CN104091988B - A kind of microwave planar circuit coupler - Google Patents
A kind of microwave planar circuit coupler Download PDFInfo
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- CN104091988B CN104091988B CN201410318896.8A CN201410318896A CN104091988B CN 104091988 B CN104091988 B CN 104091988B CN 201410318896 A CN201410318896 A CN 201410318896A CN 104091988 B CN104091988 B CN 104091988B
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- conduction band
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- coupling conduction
- earth plate
- characteristic impedance
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Abstract
The present invention proposes a kind of microwave planar circuit coupler, had both had close coupling ability and has also had the ability that can realize weak coupling, it is particularly possible to has realized below the 1dB degree of coupling.A kind of microwave planar circuit coupler that the present invention proposes, including medium substrate, the first coupling conduction band, the second coupling conduction band, the first earth plate and the second earth plate；First coupling conduction band and the second coupling conduction band are arranged symmetrically in the upper and lower surface of medium substrate, first earth plate is arranged in the upper surface of medium substrate and is positioned at the first side of the first coupling conduction band, and the second earth plate is arranged in the lower surface of medium substrate and is positioned at the second side of the second coupling conduction band；Stiffness of coupling is controlled by controlling odd and even mode characteristic impedance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to coupler technologies field, particularly relate to a kind of microwave planar circuit coupler.
Background technology
In micro-strip planar circuit, directional coupler is one of important microwave component, and it is by adjacent two
Root parallel lines are mutually coupled, and the part energy of main line is coupled to subordinate line, and the size of the power of coupling depends on
The physical size of coupling line, operating frequency and the direction of propagation of main power.This directional coupler is typically adopted
It is analyzed with Even odd mode method.
Coupled Miccrostrip Lines directional coupler as shown in Figure 1, centre frequency .f.=3GHz, the degree of coupling
C=15dB, lead-out wire characteristic impedance Zc=50 Ω, dielectric substrate dielectric constant=9.6, substrate thickness h=l.0
Mm, coupled zone a length of λ g/4.
The power wherein coupling energy depends primarily on the two parallel coupling bands mutual spacing in coupled zone, on
During figure degree of coupling 15dB, two to couple striation widths be 0.62mm.
If designing the coupler of a widest 3.0dB of purposes, two coupling lines under above-mentioned similarity condition
Spacing will be less than 0.01mm.This physical size is at current printed circuit, thick film circuit, thin film circuit etc.
Manufacturing process is the most irrealizable.So, this " narrow limit " coupled structure can only make the degree of coupling at 10dB
Above microstrip directional coupler.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem existed based on background technology, the present invention proposes a kind of microwave planar circuit coupler,
Both there is close coupling ability also there is the ability that can realize weak coupling, it is particularly possible to realized below the 1dB degree of coupling.
A kind of microwave planar circuit coupler that the present invention proposes, including: medium substrate, the first coupling conduction band,
Second coupling conduction band, the first earth plate and the second earth plate；Wherein, the first coupling conduction band and the second coupling are led
Band is arranged symmetrically in the upper and lower surface of medium substrate, and the first earth plate is arranged in the upper table of medium substrate
Face is also positioned at the first side of the first coupling conduction band, and the second earth plate is arranged in the lower surface of medium substrate and is positioned at
Second side of the second coupling conduction band；
Described microwave planar circuit coupler has strange mould and encourages and even mould two kinds of energisation modes of excitation:
When strange mould encourages, between the first coupling conduction band and the second coupling conduction band, produce the electric wall of a zero potential,
Electric capacity is distributed, by controlling the first coupling conduction band and second between first coupling conduction band and the second coupling conduction band
The width of coupling conduction band and spacing control the size of electric capacity, thus control odd mode characteristic impedance Zoo；
When even mould excitation, between the first coupling conduction band and the second coupling conduction band, produce the magnetic representing open circuit
Wall, is distributed electric capacity between the first coupling conduction band and the first earth plate, the second coupling conduction band and the second earth plate
Between electric capacity is distributed, controlled the size of electric capacity by the spacing controlling coupling conduction band and earth plate, thus control
Ever mode characteristic impedance Z processedoe；
Described microwave planar circuit coupler controls stiffness of coupling by controlling odd and even mode characteristic impedance；
The computing formula of coefficient of coup K is: K=(Zoe–Zoo)/(Zoe+Zoo), wherein, ZooRepresent strange mould
Characteristic impedance, ZoeRepresent ever mode characteristic impedance；
The computing formula of coupling degree C is: C=20lg (1/K)；
The computing formula of characteristic impedance Z is: Z=1/ ∪φC0, wherein, ∪φRepresent phase velocity, C0Representation unit is long
The distribution capacity of degree.
Preferably, medium substrate uses aluminium oxide ceramics to make.
Preferably, physical dimension uses loss of quantity method to calculate, or uses complex function Schwarz-Christoffel
Conversion solves.
Preferably, physical dimension includes between the thickness of medium substrate, the first coupling conduction band and the first earth plate
Away from, the second coupling conduction band and the spacing of the second earth plate.
The present invention devises a kind of broadside strong coupling device, according to the electrostatic field theory of microwave electromagnetic field, by control
The mode of odd and even mode characteristic impedance value processed controls the power of the degree of coupling, can achieve surpassing in microwave planar circuit
The specific function of tight electromagnetic coupled；Meanwhile, by reducing odd mode characteristic impedance value, ever mode characteristic impedance is improved
The method of value can reduce the degree of coupling, it is achieved the degree of coupling that below 10dB is the least.Present configuration is simple,
Easily fabricated, speed of production is fast.Present invention close coupling be applicable to the microwave planar circuit of different-waveband sets
Meter, may be used for radar, guides, communicates and among the functional unit of density three-dimensional solid assembling, use
Environment limits little, is conducive to advancing the development in electromagnetic wave technology field.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is Coupled Miccrostrip Lines directional coupling structure figure；
Fig. 2 is the top view of a kind of microwave planar circuit coupler that the present invention proposes；
Fig. 3 is the front view of a kind of microwave planar circuit coupler that the present invention proposes；
Fig. 4 is microwave planar circuit coupler strange mould excitation electrical field structure chart；
Fig. 5 is microwave planar circuit coupler idol mould excitation electrical field structure chart；
Fig. 6 is five joint serial cascade schematic diagrames.
Detailed description of the invention
With reference to Fig. 2, Fig. 3, a kind of microwave planar circuit coupler that the present invention proposes, including medium substrate 1,
First coupling conduction band 2, second couples conduction band the 3, first earth plate 4 and the second earth plate 5.
First coupling conduction band 2 and the second coupling conduction band 3 are arranged symmetrically in upper surface and the following table of medium substrate 1
Face, the first earth plate 4 is arranged in the upper surface of medium substrate 1 and is positioned at the first side of the first coupling conduction band 2,
Second earth plate 5 is arranged in the lower surface of medium substrate 1 and is positioned at the second side of the second coupling conduction band 3, i.e.
Second earth plate 5 is positioned at the second coupling conduction band 3 side away from the first earth plate 4.
The microwave planar circuit coupler of the present invention controls stiffness of coupling by controlling odd and even mode characteristic impedance.
The computing formula of coefficient of coup K is:
K=(Zoe–Zoo)/(Zoe+Zoo) (1)
ZooRepresent odd mode characteristic impedance, ZoeRepresent ever mode characteristic impedance；
The computing formula of coupling degree C is:
C=20lg (1/K) (2)
In conjunction with formula (1), (2), it can be seen that with reducing odd mode characteristic impedance Zoo, improve ever mode characteristic impedance
ZoeMethod, can be effectively improved coefficient of coup K, reduce degree of coupling C.
The computing formula of characteristic impedance Z is:
Z=1/ ∪φC0 (3)
∪φRepresent phase velocity, C0The distribution capacity of representation unit length.
Microwave planar circuit coupler has the excitation of strange mould and even mould two kinds of energisation modes of excitation.
With reference to Fig. 4, when strange mould encourages, between the first coupling conduction band 2 and the second coupling conduction band 3, produce one
The electric wall of zero potential, produces capacitance, i.e. between the first coupling conduction band 2 and the second coupling conduction band 3 and electricity wall
Electric capacity is distributed between first coupling conduction band 2 and the second coupling conduction band 3.Between coupling conduction band and earth plate also
Produce electric capacity, but owing to the electric capacity between the first coupling conduction band 2 and the second coupling conduction band 3 is much larger than coupling
Electric capacity between conduction band and earth plate, in conjunction with formula (3), it is believed that odd mode characteristic impedance ZooIt is dependent only on
Electric capacity between first coupling conduction band 2 and the second coupling conduction band 3.So, by controlling the first coupling conduction band 2
With the size that the second coupling width of conduction band 3 and spacing control electric capacity, thus control odd mode characteristic impedance Zoo。
With reference to Fig. 5, when even mould excitation, between the first coupling conduction band 2 and the second coupling conduction band 3, produce one
Represent the magnetic wall of open circuit, between the first coupling conduction band 2 and the second coupling conduction band 3, there is no capacitance profile.First
Coupling conduction band 2 and the first earth plate 4 between electric capacity is distributed, second coupling conduction band 3 and the second earth plate it
Between electric capacity is distributed.In conjunction with formula (3), ever mode characteristic impedance ZoeDepend on coupling between conduction band and earth plate
Electric capacity.Due to coupling conduction band less with the relative area of earth plate, capacitance by regulation coupling conduction band and
Spacing between earth plate controls.So, by controlling the size of spacing between coupling conduction band and earth plate,
Ever mode characteristic impedance Z can be controlledoe。
In conjunction with formula (1), (2), the present invention is by reducing odd mode characteristic impedance Zoo, improve ever mode characteristic impedance
ZoeThe degree of coupling can be reduced, it is achieved the degree of coupling that below 10dB is the least.
In the present invention, medium substrate 1 can use aluminium oxide ceramics to make.
Below in conjunction with a specific embodiment, the design of concrete coupler is illustrated.
Embodiment 1
With reference to Fig. 6, use 5 joint serial cascade conceptual design 3-18GHz orthogonal type 3dB directional couplers, if
Meter step is as follows:
Step one: determine each joint normalized odd and even mode characteristic impedance value
Owing to five joint serial cascade are Central Symmetries, only list 1 in Fig. 6, the parity mode characteristic of 2,3 joints
Impedance, referring specifically to table one.
Table one: the odd and even mode characteristic impedance i.e. value of the degree of coupling
Step 2: each joint coupler is made individually designed according to the odd and even mode characteristic impedance of each joint coupler.
Wherein the coupling of the 1st, 2,4,5 joints is more weak, and Section 3 of centre is close coupling.Calculated by loss of quantity method,
Derive the physical dimension of each joint coupled zone, it is also possible to ask with the conversion of complex function Schwarz-Christoffel
Solve.Rapidly find out the primary data of modeling in engineering by approximation method, even mould electric field can be considered co-planar waveguide
One one side of something, strange mould electric field can be considered that the microstrip line that dielectric-slab thickness is h/2 is in parallel with half of co-planar waveguide.
Step 3: the physical dimension of each joint coupler calculated in aforementioned manners is set at HFSS microwave respectively
Model in meter application software, three joint couplers are carried out three dimensional field simulation calculation respectively.Physical dimension includes being situated between
The thickness of matter substrate 1, the first coupling conduction band 2 and the spacing of the first earth plate 4, the second coupling conduction band 3 and
The spacing of the second earth plate 5
Step 4: the cascade system that the final result of design of Simulation is pressed Fig. 6 is integrated, then imports design software
The adjustment that middle work is last.
Be can be seen that by above example, present configuration is simple, it is easy to manufacture, and speed of production is fast, can be big
Amount produces, and promotes the use of.The present invention can design the coupler of multiple rank that grows from weak to strong, it is particularly possible to realizes
The degree of coupling of below 1dB, solves prior art and can only realize the defect of more than the 10dB degree of coupling.The present invention
Close coupling design be applicable to the microwave planar circuit of different-waveband, may be used for radar, guides, communicates
Among the functional unit of density three-dimensional solid assembling, use environment to limit little, be conducive to advancing electromagnetic wave
The development of technical field.
The above, the only present invention preferably detailed description of the invention, but protection scope of the present invention not office
Being limited to this, any those familiar with the art is in the technical scope that the invention discloses, according to this
The technical scheme of invention and inventive concept thereof in addition equivalent or change, all should contain the protection in the present invention
Within the scope of.
Claims (3)
1. a microwave planar circuit coupler, it is characterised in that including:
Medium substrate (1), the first coupling conduction band (2), the second coupling conduction band (3), the first earth plate (4)
With the second earth plate (5)；Wherein, the first coupling conduction band (2) and the second coupling conduction band (3) are arranged symmetrically with
In the upper and lower surface of medium substrate (1), the first earth plate (4) is arranged in medium substrate (1)
Upper surface is also positioned at the first side of the first coupling conduction band (2), and the second earth plate (5) is arranged in medium substrate
(1) lower surface is also positioned at the second side of the second coupling conduction band (3)；
Described microwave planar circuit coupler has strange mould and encourages and even mould two kinds of energisation modes of excitation:
When strange mould encourages, between the first coupling conduction band (2) and the second coupling conduction band (3), produce one zero
The electric wall of current potential, is distributed electric capacity between the first coupling conduction band (2) and the second coupling conduction band (3), passes through
Control the first coupling conduction band (2) and the width of the second coupling conduction band (3) and the size of spacing control electric capacity,
Thus control odd mode characteristic impedance Zoo；
When even mould excitation, between the first coupling conduction band (2) and the second coupling conduction band (3), produce a table
Show the magnetic wall of open circuit, between the first coupling conduction band (2) and the first earth plate (4), electric capacity is distributed, second
Electric capacity is distributed, by controlling coupling conduction band and ground connection between coupling conduction band (3) and the second earth plate (5)
The spacing of plate controls the size of electric capacity, thus controls ever mode characteristic impedance Zoe；
Described microwave planar circuit coupler controls stiffness of coupling by controlling odd and even mode characteristic impedance；
The computing formula of coefficient of coup K is: K=(Zoe–Zoo)/(Zoe+Zoo), wherein, ZooRepresent strange mould
Characteristic impedance, ZoeRepresent ever mode characteristic impedance；
The computing formula of characteristic impedance Z is: Z=1/ ∪φC0, wherein, ∪φRepresent phase velocity, C0Representation unit is long
The distribution capacity of degree.
2. microwave planar circuit coupler as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that medium substrate (1)
Employing aluminium oxide ceramics is made.
3. microwave planar circuit coupler as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that physical dimension uses
Loss of quantity method calculates, or uses the conversion of complex function Schwarz-Christoffel to solve；Physical dimension includes
The thickness of medium substrate (1), the first coupling conduction band (2) and the spacing of the first earth plate (4), the second coupling
Close conduction band (3) and the spacing of the second earth plate (5).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410318896.8A CN104091988B (en) | 2014-07-04 | 2014-07-04 | A kind of microwave planar circuit coupler |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410318896.8A CN104091988B (en) | 2014-07-04 | 2014-07-04 | A kind of microwave planar circuit coupler |
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| CN104091988A CN104091988A (en) | 2014-10-08 |
| CN104091988B true CN104091988B (en) | 2016-08-24 |
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| CN105406162A (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2016-03-16 | 深圳市虹远通信有限责任公司 | Strong coupling design method for micro-strip parallel line and directional coupler |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPS56138302A (en) * | 1980-03-31 | 1981-10-28 | Japan Radio Co Ltd | Directional coupler for microstrip line |
| JPS59221103A (en) * | 1983-05-31 | 1984-12-12 | Toshiba Corp | Microwave device |
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Effective date of registration: 20201123 Address after: Daquan road Yangzhong city Jiangsu province 212211 new science and Technology Park in Zhenjiang City Patentee after: Yangzhong Xinba Scientific Innovation Service Co., Ltd Address before: 241000 Wuhu high tech Industrial Development Zone, Changjiang Road, No. 170, Anhui, China Patentee before: WUHU HANGFEI SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |
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