CN104101812B - Single-phase grounding fault detection and positioning method and system for low-current grounding power distribution network - Google Patents
Single-phase grounding fault detection and positioning method and system for low-current grounding power distribution network Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Power distribution networks of countries such as China and the like mainly adopt a low-current grounding method. Most faults of the low-current grounding power distribution networks are single-phase high-resistance grounding faults and low amplitude of transient capacitive current signals, short duration, and high detection difficulty are generated in a fault process so that an effective fault detection and positioning system is lacked. The invention discloses a fault detection and positioning method and system for a low-current grounding power distribution network. The system includes feeder line monitoring units, a communication terminal and a system master station. A feeder line monitoring unit wirelessly and synchronously triggers the other two phases to transmit data after a suspected grounding fault is detected. The system master station and the communication terminal adopt GPS time service. The communication terminal and the feeder line monitoring units carry out time hack through a time division multiplexing wireless communication network. The system master station collects three-phase feeder line monitoring unit data at a plurality of points through the communication terminal and detects and positions a grounding fault according to calculated zero-sequence voltage and zero-sequence current and issues a fault signal to feeder line monitoring units in front of a fault point on a fault phase so as to carry out fault indication.
Description
Technical field
Present invention relates generally to the fault detect of feeder automation part positions, especially for little electricity in power distribution automation
The method and system of stream ground connection distribution feeder phase-to-ground fault detection positioning.
Background technology
In power system, power supply is derived from power plant, and is sent to load side by high pressure or EHV transmission network, then
By electric pressure relatively low network, electric energy is assigned to the user of different electric pressures, this acting primarily as in power network distributes electricity
The network that can act on is known as distribution network, abbreviation power distribution network.In power system, power distribution network is impact customer power supply reliability
Short slab.The investment relative deficiency of power distribution network, automatization level is low, is a very weak link, countries in the world have this
Individual problem is more prominent in this problem Chinese.According to the statistics of 2009, deduct short of electricity factor, current Chinese user
Power off time more than 95% all caused by power distribution network.
The common fault of power distribution network mainly has short trouble and earth fault.Short trouble includes three-phase shortcircuit and two-phase is short
Road, earth fault common type is singlephase earth fault.For very ripe in the detection technique of short trouble, and for list
The detection of phase earth fault, especially for the singlephase earth fault of small current neutral grounding power distribution network, also lacks effective side at present
Method, is acknowledged as global problem.
China and some national power distribution networks mostly are small current neutral grounding power distribution network, and most faults are all single-phase earthing events
Barrier.Small current neutral grounding power distribution network major advantage is：Do not form short-circuit loop during singlephase earth fault, in system, only produce very little
Earth current, three-phase line voltage is still symmetrical, has no effect on the normal work of system.China Power code specifies, occurs single
During phase earth fault, small current neutral grounding power distribution network can continue to run with 1～2h by tape jam.The reliability of power supply so can be improved,
It is widely used.
But it is necessary to find Single-phase Ground Connection Failure as early as possible after generation singlephase earth fault, fix a breakdown.Otherwise it is grounded event
The overvoltage that barrier produces, can lead to the power system accidents such as electric cable explosion, voltage transformer pt burn, bus burns.Simultaneously
If ground path is as regular link longtime running, great hidden danger can be brought to local resident, safety of livestock.2010,
There is distribution overhead line single-phase high resistance ground longtime running in Hechi City, Guangxi, lead to the person to be got an electric shock and died accident.Such pernicious
Accident case happens occasionally, and has greatly threatened power grid security production.
The earthing mode of small current neutral grounding power distribution network is mainly earth-free and through grounding through arc.According to DL/T620-
1997《The overvoltage protection of alternating-current electric device and Insulation Coordination》, pure overhead transmission line or trolley line are mixed with cable with composition
10kV distribution, if capacitance current during earth fault is less than 10A, can with using earth-free mode, but when capacitance current is big
In 10A, it is necessary for installing arc suppression coil.
Power distribution network adopts isolated neutral or through grounding through arc mode, when there is singlephase earth fault,
Big fault current will not be produced on A, B, C three-phase, below divide both of these case to describe in detail：
1 power distribution network adopts isolated neutral mode
When power network neutral point N is earth-free, when in the phase in A, B, C three-phase, such as A phase, certain point is grounded, such as Fig. 1
Shown.In the fault initial period, the voltage of fault phase A phase is fallen rapidly, and the voltage of non-faulting phase B phase and C phase is incited somebody to action on rapid
Rise, neutral point voltage also rises rapidly, now distribution capacity will discharge over the ground rapidly A phase feeder line by earth point over the ground, B phase with
Distribution capacity will be charged over the ground rapidly C phase feeder line by earth point over the ground, one of short duration charge and discharge process of formation (10ms～
20ms), the larger transient state capacitance current of producing ratio.Subsequently system will enter stable state, and power supply passes through non-faulting distributed mutually electric capacity, connects
Place, produces a lasting stable state capacitance current.In the process, transient state capacitance current is much larger than stable state capacitance current.
The electric current of three-phase line is directly added it is possible to obtain the zero-sequence current of circuit.In the same manner, the voltage of three-phase line is straight
Connect addition, the residual voltage of circuit can be obtained.In this process, the zero-sequence current of faulty line is as shown in Figure 2.Ground connection event
Before barrier occurs, the zero-sequence current of circuit is very little, is approximately 0, when earth fault occurs, occurs that electric capacity charge and discharge first
Electric transient process, the larger high frequency transient capacitance current of producing ratio, subsequently maintain a main energetic concentrate on power frequency (50Hz or
Stable state capacitance current 60Hz).
2 power distribution networks adopt neutral by arc extinction coil grounding mode
When power network neutral point N is through grounding through arc, when in the phase in A, B, C three-phase, such as A phase, certain point connects
Ground, as shown in Figure 3.Similar with earth-free, in the fault initial period, the voltage of fault phase A phase is fallen rapidly, non-faulting phase B
Mutually will rise rapidly with the voltage of C phase, neutral point voltage also rises rapidly, and now distribution capacity will be by connecing over the ground for A phase feeder line
Discharge rapidly over the ground in place, distribution capacity will be charged rapidly over the ground by earth point over the ground for B phase and C phase feeder line, and formation one is short
Temporary charge and discharge process (10ms～20ms), the larger transient state capacitance current of producing ratio.Subsequently arc suppression coil L will produce one
Compensate electric current, compensate the stable state capacitance current that power supply passes through non-faulting distributed mutually electric capacity, earth point produces, subsequent system enters steady
State.Using neutral point N through grounding through arc mode, the stable state capacitance current on faulty line will become very little, will not produce
Life larger stable status zero-sequence current as shown in Figure 2, but the transient state capacitance current on faulty line is unaffected.
The singlephase earth fault particularly through grounding through arc power distribution network for the small current neutral grounding, when transient fault electric current continues
Between very short, stable fault currents very little, and count and show, the earth resistance of most singlephase earth faults is more than 800 Ω,
Belong to high resistance ground, such as through branch, through meadow, through the ground connection such as moist wall, transient fault electric current at this moment is also little, when continuing
Between again very short, only 10～20ms.Thus the detection of small current neutral grounding one-phase earthing failure in electric distribution network and positioning are it is recognized that be the world
Property a difficult problem, primarily now have following several for small current neutral grounding one-phase earthing failure in electric distribution network detection method and apparatus：
1 carries out small current line selection and its device in transformer station
Existing Small Electric Current Earthing And Routing Device, can select in the outlet of substation bus bar, and which bar circuit there occurs
Earth fault.Taking Fig. 1 and Fig. 3 as a example, substation bus bar has 2 outlets, and one is faulty line, and another is faulty line,
Small Electric Current Earthing And Routing Device, can select faulty line therein.
Small Electric Current Earthing And Routing Device passes through to gather the zero sequence electricity of the residual voltage and each branch line on substation bus bar
Stream, using residual voltage unexpected rising as earthing wire-selecting trigger condition, recycle the stable state of each branch line zero-sequence current
Information and transient information, select faulty line.Different according to its use information, it is segmented into stable state line selection apparatus and transient state route selection
Device.
Stable state line selection apparatus route selection foundation mainly has：
(1) the zero-sequence current amplitude of faulty line is maximum；
(2) the zero-sequence current phase place of faulty line and non-fault line are anti-phase；
(3) the zero sequence reactive power of faulty line is negative；
(4) zero sequence active power of faulty line is big；
(5) 5 subharmonic currents of faulty line are big and anti-phase with non-fault line；
(6) negative-sequence current of faulty line is big.
Transient state line selection apparatus route selection foundation mainly has：
(1) transient zero-sequence current when phase voltage reaches maximum of faulty line and non-fault line and voltage head half-wave
Amplitude is all different from phase place；
(2) the zero-sequence current transient information feature being extracted using other processing methods such as small echo, and coordinate artificial intelligence
As neutral net carries out the identification of faulty line and non-fault line.
The major defect of Small Electric Current Earthing And Routing Device is：
(1) transformer station existing PT and CT impact route selection reliability and accuracy are adopted
PT that must in parallel on bus as the bus residual voltage of Small Electric Current Earthing And Routing Device trigger
Obtain, the ferromagnetic resonance of PT can to route selection cause larger interference.
Because special zero sequence CT body amasss big, high cost, and need the installation that has a power failure, Small Electric Current Earthing And Routing Device obtains zero
Sequence electric current is frequently not to be obtained by special zero sequence CT, but is obtained with CT by the existing three-phase of transformer station or two-phase measurement.Preferable
CT, there is no the number of ampere turns numerically equal of excitation loss electric current, primary winding and secondary coil, once survey electric current and secondary
Survey current phase is identical and does not have phase offset., there is exciting current in the CT of practical application, thus primary winding and secondary coil
Number of ampere turns unequal, the phase place of primary current and secondary current also and differs.Therefore, actual CT generally has in phase place
Angular error and variation error, cause three-phase CT uneven, in the zero-sequence current being obtained by three-phase CT superposition, have uneven electricity
Flow, and actual zero-sequence current has error, affects route selection result.In addition traditional measurement CT, due to there being a magnetic core, the encouraging of magnetic core
Magnetic characteristic is nonlinear, electric current linearity when small current is to high current for the impact；And magnetic core, when electric current is big, can go out
Existing magnetic saturation problem, can lead to CT saturation, in actual applications, Medial ＆ Low Voltage Power Network occurs CT saturated phenomenon often, now cannot
Obtain correct zero-sequence current and carry out route selection；There is energy storage link and hysteresis element in magnetic core, this makes CT transient characterisitics bad, right
Current break follow bad it is difficult to accurately capture faint transient signal.
(2) position of earth fault can not be accurately positioned
Small current earthing wire-selecting can be only installed at power distribution network bus separated time, be only used for selecting occur earth fault point
Branch line, and the position that earth fault in branch line can not be positioned.
2 signal injection method and its device
Signal injection method coordinates fault detector can detect the permanent of the big earth current of positioning using Injection Signal source method
Earth fault.The principle of the method is：After transformer station detects residual voltage and significantly rises and continue for some time, zero sequence
Electric current is more than threshold value and continues for some time afterwards it can be determined that going out to there occurs earth fault, needs to put into arc suppression coil, now
Inject the fault-current signal of certain pattern, the fault detector before earth fault in the neutral point of main transformer
This signal is detected and to provide instruction, and the fault detector after earth fault all cannot detect this signal not
Meeting action, such that it is able to identify the position of earth fault generation.
As shown in figure 4, ground signalling source substation grounding transformer neutral point over the ground between access controlled resistive
Load (middle resistance, usually more than 100 ohm).During fault, under microcomputer control, on the neutral point of substation grounding transformer
The resistive load signal source of (no ground transformer constantly can be connected on bus neutral point) puts into automatically in short-term, thus in transformer station
Produce special little encoded signal electric current and live earth point between.Volume by the resistive load switching to ground signalling source
Code controls, and can produce the code current signal being superimposed upon on load current.Transformer station's outlet and line branch point are installed everywhere
Earth-fault indicator, auto-action instruction after this current signal is detected, reach the purpose of instruction fault.
Injection Signal source method has as a drawback that：
(1) need in transformer station's reload signal source, change system operation mode；
(2) signal source and other equipment need additional investment and construction, need to have a power failure in work progress；
(3) for earth fault more than 800 ohm for the common earth resistance it is impossible to produce sufficiently large encoded signal
Electric current makes fault detector action it is impossible to detect high resistance earthing fault；
(4) transient earthing fault cannot be detected.
3 are based on networking distribution detection terminal FTU Earth Fault Detection localization method
Based on networking FTU Earth Fault Detection localization method as shown in figure 5, the method is nearby pacified by switching on the line
Dress and supporting distribution detection terminal FTU of switch, to record three-phase current during fault, voltage waveform data, and data are sent out
Deliver to distribution automation main website to be analyzed, the switch section that the localization of faults is located.
Based on the major defect of networking FTU Earth Fault Detection localization method it is：
(1) need switch is installed, and switch internal is it is necessary to have CT and PT, switch and FTU investment are very huge；
(2) measurement CT defies capture small current transient signal, high current can saturation, three superimposed generate when zero sequence by
Larger error can be caused in three-phase imbalance, detection is difficult to high resistance ground；
(3) PT has ferromagnetic resonance problem；
(4) switch is installed and FTU needs line outage to construct；
(5) section between switch can only be navigated to it is impossible to accomplish more accurately to position；
(6) provide power supply extremely difficult for FTU on trolley line, affect it and install and normal work.
At present, small current neutral grounding system, particularly neutral by arc extinction coil grounding system, lack effective earth fault
Detection method and equipment, it is impossible to quickly detect out earth fault, indicate earthing position.A lot of power supply departments are still using bracing wire
Method etc. manually investigates legal position earth fault, and these method automaticities are very low, and performance difficulty, inefficiency are it is impossible to meet
Power system continues to improve the requirement of power supply reliability, the main difficulty just becoming and improving the quality of power supply, improving power supply reliability
One of.In order to improve small current neutral grounding distribution network reliability it is necessary to provide a kind of method and apparatus, in small current neutral grounding
After power distribution network occurs singlephase earth fault, whether low-impedance earthed system or high resistance ground, transient fault or permanent fault, all may be used
Effectively to be detected and to be indicated.
Content of the invention
The invention provides a kind of small current neutral grounding one-phase earthing failure in electric distribution network detection, the method and system of positioning.
According to one aspect of the present invention, the invention discloses a kind of inspection of small current neutral grounding one-phase earthing failure in electric distribution network
The method surveyed, position, it includes：
(1) on power distribution network three-phase feeder line install feeder line monitoring unit, feeder line monitoring unit from feeder line power taking and also take
Electrical power is controlled, and battery is as stand-by power supply；
(2) feeder line monitoring unit picks up each phase voltage signal by capacitive battery pressure sensor, by electronic current
Sensor picks up each phase current signal；
(3) each phase feeder line monitoring unit carries out baseband processing to the voltage signal of pickup, current signal, extracts transient state electricity
Pressure signal, current signal, and calculate transient voltage signal, the amplitude of current signal, mean value, differential value, integrated value and its group
Close, when the change of one or more of above-mentioned value exceedes threshold value, the doubtful earth fault of triggering is reported to the police；
(4), after the doubtful earth fault of fault phase feeder line monitoring unit triggering is reported to the police, triggered by wireless synchronization, notify in addition
Two-phase uploads voltage, current waveform data；
(5) time division multiplexing wireless communication time calibration in network and GPS time service is adopted to combine, when realizing accurate pair；
(6) pass through time-multiplexed cordless communication network, converge the electricity of each position three-phase feeder line monitoring unit of power distribution network
Pressure, current waveform data, calculate residual voltage, the zero-sequence current of each position；
(7) extract each position residual voltage, the steady-state signal of zero-sequence current, calculate characteristic value, including：Amplitude, average
Value, differential value, integrated value and combinations thereof, each position stable state zero sequence active power, zero sequence reactive power, calculate each position steady
State residual voltage, the similitude of zero sequence current signal waveform, according to faulty line and non-fault line stable state residual voltage, zero
Difference on sequence current characteristic number and waveform similarity, carries out the screening of faulty line and non-fault line；
(8) extract each position residual voltage, the transient signal of zero-sequence current, calculate characteristic value, including：Amplitude, average
Value, differential value, integrated value and combinations thereof, each position transient zero-sequence active power, zero sequence reactive power, calculate each position temporary
State residual voltage, the similitude of zero sequence current signal waveform, according to before and after earth fault in transient zero-sequence voltage, zero-sequence current
Difference in characteristic value and waveform similarity, to each position, each position on suspected malfunctions circuit particularly filtering out,
Preferentially judged, positioning both ground trouble point；
(9) orienting earth fault, combining geographic information system (GIS) shows earth fault on map,
Issue earth-fault signal to be indicated to feeder line monitoring unit simultaneously, be easy to artificial line walking positioning both ground fault.
According to one aspect of the present invention, the invention discloses a kind of inspection of small current neutral grounding one-phase earthing failure in electric distribution network
The system surveyed, position, it includes：
(1) system is made up of feeder line monitoring unit, communication terminal, system main website；
(2) feeder line monitoring unit is arranged on power distribution network three-phase feeder line, feeder line monitoring unit from feeder line power taking and also take
Electrical power is controlled, and as stand-by power supply, feeder line monitoring unit passes through capacitive battery pressure sensor pickup each phase voltage letter to battery
Number, each phase current signal is picked up by electronic type current sensor；
(3) each phase feeder line monitoring unit carries out baseband processing to the voltage signal of pickup, current signal, extracts transient state electricity
Pressure signal, current signal, and calculate transient voltage signal, the amplitude of current signal, mean value, differential value, integrated value and its group
Close, when the change of one or more of above-mentioned value exceedes threshold value, the doubtful earth fault of triggering is reported to the police；
(4), after the doubtful earth fault of fault phase feeder line monitoring unit triggering is reported to the police, triggered by wireless synchronization, notify in addition
Two-phase uploads voltage, current waveform data；
(5) adopt time-multiplexed communication composition between feeder line monitoring unit, communication terminal and system main website
Cordless communication network；
(6) communication terminal and system main website adopt GPS time service, and feeder line monitoring unit passes through time division multiplexing wireless communication net
Network, when carrying out network pair, when realizing accurate pair between feeder line monitoring unit, communication terminal and system main website；
(7) system main website platform software, by time-multiplexed cordless communication network, converges each position three-phase of power distribution network
The voltage of feeder line monitoring unit, current waveform data, calculate residual voltage, the zero-sequence current of each position；
(8) system main website platform software, from the residual voltage, zero-sequence current of each position calculating, extracts each
Position residual voltage, the steady-state signal of zero-sequence current, calculate characteristic value, including：Amplitude, mean value, differential value, integrated value and its
Combination, each position stable state zero sequence active power, zero sequence reactive power, calculate each position stable state residual voltage, zero-sequence current
The similitude of signal waveform, according to faulty line and non-fault line in stable state residual voltage, zero-sequence current characteristic value and waveform
Difference in similitude, carries out the screening of faulty line and non-fault line；
(9) system main website platform software, from the residual voltage, zero-sequence current of each position calculating, extracts each
Position residual voltage, the transient signal of zero-sequence current, calculate characteristic value, including：Amplitude, mean value, differential value, integrated value and its
Combination, each position transient zero-sequence active power, zero sequence reactive power, calculate each position transient zero-sequence voltage, zero-sequence current
The similitude of signal waveform, according to before and after earth fault in transient zero-sequence voltage, zero-sequence current characteristic value and waveform similarity
On difference, to each position, each position on suspected malfunctions circuit particularly filtering out, preferentially judged, positioning
Earth fault；
(10) system main website platform software is after orienting earth fault, can accept manually to carry out secondary check,
Determine final earth fault, earth fault is shown on GIS map, when simultaneity factor main website platform software passes through
Divide Multiplexing wireless communication network, issue earth-fault signal and indicated to feeder line monitoring unit, be easy to artificial line walking positioning and connect
Earth fault.
Brief description
Fig. 1 shows neutral point N earth-free one-phase earthing failure in electric distribution network electric current.
Fig. 2 shows faulty line zero-sequence current after singlephase earth fault generation.
Fig. 3 shows neutral point N through grounding through arc one-phase earthing failure in electric distribution network electric current.
Fig. 4 shows Injection Signal source method Earth Fault Detection principle.
Fig. 5 shows based on networking FTU earth-fault detecting method principle.
Fig. 6 A, Fig. 6 B, Fig. 6 C, Fig. 6 D show method of the present invention principle.Fig. 6 A shows generation singlephase earth fault
When, fault phase distribution feeder monitoring unit monitors short time voltage, electric current acute variation.Fig. 6 B shows fault phase power distribution network
After feeder line monitoring unit detects doubtful earth fault, other phase feeder line monitoring unit are triggered by wireless synchronization.Fig. 6 C shows
Three-phase distribution net feeder line monitoring unit passes through wireless communication transmissions voltage, current waveform data, by three-phase feeder line monitoring unit
Voltage, current waveform data converges to communication terminal, then is uploaded to system main website.Fig. 6 D shows, the platform of system main website
Software, after making Earth Fault Detection, issues the feeder line monitoring before earth-fault signal trouble point to distribution network failure phase
Unit is indicated.
Fig. 7 A, Fig. 7 B, Fig. 7 C show the wireless synchronization triggering mode of the present invention.B is triggered when Fig. 7 A is shown that A is identical
Phase, C phase；Fig. 7 B is shown that A phase first triggers B phase, and B phase triggers C phase again；Fig. 7 C is shown that A phase first triggers communication terminal, leads to
Letter terminal triggers B phase, C phase again.
Fig. 8 shows several system topologies that the present invention adopts.
Specific embodiment
Fig. 6 shows method of the present invention principle.
Fig. 6 A shows, after small current neutral grounding distribution feeder a certain mutually generation singlephase earth fault, in earth fault
In transient process, the both sides voltage and current of earth point it may occur that acute variation, produces abnormal temporary within a very short time
State voltage signal and current signal.Feeder line monitoring unit disclosed by the invention depends on from feeder line electricity getting device, and battery is made
For backup, described feeder line electricity getting device core is a magnetisable material with closed magnetic circuit, is split into two halves, and is located at equipment respectively
Top half and main body in, realize the tight closure of magnetic circuit by blocking mechanism, blocking device is by first half split axle
Case spring or other types elastic mechanism, damper and be located at top half in magnetic element by pressing spring or other
Types of resilient mechanism forms, and electricity getting device band Power Control can control from feeder line power taking power it is ensured that feeder line flows through small current
When just can get the power of work enough, feeder line flows through and saturation still will not can continue power taking during high current.The present invention is open
Feeder line monitoring unit use capacitive battery pressure sensor, be not in the ferromagnetic resonance problem of PT, can reliably pick up
Transient voltage signal.Feeder line monitoring unit disclosed by the invention uses electronic type current sensor, to the high precision of current measurement,
The linearity is good, and the measurement to small current and high current can have very high precision, and high current is unsaturated, and transient characterisitics are good, can
Reliably to pick up transient current signal.In small current neutral grounding one-phase earthing failure in electric distribution network transient process, fault matches
Electrical network feeder line monitoring unit passes through capacitive battery pressure sensor and electronic type current sensor, can monitor that transient voltage is believed
Number, transient current signal abnormal.
Fig. 6 B shows, after distribution network failure phase feeder line monitoring unit detects doubtful earth fault, by wireless synchronization
Trigger voltage, the current waveform data that the upload of other phase feeder line monitoring unit monitors.
Fig. 6 C shows, three-phase distribution net feeder line monitoring unit passes through wireless communication transmissions voltage, current waveform data, will
The voltage of three-phase feeder line monitoring unit, current waveform data converge to communication terminal it is also possible to by two-phase feeder line monitoring unit
Voltage, current waveform data converge to a three-phase feeder line monitoring unit phase therein, will by communication terminal or feeder line monitoring unit
Voltage, current waveform data upload to the platform software of system main website.
Fig. 6 D shows, the platform software of system main website carries out fault detect positioning, and issues fault-signal and carry out fault
Position instruction, specifically includes following process：
(1) obtaining the three-phase distribution net feeder line monitoring unit voltage of multiple positions, after current waveform data, Ke Yiji
The residual voltage of multiple positions that calculates, zero-sequence current waveform；
(2) system main website platform software, from the residual voltage, zero-sequence current of each position calculating, extracts each
Position residual voltage, the steady-state signal of zero-sequence current, calculate characteristic value, including：Amplitude, mean value, differential value, integrated value and its
Combination, each position stable state zero sequence active power, zero sequence reactive power, calculate each position stable state residual voltage, zero-sequence current
The similitude of signal waveform, according to faulty line and non-fault line in stable state residual voltage, zero-sequence current characteristic value and waveform
Difference in similitude, carries out the screening of faulty line and non-fault line；
(3) system main website platform software, from the residual voltage, zero-sequence current of each position calculating, extracts each
Position residual voltage, the transient signal of zero-sequence current, calculate characteristic value, including：Amplitude, mean value, differential value, integrated value and its
Combination, each position transient zero-sequence active power, zero sequence reactive power, calculate each position transient zero-sequence voltage, zero-sequence current
The similitude of signal waveform, according to before and after earth fault in transient zero-sequence voltage, zero-sequence current characteristic value and waveform similarity
On difference, to each position, each position on suspected malfunctions circuit particularly filtering out, preferentially judged, positioning
Earth fault；
(4) system main website platform software, after orienting earth fault, can accept manually to carry out secondary checking, really
Make final earth fault, earth fault is shown on GIS map, simultaneity factor main website platform software passes through the time-division
Multiplexing wireless communication network, issues earth-fault signal and is indicated to feeder line monitoring unit, is easy to artificial line walking positioning both ground
Fault.
After a certain phase feeder line monitoring unit monitors doubtful earth fault, need to notify rapidly to conduct electricity in other two-phase
Pressure, current waveform data, by three-phase voltage, current waveform data, obtain residual voltage and zero sequence current signal, enter traveling one
The earth fault of step judges.The wireless synchronization triggering device of feeder line monitoring unit proposed by the present invention, it is possible to use infrared ray, sound
Any one of sound, ultrasonic wave, magnetic field, electromagnetic field or combination, as trigger, send to other two-phase.Feeder line prison simultaneously
Survey unit wireless synchronous triggering device and can also receive wireless synchronization trigger.Wireless synchronization triggering pattern has several as follows：
(1) as shown in Figure 7 A it is assumed that A phase feeder line monitoring unit monitors doubtful earth fault, A phase feeder line monitoring unit is just
By wireless synchronization triggering device, wireless synchronization triggering B phase feeder line monitoring unit and C phase feeder line monitoring unit；
(2) as shown in Figure 7 B it is assumed that A phase feeder line monitoring unit monitors doubtful earth fault, A phase feeder line monitoring unit is just
By wireless synchronization triggering device, wireless synchronization triggers B phase feeder line monitoring unit, and subsequent B phase feeder line monitoring unit is wirelessly same again
Step triggering C phase feeder line monitoring unit；
(3) as seen in figure 7 c it is assumed that A phase feeder line monitoring unit monitors doubtful earth fault, A phase feeder line monitoring unit is just
By wireless synchronization triggering device, wireless synchronization triggers communication terminal, and the monitoring of wireless synchronization triggering B phase feeder line is single again for communication terminal
Unit and C phase feeder line monitoring unit.
Fig. 8 shows several system topologies that the present invention adopts.
The system topology that Fig. 8 A shows is：System is made up of feeder line monitoring unit, communication terminal, system main website, often
One communication terminal connects three-phase feeder line monitoring unit, adopts the time-division multiple between a communication terminal and three-phase feeder line monitoring unit
With communication, form cordless communication network, pass through between communication terminal and system main website GSM/GPRS, CDMA, WIFI,
Ethernet is communicated.System main website and communication terminal adopt GPS time service, when passing through between communication terminal and feeder line monitoring unit
The cordless communication network dividing multiplexing sets time, when finally realizing accurate pair in system.
The system topology that Fig. 8 B shows is：System is made up of feeder line monitoring unit, communication terminal, system main website, often
One communication terminal connects multigroup three-phase feeder line monitoring unit, and Fig. 8 B is shown that to be connected to two groups of three-phase feeder line monitoring unit,
Adopt time division multiplexing wireless communication mode between communication terminal and multigroup three-phase feeder line monitoring unit, form cordless communication network,
Communicated by GSM/GPRS, CDMA, WIFI, Ethernet between communication terminal and system main website.System main website and communication are eventually
End adopts GPS time service, is set time by time-multiplexed cordless communication network, between communication terminal and feeder line monitoring unit
When realizing accurate pair in system eventually.
The system topology that Fig. 8 C shows is：System is made up of feeder line monitoring unit, system main website, and three-phase feeder line is monitored
A phase such as B in unit also serves as communication terminal when identical, and other two-phase feeder line monitoring unit between using time division multiplex no
Line communication mode, form cordless communication network, simultaneously between this phase feeder line monitoring unit and system main website pass through GSM/GPRS,
CDMA, WIFI, Ethernet are communicated.System main website and be used for do communication terminal feeder line monitoring unit adopt GPS time service, use
To do to enter by time-multiplexed cordless communication network between the feeder line monitoring unit of communication terminal and other feeder line monitoring unit
During row pair, when finally realizing accurate pair in system.
The system topology that Fig. 8 D shows is：System is made up of feeder line monitoring unit, communication terminal, system main website, and three
Time division multiplexing wireless communication side is adopted between a phase in phase feeder line monitoring unit such as B phase, and other two-phase feeder line monitoring unit
Formula, forms cordless communication network, uses another one radio band simultaneously between this phase feeder line monitoring unit and communication terminal, adopts
Time division multiplexing wireless communication mode, forms cordless communication network, and each communication terminal connects multiple feeder line monitoring unit, Fig. 8 D
Be shown that to be connected to two feeder line monitoring unit, between communication terminal and system main website pass through GSM/GPRS, CDMA, WIFI,
Ethernet is communicated.System main website and communication terminal adopt GPS time service, when passing through between communication terminal and feeder line monitoring unit
The cordless communication network dividing multiplexing sets time, when finally realizing accurate pair in system.
System main website platform software, is converging voltage, the current waveform of each position three-phase feeder line monitoring unit of power distribution network
Data, can calculate residual voltage, the zero-sequence current of each position.System main website platform software, from each position calculating
In the residual voltage put, zero-sequence current, extract each position residual voltage, the steady-state signal of zero-sequence current, calculate characteristic value, bag
Include：Amplitude, mean value, differential value, integrated value and combinations thereof, each position stable state zero sequence active power, zero sequence reactive power, meter
Calculate each position stable state residual voltage, similitude of zero sequence current signal waveform, according to faulty line and non-fault line steady
Difference on state residual voltage, zero-sequence current characteristic value and waveform similarity, carries out the screening of faulty line and non-fault line.
System main website platform software, from the residual voltage, zero-sequence current of each position calculating, extracts each position
Residual voltage, the transient signal of zero-sequence current, calculate characteristic value, including：Amplitude, mean value, differential value, integrated value and its group
Close, each position transient zero-sequence active power, zero sequence reactive power, calculate each position transient zero-sequence voltage, zero-sequence current letter
The similitude of number waveform, according to before and after earth fault on transient zero-sequence voltage, zero-sequence current characteristic value and waveform similarity
Difference, to each position, each position on suspected malfunctions circuit particularly filtering out, preferentially judged, positioning connects
Earth fault point.
System main website platform software after orienting earth fault, can accept manually to carry out secondary check, determine
Go out final earth fault, earth fault is shown on GIS map, it is multiple that simultaneity factor main website platform software passes through the time-division
With cordless communication network, issue earth-fault signal and indicated to feeder line monitoring unit, be easy to artificial line walking positioning both ground event
Barrier.
The above, the only specific embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any
Those familiar with the art the invention discloses technical scope in, change or replacement can be readily occurred in, all should contain
Cover within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should described be defined by scope of the claims.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of method of small current neutral grounding one-phase earthing failure in electric distribution network detection, positioning is it is characterised in that include：
(1) feeder line monitoring unit, feeder line monitoring unit power taking and power taking work(from feeder line are installed on power distribution network three-phase feeder line
Rate is controlled, and battery is as stand-by power supply；
(2) feeder line monitoring unit picks up each phase voltage signal by capacitive battery pressure sensor, is sensed by electronic current
Device picks up each phase current signal；
(3) each phase feeder line monitoring unit carries out baseband processing to the voltage signal of pickup, current signal, extracts transient voltage letter
Number, current signal, and calculate transient voltage signal, the amplitude of current signal, mean value, differential value, integrated value and combinations thereof, when
The change of one or more of above-mentioned value exceedes threshold value, and the doubtful earth fault of triggering is reported to the police；
(4), after the doubtful earth fault of fault phase feeder line monitoring unit triggering is reported to the police, triggered by wireless synchronization, notify other two-phase
Upload voltage, current waveform data；
(5) time division multiplexing wireless communication time calibration in network and GPS time service is adopted to combine, when realizing accurate pair；
(6) pass through time-multiplexed cordless communication network, converge voltage, the electricity of each position three-phase feeder line monitoring unit of power distribution network
Stream Wave data, calculates residual voltage and the zero-sequence current of each position；
(7) extract the steady-state signal of each position residual voltage and zero-sequence current, calculate characteristic value, including：Amplitude, mean value,
Differential value, integrated value and combinations thereof, each position stable state zero sequence active power, zero sequence reactive power, calculate each position stable state
Residual voltage and the similitude of zero sequence current signal waveform, according to faulty line and non-fault line in stable state residual voltage and zero
Difference on sequence current characteristic number and waveform similarity, carries out the screening of faulty line and non-fault line；
(8) extract the transient signal of each position residual voltage and zero-sequence current, calculate characteristic value, including：Amplitude, mean value,
Differential value, integrated value and combinations thereof, each position transient zero-sequence active power, zero sequence reactive power, calculate each position transient state
Residual voltage and the similitude of zero sequence current signal waveform, according to before and after earth fault in transient zero-sequence voltage and zero-sequence current
Difference in characteristic value and waveform similarity, to each position on the suspected malfunctions circuit filtering out, is preferentially judged, fixed
Position earth fault；
(9) after orienting earth fault, combining geographic information system GIS shows earth fault on map, simultaneously
Issue earth-fault signal to be indicated to feeder line monitoring unit, be easy to artificial line walking positioning both ground fault.
2. the system of a kind of small current neutral grounding one-phase earthing failure in electric distribution network detection, positioning is it is characterised in that include：
(1) system is made up of feeder line monitoring unit, communication terminal, system main website；
(2) feeder line monitoring unit is arranged on power distribution network three-phase feeder line, feeder line monitoring unit power taking and power taking work(from feeder line
Rate is controlled, and battery picks up each phase voltage signal as stand-by power supply, feeder line monitoring unit by capacitive battery pressure sensor, leads to
Cross electronic type current sensor and pick up each phase current signal；
(3) each phase feeder line monitoring unit carries out baseband processing to the voltage signal of pickup, current signal, extracts transient voltage letter
Number, current signal, and calculate transient voltage signal, the amplitude of current signal, mean value, differential value, integrated value and combinations thereof, when
The change of one or more of above-mentioned value exceedes threshold value, and the doubtful earth fault of triggering is reported to the police；
(4), after the doubtful earth fault of fault phase feeder line monitoring unit triggering is reported to the police, triggered by wireless synchronization, notify other two-phase
Upload voltage, current waveform data；
(5) adopt time-multiplexed communication composition wireless between feeder line monitoring unit, communication terminal and system main website
Communication network；
(6) communication terminal and system main website adopt GPS time service, and feeder line monitoring unit passes through time division multiplexing wireless communication network, enters
During row network pair, when realizing accurate pair between feeder line monitoring unit, communication terminal and system main website；
(7) system main website platform software, by time-multiplexed cordless communication network, converges each position three-phase feeder line of power distribution network
The voltage of monitoring unit, current waveform data, calculate residual voltage and the zero-sequence current of each position；
(8) system main website platform software, from the residual voltage and zero-sequence current of each position calculating, extracts each position
Residual voltage and the steady-state signal of zero-sequence current, calculate characteristic value, including：Amplitude, mean value, differential value, integrated value and its group
Close, each position stable state zero sequence active power, zero sequence reactive power, calculate each position stable state residual voltage and zero-sequence current letter
The similitude of number waveform, according to faulty line and non-fault line in stable state residual voltage and zero-sequence current characteristic value and waveform phase
Like the difference in property, carry out the screening of faulty line and non-fault line；
(9) system main website platform software, from the residual voltage and zero-sequence current of each position calculating, extracts each position
Residual voltage and the transient signal of zero-sequence current, calculate characteristic value, including：Amplitude, mean value, differential value, integrated value and its group
Close, each position transient zero-sequence active power, zero sequence reactive power, calculate each position transient zero-sequence voltage and zero-sequence current letter
The similitude of number waveform, according to before and after earth fault on transient zero-sequence voltage and zero-sequence current characteristic value and waveform similarity
Difference, to each position on the suspected malfunctions circuit filtering out, preferentially judged, positioning both ground trouble point；
(10) system main website platform software is after orienting earth fault, accept manually to carry out secondary check, determine
Whole earth fault, shows earth fault in GIS map, and simultaneity factor main website platform software passes through time division multiplex no
Line communication network, issues earth-fault signal and is indicated to feeder line monitoring unit, is easy to artificial line walking positioning both ground fault.
3. system according to claim 2 it is characterised in that：Feeder line monitoring unit described in system is powered and is depended on
From the device of feeder line power taking, battery, as backup, electricity getting device band Power Control, can control the power from feeder line power taking, really
Protect feeder line and flow through the power that just can get work enough during small current, feeder line flows through and will not saturation still can continue during high current
Power taking.
4. system according to claim 2 it is characterised in that：Feeder line monitoring unit described in system uses capacitor voltage
Sensor pick-up voltage signal, electronic type current sensor picks up current signal, and electronic type current sensor is Wound-rotor type Roche
Coil or the board-like Luo-coil of printed circuit.
5. system according to claim 2 it is characterised in that：Feeder line monitoring unit described in system is producing doubtful ground connection
After fault alarm, by wireless synchronization triggering device trigger other two-phase, described wireless synchronization triggering device use infrared ray,
Any one of sound, ultrasonic wave, magnetic field, electromagnetic field or combination, as trigger, are conveyed directly to remaining two-phase, or
Be transferred first to an adjacent phase, again by the adjacent other phase delivered to according to legend in three-phase, or be transferred first to adjacent nothing
Line communication terminal device, remaining two-phase being sent to by communication terminal device again in three-phase, notify remaining two-phase to upload voltage, electricity
Stream Wave data, for calculating residual voltage and zero sequence current signal detection earth fault, wireless synchronization triggering device is also simultaneously
When can be synchronized between different devices pair.
6. system according to claim 2 it is characterised in that：System is by feeder line monitoring unit, communication terminal, system main website
Composition, each communication terminal connects one or more groups of three-phase feeder line monitoring unit, a communication terminal and the monitoring of three-phase feeder line
Adopt time division multiplexing wireless communication mode between unit, form cordless communication network, pass through between communication terminal and system main website
GSM/GPRS, CDMA, WIFI, Ethernet are communicated；Or, system is made up of feeder line monitoring unit, system main website, and three-phase is presented
In line monitoring unit one also serves as communication terminal when identical, and other two-phase feeder line monitoring unit between using time division multiplex no
Line communication mode, form cordless communication network, simultaneously between this phase feeder line monitoring unit and system main website pass through GSM/GPRS,
CDMA, WIFI, Ethernet are communicated；Or, system is made up of feeder line monitoring unit, communication terminal, system main website, and three-phase is presented
Time division multiplexing wireless communication mode is adopted, composition is no between a phase in line monitoring unit, and other two-phase feeder line monitoring unit
Line communication network, uses another one radio band, using time division multiplex between this phase feeder line monitoring unit and communication terminal simultaneously
Communication, forms cordless communication network, and each communication terminal connects multiple feeder line monitoring unit, communication terminal and be
Communicated by GSM/GPRS, CDMA, WIFI, Ethernet between system main website.
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310120519.9A CN104101812B (en) | 2013-04-09 | 2013-04-09 | Single-phase grounding fault detection and positioning method and system for low-current grounding power distribution network |
| EP14772927.1A EP2985613B1 (en) | 2013-03-29 | 2014-03-27 | Method and system for detecting and locating single-phase ground fault on low current grounded power-distribution network |
| RS20220345A RS63098B1 (en) | 2013-03-29 | 2014-03-27 | Method and system for detecting and locating single-phase ground fault on low current grounded power-distribution network |
| US14/774,123 US10222409B2 (en) | 2013-03-29 | 2014-03-27 | Method and system for detecting and locating single-phase ground fault on low current grounded power-distribution network |
| PCT/CN2014/074206 WO2014154164A1 (en) | 2013-03-29 | 2014-03-27 | Method and system for detecting and locating single-phase ground fault on low current grounded power-distribution network |
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| CN201310120519.9A CN104101812B (en) | 2013-04-09 | 2013-04-09 | Single-phase grounding fault detection and positioning method and system for low-current grounding power distribution network |
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