CN104089877B - A kind of wide-range scope turbidimeter - Google Patents
A kind of wide-range scope turbidimeter Download PDFInfo
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- CN104089877B CN104089877B CN201410326673.6A CN201410326673A CN104089877B CN 104089877 B CN104089877 B CN 104089877B CN 201410326673 A CN201410326673 A CN 201410326673A CN 104089877 B CN104089877 B CN 104089877B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of wide-range scope turbidimeter, it is made up of variable angle mechanism, adjusting luminous flux attenuator, light source emitter and sample cell.When measuring low turbidity sample, scattered light intensity is more weak, adopts variable angle mechanism to measure, and it can be measured the area of scattered light by increase thus increase the intensity can measuring scattered light; When measuring high concentrtion sample, too high scattered light intensity can cause the spilling of detector signal, can not get correct turbidity value, at this moment adopts adjustable optical attenuator, regulates the luminous flux entering sample cell, and reduce scattered light intensity, increase can measure turbidity scope.Sample turbidity height is judged by transmitted intensity, and by corresponding signal feedback mechanism, selects corresponding attenuator aperture.The present invention, to the sample of different turbidity, adopts and realizes different measuring mode, the object finally realize wide-range scope, accurately measuring.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to optical gauge technical field, be specifically related to a kind of wide-range scope turbidimeter.
Background technology
Turbidity, the i.e. turbidity of water, contain micro-insoluble suspended material by water, caused by colloidal material.Turbidimeter, also known as nephelometer, can water-supply plant, power plant, industrial and mining enterprises, laboratory and field be on the spot to the test of water sample turbidity.The measurement of turbidity has important meaning in the life of people He in commercial production.Particularly in environmental monitoring, food, medicine, electronics and energy industry, all to monitor medium turbidity in production procedure, with the object reaching production control process He improve the quality of products.
Along with the development of science and technology and people are to the attention of health, when detecting water quality, also progressively improve the requirement that turbidity value is measured, therefore the design of novel turbidimeter is provided with suitable necessity.In conventional optical turbidimeter, take measurement of an angle (detector) of scattered light is generally all the direction of 90 degree vertical with incident light source, like this to the sample of low concentration, because the area of receiving scattered light is less, so not easily provide an accurate measurement result; To high concentrtion sample, because the intensity of receiving scattered light is too large, exceeds detector investigative range and can not measure.The present invention is just for addressing these problems and designing.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming the above problems, the invention provides a kind of wide-range scope turbidimeter.It adopts scattering type mensuration, adopts different measuring mode according to turbidity height by turbidimeter.Its structure is simple, be skillfully constructed, and when carrying out turbidimetry, method is simple, and be applicable to wide-range scope and measure, its measurement result is accurate.
Wide-range turbidimeter of the present invention have employed variable angle mechanism and adjustable optical attenuator design; Variable angle mechanism is used for the detection of low turbidity sample, and its angle controlling incident beam and scattered beam is between 90 ~ 180 degree, and turbidity is lower, and angle is less, and to ensure that area of detection is large, the intensity of detection signal is strong, thus reaches the object accurately measured; Adjustable optical attenuator is used for the detection of high concentrtion sample, and it can effectively reduce the light intensity entering sample, reduces scattered light intensity, increases sample turbidimetry scope.When measuring high concentrtion sample, the angle of incident beam and scattered beam controls to be 90 degree.
Technical scheme of the present invention is specifically described as follows.
A kind of wide-range scope turbidimeter, it is made up of variable angle mechanism, adjusting luminous flux attenuator, light source emitter and sample cell; Wherein:
Described variable angle mechanism comprises stepper motor, spiroid, crank and rocker mechanism and detector; The axle of described stepper motor is fixedly installed bevel gear by jackscrew, the gear external toothing of described bevel gear and spiroid; Described crank and rocker mechanism comprises driving link fixed pedestal, driven member fixed pedestal, crank, connecting rod, rocking bar and 1/4 circular arc part; Driving link fixed pedestal, driven member pedestal and 1/4 circular arc part are placed on surface level; Connecting rod is flexibly connected with crank, rocking bar respectively by hinge, between the bearing of crank and driving link fixed pedestal, and adopts worm drive between the bearing of rocking bar and driven member fixed pedestal; Worm drive between the bearing of the driving link fixed pedestal in one end of described spiroid and crank and rocker mechanism; The center of circle of described 1/4 circular arc part is the tie point of rocking bar and driven member fixed pedestal bearing, and radius is the length of rocking bar, and 1/4 circular arc part surface arranges chute; Described detector is placed in the chute of 1/4 circular arc part, is fixedly connected with bottom it with rocking bar; Described light source emitter is arranged between the driving link fixed pedestal of crank and rocker mechanism and driven member fixed pedestal, and is positioned at the side near driving link fixed pedestal; Described sample cell is fixedly installed on above driven member fixed pedestal; Described adjusting luminous flux attenuator is placed between light source emitter and sample cell.
Above-mentioned adjusting luminous flux attenuator is placed on liftable fixed pedestal.
Above-mentioned adjusting luminous flux attenuator is mechanical type sheet light-keeping-off type attenuator.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: structure of the present invention is simple, be skillfully constructed, it is by variable angle mechanism and adjustable optical attenuator structural design, to the sample of different turbidity, adopt and realize different measuring mode, the object finally can realize wide-range scope, accurately measuring.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the wide-range scope turbidimeter structure in the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the principle schematic of the variable angle scatterometry turbidity in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the crank and rocker mechanism drive mechanism schematic diagram in variable angle mechanism design system of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the stepper motor signal flow schematic diagram in variable angle mechanism design system of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the adjustable attenuator VOA structural representation in the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the workflow diagram of the adjustable attenuator VOA in the present invention.
Number in the figure: 1-stepper motor; 2-bevel gear; 3-spiroid; 4-crank and rocker mechanism; 5-light source emitter; 6-adjusting luminous flux attenuator; 7-liftable pedestal; 8-sample cell; 9-detector; 40-driving link fixed pedestal; 41-driven member fixed pedestal; 42-crank; 43-connecting rod; 44-rocking bar; 45-1/4 circular arc part.
Embodiment
For further describing particular content of the present invention, enumerating embodiment below, coordinating accompanying drawing to be described in detail as follows.
Embodiment 1
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the wide-range scope turbidimeter structure in the present invention.
Stepper motor 1, as the dynamical element of whole turbidimeter, the axle of stepper motor 1 is fixedly installed bevel gear 2 by jackscrew, the gear external toothing of bevel gear 2 and spiroid 3; The bearing of spiroid 3 is vertical with the moving bearing space of stepper motor 1, for slowing down the output power of stepper motor 1.
Crank and rocker mechanism 4 is made up of driving link fixed pedestal 40, driven member fixed pedestal 41, crank 42, connecting rod 43, rocking bar 44 and 1/4 circular arc part 45.Connecting rod 43 in crank and rocker mechanism is connected through the hinge crank 42 and rocking bar 44.Helical rotation between the bearing of crank 42 and driving link fixed pedestal 40 and between the bearing of rocking bar 44 and driven member fixed pedestal 41, the axle helical rotation of the threaded bearing end of spiroid 3 and the driving link fixed pedestal 40 of crank and rocker mechanism 4.
Sample cell 8 is fixed on above driven member fixed pedestal 41.Light source emitter 5 is in crank and rocker mechanism 4 between driving link fixed pedestal 40 and driven member fixed pedestal 41, and near driving link fixed pedestal 40 side, the light beam that light source emitter 5 is launched is parallel to the line of sample cell 8 and driving link fixed pedestal 40.
1/4 circular arc part 45 is for radius with rocking bar 44, with the thin circular arc of 90 degree to 180 degree that driven member fixed pedestal 41 manufactures for the center of circle with the tie point of rocking bar 44,1/4 circular arc part 45 arranges chute, detector 9 is placed in chute, and be connected with the rocking bar 44 in crank and rocker mechanism 4, with the reciprocally swinging of crank and rocker mechanism 4, detector 9 slides on this 1/4 circular arc part 45, realize the variable angle detection sample turbidity of detector 9, obtain sample turbidity value.
Adjusting luminous flux attenuator 6 is arranged between light source emitter 5 and sample cell 8; Adjusting luminous flux attenuator 6 can be placed on liftable pedestal 7 simultaneously.When sample turbidity is comparatively large, when needing to carry out light intensity attenuation to incident beam, manually press the raise button of liftable pedestal 7, after light beam is first decayed by adjusting luminous flux attenuator 6, arrive sample cell again; When sample turbidity is less, during without the need to carrying out light intensity attenuation to incident beam, manually pressing the reduction button of liftable pedestal 7, making light beam directly arrive sample cell 8.
During detection, whether whether operating personnel need analyze this turbidity value in sensing range to turbidity value signal, be correct turbidity value, then determine whether change detector 9 detection angle, the need of adding adjusting luminous flux attenuator 5 and regulating.
How Turbidity measurement is carried out to the sample of wide-range scope be described in detail with regard to designing for variable angle mechanism design and adjusting luminous flux attenuator 5 respectively below.
One, variable angle mechanism design
Variable angle mechanism design is adopted to detect low turbidity sample in the present invention.It makes use of the principle of variable angle scatterometry turbidity, as shown in Figure 2.
The reason of employing variable angle scattering is the detection area difference of different incidence angles degree.Fig. 2 a and Fig. 2 b is the contrast of scattered light area in the sample under different scattering angle received by detector.Assuming that the width of incident light is 1, the optical path width that scattered light enters detector is also 1:
=1
1=1
=L
1=
1
0<
<1
>1 namely
>
As: when
when=120 degree,
=1
1=2>
When
when=110 degree,
=1
1=1.06>
From above formula, the sample area that the corresponding light of 90 ~ 180 degree of variable angle scattered lights passes through be greater than scattered light 90 degree vertical time the corresponding light sample area that passes through, the turbidity measurement obtained like this is more accurate, and variable angle scattered light has more advantage than right angle scattered light in turbidimetry.Within the scope of low turbidity, to the sample of different turbidity, can adopt different taking measurement of an angle, the sample that turbidity is high adopts large taking measurement of an angle; The water body that turbidity is little adopts little taking measurement of an angle, and to ensure large area of detection, ensures the intensity of detection signal.
In variable angle mechanism design system of the present invention, spiroid 3 is reducing gears.Procedure for Spiroid Gearing is applicable to the crossed-axes gear drive (can not be 90 degree) that ratio of gear is greater than 10.Spiroid 3 is easy to found and assemble, and spiroid axial displacement does not destroy flank of tooth conjugation.When Procedure for Spiroid Gearing steadily, carrying ability is large, efficiency is high, transmission contrast is large, structure is also cut with scissors compact, can also self-locking during worm screw revesal, is applicable to turbidimeter and measures, also fix angle by such physical construction mode.
The structural representation of the crank and rocker mechanism 4 in the present invention in variable angle mechanism design system as shown in Figure 3.Crank and rocker mechanism 4 is the topworks in mechanical system, and crank and rocker mechanism 4 has quickreturn characteristics, shortens the non-measured time, shortens the overall Measuring Time of sample.Consider that the object that turbidimeter is measured comprises acid and alkali substance, so crank and rocker mechanism 4 material selects good mechanical property, moisture-proof, corrosion-resistant material as far as possible.
In the present invention, in variable angle mechanism design system, the schematic flow sheet of stepper motor 1 signal is as shown in Figure 4.
Stepper motor 1 is the control gear in mechanical system, electric impulse signal is changed into the opened loop control unit of angular displacement or displacement of the lines by it, when step actuator receives a pulse signal, it rotates a fixing angle with regard to driving stepping electricity 1 machine by the direction of setting, be called " step angle θ ", θ=360 degree/(the rotor number of teeth) * runs umber of pulse, and its rotation runs step by step with step angle θ angle.Maximum with detector Received signal strength, when signal does not overflow again simultaneously, angle residing for detector 9 is optimum measurement angle.Detector 9, often through the angle of a specific range, will suspend because of stepper motor characteristic, at this time record the turbidity value that next detector detects.
When utilizing variable angle mechanism to detect low turbidity sample, first detector 9 is in nearly 180 degree of maximum angle places (namely close to horizontal position), obtains a maximum reference turbidity value.Then first judge whether detector 9 signal occurs and overflows, decision method regulates stepper motor 1 to send multiple umber of pulse to form a wide-angle step angle, order stepper motor 1 task again, be equivalent to coarse adjustment, after again walking a wide-angle step angle, characteristic according to stepping point machine 1 stops again, records the turbidity value detected.If gained turbidity value is consistent with reference to turbidity value with maximum, then illustrates that detector 9 signal overflows, need again to turn detection angle down, then the like, until the turbidity value recorded is just lower than maximum reference turbidity value, be detection turbidity value.If gained turbidity value is less with reference to turbidity value than maximum, then illustrate that detector 9 signal does not overflow, at this moment stepper motor 1 is needed to send pulse signal unit angle, increase detection angle, order stepper task again, be equivalent to fine tuning, after again walking a unit angle, characteristic according to stepper stops again, record the turbidity value now detected, and compare with reference to turbidity value with maximum, repeat above-mentioned steps, until the turbidity value recorded is just lower than maximum reference turbidity value, be detection turbidity value.First coarse adjustment is in a word the measurement turbidity value of this sample when the turbidity value that rear fine tuning obtains just does not increase because detection angle increases.
In the present invention, the setting of adjusting luminous flux attenuator 6 is for high concentrtion sample test.Adjustable light decay flux subtract device 6 adopt adjustable attenuator VOA as shown in Figure 5, this optical attenuator have technical maturity, good optical properties, filter with low insertion loss, Polarization Dependent Loss little, without the need to advantages such as temperature controls.It can effectively reduce the light intensity entering sample, reduces scattered light intensity, prevents photoreceiver saturated, make scattered light within the investigative range of detector 9.
The workflow diagram of adjustable attenuator VOA, as shown in Figure 6.Apertures different on adjustable attenuator VOA represents different attenuation coefficients, the selection of attenuation coefficient is with reference to transmitted intensity, namely certain transmitted intensity is set, turbidity lower than the threshold value then interpret sample measured is high, attenuator need be added, lower than certain threshold value, then the turbidity of interpret sample is lower, does not need to decay to light source.
When adjusting luminous flux attenuator 6 being used for the detection of high concentrtion sample, variable angle mechanism is adjusted to 90 degree (namely detector 9 is positioned at the highest point of 1/4 circular arc part 45), first sample is assumed maximum turbidity, select the minimum-value aperture that attenuation coefficient is minimum, transmitted intensity is minimum, scattered light intensity is maximum, obtains maximum with reference to turbidity value.Then judge whether detector 9 signal occurs and overflows, and decision method is selection larger aperture, obtains a turbidity value, and compare with reference to turbidity value with maximum.If consistent with reference to turbidity value with maximum, then illustrate that signal overflows, and at this moment needs to select larger aperture, carries out coarse adjustment, obtain turbidity value and again compare with reference to turbidity value with maximum, repeat above-mentioned steps; If less with reference to turbidity value than maximum, at this moment need to select less aperture, carry out fine tuning, until the turbidity value obtained just does not change because of the change in aperture, in a word, first coarse adjustment, fine tuning again, select differential declines coefficient aperture, until gained turbidity value does not diminish because of the increase in aperture, the turbidity value at this moment obtained is for measuring turbidity value.
Claims (3)
1. a wide-range scope turbidimeter, is characterized in that: it is made up of variable angle mechanism, adjusting luminous flux attenuator, light source emitter and sample cell; Wherein:
Described variable angle mechanism comprises stepper motor, spiroid, crank and rocker mechanism and detector; The axle of described stepper motor is fixedly installed bevel gear by jackscrew, the gear external toothing of described bevel gear and spiroid; Described crank and rocker mechanism comprises driving link fixed pedestal, driven member fixed pedestal, crank, connecting rod, rocking bar and 1/4 circular arc part; Driving link fixed pedestal, driven member pedestal and 1/4 circular arc part are placed on surface level; Connecting rod is flexibly connected with crank, rocking bar respectively by hinge, between the bearing of crank and driving link fixed pedestal, and adopts worm drive between the bearing of rocking bar and driven member fixed pedestal; Worm drive are adopted between the bearing of the driving link fixed pedestal in one end of described spiroid and crank and rocker mechanism; The center of circle of described 1/4 circular arc part is the tie point of rocking bar and driven member fixed pedestal bearing, and radius is the length of rocking bar, and 1/4 circular arc part surface arranges chute; Described detector is placed in the chute of 1/4 circular arc part, is fixedly connected with bottom it with rocking bar; Described light source emitter is arranged between the driving link fixed pedestal of crank and rocker mechanism and driven member fixed pedestal, and is positioned at the side near driving link fixed pedestal; Described sample cell is fixedly installed on above driven member fixed pedestal; Described adjusting luminous flux attenuator is placed between light source emitter and sample cell.
2. wide-range scope turbidimeter according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described adjusting luminous flux attenuator is placed on liftable fixed pedestal.
3. wide-range scope turbidimeter according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described adjusting luminous flux attenuator is mechanical type sheet light-keeping-off type attenuator.
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| CN104777136B (en) * | 2015-03-25 | 2018-06-19 | 深圳市贝沃德克生物技术研究院有限公司 | Biological marker object detecting method and system based on surface plasma resonance technology |
| CN110736723B (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2022-08-16 | 常州罗盘星检测科技有限公司 | Method and system for online simultaneous detection of low turbidity and high turbidity |
| CN110646379A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-01-03 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Device for measuring aviation kerosene turbidity continuous angle scattering signals |
| CN111595823A (en) * | 2020-03-09 | 2020-08-28 | 宁波普瑞柏生物技术股份有限公司 | Scattering turbidimetry measuring instrument |
| CN112666099B (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2024-08-16 | 浙江必利夫检测科技有限公司 | Visible spectrophotometer for detecting aldehydes and detection method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US3026764A (en) * | 1956-08-01 | 1962-03-27 | Upjohn Co | Automatic recording nephelometer |
| US4647432A (en) * | 1982-11-30 | 1987-03-03 | Japan Tectron Instruments Corporation Tokuyama Soda Kabushiki Kaisha | Automatic analysis apparatus |
| JPH06281574A (en) * | 1993-03-29 | 1994-10-07 | Yokogawa Electric Corp | Turbidity measuring apparatus |
| JP2002048714A (en) * | 2000-08-04 | 2002-02-15 | Kurabo Ind Ltd | Turbidity measuring device |
| JP2006317270A (en) * | 2005-05-12 | 2006-11-24 | Yokogawa Electric Corp | Turbidity meter |
| CN2898816Y (en) * | 2005-07-26 | 2007-05-09 | 王宗凯 | Measuring system of optical parameter by spatial angle distribution |
| CN101539458B (en) * | 2009-04-30 | 2011-05-11 | 合肥工业大学 | Full automatic atmospheric polarization mode image acquisition system and system control method |
| JP5740264B2 (en) * | 2011-09-20 | 2015-06-24 | 株式会社日立ハイテクノロジーズ | Automatic analyzer and analysis method |
| CN102590156B (en) * | 2012-02-03 | 2015-03-11 | 中国科学院化学研究所 | In-situ integrated multi-spectrum measurement system and detection method |
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