CN104090830B - Processing method for solving problem of time interleaving of timer during frequency measurement through cycle measuring method - Google Patents
Processing method for solving problem of time interleaving of timer during frequency measurement through cycle measuring method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Provided is a method for overcoming errors caused by time interleaving of carry and overflow of a timer and actions of interruption, capture and the like when software conducts reading actions on the timer. Regarding various hardware backgrounds, by means of the method of logical judgment and reasonable arrangement of operation sequence, incidents of carry, overflow and the like of the timer influencing the correctness of a result and occurring in an alternating mode in the process of formal reading operation of the timer are avoided, and it is ensured that all timing values at the moment are completely correct.
Description
Art
The present invention relates to a kind of with cycle test method measurement frequency when, it is to avoid because system is to the read action of intervalometer and intervalometer
Carry, spilling, and interrupt and capture etc. action sequential staggered and issuable mistake method.
Background technology
In the industrial control system based on microcomputer, for the measurement of frequency quantity, generally have direct frequency measurement method and
Two methods of cycle test method.Wherein cycle test method is to survey Cycle Length, and its inverse represents frequency, and cycle test method is excellent in time delay and precision aspect
In direct frequency measurement method.But cycle test method has some ins and outs problems to be needed to consider.Wherein one of problem is it is simply that read timing
During device information, the sequential interleaving problem that some events occur.
The general rudimentary algorithm of cycle test method is：At certain edge of each frequency signal, as made following operation during rising edge：
(1) read timing value when this edge occurs from intervalometer；
(2) timing value being interrupted the timing value that this is read with last time is subtracted each other, and obtains Cycle Length；
(3) retain this timing value and give over to use next time.
These operations can be programmed in an interrupt service routine, for ease of narration, is all called below " in this time
Disconnected ".The purpose of this rudimentary algorithm is to obtain Cycle Length, wherein needs to consider sequential interleaving problem, has situations below：
(1) if intervalometer word length can not once read, need consideration system to the reading of intervalometer high-low position and timing
Device low level interlocks to the sequential between high-order carry；
(2) if intervalometer may overflow between interrupting twice, need to consider that interrupt operation occurs spilling with intervalometer
Between sequential interlock.
When these situations are dealt with improperly, error is not to occur in low level but occurs in a high position, so impact is not little.
These problems, can avoid in many cases.For example, if our frequencies to be measured are minimum is not less than certain boundary
Limit, so that gained Cycle Length will not overflow, no matter whether we just can occur intervalometer between interrupting twice completely
Spilling.Now, if Interruption period between The following article intervalometer has actually occurred spilling twice, then when doing above-mentioned subtraction necessarily " not no
Enough subtract ", natural by computer arithmetic unit borrows (many machine words call the turn subtraction of integer and just have this kind of natural borrow), just
Correct result can be obtained.
But in actual applications, tend not to avoid underfrequency completely.In a lot of applications, must not allow during underfrequency
Go out accurate result, but do not allow that big erroneous judgement occurs, for example, " underfrequency " is mistaken for " frequency is too high ".Also have when
Wait, will be determined according to the degree of underfrequency to change frequency dividing ratio, assert " frequency reaches zero " etc..Now, the problems referred to above just nothing
Method is avoided.
Also the designer that has it is believed that therefore and the mistake producing although error value is not little, but the probability very little occurring,
Just can be with its harm of suitable control, so being ignored as this problem by filtering.The system that result is realized is although most of time
Normal operation, but always have the similar strongly disturbing fluctuation of accidental appearance.
Content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is：Design a kind of from intervalometer read this edge occur when timing value order of operation and
Logic judging method, to avoid completely because system is to the carry of the read action of intervalometer and intervalometer, spilling, and interrupt and
The staggered and issuable mistake of sequential of the actions such as capture.
The technical scheme is that：With the processing method of intervalometer sequential interleaving problem during cycle test method measurement frequency, it is somebody's turn to do
Because relevant with particular hardware structure, a point situation is described below method：
Situation (1)：If intervalometer is multi-stage cascade and high-order, low level intervalometer is both needed to be directly read by system, fixed
Adopted multi-stage timing device lowest order intervalometer is low level intervalometer, and remaining intervalometer is high-order intervalometer, then avoid interlocking because of sequential
And produce it is critical only that of mistake：Prevent to occur carry between the formal read action of the high-low position to intervalometer.Using such as
Lower order can realize this guarantee：
A) read high-order intervalometer；
B) read low level intervalometer；
If c) low level intervalometer reading value is less than boundary X, read a high position again；Can optional one both kept off zero,
As X, wherein, described " keeping off zero " implication is the value again keeping off low level intervalometer full scale：X ＞ a, a be not less than
(m-ma) and less than partly one of low level intervalometer range it is worth, described " keeping off low level intervalometer full scale " implication is：X
＜ full scale-b, b are a value of half not less than (mb-m) and less than low level intervalometer range, here, definition time number
With the time of day tolerance of low level intervalometer, m is the moment this time reading low level, and it is high-order that ma starts reading for the last time before this
The moment of intervalometer, if if mb is subsequent execution " then reading a high position again ", read the moment of a high position.
Situation (2)：If intervalometer is multi-stage cascade, and low level intervalometer has hardware capturing function, and high-order fixed
When device need to be directly read by system, then generally the read action of intervalometer can be arranged in capture interrupt in.If according in (1)
Principle, then cannot directly read high-value before capture in now interrupting, but can have been determined by logical judgment.Can
Using order：
A) take capture value as the low level of this timing value, this step can also move on to uses this timing value below
Any time before low level；
B) read high-order intervalometer, temporarily as a high position for this timing value；
C) read low level intervalometer again, using one of following condition make judge, if meeting this condition, continue executing with d),
E), otherwise terminate；
Condition one：Low level intervalometer reading value is less than capture value；
Condition two：Close to full scale and intervalometer low level is close to zero for capture value, and described " close " implication is：Two objects
The absolute value of difference be less than a, wherein a is a value of half not less than (m-ma) and less than low level intervalometer range, here,
Definition time number is measured with the time of day of low level intervalometer, and m is the moment this time reading intervalometer low level, and ma is that capture occurs
Moment；
Condition three：Capture value is not less than X and low level intervalometer and is less than X, can optional one both kept off zero, keep off low again
As X, described " keeping off " implication is the value of bit timing device full scale：The absolute value of the difference of two objects is more than a, wherein a
Condition two as defined above；
D) read high position intervalometer again；
E) after the result changing to take d) subtracts 1, as a high position for this timing value.
Situation (3)：If intervalometer has hardware capturing function, and intervalometer is write all over and can be produced interruption during spilling, with
Just made the effect being equivalent to intervalometer to more high-order carry from software, then can set a variable V record and capture interruption twice
Between intervalometer spilling number of times, use in following calculating is processed.Generally, overflow in interrupt service routine in intervalometer
Make：(1) if V is less than the boundary of amplitude limit, V is made to increase 1；(2) value according to V carries out relevant " underfrequency " or " frequency reaches
Zero " judgement etc.；V resets in capture is interrupted.And execution is equivalent to institute in " background technology " above in capture interrupt routine
The operation of " this time interrupting " of stating.If intervalometer overflows interrupt routine and the term of execution of capture interrupt routine all closes interruption,
So in order to avoid interlocking because of sequential, mistake occurs, the first step being equivalent to the operation of above-mentioned " this time interrupting " " is read from intervalometer
Timing value when taking this edge to occur ", can be realized (wherein to capture value as this timing value using following order
Whenever reading can be put and be used before this value in a program)：
A) specially overflow interrupt routine open and close in short-term to intervalometer to interrupt, the interval of open and close interruption must ensure now if any
Intervalometer through registering overflows and interrupts then necessarily responding execution；
B) make vbak=V, then make V=0；Wherein, variable V is the spilling time of intervalometer between record capture interruption twice
Number, this number of times overflows in interruption in intervalometer and counts.Variable vbak is the interim backup of variable V, for this to intervalometer
To in period/frequency amount calculating process after the completion of read action；And variable V itself is then to count spilling number of times next time to carry out standard
Standby；
C) read intervalometer again and work as duration, making to judge using one of following condition, if meeting this condition, continuing executing with
D), e), otherwise terminate：
Condition one：Intervalometer is worked as duration and is less than capture value；
Condition two：Close to full scale and intervalometer works as duration close to 0 to capture value, and described " close " implication is：Two
The absolute value of the difference of object is less than a, and wherein a is a value of half not less than (m-ma) and less than intervalometer range, here,
Definition time number is measured with the time of day of intervalometer, and m is the moment this time reading intervalometer, and ma is that capture occurs the moment；
Condition three：Capture value is not less than X and intervalometer to be worked as duration and is less than X, can optional one both kept off zero, keep off again
As X, described " keeping off " implication is the value of intervalometer full scale：The absolute value of the difference of two objects is more than a, wherein the determining of a
Justice is with above-mentioned condition two；
D) specially interrupt routine open and close in short-term are overflowed to intervalometer and interrupt (the same a of its spaced apart condition))；
If e) V=0,：{ make V=1；Vbak is made to subtract 1；}.
In the case of above-mentioned three kinds, the common ground of operation is：Guarantee：The intervalometer high position information of gained, and as in (3)
Vbak represent like that occurred before this intervalometer overflow number of times information, actually reflect obtained intervalometer low-value moment it
Before, their due values in theory.
The beneficial effect of this method is can to avoid completely because system is to the read action of intervalometer and entering of intervalometer
Position, spilling, and the staggered and issuable mistake of sequential of the action such as interruption and capture.
Brief description
The present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is in software direct-reading intervalometer, and in the case of hardware carry, this method reads the flow process of timing Value Operations at that time
Figure.
Fig. 2 is to capture in intervalometer low level hardware to interrupt, and in the case of hardware carry, is read with this method in capture is interrupted
The flow chart taking timing Value Operations at that time.According to above, the step c) of " content of the invention " situation (2) carrys out table using condition one in figure
Show, actually can also be changed to condition two or condition three.
Fig. 3 is to capture in hardware to interrupt, and intervalometer overflows in the case of interrupting, and is read with this method and work as in capture is interrupted
When timing Value Operations flow chart.According to above, the step c) of " content of the invention " situation (3) to be represented in figure using condition one, real
Condition two or condition three can also be changed on border.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment one：
Refering to Fig. 1, in this embodiment, background of hardware is：Intervalometer multi-stage cascade, does not have hardware capturing function.Using Fig. 1
Shown flow process, the intervalometer high-low position data being read, it is entirely avoided intert therebetween and the situation of carry occurs it is ensured that follow-up
Calculating cycle length correct.The selection of wherein boundary X, should ensure that：If the condition in c) is unsatisfactory for, a), b) between certain
Intervalometer carry will not occur.Wherein " high position at different levels " refers to, if intervalometer cascade exceed two-stage, except lowest order one-level with
It is referred to as outward " high position at different levels ".
With the processing method of intervalometer sequential interleaving problem during cycle test method measurement frequency in the case of being somebody's turn to do, comprise the steps：
A) read high-order intervalometer；
B) read low level intervalometer；
If c) low level intervalometer reading value is less than boundary X, read a high position again；Can optional one both kept off zero,
The value again keeping off low level intervalometer full scale as X, wherein, with regard to " not connecing in " content of the invention " situation (1) according to above
Closely " the regulation of implication, in the present embodiment, low level intervalometer is 8 bit timing devices, and full scale is 256 times of day, (m-ma)
Maximum can not can exceed that 15 times of day, and (mb-m) maximum can not can exceed that 10 times of day, then in the present embodiment, boundary
Limiting X scope is：15<X<246.In program, reality adopts X=128.
Embodiment two：
Refering to Fig. 2, in this embodiment, background of hardware is：Intervalometer multi-stage cascade, its low level has hardware capturing function.?
Adopt flow process shown in Fig. 2 in capture interrupt routine, when having generation carry possible after immediately capturing the moment, finally obtained
Intervalometer high-value is actually the value before capturing, and equally completely avoid to intert therebetween and the situation of carry occurs it is ensured that follow-up
Calculating cycle length correct.
With the processing method of intervalometer sequential interleaving problem during cycle test method measurement frequency in the case of being somebody's turn to do, comprise the steps：
A) take capture value as the low level of this timing value, this step can also move on to uses this timing value below
Any time before low level；
B) read high-order intervalometer, temporarily as a high position for this timing value；
C) read low level intervalometer again, if meeting following " condition one ", continuing executing with d), e), otherwise terminating, wherein
" condition one " can also be changed to following " condition two " or " condition three "；
Condition one：Low level intervalometer reading value is less than capture value；
Condition two：Close to full scale and intervalometer low level is close to zero for capture value, " content of the invention " situation (2) according to above
In with regard to " close " implication regulation, in the present embodiment, low level intervalometer is 8 bit timing devices, full scale be 256 timing lists
Position, capture occurs time interval maximum between the moment to the moment of this reading intervalometer can not can exceed that 15 times of day,
Therefore this condition is specifically as follows：Capture value is more than 241 and intervalometer low bit readings are less than 15 times of day；
Condition three：Capture value is not less than X and low level intervalometer and is less than X, can optional one both kept off zero, to keep off fixed again
When device full scale value as X, wherein, with regard to the regulation of " keeping off " implication in " content of the invention " situation (2) according to above, this
In embodiment, specifically with described in above-mentioned " condition two ", therefore boundary X scope is：15<X<241.In program, reality adopts X
=128；
D) read high position intervalometer again；
E) after the result changing to take d) subtracts 1, as a high position for this timing value.
Embodiment three：
Refering to Fig. 3, in the present embodiment, software and hardware background is：Intervalometer has hardware capturing function, and intervalometer write all over excessive
Interruption can be produced, intervalometer overflows in interrupt service routine makes variable V increment when going out.Capture interrupt routine (enter fashionable
Close interrupt) in using flow process shown in Fig. 3 obtain V and vbak for use below.There is generation intervalometer immediately capturing around moment
Write all over overflow may when it is ensured that the vbak that finally obtains is actually before capturing due value in theory, equally avoid completely
Because sequential is interlocked situation about making a mistake.
With the processing method of intervalometer sequential interleaving problem during cycle test method measurement frequency in the case of being somebody's turn to do, read in capture is interrupted
The operation taking timing value at that time comprises the steps：
A) specially overflow interrupt routine open and close in short-term to intervalometer to interrupt, open and close ensure between interrupting now if any having hung
Number intervalometer overflow interrupt then necessarily can respond execution；Because, in the present embodiment, CPU requirement used is spaced at least three compilations
Instruction guarantee response is interrupted, therefore in example, three compilation non-operation instructions have been used in open and close between interrupting；
B) make vbak=V, then make V=0；
C) read intervalometer again and work as duration, if meeting following " condition one ", continuing executing with d), e), otherwise terminating, wherein
" condition one " can also be changed to following " condition two " or " condition three "：
Condition one：Intervalometer is worked as duration and is less than capture value；
Condition two：Close to full scale and intervalometer works as duration close to 0 to capture value, " content of the invention " situation according to above
(3) with regard to the regulation of " close " implication in, in the present embodiment, intervalometer is 16 bit timing devices, and full scale is 65536 units,
Capture occurs time interval maximum between the moment to the moment of this reading intervalometer can not can exceed that 20 units, therefore, this
Condition is specifically as follows：Capture value is more than 65516 and intervalometer low bit readings are less than 20 times of day；
Condition three：Capture value is not less than X and intervalometer to be worked as duration and is less than X, can optional one both kept off zero, keep off again
The value of intervalometer full scale as X, wherein, with regard to the regulation of " keeping off " implication in " content of the invention " situation (3) according to above,
The present embodiment is specifically with described in above-mentioned " condition two ", therefore boundary X scope is：20<X<65516.In program, reality adopts X
=32768；
D) specially interrupt routine open and close in short-term are overflowed to intervalometer and interrupt (the same a of its spaced apart condition))；
If e) V=0,：{ make V=1；Vbak is made to subtract 1；}.
Claims (1)
1. use cycle test method measurement frequency when intervalometer sequential interleaving problem processing method it is characterised in that：The method with concrete
Hardware configuration is relevant, has following three kinds of situations：
Situation (1)：If intervalometer is multi-stage cascade and high-order, low level intervalometer is both needed to be directly read by system, defines many
Level intervalometer lowest order intervalometer is low level intervalometer, and remaining intervalometer is high-order intervalometer, then the method comprises the steps：
A) read high-order intervalometer；
B) read low level intervalometer；
If c) low level intervalometer reading value is less than boundary X, read a high position again；Can optional one both do not kept off zero, and not
Close to low level intervalometer full scale value as X, wherein, described " keeping off zero " implication is：X ＞ a, a are not less than (m-ma)
And be worth less than partly one of low level intervalometer range, described " keeping off low level intervalometer full scale " implication is：X ＜ completely measures
Journey-b, b are a value of half not less than (mb-m) and less than low level intervalometer range, and here, definition time number is with low level
The time of day tolerance of intervalometer, m is the moment this time reading low level, and ma started to read high-order intervalometer for the last time before this
Moment, if if mb is subsequent execution " then reading a high position again ", having read the high-order moment；
Situation (2)：If intervalometer is multi-stage cascade, and low level intervalometer has hardware capturing function, and high-order intervalometer
Need to be directly read by system, then the method comprises the steps：
A) take capture value as the low level of this timing value, this step can also move on to the low level using this timing value below
Any time before；
B) read high-order intervalometer, temporarily as a high position for this timing value；
C) read low level intervalometer again, making to judge using one of following condition, if meeting this condition, continuing executing with d), e), no
Then terminate；
Condition one：Low level intervalometer reading value is less than capture value；
Condition two：Close to full scale and intervalometer low level is close to zero for capture value, and described " close " implication is：The difference of two objects
Absolute value be less than a, wherein a is a value of half not less than (m-ma) and less than low level intervalometer range, here, defines
Time number is measured with the time of day of low level intervalometer, and m is the moment this time reading intervalometer low level, when ma is that capture occurs
Carve；
Condition three：Capture value is not less than X and low level intervalometer is less than X, has both kept off zero for optional one, keeps off low level timing again
As X, described " keeping off " implication is the value of device full scale：The absolute value of the difference of two objects is more than a, and the wherein definition of a is same
Above-mentioned condition two；
D) read high position intervalometer again；
E) after the result changing to take d) subtracts 1, as a high position for this timing value；
Situation (3)：If intervalometer has hardware capturing function, and intervalometer is write all over to produce during spilling and is interrupted, if a variable V
The spilling number of times of intervalometer between record capture interruption twice, overflowing in interrupt service routine in intervalometer makes V incremental count；Fixed
When device overflow interrupt routine and capture interrupt routine the term of execution all closed interruption；Then the read action of intervalometer is arranged in
During capture is interrupted, the processing method of intervalometer sequential interleaving problem comprises the steps, wherein to capture value as this timing
Whenever the reading of value is put and is used before this value in a program：
A) specially overflow interrupt routine open and close in short-term to intervalometer to interrupt, the interval of open and close interruptions must guarantee now if any having hung
Number intervalometer overflow interrupt then necessarily can respond execution；
B) make vbak=V, then make V=0；Wherein, variable V is the spilling number of times of intervalometer between record capture interruption twice, should
Number of times overflows in interruption in intervalometer and counts；Variable vbak is the interim backup of variable V, for this, reading of intervalometer is moved
To in period/frequency amount calculating process after the completion of work；And variable V itself is then that next statistics spilling number of times is ready；
C) read intervalometer again and work as duration, making to judge using one of following condition, if meeting this condition, continuing executing with d), e),
Otherwise terminate：
Condition one：Intervalometer is worked as duration and is less than capture value；
Condition two：Close to full scale and intervalometer works as duration close to 0 to capture value, and described " close " implication is：Two objects
The absolute value of difference be less than a, wherein a is a value of half not less than (m-ma) and less than intervalometer range, here, defines
Time number is measured with the time of day of intervalometer, and m is the moment this time reading intervalometer, and ma is that capture occurs the moment；
Condition three：Capture value is not less than X and intervalometer to be worked as duration and is less than X, can optional one both kept off zero, keep off timing again
As X, described " keeping off " implication is the value of device full scale：The absolute value of the difference of two objects is more than a, and the wherein definition of a is same
Above-mentioned condition two；
D) specially overflow interrupt routine open and close in short-term to intervalometer to interrupt, its spaced apart condition is same a)；
If e) V=0,：{ make V=1；Vbak is made to subtract 1；}.
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| CN110489292B (en) * | 2019-08-22 | 2023-04-25 | 东莞铭普光磁股份有限公司 | Time sequence measurement method and device |
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