromium and copper in the first filtrate; and
step S14, water washing and secondary filter pressing: and washing the first filter residue with water, and performing filter pressing again by using a plate-and-frame filter press to form the second filter residue, wherein the water washing adopts reuse water, the residue washing water generated by the second filter pressing is reused in the step S11, and the water content of the second filter residue is 60%.
Step S21, removing iron, copper and chromium: adding a lime solution with the concentration of 15% into the first filtrate, gradually adjusting the pH value of the first filtrate, forming ferric hydroxide precipitate by iron ions when the pH value is 3.5-4, forming chromium hydroxide precipitate by chromium ions when the pH value is 4.5-5, forming copper hydroxide precipitate by copper ions when the pH value is 5-5.5, and simultaneously forming calcium sulfate precipitate, thereby separating out metal ions of iron, copper and chromium, and separating out a second filtrate and a second filter residue with the water content of 60% by a product of iron, copper and chromium removal through filter pressing;
step S31, evaporation: evaporating and concentrating the second filtrate by a three-effect evaporator to form a third filtrate, wherein the content of nickel in the third filtrate is 25 g/l;
step S41, extraction and impurity removal: extracting chromium and copper from the third filtrate by using an extracting agent, wherein the extracting agent adopts P204, the extracting agent is prepared by using No. 260 solvent oil, and the solvent oil: the extractant is 4: 1, performing series multistage countercurrent extraction (25 stages) to obtain a first extraction liquid phase and a copper and chromium loaded organic phase, performing back extraction on the copper and chromium loaded organic phase by using 20% sulfuric acid to obtain a copper sulfate and chromium sulfate solution, and returning the copper sulfate and chromium sulfate solution to the step S2 for treatment;
step S51, oil removal by filtration and secondary concentration: the first extraction liquid phase is adsorbed by activated carbon and filtered to remove the extractant in the first extraction liquid phase so as to obtain a nickel sulfate solution, and the nickel sulfate solution is subjected to secondary evaporation concentration by a triple-effect evaporator until the nickel content is 80 g/l;
step S61, electrodeposition: performing nickel electrodeposition on the nickel sulfate solution subjected to secondary concentration in the step S5, wherein the electrodeposition adopts an anode diaphragm electrodeposition method, nickel is used as an anode, a titanium plate is used as a cathode, the electrodeposition solution is the nickel sulfate solution subjected to secondary concentration, the electrodeposition is performed by adopting direct current, the bath voltage is 1.2-3.5V, the temperature is 60 ℃, the nickel plate is obtained at the cathode, oxygen is generated at the anode, and the anode solution returns to the step 5;
step S71, nickel precipitation and acid dissolution: when the nickel content in the electrodeposition liquid is 38g/l by electrodeposition, leading out the electrodeposition liquid, neutralizing the electrodeposition liquid by sodium carbonate to form nickel carbonate precipitate, dissolving the nickel carbonate precipitate by dilute sulfuric acid with the mass percent concentration of 40%, recycling the nickel carbonate precipitate to a secondary concentration section in the step 5, and evaporating, concentrating and crystallizing the solution after nickel precipitation by a triple-effect evaporator to obtain sodium sulfate;
step S32, batching and forming: adding manganese dioxide into the mixture of the first filter residue and the second filter residue, so that the mass ratio of manganese, chromium and iron in the mixture is 1: 4: 15, uniformly mixing, and pressing into square-block-shaped sludge blocks by a forming machine;
step S42, curing: sending the sludge blocks into a tunnel kiln for firing, wherein the sludge blocks firstly enter a preheating zone, gradually raising the temperature from 20-400 ℃ under the heating of waste heat air and hot flue gas of the firing zone, removing residual moisture at the stage of 20-200 ℃, removing structural water at the stage of 200-400 ℃, drying and preheating the sludge blocks, sintering the sludge blocks in the firing zone, taking natural gas as fuel, directly inserting a burner into the tunnel kiln, directly burning flame in the clearance of the sludge blocks, and controlling the temperature at 1050-1100 ℃; the bricks after firing enter a cooling zone, and are directly cooled to 80 ℃ by externally-sent cold air and taken out of the kiln;
step S52, crushing and magnetic separation: cooling the solidified bricks, adding water, crushing the bricks by a wet crushing method until the particle size is 40-50 mu m, adding water, mixing the slurry until the water content is 50%, and then carrying out magnetic separation treatment, wherein the magnetic field intensity of the magnetic separation treatment is 2000 gauss to obtain regenerated iron particles, and leaching experiments on tailings after the magnetic separation confirm that the concentration of heavy metals such as nickel and chromium is lower than the standard requirement of hazardous waste;
step S62, concrete brick production: mixing cement, yellow sand, stone chips and the tailings according to the weight ratio of 0.8: 2.5: 3: 3.5, fully stirring, feeding into a concrete brick forming machine for forming, and curing the formed concrete brick to obtain a concrete brick finished product.
TABLE 1 exhaust emission sources List
Please refer to table 1 above, table 1 is a list of exhaust emission sources generated during the recycling process of the metal surface treatment waste, and we can see that (first) sulfuric acid mist generated in the acid leaching section and (second) sulfuric acid mist generated in the electrodeposition, back extraction, nickel precipitation and acid dissolution section can reach a sulfuric acid mist removal rate of 95% after being treated by the acid mist purification device (such as alkali spray treatment) in the waste gas treatment system, and the emission parameters completely meet the execution standards. In addition, the second dust that the lime solution was prepared and is produced in (first) dust and deironing, chromium, the copper workshop section that solidification workshop section and concrete brick production batching workshop section produced is in the process the utility model discloses a bag collector in the exhaust-gas treatment system handles the back, and the dust clearance can reach 99%, and the emission parameter accords with the execution standard completely. The first comburent (including sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxide, smoke and dust, a small amount of chromium and nickel) that the tunnel cave burning produced is in the process the utility model discloses a bag collector handles the back, and the dust clearance can reach 99%, and the emission parameter accords with the execution standard completely. Equally, the total hydrocarbon of non-methane that the extraction workshop section produced is in the process the utility model discloses a back is handled in the active carbon adsorption, and the clearance can reach 90%, and the emission parameter accords with the execution standard completely, can not cause the influence to atmospheric environment.
The above detailed description of the preferred embodiments is intended to more clearly illustrate the features and spirit of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. On the contrary, it is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the scope of the claims appended hereto. The scope of the claims to be accorded the broadest interpretation in light of the foregoing description so as to encompass all possible variations and equivalent arrangements.
Claims (6)
1. A waste gas treatment system for recycling metal surface treatment waste, wherein the waste gas generated in the recycling of the metal surface treatment waste comprises: a first sulfuric acid mist generated in the acid leaching section; the second sulfuric acid mist is generated in an electrodeposition working section, a back extraction working section, a nickel precipitation working section and an acid dissolution working section; first dust generated in a curing working section and a concrete brick production and batching working section; a first comburent generated by burning in a tunnel kiln of the curing section; preparing second dust generated by lime solution in the working sections of removing iron, chromium and copper; non-methane total hydrocarbons produced in the extraction section; and the exhaust gas treatment system includes:
the waste gas absorption device comprises a plurality of waste gas pipes, and each waste gas pipe is connected with an air draft device;
the acid mist purification device is connected with the waste gas absorption device, and the first sulfuric acid mist and the second sulfuric acid mist respectively enter the acid mist purification device through corresponding waste gas pipes to remove the sulfuric acid mist;
the adsorption device is connected with the waste gas absorption device, and the non-methane total hydrocarbons enter the adsorption device through corresponding waste gas pipes for treatment;
the bag type dust collector is connected with the waste gas absorption device, and the first combustion object, the first dust and the second dust respectively enter the bag type dust collector through corresponding waste gas pipes for treatment; and
the discharging device comprises a plurality of discharging towers and a plurality of fans corresponding to the discharging towers, each discharging tower is connected to a corresponding adsorption outlet through the corresponding fan, each adsorption outlet is respectively corresponding to the waste gas outlets of different waste gas treatment devices, the first sulfuric acid mist and the second sulfuric acid mist enter the discharging device from the first waste gas outlet of the acid mist purification device after being treated by the acid mist purification device, the first combustion product, the first dust and the second layered sulfuric acid mist enter the discharging device from the second waste gas outlet of the bag type dust collector after being treated by the bag type dust collector, and the non-methane total hydrocarbon enters the discharging device from the third waste gas outlet of the adsorption device after being treated by the adsorption device; wherein the discharge tower is internally provided with a discharge cavity communicated with the corresponding adsorption outlet, the discharge cavity is internally provided with a gas detection sensor, a processing unit and a first valve for controlling the communication or cut-off of the discharge cavity, the discharge cavity is also communicated with a return pipe, the return pipe is internally provided with a second valve for controlling the communication or cut-off of the return pipe, and the end part of the return pipe is connected with the corresponding waste gas pipe; the gas detection sensor transmits the detected information to the processing unit, and the processing unit outputs signals to control the actuation of the first valve and the second valve.
2. The exhaust gas treatment system for recycling of metal surface treatment wastes according to claim 1, wherein the height of the discharge tower is 15 m.
3. The waste gas treatment system for recycling of metal surface treatment wastes according to claim 1, wherein the equipments of the acid leaching section, the electrodeposition section, the stripping section, the nickel precipitation and acid dissolution section are operated by capping and sealing.
4. The waste gas treatment system for recycling of metal surface treatment wastes according to claim 1, wherein the waste gas generated by recycling of metal surface treatment wastes further comprises a second combustible generated by a natural gas boiler, and the second combustible is discharged through the discharge tower after reaching the standards.
5. The exhaust gas treatment system for recycling metal surface treatment waste according to claim 1, wherein the system for recycling metal surface treatment waste comprises: the method comprises a stirring and size mixing working section, an acid leaching working section, a first filter pressing working section, a water washing and second filter pressing working section, an iron, copper and chromium removing working section, an evaporation working section, an extraction working section, a filtering and oil removing and secondary concentration working section, an electrodeposition working section, a nickel and acid precipitation working section, a batching and forming working section, a solidification working section and a crushing and magnetic separation working section.
6. The waste gas treatment system for recycling of metal surface treatment wastes according to claim 5, wherein the metal surface treatment wastes are from the metal surface treatment industry and/or the electroplating industry.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109432939A (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2019-03-08 | 泰州华昊废金属综合利用有限公司 | The exhaust treatment system that Treatment of Metal Surface waste resource recovery utilizes |
| CN114345090A (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2022-04-15 | 赵朋飞 | Novel environment-friendly industrial waste gas purifies device |
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2018
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109432939A (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2019-03-08 | 泰州华昊废金属综合利用有限公司 | The exhaust treatment system that Treatment of Metal Surface waste resource recovery utilizes |
| CN109432939B (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2024-01-16 | 泰州华昊废金属综合利用有限公司 | Waste gas treatment system for recycling metal surface treatment waste |
| CN114345090A (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2022-04-15 | 赵朋飞 | Novel environment-friendly industrial waste gas purifies device |
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