CN104090443A - 显示面板及显示装置 - Google Patents
显示面板及显示装置 Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
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- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
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- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
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- G02F1/133603—Direct backlight with LEDs
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- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
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- G02F1/133562—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors characterised by the placement of the optical elements on the viewer side
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- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种显示面板及显示装置,该显示面板包括相对设置的第一基板和第二基板、夹设在该第一基板和第二基板之间的蓝相液晶层、位于该第一基板远离该蓝相液晶层一侧的第一偏光片以及位于该第二基板远离该蓝相液晶层一侧的第二偏光片,还包括:位于该第一基板靠近该蓝相液晶层一侧的第一电极、位于该第二基板靠近该蓝相液晶层一侧的第二电极,该第一电极与第二电极用于产生垂直电场;位于该蓝相液晶层与该第一偏光片之间的第一棱镜层,用于使入射光发生偏折后入射至该蓝相液晶层;位于该蓝相液晶层与该第二偏光片之间的第二棱镜层,用于使透过该蓝相液晶层的入射光发生偏折后出射。本发明中的显示面板及显示装置不需要较大的驱动电压。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及显示领域,尤其涉及一种显示面板及显示装置。
背景技术
传统的液晶材料为实现显示都是利用了液晶的各向异性原理,通过电控双折射控制光线的通过,但克尔效应的发现使液晶显示材料又有了新的进展观念,各向同性的液晶材料在电场的作用下可以沿电场方向产生诱导折射率,而关断电压后又会恢复为各向同性的性质,这种液晶材料在响应时间及对比度等方面有巨大优势,这种液晶材料在相态稳定的情况下呈蓝色,通常也称之为蓝相液晶。
由于显示器的光都是垂直经过液晶盒的,如果要使光产生双折射,就必须将蓝相液晶横向拉伸,所以现有的蓝相液晶显示装置的驱动方式基本上都是使用横向电场,例如平面转换(In-Plane Switching,IPS)模式,蓝相液晶在位于同一平面的像素电极和公共电极附近被驱动拉伸而产生各向异性。但是,在这种电极结构中电极之间产生的电场只有与基板平行的水平电场分量对显示面板的透射率有贡献,其垂直分量是没有用的,水平电场分量在电极平面内较大,越向上(即远离像素电极和公共电极)水平电场分量越小,为了使顶部的液晶在“开”态时也有足够的透射率,必须加大两极间电压,造成驱动电压过大的问题。
发明内容
(一)要解决的技术问题
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种显示面板及显示装置,能够降低显示面板的驱动电压。
(二)技术方案
为解决上述技术问题,本发明的技术方案提供了一种显示面板,包括相对设置的第一基板和第二基板、夹设在所述第一基板和第二基板之间的蓝相液晶层、位于所述第一基板远离所述蓝相液晶层一侧的第一偏光片以及位于所述第二基板远离所述蓝相液晶层一侧的第二偏光片,还包括:
位于所述第一基板靠近所述蓝相液晶层一侧的第一电极、位于所述第二基板靠近所述蓝相液晶层一侧的第二电极,所述第一电极与第二电极用于产生垂直电场;
位于所述蓝相液晶层与所述第一偏光片之间的第一棱镜层,用于使入射光发生偏折后入射至所述蓝相液晶层;
位于所述蓝相液晶层与所述第二偏光片之间的第二棱镜层,用于使透过所述蓝相液晶层的入射光发生偏折后出射。
进一步地,所述第一棱镜层由多个第一三棱镜构成,所述第二棱镜层由多个第二三棱镜构成。
进一步地,所述第一三棱镜以及所述第二三棱镜均为等腰三棱镜。
进一步地,所述第一三棱镜的底面与所述第一基板平行,所述第一三棱镜的折射面与所述第一三棱镜的底面的夹角为30度~80度;
和/或所述第二三棱镜的底面与所述第二基板平行,所述第二三棱镜的折射面与所述第二三棱镜的底面的夹角为30度~80度。
进一步地,所述第一三棱镜与所述第二三棱镜大小相同,且相对设置。
进一步地,所述第一棱镜层位于所述第一基板与所述第一偏光片之间,所述第二棱镜层位于所述第二基板与所述第二偏光片之间。
进一步地,所述第一偏光片与所述第二偏光片的透光轴方向垂直。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明还提供了一种显示装置,包括背光源以及上述任意一种的显示面板。
进一步地,所述背光源为RGB-LED场顺序背光源。
(三)有益效果
本发明提供的显示面板,当第一电极与第二电极之间不存在电场时,蓝相液晶层表现为一种各向同性的介质,透过第一偏振片的偏振光无法通过蓝相液晶层,显示面板呈现暗态,当对第一电极与第二电极之间施加电压时,第一电极与第二电极之间产生垂直与蓝相液晶层的电场,蓝相液晶分子在电场的作用下被拉伸,蓝相液晶层表现为一种各向异性的介质,如同一个具有双折射特性的单轴晶体,其折射率随外加电场的平方而增加,当垂直第一基板的入射光透过偏振片形成偏振光,且形成的偏振光入射第一棱镜层发生偏折,其传播方向发生改变,与蓝相液晶分子的光轴形成一定的角度,从而使得偏振光的偏振态发生改变,从而实现液晶分子对偏振光的调制作用,相比现有技术中通过横向电场的控制方式,本发明中的垂直电场在蓝相液晶层各个位置的强度较为均匀,因此不需要较大的驱动电压。此外,由于蓝相液晶的初始状态在不加电压情况下为各向同性,不需要Rubbing(摩擦取向)工艺对液晶进行初始取向,因此,可大幅度简化制程及避免摩擦取向带来的相关不良。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施方式提供的一种显示面板的示意图;
图2是本发明实施方式提供的图1所示显示面板在电场下的示意图;
图3是本发明实施方式提供的一种显示装置的示意图;
图4是本发明实施方式提供的场顺序显示的示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例,对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实施例用于说明本发明,但不用来限制本发明的范围。
图1是本发明实施方式提供的一种显示面板的示意图,该显示面板包括相对设置的第一基板1和第二基板2、夹设在所述第一基板1和第二基板2之间的蓝相液晶层3、位于所述第一基板1远离所述蓝相液晶层一侧的第一偏光片4以及位于所述第二基板2远离所述蓝相液晶层一侧的第二偏光片5,其中,该显示面板还包括:
位于所述第一基板1靠近所述蓝相液晶层一侧的第一电极6、位于所述第二基板2靠近所述蓝相液晶层一侧的第二电极7,其中,所述第一电极6与第二电极7用于产生垂直电场;
位于所述蓝相液晶层3与所述第一偏光片4之间的第一棱镜层8,用于使入射光发生偏折后入射至所述蓝相液晶层;
位于所述蓝相液晶层3与所述第二偏光片5之间的第二棱镜层9,用于使透过所述蓝相液晶层3的入射光发生偏折后出射。
本发明实施方式提供的显示面板,当第一电极与第二电极之间不存在电场时,蓝相液晶层表现为一种各向同性的介质,透过第一偏振片的偏振光无法通过蓝相液晶层,显示面板呈现暗态,当对第一电极与第二电极之间施加电压时,第一电极与第二电极之间产生垂直与蓝相液晶层的电场,蓝相液晶分子在电场的作用下被拉伸(如图2所示),蓝相液晶层表现为一种各向异性的介质,如同一个具有双折射特性的单轴晶体,其折射率随外加电场的平方而增加,当垂直第一基板的入射光透过偏振片形成偏振光,且形成的偏振光入射第一棱镜层发生偏折,其传播方向发生改变,与蓝相液晶分子的光轴形成一定的角度,从而使得偏振光的偏振态发生改变,从而实现液晶分子对偏振光的调制作用,相比现有技术中通过横向电场的控制方式,本发明中的垂直电场在蓝相液晶层各个位置的强度较为均匀,因此不需要较大的驱动电压。此外,由于蓝相液晶的初始状态在不加电压情况下为各向同性,不需要Rubbing(摩擦取向)工艺对液晶进行初始取向,因此,可大幅度简化制程及避免摩擦取向带来的相关不良。
其中,在上述的实施方式中,所述第一偏光片4与所述第二偏光片5的透光轴方向垂直。
具体地,参见图1,可以将第一棱镜层8设置于第一基板1与第一偏光片4之间,将第二棱镜层9设置于第二基板2与第二偏光片5之间。具体地,第一棱镜层8和第二棱镜层9可以使用转印的方式利用PDMS(聚二甲基硅氧烷)形成,并通过紫外光固化胶进行贴附固定。
其中,第一棱镜层8可由多个第一三棱镜8a构成,第二棱镜层9可由多个第二三棱镜9a构成。
优选地,所述第一三棱镜以及所述第二三棱镜可均为等腰三棱镜。
参见图1及图2,第一三棱镜包括两个折射面8a2(等腰三棱镜的腰面)和一个底面8a1,其中,第一三棱镜的底面8a1与第一基板1平行,且第一三棱镜的折射面8a2与第一三棱镜的底面8a1的夹角为30度~80度,例如,可以为45度,具体地,显示面板的入射光通过底面8a1进入第一三棱镜,而后在折射面8a2发生偏折进入蓝相液晶层3;
第二三棱镜包括两个折射面9a2(等腰三棱镜的腰面)和一个底面9a1,其中,第二三棱镜的底面9a1与第二基板2平行,且第二三棱镜的折射面9a2与第二三棱镜的底面9a1的夹角为30度~80度,例如,可以为45度,具体地,当第一电极与第二电极之间存在电场时,透过蓝相液晶层的入射光通过底面9a1进入第二三棱镜,并在折射面9a2发生偏折,从而使得透过第二三棱镜的光的传播方向垂直显示面板。
优选地,参见图1及图2,第一三棱镜8a与所述第二三棱镜9a大小相同,且两者一一相对设置。
本发明实施方式提供的显示面板,当第一电极与第二电极之间不存在电场时,蓝相液晶层表现为各向同性的介质,第一偏振片形成的偏振光无法通过蓝相液晶层,显示面板呈现暗态,由于偏振光几乎不能透过各向同性介质,因此,此时的暗态效果要明显好于普通液晶材料(普通液晶材料暗态仍然可能由于液晶取向与偏振光方向有差异产生少量漏光造成暗态不理想),而暗态是影响对比度的一个重要因素,所以蓝相液晶层的对比度会明显优于普通的液晶材料。当对第一电极与第二电极之间施加电场,蓝相液晶分子转换为光学上的单轴晶体,其光轴方向与电场方向平行,由各向同性变为各向异性,从而表现出普通液晶材料的性质,当垂直第一基板的入射光透过偏振片形成偏振光,形成的偏振光进入第一棱镜,通过三角棱镜的折射作用,使得入射到蓝相液晶分子的光线方向与蓝相液晶光轴方向有了一定的角度,从而使得通过蓝相液晶分子的偏振光发生偏振态的改变,实现的液晶分子对偏振光的调制作用,从而使得调制后的偏振光能够透过第二偏振片,此外,通过第二棱镜层,使得通过蓝相液晶层的入射光在透过第二偏振片前其传播方向发生改变,从而使得显示面板的出射光的传播方向能够垂直显示面板。
此外,参见图3,本发明实施方式还提供了一种显示装置,包括背光源10以及上述的显示面板。
其中,上述的背光源10可以为R(红)G(绿)B(蓝)-LED场顺序背光源。由于蓝相液晶层的响应速度很快,均在亚毫秒级别,通过该特性,可以配合RGB三色背光源来实现彩色显示,因此,不再需要彩色RGB滤光片及白光LED,只需要RGB三种颜色的LED背光源通过不同顺序开启,再结合人眼的视觉残留效应同样可以实现彩色显示,由于不需要彩色滤光片,可以更好的提升透过率及背光源的利用率。
具体地,只要RGB顺序重复的周期小于人眼的视觉残留时间,就可以在人们的大脑中形成一个彩色的图象,视觉残留时间实际上就是显示的一帧画面周期T,如现有最基本的1/60秒,即60Hz。这也就要求在1/60秒的时间内必须完成红、绿、蓝三种图象的显示,因此要求每种颜色必须在1/180秒内完成显示。例如,若需要显示图4中的白色(W)的图形,RGB三色LED需依次开启T/3秒,即圆形图案分别被RGB三种颜色的LED背光照射了T/3秒,但由于人眼存在视觉残留效应,相当于把这三种颜色在同时看到,实际合成最终的颜色即为白色,因此,这种方式被称为“场顺序”体制,也称之为“色顺序”。如果需要不同灰阶的颜色可以在控制背光源的同时控制每个像素的薄膜晶体管(TFT)开关的顺序,使其相应地按照该像素在这种颜色时所应当具有的的强度来开启液晶光阀,进而实现不同灰阶的显示。
其中,本发明实施方式提供的显示装置可以是笔记本电脑显示屏、液晶显示器、液晶电视、数码相框、手机、平板电脑等任何具有显示功能的产品或部件。
本发明实施方式提供的显示装置不需要较大的驱动电压,此外,配合RGB-LED背光源可实现场顺序彩色显示,无需彩色滤光片,能够大大简化制作工艺。
以上实施方式仅用于说明本发明,而并非对本发明的限制,有关技术领域的普通技术人员,在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况下,还可以做出各种变化和变型,因此所有等同的技术方案也属于本发明的范畴,本发明的专利保护范围应由权利要求限定。
Claims (9)
1.一种显示面板,包括相对设置的第一基板和第二基板、夹设在所述第一基板和第二基板之间的蓝相液晶层、位于所述第一基板远离所述蓝相液晶层一侧的第一偏光片以及位于所述第二基板远离所述蓝相液晶层一侧的第二偏光片,其特征在于,还包括:
位于所述第一基板靠近所述蓝相液晶层一侧的第一电极、位于所述第二基板靠近所述蓝相液晶层一侧的第二电极,所述第一电极与第二电极用于产生垂直电场;
位于所述蓝相液晶层与所述第一偏光片之间的第一棱镜层,用于使入射光发生偏折后入射至所述蓝相液晶层;
位于所述蓝相液晶层与所述第二偏光片之间的第二棱镜层,用于使透过所述蓝相液晶层的入射光发生偏折后出射。
2.根据权利要求1所述的显示面板,其特征在于,所述第一棱镜层由多个第一三棱镜构成,所述第二棱镜层由多个第二三棱镜构成。
3.根据权利要求2所述的显示面板,其特征在于,所述第一三棱镜以及所述第二三棱镜均为等腰三棱镜。
4.根据权利要求3所述的显示面板,其特征在于,所述第一三棱镜的底面与所述第一基板平行,所述第一三棱镜的折射面与所述第一三棱镜的底面的夹角为30度~80度;
和/或所述第二三棱镜的底面与所述第二基板平行,所述第二三棱镜的折射面与所述第二三棱镜的底面的夹角为30度~80度。
5.根据权利要求4所述的显示面板,其特征在于,所述第一三棱镜与所述第二三棱镜大小相同,且相对设置。
6.根据权利要求1至5任一所述的显示面板,其特征在于,所述第一棱镜层位于所述第一基板与所述第一偏光片之间,所述第二棱镜层位于所述第二基板与所述第二偏光片之间。
7.根据权利要求1至5任一所述的显示面板,其特征在于,所述第一偏光片与所述第二偏光片的透光轴方向垂直。
8.一种显示装置,其特征在于,包括背光源以及如权利要求1至7任一所述的显示面板。
9.根据权利要求8所述的显示装置,其特征在于,所述背光源为RGB-LED场顺序背光源。
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