CN110736723B - Method and system for online simultaneous detection of low turbidity and high turbidity - Google Patents
Method and system for online simultaneous detection of low turbidity and high turbidity Download PDFInfo
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- CN110736723B CN110736723B CN201910994139.5A CN201910994139A CN110736723B CN 110736723 B CN110736723 B CN 110736723B CN 201910994139 A CN201910994139 A CN 201910994139A CN 110736723 B CN110736723 B CN 110736723B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/47—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection
- G01N21/49—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection within a body or fluid
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/59—Transmissivity
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for online simultaneous detection of low turbidity and high turbidity, which comprise a detection pool unit, an optical system unit and a software calculation processing data unit. The optical unit comprises two testing channels, one testing channel is used for performing scattering testing, the other testing channel is used for performing transmission testing, the two testing channels comprise a light-emitting element and two photosensitive elements, the light-emitting element and the scattering photosensitive element in the optical system unit are arranged on the circuit board at a non-linear angle, and the transmission photosensitive element is arranged at the position opposite to the straight line of the light-emitting element and is respectively used for performing scattering and transmission testing; when the optical unit tests a water sample, the optical unit can simultaneously perform scattering test and transmission test on the water sample; and setting a scattering signal threshold, a light intensity threshold, multistage scattering current, multistage transmission current and scattering and transmission current switching to test the turbidity of the water sample. The invention can optimize the actual requirements of monitoring the turbidity of the water environment in China.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of detection, in particular to a method and a system for online simultaneous detection of low turbidity and high turbidity.
Background
The turbidity is not only the most important physical appearance index for representing water quality, but also means the content of various toxic and harmful substances in water, so that the accurate measurement of the turbidity in water is important.
Water is taken as a life source and directly relates to the health condition of people and the industrial production quality, but the monitoring of water quality is not easy, the indexes for measuring the water quality in the actual monitoring process are very many, the turbidity is one of important indexes for measuring the water quality condition, a water factory draws water from a place with less pollution in a long distance, although the water quality is improved, the water production cost is improved, and along with different seasons (tidal rivers) and gas phases, even the water in the same water source place has great turbidity difference, in order to enable the introduced source water to meet the national requirements, the water quality of inlet water must be strictly detected; tap water companies directly discharge a large amount of untreated filter tank backwashing wastewater and sedimentation tank sludge water into rivers, so that channel siltation is caused, and a certain degree of negative influence is caused on the water environment, so that sewage needs to be treated and then discharged; in both cases, the turbidity of water must be strictly measured by a large amount of manpower and material resources.
The turbidity measurement methods used in general include spectrophotometry, visual turbidimetry, and turbidimetry. The turbidity of the water sample is controlled by a visual method, and the error is large. At present, the measurement of turbidity is based on an optical method, and the measurement is complex, and the turbidity is not only related to suspended matters, but also related to the components of impurities in water, the particle size and the chromaticity of the water. The principle of the transmission light type turbidimeter is simple, the design of the instrument is also simple, a larger turbidity range can be obtained by adopting transmission type measurement, but the accuracy is easily influenced by the color of a water sample body, and the transmission light type turbidimeter is suitable for measuring a high-turbidity water sample; the scattering turbidity meter is suitable for water samples with lower turbidity, and the scattering light intensity is in direct proportion to the turbidity of the water samples. Therefore, the prior turbidity measurement has the phenomena of poor signal stability, low effectiveness and accuracy, small measuring range, large error and low stability, so that the measurement becomes very difficult, and the practical application can not meet the engineering requirement.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Objects of the invention
The invention provides an online method and a system for simultaneously monitoring low turbidity and high turbidity, which integrate the advantages of scattering and transmission, utilize hardware structure design and characteristics to combine with a software method, can realize the full-range measurement of 1-10000NTU by only using one infrared lamp, have simple structure, are connected with a client controller and output by 4-20MA current signals, have simple use and high sensitivity and accuracy, and automatically switch a test channel according to an actual water sample.
2. The technical scheme adopted by the invention
The invention discloses a system for online simultaneous detection of low turbidity and high turbidity, which comprises a detection pool unit, an optical system unit and a software calculation processing data unit. The optical unit comprises two testing channels, one testing channel is used for carrying out scattering testing, the other testing channel is used for carrying out transmission testing, the two testing channels comprise a light-emitting element and two photosensitive elements, the light-emitting element and the scattering photosensitive element are arranged on the circuit board at non-linear angles, and the transmission photosensitive element is arranged at the position opposite to the straight line of the light-emitting element and is respectively used for carrying out scattering and transmission testing; when the optical unit tests a water sample, the optical unit can simultaneously perform scattering test and transmission test on the water sample; setting a scatter signal threshold m 1 And a light intensity threshold q, reading scattering and transmission signals tested by the optical unit by a software system, and testing the turbidity of the water sample by respectively switching scattering current and transmission current.
Furthermore, the optical unit shell is a hollow cylinder, an optical system structure is arranged in the optical unit shell, the light-emitting element and the transmission photosensitive element are on the same diagonal line, and the scattering photosensitive element corresponds to the light-emitting element and the transmission photosensitive element in a non-linear angle.
Furthermore, the scattering current is in two stages, and the transmission current is also in two stages.
The invention discloses a method for online simultaneous detection of low turbidity and high turbidity, which comprises the following steps:
setting a scatter signal threshold m 1 Transmitted light intensity q ，K i ,b i For linear fit coefficients, the specific test steps are as follows:
step 4, starting a transmission current self-regulation function to regulate the transmission light intensity of the water sample, and substituting the new transmission current four into Y if the transmission light intensity is greater than q to obtain a new transmission current four 4 ＝K 4 X 4 +b 4 Calculating transmitted light intensity T 'of DI under transmission current four' di signal X 4 Value of transmission current four, Y 4 Is T' di signal ，T' Solution signal Is when
The transmission signal parameter measured under the four conditions of the front transmission current, the driving current of the light-emitting element and the luminous intensity are in direct proportion; can pass through-log (T' Solution signal /T' di signal ) Obtaining the absorbance of the water sample under the transmission current of four, substituting into the relational expression Y 2 ＝K 2 X 2 +b 2 Calculating turbidity; if the transmitted light intensity is less than q, the over-range alarm is given.
3. Advantageous effects adopted by the present invention
(1) The invention is based on the technology of a scattering method and a transmission method, carries out two-channel multi-current scattering transmission measurement through a unique light source, judges and selects a proper measurement channel and a proper test method, finds out the relation between an optical element and scattering and transmission signals by utilizing the characteristics of an optical structure and hardware, develops a method and a system capable of simultaneously detecting low turbidity and high turbidity, realizes the automatic switching measurement of the turbidity concentration range from 1NTU to 10000NTU on the device, has stable performance and high sensitivity, adopts multi-current scattering signal calculation at the low end, adopts multi-current transmission signal calculation at the high end, and can control the accuracy within +/-5 percent. The data are transmitted on line in real time through being connected with the client controller, the dilemma that manual 24-hour detection is needed is solved, and the situation that the measuring range of a single instrument is small is also solved. The method can be used for monitoring the turbidity of water quality in multiple industries, and can better optimize the actual requirement of monitoring the turbidity of the water environment in China.
(2) The invention selects the large range through transmission and selects the precision through scattering, so the invention adopts multi-stage transmission current and scattering current to realize the testing precision.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the optical unit of the device;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the optical unit of the device;
in fig. 3, y is 0.997x +0.68, R 2 A linear relation graph of a true value and an actual value which are 0.999;
in fig. 4, y is 0.985x-1.543, R 2 A linear relation graph of a true value and an actual value of 0.998;
in FIG. 5, y is 1.044x-37.44，R 2 A linear relation graph of a true value and an actual value of 0.998;
in fig. 6, y is 0.965x +270.3, R 2 Linear relationship between true value and measured value of 0.999.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the examples of the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the examples of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
The device is developed based on scattering and transmission principles, is used for detecting low turbidity and high turbidity simultaneously on line, and performs data processing calculation and switching by using software.
The device comprises a detection cell unit, an optical system unit and a software calculation processing data unit. The optical unit comprises two testing channels, wherein one testing channel is used for performing scattering testing, the other testing channel is used for performing transmission testing, the two testing channels comprise a light-emitting element and two photosensitive elements, and the method for measuring multiple functions of one optical element is really realized at the same time.
The optical system unit light-emitting element 1 and the scattering photosensitive element 2 are arranged at a non-linear angle, and the transmission photosensitive element 3 is arranged at a position opposite to the straight line of the light-emitting element 1 and is used for performing scattering and transmission tests respectively; when the optical unit tests a water sample, the optical unit can simultaneously perform scattering test and transmission test on the water sample;
the absorbance is a function of the logarithmic value of the ratio of the intensity of the incident light to the intensity of the transmitted light. The change of light intensity directly influences the output voltage of photoelectric detection, so in the design, the absorbance value can be obtained by measuring the voltage value before and after the turbidity change of the sample; the intensity of scattered light is related to turbidity due to scattering of light by suspended particles in the liquid; turbidity information can be obtained by measuring the intensity of the scattered light. The measurement range of transmission is large, the measurement range of scattering is small, the large-range selection is carried out through transmission, and the precision selection is carried out through scattering, so that the test precision of the invention is realized by adopting multistage transmission current and scattering current.
Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the optical unit of the device, which is a hollow cylinder, and the inner cavity is a view of the installation positions of the light-emitting element and the photosensitive element. The No. 1 position of the light-emitting element is a 950nm infrared lamp to ensure that the interference caused by the color of the sample is minimized, the No. 2 position is a scattering photosensitive element, the scattering photosensitive element and the scattering photosensitive element are arranged on a circuit board at an angle of 90 degrees, and the transmission photosensitive element 3 and the light-emitting element 1 are arranged on the circuit board in a straight line.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the optical unit of the device, which is a hollow cylinder, and the inner cavity is a view of the installation positions of the light-emitting element and the photosensitive element. The No. 1 position of the light-emitting element is a 950nm infrared lamp, the No. 2 position is a scattering photosensitive element, the light-emitting element and the scattering photosensitive element are arranged on the circuit board in a non-linear mode, and the transmission photosensitive element 3 and the light-emitting element 1 are arranged on the circuit board in a linear mode.
Setting a scatter signal threshold m 1 Transmitted light intensity q The specific test steps are as follows:
before formal application to an actual water body test, the water body has a certain color but still has turbidity, and because the actual water body absorbs light intensity, a scattering signal measured at once by current is smaller than a real scattering signal, the scattering signal to be measured needs to be compensated through absorbance, and a compensation step F1 and a preset scattering signal threshold m are further arranged 2 ，m 2 ＜m 1 The software system reads the scattering and transmission signals tested by the optical unit, and respectively adopts the scattering current I and the transmission current III, if the absorbance of the transmission current III is calculated to be more than n 1 And the scattering signal under the scattering current is less than m 2 Absorbance X calculated by transmission current 1 Carry into relation Y 1 ＝K 1 X 1 +b 1 Calculating the turbidity, X 1 By S under a scattered current " Solution signal /S di signal To give S di signal In order to leave factoryScattering signal of the device, S " Solution signal A scattering signal S obtained by compensating the current with absorbance Solution signal ，(S” Solution signal ＝S Solution signal /(T Solution signal /T di signal ))，Y 1 Is turbidity concentration; otherwise, jumping to the step 1;
step 4, starting a transmission current self-regulation function to regulate the transmission light intensity of the water sample, and substituting the new transmission current four into Y if the transmission light intensity is greater than q to obtain a new transmission current four 4 ＝K 4 X 4 +b 4 Calculating the transmitted light intensity T 'of DI at the transmission current of four' di signal ，X 4 Value of transmission current four, Y 4 Is T' di signal ，T' Solution signal The transmission signal parameter is measured under the condition of the current transmission current four, and the driving current of the light-emitting element is in direct proportion to the luminous intensity; can pass through-log (T' Solution signal /T' di signal ) Obtaining the absorbance of the water sample under the transmission current of four, substituting into the relational expression Y 2 ＝K 2 X 2 +b 2 Calculating turbidity; if the transmitted light intensity is less than q, the over-range alarm is given.
Wherein the threshold value m of the scattering signal 1 3500, the transmitted light intensity q is 500, K i ,b i The error is allowed to be + -5% or + -1 ntu for linear fitting coefficients.
The device outputs 4-20MA current through the connection with the customer's controller.
The software system of the device has powerful data processing and calculating functions, and the device has the advantages of stable light source in hardware, simple structure, stable performance and high sensitivity.
0.9 g of kaolin is weighed, 1 g of 50% PAA is added as a dispersing agent, and the volume is determined within 100 ml. And (3) calibrating a certain brand instrument by using an externally purchased turbidity standard solution, and reversely calculating the concentration of the turbidity solution in the volumetric flask by diluting the solution to be within 400NTU for multiple times. The method is characterized in that water is used as a solvent, a series of turbidity solutions with different concentrations are prepared for testing, a field test is simulated through a circulating system, the first table is test data, and the detection limit is 0.16 NTU:
when the turbidity solution is 1-100NTU, a channel is internally provided with a linear relation R2 between a down-scattered signal and the turbidity concentration (0.9996)
When the turbidity solution is 100-
When the turbidity solution is 1000-
When the turbidity solution is 6000-10000NTU, the linear relation between the transmission signal and the turbidity concentration under the new transmission current 4 of the two channels is R2-0.9991
The test was performed by burning the instrument as shown in FIGS. 3-6, and the test results are shown in Table I.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (3)
1. A system for online simultaneous detection of low turbidity and high turbidity is characterized in that: comprises a detection cell unit, an optical system unit and a software calculation processing data unit; the optical unit comprises two testing channels, one testing channel is used for carrying out scattering testing, the other testing channel is used for carrying out transmission testing, the two testing channels comprise a light-emitting element and two photosensitive elements, the light-emitting element and the scattering photosensitive element in the optical system unit are arranged on the circuit board at non-linear angles, and the transmission photosensitive element is arranged at the position opposite to the straight line of the light-emitting element and is respectively used for carrying out scattering and transmission testing; when the optical unit tests a water sample, the optical unit can simultaneously perform scattering test and transmission test on the water sample; setting a scatter signal threshold m 1 Through, aWhen the light intensity q is exceeded, reading scattering and transmission signals tested by the optical unit by a software system, and testing the turbidity of a water sample by respectively switching scattering current and transmission current;
setting a scatter signal threshold m 1 Transmitted light intensity q, K i ,b i For linear fit coefficients, the specific test steps are as follows:
step 1, testing a water sample scattering signal by using a scattering current I, and if the scattering signal is less than m 1 Substituting the scattering current into Y 1 ＝K 1 X 1 +b 1 Calculation of X 1 By S under a scattering current Solution signal /S di signal To give S di signal For built-in scattered signals leaving the factory, S Solution signal For scattering signals measured under the condition of a scattering current, Y 1 If the concentration is turbidity concentration, otherwise, skipping to the step 2;
step 2, starting a scattering current self-regulation function to adjust the scattering signal of the water sample, wherein the scattering signal is less than or equal to m 1 Then new second scattering current is obtained and substituted into Y 3 ＝K 3 X 3 +b 3 Calculating the scattering signal of DI under the second scattering current, wherein the driving current and the luminous intensity of the luminous element are in direct proportion, and X 3 For self-regulated scattered current two, Y 3 DI scatters Signal S 'under a scattercurrent of two' di signal (ii) a Simultaneously bring into relation Y 1 ＝K 1 X 1 +b 1 Calculating the turbidity, wherein X 1 Is a scattering current of Ding S' Solution signal /S' di signal ，S' di signal Is Y 3 ＝K 3 X 3 +b 3 Calculated scatter Signal, S' Solution signal Scattering signals measured under the condition of scattering current II; otherwise, jumping to the step 3;
step 3, adopting the transmission current three to measure the transmission signal, if the transmission signal is more than q, using the transmission current three to measure the transmission light intensity of the water sample, and using the absorbance X calculated by the transmission current three 2 Carry into relation Y 2 ＝K 2 X 2 +b 2 Calculating turbidity, X 2 By transmission of electric current threeLog (T) of Solution signal /T di signal ) Result in, T di signal The signal is a transmission signal parameter which is built in the factory Solution signal Is a transmission signal parameter, Y, measured under the three conditions of the current transmission current 2 Is turbidity concentration; otherwise, jumping to the step 4;
step 4, starting a transmission current self-regulation function to regulate the transmission light intensity of the water sample, and substituting the new transmission current four into Y if the transmission light intensity is greater than q to obtain a new transmission current four 4 ＝K 4 X 4 +b 4 Calculating the transmitted light intensity T 'of DI at the transmission current of four' di signal ，X 4 Value of transmission current four, Y 4 Is T' di signal ，T' Solution signal The transmission signal parameter is measured under the current transmission current four condition, and the driving current of the light-emitting element is in direct proportion to the luminous intensity; can pass through-log (T' Solution signal /T' di signal ) Obtaining the absorbance of the water sample under the transmission current of four, substituting into the relational expression Y 2 ＝K 2 X 2 +b 2 Calculating turbidity; if the transmitted light intensity is less than q, the over-range alarm is given.
2. The system for online simultaneous detection of low turbidity and high turbidity of claim 1, wherein: the optical unit shell is a hollow cylinder, an optical system structure is arranged in the optical unit shell, the light-emitting element and the transmission photosensitive element are on the same diagonal line, and the scattering photosensitive element corresponds to the light-emitting element and the transmission photosensitive element in a non-linear angle.
3. The system for online simultaneous detection of low turbidity and high turbidity of claim 1, wherein: the scattering current is in two stages, and the transmission current is also in two stages.
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| CN112268876A (en) * | 2020-10-14 | 2021-01-26 | 天津优可信科技有限公司 | Water quality detection unit and water quality detector |
| CN113720803A (en) * | 2021-07-15 | 2021-11-30 | 常州罗盘星检测科技有限公司 | Method and system for online simultaneous detection of low-concentration and high-concentration floating water at low temperature and high temperature |
| CN115266708A (en) * | 2022-07-25 | 2022-11-01 | 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 | Embedded sand content measuring system based on recurrent neural network and control method |
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