CN104089888B - Fast and accurate beef quality detection system and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a fast and accurate beef quality detection system and method to solve the problems of subjective and inaccurate detection of beef quality and complex detection process of detection equipment in the prior art. The system comprises a seat body, which is provided with a bracket. An irradiation light source is disposed over the bracket and is rotatably connected to an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the position of the irradiation light source, and the adjustment mechanism is mounted on the seat body. A receiving mechanism is disposed below the bracket, and a control unit is disposed in the seat body and is in connection with the irradiation light source, the adjustment mechanism and the receiving mechanism. By analyzing sample reflection or transmission spectrum data, the beef quality can be judged. By adopting the spectrum detection mode, nondestructive detection can be carried out on samples. The device structure is simple, the operation is fast and simple, and the detection data are accurate.

Description

Beef quality detecting system and method fast and accurately

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of field of food detection, especially relate to a kind of simple in construction, operate fast and convenient, detection standard The true degree detecting system of beef quality fast and accurately, and the detection method of this system.

Background technology

Consumption of meat is always an important component part of food consumption, and beef is that consumers in general's ratio is preferable Food.In recent years, the transformation of people's philosophy of life, level of consumption constantly strengthens, more and more higher to the quality requirements of beef food. As beef is segmented into common beef and top grade beef, top grade beef general muscle fiber delicacy succulence, containing a certain amount of between muscle Fat, lipochondrion is tiny, is uniformly distributed in muscular tissue, becomes marble grain, is commonly called as snowflake meat, this belongs to high-grade Beef, other belong to common beef.And common people can not well distinguish top grade beef and common beef, this makes purchasing Easily it is taken in when buying, causes unnecessary loss.At present the detection technique of beef quality is typically passed through organoleptic detection, Physico-chemical tests Deng.Organoleptic detection often by evaluating the experience of expert, psychology is affected with the factor such as physiology, different teacher of the evaluating due to its addicted to Well, the impact such as emotion, sex and sensory acuity, it may be difficult to obtain consistent evaluation result, therefore the standard of evaluation result Really property is often difficult to ensure that.Physico-chemical tests needs a series of equipment and device to complete, and process is complicated, and the detection time is long, equipment Also complicated.It is desirable to have a kind of can the Apparatus and method for of the cold fresh beef quality of Non-Destructive Testing quick, easy, accurate, in order to In time beef is detected, to identify the quality of beef.

Summary of the invention

The present invention mainly solves in prior art to there is beef quality detection subjective inaccurate, and there is detection and set The problem that standby detection process is complicated, it is provided that a kind of simple in construction, operate fast and convenient, detection beef the most fast and accurately Quality detection system.

Present invention also offers one and operate fast and convenient, detection beef quality detection method the most fast and accurately.

The above-mentioned technical problem of the present invention is mainly addressed by following technical proposals: one cattle fast and accurately Meat detecting system, including pedestal, is provided with the bracket for placing sample on pedestal, is provided above irradiating at bracket Light source, described radiation source is rotatably connected on the guiding mechanism adjusting radiation source position, and guiding mechanism is arranged on pedestal, Receiving mechanism it is provided with below bracket, the present internal control unit that arranges, control unit and radiation source, adjusting pole, connect Receive mechanism to be connected；

Radiation source: electromagnetic radiation is detected light beam, and can receive the reflected light information on sample, feeds back to control single Unit；

Receiving mechanism: remain and align with radiation source, receives the transmission light of radiation source, and it is single to feed back to control Unit；

Control unit: control radiation source, guiding mechanism, receiving mechanism work, anti-according to radiation source or receiving mechanism The spectral information of feedback, calculates sample signal to noise ratio by accidental resonance analysis meter, and with drawing sample freshness after tables of data Information.

Present system detects beef quality by spectrum analysis, it is possible to more rapid, easy, detect beef product accurately Matter.Radiation source is used for launching detecting light beam, also can receive irreflexive light on sample simultaneously.This radiation source is rotationally connected On guiding mechanism, radiation source can rotate around axle, and guiding mechanism can carry out rotating and altitude mixture control simultaneously, so makes Obtain radiation source irradiation position and can all cover sample.Receiving mechanism, for receiving light beam transmission light on sample, is shining When penetrating the change of light source irradiation position, receiving mechanism position to be adjusted remains aligns with radiation source.Radiation source, adjustment Mechanism, receiving mechanism all feed back information to control unit, and control unit controls they work according to their information.Control single The spectral information detected the most also to be analyzed calculating by unit, draws snr value, and in control unit, also storage has pre- The beef quality standard value tables of data first set, by drawing sample quality after comparing with the snr value calculated.According to Penetrate light source and use Halogen light or generating laser.Beef can lossless be detected by this device, it is adaptable to on-the-spot high-volume is right Beef detects.

As a kind of preferred version, it is connected between described radiation source and control unit and has control circuit for light source, light source Control circuit includes keyboard, input block, function memory and power amplifier unit, and described keyboard connects input block, input block Connectivity function memorizer, function memory is connected with power amplifier unit, and power amplifier unit is connected with radiation source, and power amplifier unit and control Unit processed connects.This input block is 8 pin input interfaces, and keyboard and 8 pin input interfaces connect, and 8 pin input interface functions are deposited Reservoir connects, and function memory is AT24C02 chip, for storing the function information from input through keyboard.Power amplifier unit includes There are microprocessor AT89C2051, three-terminal voltage-stabilizing pipe LM7805, the passive crystal oscillator of relay J RC4100,11.0592MHz, LED lamp tube. By input through keyboard function through function memory to power amplifier, controller controls radiation source intensity by power amplifier unit and presses Change according to input function.

As a kind of preferred version, described bracket is arranged on pedestal by lowering or hoisting gear, and described lowering or hoisting gear includes solid The lifting set being scheduled on pedestal, lifting set is square hollow cylinder, is inserted into being provided with the square liter coordinated with it at lifting set Fall bar, elevating lever upper end is fixed on bracket, has screwed hole, be screwed with adjustment spiral shell on screwed hole on lifting set one sidewall Bolt, fixes elevating lever and lifting set.

As a kind of preferred version, described receiving mechanism includes receptor, slide and swingle, and described slide is to shine Penetrating the arcuate structure that light source rotating shaft is the center of circle, slide offers chute, described receptor is arranged in chute, in chute both sides Being provided with gathering sill on wall, be correspondingly arranged on directive wheel on receptor both sides, directive wheel is arranged in gathering sill, at receptor Bottom line is provided with roller, and roller is toothed around, bottom chute on be provided with tooth bar, rolling wheel and rack is meshed, slide Being fixed on swingle upper end, swingle rotates and is arranged on pedestal.Receptor is used for receiving transmitted ray, and this receptor to keep Align with radiation source, when radiation source moves, rotate so that receptor moves by controlling directive wheel, owing to this is sliding Seat is the arcuate structure with radiation source rotating shaft as the center of circle, and therefore mobile receiver is so that receptor keeps and radiation source Alignment.This swingle can drive slide to rotate, and when radiation source rotates, synchronizes rotation by controlling swingle Turn so that receptor keeps keeping aliging with radiation source.

As a kind of preferred version, in described receptor, it is provided with the driving motor of output shafts, drives the two of motor Individual output shaft is connected with roller respectively, connects the first motor driving swingle to rotate in described swingle lower end, drives motor Be connected in control unit with the first motor, bottom receptor on be provided with roller.Drive motor to drive and guide round Dynamic so that receptor moves.First motor drives swingle to rotate.Motor and the most controlled unit of the first motor is driven to control, Control unit is according to radiation source rotation information, and corresponding control slide rotates and receptor moves, and keeps receptor and irradiation light Source aligns.

As a kind of preferred version, described guiding mechanism includes first body of rod, second body of rod, rotary screw and guide post, First body of rod is vertically arranged, and described radiation source is connected on the lower end of first body of rod by rotating shaft, and rotating shaft rotates with driver The second motor be connected, the first body of rod upper end is through on clutch shaft bearing, is provided with the 3rd motor, the 3rd motor on bearing top Output shaft and the first body of rod upper end connect, and described second body of rod and the perpendicular setting of first body of rod, the second lever front end is fixed on On clutch shaft bearing, being disposed with thread bush and fairlead in the second body of rod rear end, described rotary screw and guide post set side by side Putting on pedestal, thread bush and fairlead are nested with respectively on rotary screw and guide post, and connecting in rotary screw lower end has the Four motors, rotary screw upper end connects the second bearing, and guide post upper end fixes with the second bearing, the second motor, the 3rd motor It is connected in control unit with the 4th motor.First body of rod can be rotated by this guiding mechanism, can adjust the simultaneously The height of bipole body, thus regulate the irradiation position of radiation source.Rotating shaft is inserted perpendicularly into and is arranged on the first lever front end, rotating shaft Front end is fixed on radiation source centre position, and the second motor output shaft is paralleled with rotating shaft, the second motor output shaft alignment rotating shaft Rear end connection fixed thereto, the second motor controls radiation source rotational angle.3rd motor output shaft is parallel with second body of rod, 3rd motor output shaft is connected to the second body of rod upper end so that second body of rod rotates along its axis.4th driven by motor screw mandrel rotation Turning, screw mandrel rotation can drive and be enclosed within thread bush thereon and move up and down, so that the second body of rod oscilaltion, fairlead is enclosed within On guide post so that second body of rod remains and do not rocks and be maintained at lifting in same vertical plane.

One beef quality detection method fast and accurately, comprises the following steps:

Step one: prepare beef sample, is placed on sample on bracket, and radiation source adjusts angle and irradiates some inspections respectively Measuring point, on each test point, radiation source intensity increases according to tangent cutve then according to oblique line declines in irradiation process, Control unit collection reflection or transmittance spectra data, then adjust radiation source irradiation position, so some respectively at sample collecting The reflection of difference or transmittance spectra data；

Step 2: each test point spectroscopic data is substituted in accidental resonance model, by accidental resonance model is carried out Single order and second order derivation, and by single order accidental resonance model by quadravalence jade for asking rain Ge Kuta algorithm, calculate each test point noise Compare output valve；

Step 3: the threshold value of each test point signal to noise ratio output valve with setting is compared, it is judged that test point is white light Spectrum or red spectrum, then the test point of dialogue color spectrum and red spectrum is added up, it is judged that the quality of sample.

As a kind of preferred version, each spectroscopic data gathered is substituted in accidental resonance model by step 3 respectively, its Formula is as follows,

WhereinFor input matrix, including periodic sinusoidal signalSpectroscopy signal Spect (t), and in grasp noise N (t), A is signal amplitude, and f is signal frequency, D Being outer noise intensity, ξ (t) is outer noise, and x (t) is Brownian movement Particles Moving lopcus function, and t is movement time；

Accidental resonance model is carried out single order and second order derivation is that (x t) carries out single order and second order derivation for x, and makes V Obtaining its equation is 0, and obtaining formula is,

Set noise intensity D=0,Spect (t)=0, N (t)=0, B=1 tries to achieve periodically The marginal value of signal is

By A_cSubstitute in first derivation function, if X₀(t)=0, sn₀=0；

With quadravalence jade for asking rain Ge Kuta Algorithm for Solving single order accidental resonance model, obtain:

$x_{n+1}\left(t\right)=x_n\left(t\right)+1/6\[{\left(k_1\right)}_n+(2-\sqrt{2}){\left(k_2\right)}_n+(2+\sqrt{2}){\left(k_3\right)}_n+{\left(k_4\right)}_n\]$

And calculate

${\left(k_1\right)}_n=4\left({\mathrm{ax}}_{n-1}\right(t)-{\mathrm{bx}}_{n-1}^3(t)+{\mathrm{sn}}_{n-1})$

${\left(k_2\right)}_n=4\[a\left(x_{n-1}\right(t)+\frac{{\left(k_1\right)}_{n-1}}{2})-b{\left(x_{n-1}\right(t)+\frac{{\left(k_1\right)}_{n-1}}{2})}^3+{\mathrm{sn}}_{n-1}\]$

${\left(k_3\right)}_n=4\[a\left(x_{n-1}\right(t)+\frac{{\left(k_2\right)}_{n-1}}{2})-b{\left(x_{n-1}\right(t)+\frac{\sqrt{2}-1}{2}{\left(k_1\right)}_{n-1}+\frac{2-\sqrt{2}}{2}{\left(k_2\right)}_{n-1})}^3+{\mathrm{sn}}_{n+1}\]$

${\left(k_4\right)}_n=4\[a\left(x_{n-1}\right(t)+{\left(k_3\right)}_{n-1})-b{\left(x_{n-1}\right(t)-\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}{\left(k_2\right)}_{n-1}+\frac{2+\sqrt{2}}{2}{\left(k_3\right)}_{n-1})}^3+{\mathrm{sn}}_{n+1}\]$

Wherein x_nFor the n order derivative value of x (t), sn_nIt is the n order derivative of S (t) value at t=0, n=0,1 ..., N-1, A, b are the constant set, and are calculated x₁(t),x₂(t),…,x_n+1The value of (t)；

To x₁(t),x₂(t),…,x_n+1T () is integrated, obtain x (t), and obtain x (t) at single order and second order derivation letter The double-deck stochastic system that array becomes produces the position x in accidental resonance moment_mValue and x_mCorresponding resonance moment t1 and with t1 institute Corresponding noise D1, D1 are a value in D；D be in the range of [0,1] with a function of 0.01 stepping it is known that the t1 moment, D1 determines that.

Then formula is passed through

$SNR=\sqrt{2}{\left(\mathrm{\Δ}U\frac{4a^3/27b}{D_1}\right)}^2{e}^{-{\left(\mathrm{\Δ}U\right)}^2/D_1}$

Calculate the signal to noise ratio of each spectroscopic data output, obtain SNR₁,SNR₂,…,SNR_i, wherein △ U=a²/4b.In reality In engineering survey, the data of measurement generally comprise echo signal and interference noise, if echo signal is covered by strong background noise Lid, we cannot accurately detect.With the help of accidental resonance, inside grasp that noise is weakened and echo signal small-signal Then effectively amplified so that echo signal is likely caught in.Sometimes the faintest due to echo signal and background noise Too strong, monolayer accidental resonance can not effectively reduce system noise, is therefore accomplished by by monolayer accidental resonance output signal again Secondary delivering to is analyzed in next layer of stochastic resonance system, so can finally realize the purpose that Target Weak Signal is measured.

As a kind of preferred version, the threshold value of each test point signal to noise ratio output valve Yu setting is compared process by step 3 For, if SNR>-68.74, then judge that test point corresponding to this signal to noise ratio output valve, as white spectrum point, is fat meat, if SNR<- 77.49, then judge that test point corresponding to this signal to noise ratio output valve is red spectrum point, be lean meat, the process of statistics is for calculating The number of the test point of white spectrum, is designated as M₁, calculate the number of the test point of red spectrum, be designated as M₂If, AndM is test point quantity, then judgement sample is top grade beef, and otherwise judgement sample is Common beef.

As a kind of preferred version, during detection by first time radiation source position, detect the most each time, irradiate light Source angle is by increasing by 15 degree clockwise.Often rotate an angle, then one test point of conversion.First body of rod can also be coordinated simultaneously Rotate, additionally choose test point.

Therefore, the invention have the advantage that employing spectroscopic way, sample can be carried out Non-Destructive Testing；Apparatus structure letter Single, operate fast and convenient, detection data are accurate.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Accompanying drawing 1 is a kind of structural representation of apparatus of the present invention；

Accompanying drawing 2 is a kind of structural representation of receiving mechanism in apparatus of the present invention；

Accompanying drawing 3 is a kind of cross-sectional view of receiving mechanism slide in the present invention；

Accompanying drawing 4 is the connection block schematic illustration in the present invention between control unit and receiving mechanism, guiding mechanism；

Accompanying drawing 5 is a kind of schematic flow sheet of method in the present invention；

Accompanying drawing 6 is a kind of structural frames diagram of control circuit for light source in the present invention；

Accompanying drawing 7 is a kind of waveform diagram of radiation source Strength Changes in the present invention.

1-pedestal 2-bracket 3-radiation source 4-guiding mechanism 5-receiving mechanism 6-receptor 7-slide 8-rotates Bar 9-chute 10-gathering sill 11-directive wheel 12-control unit 13-drives motor 14-the first motor 15-the second motor 16-the 3rd motor 17-the 4th motor 18-first body of rod 19-second body of rod 20-rotary screw 21-guide post 22-rotating shaft 23-clutch shaft bearing 24-thread bush 25-fairlead 26-the second bearing 28-keyboard 29-input block 30-function memory 31-power amplifier unit 32-lifting set 33-elevating lever 34-adjusts bolt

Detailed description of the invention

Below by embodiment, and combine accompanying drawing, technical scheme is described in further detail.

Embodiment:

The present embodiment one beef quality detecting system fast and accurately, as it is shown in figure 1, include pedestal 1, sets on pedestal Being equipped with the bracket 2 for placing sample, bracket is connected on pedestal by support column.It is provided above radiation source 3 at bracket, Being provided with the guiding mechanism 4 adjusting radiation source position on pedestal, radiation source is rotatably connected on guiding mechanism 4, in torr Receiving mechanism 5 it is provided with below frame, the present internal control unit 12 that arranges, control unit and radiation source, adjusting pole, reception Mechanism is connected.Bracket 2 is arranged on pedestal 1 by lowering or hoisting gear, and described lowering or hoisting gear includes the lifting set being fixed on pedestal 31, lifting set is square hollow cylinder, is inserted into being provided with the square elevating lever 32 coordinated with it, elevating lever upper end at lifting set It is fixed on bracket, lifting set one sidewall has screwed hole, screwed hole is screwed with adjustment bolt 33, by elevating lever and liter Fall set fixes.

As shown in Figures 2 and 3, receiving mechanism 5 includes receptor 6, slide 7 and swingle 8, and slide is with radiation source Rotating shaft is the arcuate structure in the center of circle, slide has and is provided with chute 9, and receptor mobile link is in chute, in chute two side On be provided with gathering sill 10, receptor both sides are correspondingly arranged on directive wheel 11, directive wheel is arranged in gathering sill, receive Device bottom line is provided with roller, and roller is toothed around, bottom chute on be provided with tooth bar, rolling wheel and rack is meshed, and connects It is provided with the driving motor 13 of output shafts in receiving device, drives two output shafts of motor to be connected with roller respectively.Slide is solid Being scheduled on swingle upper end, swingle rotates and is arranged on pedestal 1, and swingle lower end connects the first motor driving swingle to rotate 14, drive motor and the first motor to be connected in control unit 12.

It is connected between radiation source 3 with control unit 12 and has control circuit for light source, as shown in Figure 6, control circuit for light source Including keyboard 28, input block 29, function memory 30 and power amplifier unit 31, keyboard connects input block, and input block connects Function memory, function memory is connected with power amplifier unit, and power amplifier unit is connected with radiation source, and power amplifier unit and control list Unit connects.

As it is shown in figure 1, guiding mechanism 4 includes first body of rod 18, second body of rod 19, rotary screw 20 and guide post 21, the One body of rod is vertically arranged, and radiation source 3 is connected on the lower end of first body of rod by rotating shaft 22, rotating shaft and driver rotate the Two motors 15 are connected, and the first body of rod upper end is through on clutch shaft bearing 23, are provided with the 3rd motor 16, the 3rd electricity on bearing top Machine output shaft and the first body of rod upper end connect, second body of rod and the perpendicular setting of first body of rod, and the second lever front end is fixed on the On one bearing, it is disposed with thread bush 24 in the second body of rod rear end and fairlead 25, rotary screw and guide post are arranged side by side On pedestal, thread bush and fairlead are nested with respectively on rotary screw and guide post, and connecting in rotary screw lower end has the 4th Motor 17, rotary screw upper end connects the second bearing 26, and guide post upper end fixes with the second bearing, the second motor, the 3rd electricity Machine and the 4th motor are connected in control unit 12.

Guiding mechanism controls radiation source position, and radiation source can rotate under the second motor controls around the shaft, Control radiation source irradiating angle.First body of rod can pivot under the 3rd motor controls, and adjusts radiation source planar 360 degree of rotations, rotary screw can adjust the second body of rod oscilaltion, adjusts the radiation source position at height.Receive structure Middle swingle is controlled to rotate by the first motor, and control unit controls the first motor anglec of rotation and the 3rd motor anglec of rotation one Sample, i.e. makes first body of rod anglec of rotation as the slide anglec of rotation so that receptor can align radiation source all the time.Drive Motor drives receptor to move, and this receptor to keep aliging with radiation source, and receptor is when mobile, upon receipt of irradiation The transmission light of light source, then stop mobile, and now receptor aligns with radiation source.

As it is shown in figure 5, beef quality detection method comprises the following steps:

Step one: prepare beef sample, beef sample thickness is 2mm-30mm, uses the sample of 15mm thickness in the present embodiment Product.Being placed on bracket by sample, radiation source adjusts angle and irradiates some test points respectively, irradiates light on each test point Source strength increases according to tangent cutve then according to oblique line declines change, control unit collection reflection or transmission in irradiation process Spectroscopic data, then adjusts radiation source irradiation position, so at reflection or the transmitted spectrum of the some variant points of sample collecting Data.This adjustment angle, for by first time radiation source position, detects the most each time, and radiation source angle is by clockwise Increase by 15 degree, thus can obtain the spectroscopic data of some test points.

Step 2: each test point spectroscopic data is substituted in accidental resonance model, by accidental resonance model is carried out Single order and second order derivation, and by single order accidental resonance model by quadravalence jade for asking rain Ge Kuta algorithm, calculate each test point noise Compare output valve.

Substituting in accidental resonance model respectively by each spectroscopic data gathered, its formula is as follows,

WhereinFor input matrix, including periodic sinusoidal signalSpectroscopy signal Spect (t), and in grasp noise N (t), A is signal amplitude, f be signal frequency Rate, D is outer noise intensity, and ξ (t) is outer noise, and x (t) is Brownian movement Particles Moving lopcus function, and t is movement time.

Accidental resonance model is carried out single order and second order derivation is that (x t) carries out single order and second order derivation for x, and makes V Obtaining its equation is 0, and obtaining formula is,

Set noise intensity D=0,Spect (t)=0, N (t)=0, B=1 tries to achieve periodically The marginal value of signal is

By A_cSubstitute in first derivation function, if X₀(t)=0, sn₀=0；

With quadravalence jade for asking rain Ge Kuta Algorithm for Solving single order accidental resonance model, obtain:

$x_{n+1}\left(t\right)=x_n\left(t\right)+1/6\&lsqb;{\left(k_1\right)}_n+(2-\sqrt{2}){\left(k_2\right)}_n+(2+\sqrt{2}){\left(k_3\right)}_n+{\left(k_4\right)}_n\&rsqb;$

And calculate

${\left(k_1\right)}_n=4\left({\mathrm{ax}}_{n-1}\right(t)-{\mathrm{bx}}_{n-1}^3(t)+{\mathrm{sn}}_{n-1})$

${\left(k_2\right)}_n=4\&lsqb;a\left(x_{n-1}\right(t)+\frac{{\left(k_1\right)}_{n-1}}{2})-b{\left(x_{n-1}\right(t)+\frac{{\left(k_1\right)}_{n-1}}{2})}^3+{\mathrm{sn}}_{n-1}\&rsqb;$

${\left(k_3\right)}_n=4\&lsqb;a\left(x_{n-1}\right(t)+\frac{{\left(k_2\right)}_{n-1}}{2})-b{\left(x_{n-1}\right(t)+\frac{\sqrt{2}-1}{2}{\left(k_1\right)}_{n-1}+\frac{2-\sqrt{2}}{2}{\left(k_2\right)}_{n-1})}^3+{\mathrm{sn}}_{n+1}\&rsqb;$

${\left(k_4\right)}_n=4\&lsqb;a\left(x_{n-1}\right(t)+{\left(k_3\right)}_{n-1})-b{\left(x_{n-1}\right(t)-\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}{\left(k_2\right)}_{n-1}+\frac{2+\sqrt{2}}{2}{\left(k_3\right)}_{n-1})}^3+{\mathrm{sn}}_{n+1}\&rsqb;$

Wherein x_nFor the n order derivative value of x (t), sn_nIt is the n order derivative of S (t) value at t=0, n=0,1 ..., N-1, A, b are the constant set, and are calculated x₁(t),x₂(t),…,x_n+1The value of (t)；

To x₁(t),x₂(t),…,x_n+1T () is integrated, obtain x (t), and obtain x (t) at single order and second order derivation letter The double-deck stochastic system that array becomes produces the position x in accidental resonance moment_mValue and x_mCorresponding resonance moment t1 and with t1 institute Corresponding noise D1, D1 are a value in D.

Then formula is passed through

$SNR=\sqrt{2}{\left(\mathrm{\&Delta;}U\frac{4a^3/27b}{D_1}\right)}^2{e}^{-{\left(\mathrm{\&Delta;}U\right)}^2/D_1}$

Calculate the signal to noise ratio of each spectroscopic data output, obtain SNR₁,SNR₂,…,SNR_i, wherein △ U=a²/4b。

Step 3: the threshold value of each test point signal to noise ratio output valve with setting is compared, it is judged that test point is white light Spectrum or red spectrum, then the test point of dialogue color spectrum and red spectrum is added up, it is judged that the quality of sample.

Each test point signal to noise ratio output valve and the threshold value set are compared process as, if SNR >-68.74, then judge should Test point corresponding to signal to noise ratio output valve is white spectrum point, is fat meat, if SNR <-77.49, then judges this signal to noise ratio output valve Corresponding test point is red spectrum point, is lean meat, and the process of statistics is the number of the test point calculating white spectrum, is designated as M₁, Calculate the number of the test point of red spectrum, be designated as M₂If,Andm For test point quantity, then judgement sample is top grade beef, and otherwise judgement sample is common beef.

Specific embodiment described herein is only to present invention spirit explanation for example.Technology neck belonging to the present invention Described specific embodiment can be made various amendment or supplements or use similar mode to replace by the technical staff in territory Generation, but without departing from the spirit of the present invention or surmount scope defined in appended claims.

Although the most more employ the terms such as pedestal, bracket, radiation source, guiding mechanism, receiving mechanism, but not Get rid of the probability using other term.Use these terms to be only used to more easily to describe and explain the basis of the present invention Matter；It is all contrary with spirit of the present invention for being construed as any additional restriction.

Claims (8)

1. a beef quality detecting system fast and accurately, it is characterised in that: include pedestal (1), pedestal is provided with use In the bracket (2) of placement sample, being provided above radiation source (3) at bracket, described radiation source is rotatably connected on adjustment and shines Penetrating on the guiding mechanism (4) of light source position, guiding mechanism is arranged on pedestal, is provided with receiving mechanism (5) below bracket, Arranging control unit (12) in pedestal, control unit is connected with radiation source, adjusting pole, receiving mechanism；At described irradiation light Being connected between source (3) with control unit (12) and have control circuit for light source, control circuit for light source includes keyboard (28), input block (29), function memory (30) and power amplifier unit (31), described keyboard connection input block, the storage of input block connectivity function Device, function memory is connected with power amplifier unit, and power amplifier unit is connected with radiation source, and power amplifier unit is connected with control unit； Described bracket (2) is arranged on pedestal (1) by lowering or hoisting gear, and described lowering or hoisting gear includes the lifting set being fixed on pedestal (32), lifting set is square hollow cylinder, is inserted into being provided with, at lifting set, the square elevating lever (33) coordinated with it, elevating lever Upper end is fixed on bracket, has screwed hole, be screwed with adjustment bolt (34) on screwed hole on lifting set one sidewall, will lifting Bar and lifting set fix；

Radiation source: electromagnetic radiation is detected light beam, and the reflected light information on sample can be received, feed back to control unit；

Receiving mechanism: remain and align with radiation source, receives the transmission light of radiation source, and feeds back to control unit；

Control unit: control radiation source, guiding mechanism, receiving mechanism work, feed back according to radiation source or receiving mechanism Spectral information, calculates sample signal to noise ratio by accidental resonance analysis meter, and with drawing sample freshness information after tables of data.

Beef quality detecting system fast and accurately the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that described receiving mechanism (5) wraps Having included receptor (6), slide (7) and swingle (8), described slide is the arcuate structure with radiation source rotating shaft as the center of circle, sliding Having on Zuo and be provided with chute (9), described receptor is arranged in chute, is provided with gathering sill (10) on chute two side, Being correspondingly arranged on directive wheel (11) on receptor both sides, directive wheel is arranged in gathering sill, and receptor bottom line is provided with rolling Wheel, roller is toothed around, bottom chute on be provided with tooth bar, rolling wheel and rack is meshed, and slide is fixed on swingle End, swingle rotates and is arranged on pedestal (1).

Beef quality detecting system fast and accurately the most according to claim 2, sets in it is characterized in that described receptor (6) It is equipped with the driving motor (13) of output shafts, drives two output shafts of motor to be connected with roller respectively, at described swingle Lower end connects the first motor (14) driving swingle to rotate, and drives motor and the first motor to be connected to control unit (12) On.

Beef quality detecting system fast and accurately the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that described guiding mechanism (4) wraps Including first body of rod (18), second body of rod (19), rotary screw (20) and guide post (21), first body of rod is vertically arranged, described photograph Penetrating light source (3) to be connected on the lower end of first body of rod by rotating shaft (22), the second motor that rotating shaft rotates with driver is connected, First body of rod upper end is through on clutch shaft bearing (23), is provided with the 3rd motor (16) on bearing top, the 3rd motor output shaft with First body of rod upper end connects, and described second body of rod and the perpendicular setting of first body of rod, the second lever front end is fixed on clutch shaft bearing On, thread bush (24) and fairlead (25) it is disposed with in the second body of rod rear end, described rotary screw and guide post set side by side Putting on pedestal, thread bush and fairlead are nested with respectively on rotary screw and guide post, and connecting in rotary screw lower end has the Four motors (17), rotary screw upper end connects the second bearing (26), and guide post upper end fixes with the second bearing, the second motor, 3rd motor and the 4th motor are connected in control unit (12).

5. a beef quality detection method fast and accurately, uses the system in any one of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that: Comprise the following steps:

Step one: prepare beef sample, is placed on sample on bracket, and radiation source adjusts angle and irradiates some detections respectively Point, on each test point, radiation source intensity increases according to tangent cutve then according to oblique line declines change in irradiation process Change, control unit collection reflection or transmittance spectra data, then adjust radiation source irradiation position, so some at sample collecting The reflection of variant point or transmittance spectra data；

Step 2: each test point spectroscopic data is substituted in accidental resonance model, by accidental resonance model is carried out single order With second order derivation, and by single order accidental resonance model by quadravalence jade for asking rain Ge Kuta algorithm, calculate each test point signal to noise ratio defeated Go out value；

Step 3: the threshold value of each test point signal to noise ratio output valve with setting is compared, it is judged that test point be white spectrum also Being red spectrum, then the test point of dialogue color spectrum and red spectrum is added up, it is judged that the quality of sample.

Beef quality detection method fast and accurately the most according to claim 5, is characterized in that collection in step 2 Each spectroscopic data substitutes in accidental resonance model respectively, and its formula is as follows,

WhereinFor input matrix, including periodic sinusoidal signalSpectroscopy signal Spect (t), and in grasp noise N (t), A is signal amplitude, and f is signal frequency, D is outer noise intensity, and ξ (t) is outer noise, and x (t) is Brownian movement Particles Moving lopcus function, and t is movement time；

Accidental resonance model is carried out single order and second order derivation is that (x t) carries out single order and second order derivation for x, and makes it V Equation is 0, obtains formula and is,

Set noise intensity D=0,Spect (t)=0, N (t)=0, B=1 tries to achieve cyclical signal Marginal value be

By A_cSubstitute in first derivation function, if X₀(t)=0, sn₀=0；

With quadravalence jade for asking rain Ge Kuta Algorithm for Solving single order accidental resonance model, obtain:

$x_{n+1}\left(t\right)=x_n\left(t\right)+1/6\&lsqb;{\left(k_1\right)}_n+(2-\sqrt{2}){\left(k_2\right)}_n+(2+\sqrt{2}){\left(k_3\right)}_n+{\left(k_4\right)}_n\&rsqb;$

And calculate

${\left(k_1\right)}_n=4\left({\mathrm{ax}}_{n-1}\right(t)-{\mathrm{bx}}_{n-1}^3(t)+{\mathrm{sn}}_{n-1})$

${\left(k_2\right)}_n=4\&lsqb;a\left(x_{n-1}\right(t)+\frac{{\left(k_1\right)}_{n-1}}{2})-b{\left(x_{n-1}\right(t)+\frac{{\left(k_1\right)}_{n-1}}{2})}^3+{\mathrm{sn}}_{n-1}\&rsqb;$

${\left(k_3\right)}_n=4\&lsqb;a\left(x_{n-1}\right(t)+\frac{{\left(k_2\right)}_{n-1}}{2})-b{\left(x_{n-1}\right(t)+\frac{\sqrt{2}-1}{2}{\left(k_1\right)}_{n-1}+\frac{2-\sqrt{2}}{2}{\left(k_2\right)}_{n-1})}^3+{\mathrm{sn}}_{n+1}\&rsqb;$

${\left(k_4\right)}_n=4\&lsqb;a\left(x_{n-1}\right(t)+{\left(k_3\right)}_{n-1})-b{\left(x_{n-1}\right(t)-\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}{\left(k_2\right)}_{n-1}+\frac{2+\sqrt{2}}{2}{\left(k_3\right)}_{n-1})}^3+{\mathrm{sn}}_{n+1}\&rsqb;$

Wherein x_nFor the n order derivative value of x (t), sn_nIt is the n order derivative of S (t) value at t=0, n=0,1 ..., N-1, a, b are The constant set, is calculated x₁(t),x₂(t),…,x_n+1The value of (t)；

To x₁(t),x₂(t),…,x_n+1T () is integrated, obtain x (t), and obtain x (t) in single order and second order derivation group of functions The double-deck stochastic system become produces the position x in accidental resonance moment_mValue and x_mCorresponding resonance moment t1 and with t1 corresponding to Noise D1, D1 be a value in D；

Then formula is passed through

$SNR=\sqrt{2}{\left(\mathrm{\&Delta;}U\frac{4a^3/27b}{D_1}\right)}^2{e}^{-{\left(\mathrm{\&Delta;}U\right)}^2/D_1}$

Calculate the signal to noise ratio of each spectroscopic data output, obtain SNR₁,SNR₂,…,SNR_i, wherein

△ U=a²/4b。

7., according to the beef quality detection method fast and accurately described in claim 5 or 6, it is characterized in that step 3 is by each detection Point signal to noise ratio output valve and the threshold value set compare process as, if SNR >-68.74, then judge this signal to noise ratio output valve pair The test point answered is white spectrum point, is fat meat, if SNR <-77.49, then judges the test point that this signal to noise ratio output valve is corresponding For red spectrum point, being lean meat, the process of statistics is the number of the test point calculating white spectrum, is designated as M₁, calculate redness The number of the test point of spectrum, is designated as M₂If,AndI=1 ... m, m are test point quantity, Then judgement sample is top grade beef, and otherwise judgement sample is common beef.

8. according to the beef quality detection method fast and accurately described in claim 5 or 6, by for the first time when it is characterized in that detecting Radiation source position starts, and detects the most each time, and radiation source angle is by increasing by 15 degree clockwise.