CN1040948C - 治疗小儿腹泻的药物 - Google Patents
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Abstract
治疗小儿腹泻的药物-腹康露,属于治疗小儿腹泻的药品。是由14味中药煎制而成的黄连合剂和口服补液盐共同配制的成药,采用保留灌肠治疗小儿腹泻,疗效显著,作用快,无副作用,使用方便,患儿无痛苦。价格低、易于推广使用,是治疗腹泻的最有效药物。
Description
本发明属于治疗腹泻的药物。
小儿腹泻是儿童时期发病率最高的疾病之一,为世界性公共卫生问题。根据世界卫生组织调查,全世界每年约有十亿五岁以下儿童患腹泻,其中约有500万儿童死于此病。在我国,腹泻同样是儿童的常见病。据有关资料统计,五岁以下儿童腹泻的年发病率为201%,平均每人每年患2.01次,其死亡率为0.51‰。由于发病率高,因此对儿童健康就造成了严重的威胁,也是小儿营养不良,发育障碍及死亡的重要原因之一。这一严重问题,引起了世界卫生组织的密切关注,并投入了一定的人力和资金,寻求有效的药物和治疗方案,目前较为有效的有:
1.对于细菌引起的感染性腹泻,一般选用抗菌素治疗,如庆大霉素,氟哌酸,复方新诺明等注射或口服。这种方法虽疗效较好,但对肝和肾功能有损伤,而且易引起耐药性,使肠道正常菌群紊乱和二重感染等副作用。
2.对于病毒性感染腹泻,目前尚无特效药物,一般治疗以补液为主,包括口服和静脉补液。另外,采用干扰素、微生态制剂、思密达治疗,也有一定的疗效。
本发明的目的是提供一种中西结合治疗小儿腹泻药——腹康露,这种药物疗效显著,无副作用。
本发明的要点是,腹康露是由黄连合剂和口服补液盐配制而成的溶液。具体配制为:取黄连50g、黄芩60g、白术90g、乌梅60g、金银花90g、泽泻60g、葛根90g、茯芩90g、车前子60g、党参90g、藿香90g、板兰根90g、炒薏仁90g、丹参60g共14味中药,加水3000ml煎煮30~60分钟,去渣沉淀过滤制成1000ml黄连合剂,再加入一个剂量的口服补液盐,混匀溶解后装瓶封闭,再进行灭菌处理,即制成腹康露药物。其中一个剂量的口服补液盐为葡萄糖20g、氯化钠3.5g、氯化钾1.5g、碳酸氢钠2.5g组成的。
使用本发明腹康露时,是在患儿排便后,用灌肠器把腹康露灌入直肠,然后挤捏肛门两侧的臂部5~10分钟,进行保留性灌肠,防止药物外流。也可口服使用。
剂量:每次每公斤体重2ml,一日三至四次,腹泻频繁者可每日五至六次。
实施例1:患儿李××,女,1岁。
主诉:吐泻一天,伴有发烧。
患儿三天前患感冒,一天前开始恶心呕吐,4次/日。呕吐物为胃内容物,大便12次/日,呈水样带少量粘液。
体格检查:体温38.5℃,脉搏135次/分,呼吸32次/分。患儿精神萎靡,软弱无力,皮肤弹性差,口唇干燥,眼眶及前囟凹陷明显,泪少,尿少。
实验室检查:大便细菌培养阴性,轮状病毒RNA聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳阳性。
诊断:轮状病毒性肠炎,中度脱水。
治疗:采用腹康露2ml/kg/次,保留灌肠,4次/日。并给口补液盐100ml/kg/日,口服补液。治疗第二天,脱水症状消失,呕吐停止,腹泻减少至4次/日。继续使用腹康露,剂量同前,3次/日。第三天,症状全部消失,腹泻停止,体内水电解质恢复正常,大便正常。腹泻全愈。
例2:患儿王××,男,2岁。
主诉:腹泻2天,伴有发热。
有吃不洁食物病史,2天前开始腹泻,5次/日,后加重8次/日,大便呈蛋花样,腥臭味,有粘液。
体格检查:体温38℃,脉搏110次/分,呼吸27次/分。患儿精神欠佳,皮肤弹性改变不明显,口略干燥,眼眶稍凹陷,哭有泪。
实验室检查:大便细菌培养,致泻性大肠杆菌阳性。
诊断:致泻性大肠杆菌肠炎,轻度脱水。
治疗:给患儿腹康露药物2ml/kg/次,3次/日,并给口服补液盐50ml/kg/日/。治疗第二天,症状消失,腹泻停止,体内水、电解质恢复正常,大便正常。腹泻全愈。
腹康露是中西医结合的药物。黄连合剂是在中医传统用药基础上筛选而成,其方剂符合中医学理论,它具有清热解毒,利水燥湿,健脾化食,行气止泻的作用,它通过调气而改善紊乱的肠道内环境,并调整肠粘膜细胞过度分泌,使体内水、电解质达到平衡。现代医学研究,方剂中的黄连、葛根、黄芩可以抑制肠分泌,提高机体免疫力,促进新生绒毛上发细胞功能成熟,使病程缩短。目前世界卫生组织推广的口服补液盐治疗轻度及中度脱水疗效显著。本发明系根据口服液盐的特点,采用黄连合剂相配伍,经临床观察,腹康露疗效显著。作用快,无副作用并可促使体内水、电解质迅速恢复,缩短病程,治愈率高。
为对比腹康露与常规疗法的疗效,对256例进行了临床观察,并分为治疗组和对照组进行对比。其临床表现:发烧168例,排便次数5~10次/日164例,10次/日以上92例。脱水程度:轻度186例,中度70例。实验室检查:粪便细菌培养,致泻大肠杆菌阳性126例,轮状病毒阳性56例,其他肠道菌72例。观察方法:病例随机分为治疗组128例,对照组128例,两组患儿平均年龄、入院时间、临床症状、型别、脱水程度基本上一致。治疗方法:治疗组采用腹康露灌肠,每次每公斤体重2ml,每日三次并配合口服补液盐。对照组采用抗生药物,口服补液盐或静脉补液,对症治疗,(病毒性腹泻未使用抗生药物)。疗效判定:症状消失、腹泻停止、体内水、电解质恢复正常,大便正常。结果:治疗组:128例全部治愈。对照组:128例中治愈88例,好转28例,无效12例。无效者改用腹康露灌肠后全部治愈。
本发明腹康露对治疗小儿腹泻具有疗效显著,作用快,无副作用,治愈率达98%以上。另外,使用腹康露可避免由抗菌素所产生的肠道正常菌群失调,耐药性与二重感染等不良作用。本发明采用了保留灌肠的用药方式,具有使用方便,也弥补了因患儿呕吐而不能口服给药的缺陷,而且患儿痛苦小。本发明价格低廉,城乡易于推广。
本发明特别适用于治疗小儿因致泻性大肠杆菌和病毒性感染所引起的腹泻。加大剂量,也可用于成年人的腹泻治疗。因此,本发明是一种当前急需的良药,具有很好的使用和推广价值。
Claims (1)
1.一种治疗小儿腹泻的药物,其特征在于:它是由黄连50g、黄芩60g、白术90g、乌梅60g、金银花90g、泽泻60g、葛根90g、茯苓90g、车前子60g、党参90g、藿香90g、板兰根90g、炒薏仁60g、丹参60g、加水3000ml煎煮30~60分钟,去渣沉淀过滤制取1000ml滤液,再加入一个剂量的由葡萄糖20g、氯化钠3.5g、氯化钾1.5g、碳酸氢钠2.5g组成的口服补液盐,混均溶解共同灭菌处理制成的药剂。
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CN1066063C (zh) * | 1998-07-08 | 2001-05-23 | 冉庆斌 | 一种治疗小儿腹泻的中药制剂 |
CN101190299B (zh) * | 2006-11-22 | 2011-08-03 | 北京中研同仁堂医药研发有限公司 | 一种治疗抗菌药物引起的相关性肠炎的药物及其制备方法 |
CN102652826B (zh) * | 2012-04-26 | 2014-01-01 | 刘湘 | 一种治疗小儿腹泻的中药颗粒及其制备方法 |
CN102688348B (zh) * | 2012-05-08 | 2015-04-29 | 安徽智远生物科技有限公司 | 一种治疗腹泻的中药及其制备方法 |
CN102727809B (zh) * | 2012-07-04 | 2014-03-12 | 许瑞琴 | 一种用于治疗小儿腹泻的中药 |
CN105770149A (zh) * | 2016-02-15 | 2016-07-20 | 赵桂增 | 一种治疗小儿腹泻的中药灌肠剂 |
CN105920536A (zh) * | 2016-06-17 | 2016-09-07 | 杜威 | 一种治疗病毒性胃肠炎的中药汤剂 |
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